Texts
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This interface allows you to look for texts in the DHARMA collection. The search form below can be used for filtering results. Matching is case-insensitive, does not take diacritics into account, and looks for substrings instead of terms. For instance, the query edit matches "edition" or "meditation". To look for a phrase, surround it with double quotes, as in "old javanese". Searching for strings that contain less than three characters is not possible.
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Documents 1151–1200 of 2890 matching.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The record is dated in the 6th year of Parakēsarivarman and registers a gift of gold for a lamp to the Maṇavāḷa-Perumāḷ temple at Tiruviḍavandai situated in Paḍuvūr-nāḍu, a subdivision of Āmūr-kōṭṭam.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0125.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription, dated in the 2nd year of Parakēsarivarman, registers a grant of land by Pūdi Ādittapiḍāri to the stone temple built by her at Tiruchchenduṟai, to meet the cost of the expenses of a festival in connexion with the solar eclipse. Pūdi Ādittapiḍāri may have been a daughter of Pūdi or Maṟavaṉ Pūdiyār referred to in another inscription of king Parakēsarivarman at Tiruchchenduṟai1 . The king Parakēsarivarman himself has to be identified with either Madhurāntaka Uttama-Chōḷa or Āditya Karikāla II. both of whom held the title Parakēsarivarman2 . The provision made for festivals on the day of the solar eclipse might suggest that in this second year of king Parakēsarivarman there should have been at least one such eclipse. If Parakēsarivarman is identified with Madhurāntaka Uttama-Chōḷa who succeeded to the throne in A.D. 971, we find that according to Dr. Schram’s “Eclipses of the Sun in India,” there were two solar eclipses in the year 972 which was the second year of Uttama-Chōḷa. Consequently it is not unlikely that the king referred to in this inscription is king Uttama-Chōḷa.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0126.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 3rd year of Parakēsarivarman and registers a gift of gold for a lamp by a certain Koṟṟaṉ Aruṇmoḻi alias Vāṉavaṉ Pēraraiyaṉ of Āṟṟūr in Māṅgāḍu-nāḍu. The money presented was apparently utilized in purchasing a land which adjoined another granted by Naṅgai Varaguṇa-Perumāṉār. This lady has been already referred to as the wife of Parāntaka Iḷaṅgōvēḷār and to have made a grant of land to the same temple in the 13th year of Rājakēsarivarman (Gaṇḍarāditya). It is now difficult to determine who this king Parakēsarivarman is in whose reign the gift of Varaguṇa-Perumāṉār could be referred to. Subsequent to Gaṇḍarāditya who ruled for about 18 years there must have ruled at least four kings before Rājarāja I. succeeded to the throne in A. D. 985, viz.,—Ariṁjaya, Sundara-Chōḷa Parāntaka II., Āditya Karikāla and Uttama-Chōḷa of whom the first probably and the two last bore the surnames Parakēsarivarman. Consequently Parakēsarivarman of our inscription must be identified with either Arimjaya whose records have not been found hitherto or with Uttama-Chōḷa. In all probability the reference appears to be to the latter.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0127.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 4th year of Parakēsarivarman and registers the gift of a lamp to the temple of Tirukkīḷ-kōṭṭam at Tirukkuḍamūkkil (i.e., the Nāgēsvara temple at Kumbhakōṇam). The astronomical details given in the record were verified by Diwan Bahadur L. D. Swamikkannu Pillai and found to be correct for Madhurāntaka Uttama-Chōḷa, the uncle of Rājarāja I. The date corresponds to Thursday, the 22nd April A. D. 9751 .
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0129.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 37th year of the reign of “Parakēsarivarman, the conqueror of Madirai (Madhurā),” i.e. of the Chōḷa king Parāntaka I.,1 who reigned from about A.D. 900 to 940.2 It records that the villagers granted to the temple the village of Śōdiyambākkam, which was situated to the north of their own village. Śōdiyambākkam3 still bears the same name and lies 3 1/4 miles north of Ukkal.
In the preceding inscription (No. 11, l. 7), which belongs to the 16th year of Parakēsarivarman, Śōdiyambākkam is designated as ‘a village (belonging to) this god,’ i.e. to the Vishṇu temple at Ukkal. At first sight it might be concluded from this that No. 11 is of later date than No. 12, and consequently, Parakēsarivarman one of the successors of Parāntaka I. On the other hand, it is but natural to assume that Parāntaka I. prefixed the title Madirai-koṇḍa to his name Parakēsarivarman, in order to distinguish it from earlier Chōḷa kings named Parakēsarivarman, and that any Parakēsarivarman who succeeded Parāntaka I. would have followed the example of the latter and adopted a similar distinguishing epithet. Hence I believe that the inscriptions of Parakēsarivarman4 belong to an earlier king than Parāntaka I. The subjoined inscription would then record a mere renewal or confirmation of the gift of the village of Śōdiyambākkam, which had already belonged to the temple in the time of Parakēsarivarman.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0012.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 6th year of Parakēsarivarman Uttama-Chōḷa. It registers the grant of a land for a lamp to the temple of Ādityēśvaram-uḍaiya-Mahādēva at Tirunallam.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0130.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is another record of Parakēsarivarman which supplies the astronomical details of week-day, month and nakshatra and enables us to fix the exact date of the record. Diwan Bahadur Swamikkannu Pillai has calculated and found the details to be correct for the eighth year of Parakēsarivarman Uttama-Chōḷa who ascended the throne in A.D. 969-70. The date corresponds to Thursday, the 30th January A.D. 979.1 Uḍaiyār-Gaṇḍarādittatteriñja-Kaikkōḷar2 must have been the name of a regiment called after king Gaṇḍarāditya, the father of Uttama-Chōḷa.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0131.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This unfinished inscription is dated in the 8th year of Parakēsarivarman and registers a gift of [2]0 kaḻañju of gold for offerings to the god Kṛishṇa and his consort Rukmiṇī. The donor was Īrāyiraṉdēvi-Ammaṉār, the wife of ‘the lord who died on the back of an elephant’.
This is the earliest reference in South-Indian Inscriptions to the worship of Kṛishṇa and Rukmiṇī. By the clause ‘the lord who died on the back of an elephant’ we have probably to understand Prince Rājāditya who, in the large Leyden grant, is stated to have met with his death on the back of an elephant in an encounter with Kṛishṇarāja (i.e., the Rāshṭrakūṭa king Kṛishṇa III.)1 King Parakēsarivarman must, therefore, be identified with either Madhurāntaka Uttama-Chōḷa or with Āditya-Karikāla II.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0132.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is dated in the 8th year of Parakēsarivarman and refers to the re-engraving of certain documents of land-gifts made in the 18th and 20th years of the reign of Parāntaka I. The original documents, which had been engraved on the steps (paḍikaṭṭu) of the old central shrine of the temple of Tiruppāttuṟai had become weather-worn and it is stated that the assembly of Uttamaśīli-chaturvēdimaṅgalam ordered their restoration.
Among the boundaries of the lands granted are mentioned Vīraśrī-Kāmugavadi, Ādichcha-vāykkāl, Kōdaṇḍarāmavadi and Uttamaśīli-vāykkāl already referred to in the other inscriptions from Tiruppalāttuṟai.
The ruling king Parakēsarivarman must be identified with one of the three kings, viz., Ariñjaya, Āditya-Karikāla II. or Uttama-Chōḷa Madhurāntaka who bore that epithet, and ruled between Madiraikoṇḍa Parāntaka I. and Rājarāja I. I am inclined to think that the reference is probably to the last.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0133.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription which is dated in the 9th year of king Parakēsarivarman Uttama-Chōḷadēva registers provision for food-offering made by the officer Villavaṉ Mūvēndavēḷāṉ of Puduvūr in Tirunaṟaiyūr-nāḍu, to the temple of Mahādēva (Śiva) of the sacred Vīraṭṭāna at Tirukkaṇḍiyūr. Tirukkaṇḍiyūr is one of the eight Vīraṭṭāna temples mentioned in the Dēvāram.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0134.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is built in at the right end by a modern structure raised in front of the Dakshiṇāmūrti shrine. Its importance consists in the Śaka and Kaliyuga dates which it supplies and thereby fixes the period of Uttama-Chōḷa’s rule.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0135.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This fragmentary inscription is dated in the 10th year of Uttama-Chōḷa. Tirunallūr is identical with Nallūr, a village 5 miles south of Kumbhakōṇam. Māṉakkuṟai Vīranārāyaṇaṉār was evidently an officer of the king deputed to check the accounts of the temple of Tirunallūr.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0136.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The importance of the subjoined inscription consists in the astronomical details of date it supplies and the name Vīranārāyaṇiyār which it gives as that of the queen of king Uttama-Chōḷa. The record apparently registers a grant of land to the temple of Tirukkīḻ-kōṭṭam (the present Nāgēśvara) at Tirukkuḍamūkkil (i.e., Kumbhakōṇam).
The astronomical details of the date have been verified by Diwan Bahadur L. D. Swamikkannu Pillai and found correct for the 13th year of the reign of Parakēsarivarman Uttama-Chōḷa. The given date corresponds to Friday 9th June A.D. 982.1
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0137.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The importance of this inscription consists in the fact that it furnishes both the Kaliyuga year and the regnal year of king Uttama-Chōḷa and thus enables us to fix the year of accession of this sovereign. Since the 13th year of the king corresponded to Kali 4083 (= A. D. 981-82), it follows that he must have ascended the throne in A.D. 969-70. His latest year known so far is the 16th which brings the close of his reign down to the date of accession of his successor Rājarāja I. which has been calculated and found to be 985-6 A.D.
The name Siṁhavishṇu-chaturvēdimaṅgalam given to Kañjaṉūr shows that the conquest of the Chōḷa dominion by the Pallava king Siṁhavishṇu so specifically claimed for him in the Vēlūrpāḷaiyam plates,1 must evidently have been based on actual facts.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0138.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is an unfinished inscription, dated in the 14th year of Parakēsarivarman. It registers a grant of land, by Śembiyaṉ Irukkuvēḷ alias Pūdi Parāntakaṉ, to the temple at Anduvanallūr Tiruvālanduṟai, which he had himself built. The donor has been identified by the late Rai Bahadur Venkayya, with Parāntakavarman the son of the Koḍumbāḷūr chief Vikramakēsarin. Consequently king Parakēsarivarman may be identified with Uttama-Chōḷa.1
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0139.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 17th year of the reign of the ancient Chōḷa king Rājakēsarivarman. It was meant to record some decision of the village assembly, but was left unfinished for unknown reasons.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0013.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is dated in the 14th year of Parakēsarivarman. It registers the gift of the produce of a certain field in Kaḷarikuṟichchi, for expenses in connexion with the fire oblations (agnikārya) in the temple at Tiruneḍuṅgaḷam in Kavira-nāḍu. The king is probably identical with Uttama-Chōḷa after whom Uttamaśōḻa-Brahmādhirāja mentioned in the inscription, was so called.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0140.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription which is dated in the 14th year of king Parakēsarivarman Uttama-Chōḷadēva registers a gift of land to the temple at Tirumullaivāyil by Śembiyaṉmādēviyār the daughter of Maḻavaraiyar and queen of Gaṇḍarāditya-Perumāḷ. The land was purchased by her from the assembly of Ambattūr in Ambattūr-nāḍu which was a subdivision of Puḻaṟ-kōṭṭam. Tirumullaivāyil and Ambattūr mentioned in the record are villages in the Saidapet taluk of the Chingleput district.
The characters of the inscription are of a period much later than that to which the record belongs. It is probably a copy
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0141.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription which is dated in the 15th year of Parakēsarivarman Uttama-Chōḷa mentions Śeṉṉi-Yeṟipaḍaichchōḻaṉ Uttamaśōḻaṉ who was probably an officer of the king. The first part of the name suggests that this chief would have been connected with Śeṉṉi-yeṟi-paḍai, i.e., the warlike army of Śeṉṉi.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0143.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is dated in the 16th year of king Parakēsarivarman alias Madhurāntakadēva Uttama-Chōḷa and states that the temple of Tirukkuraṅgāḍutuṟai (i.e., the modern Āḍutuṟai near Tiruviḍaimarudūr) was built of stone by the king’s mother Uḍaiyapirāṭṭiyār Mādēvaḍigaḷār alias Śembiyaṉmādēviyār and that certain documents of grants made to the god in former times having become old and damaged were now re-engraved on the walls of the newly-constructed temple.
The temple of Tirukkuraṅgāḍutuṟai is already mentioned in the Dēvāram and as such it should have been in existence in some form or other in the seventh century A. D. It is not unlikely, therefore, that prior to the construction of it in stone by the king’s mother there was, perhaps, a smaller stone structure1 with inscriptions (laksaṇha) on it. Consequently what is recorded here must refer to the renovation of the temple by the queen mother. In this connexion it may be noted that two inscriptions of the Pāṇḍya king Mārañjaḍaiyaṉ2 which are earlier in point of time than the present record and are also found on the temple walls, must have been copies of older grants.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0144.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 16th year of Parakēsarivarman Uttama-Chōḷa. It refers to a scrutiny of accounts of the temple of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr made in this year and registers the assignment of a gold salver to the temple by the headman of Eḻinūr in Puṟaṅgarambai-nāḍu. The district in which Puṟaṅgarambai-nāḍu was situated is not given; but we know from other records that it was in Arumoḻidēva-vaḷanāḍu also called Teṉ Kaḍuvāy1. The village of Eḻinūr mentioned in the record may be identified with Eḻalūr in the Tirutturaippūṇḍi taluk of the Tanjore district.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0145.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is engraved below a group of sculptures reproduced on the accompanying plate. It states that, during the reign of Madhurāntaka dēva alias Uttama-Chōḷa, his mother Mādēvaḍigaḷār alias Śembiyaṉ-Mādēviyār caused to be built in the name of her husband Gaṇḍarādityadēva, a stone temple at Tirunallam, i.e., the modern Kōnērirājapuram, which is one of the ancient Śaivite places of worship mentioned in the Dēvāram. The inscription serves as a key to understand the sculptures below which it is engraved. The female figure kneeling down in a worshipping posture is queen Śembiyaṉ-Mādēviyār and the one close to the liṅga is Gaṇḍarāḍityadēva. The two figures behind the queen are her attendants. The name Ādityēśvara-Mahādēva which occurs in other inscriptions of Kōnērirājapuram indicates that it was derived from Gaṇḍarāditya.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0146.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription again is a label explaining an image; and is engraved above and on the sides of it.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0147.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription, which is fragmentary, registers the gift of a gold koḷgai set with gems, to the god at Tiruviśalūr. The place is mentioned in the Dēvāram. It is not known exactly what koḷgai means. Kombiṟ-koḷgai occurs in the Tanjore inscriptions as an ornament for the tusk of Gaṇapati. Perhaps koḷgai is the cover or mask which is generally put over the liṅga in Śiva temples.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0148.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription, which is built in at the beginning, registers a gift of land for offerings by the mother of king Uttama-Chōḷa, to the temple of Siddhēśvaramuḍaiya- Mahādēva at Tirunaṟaiyūr which was a brahmadēya in Tirunaṟaiyūrnāḍu. The place is one of those mentioned in the Dēvāram and is situated in the Kumbakōṇam taluk of the Tanjore district. It may be noted that the queen mother is here called Pirāṉtakaṉ-Mādēvaḍigaḷār.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0149.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 4th year of the reign of “Parakēsarivarman who deprived Vīra-Pāṇḍya of his head.”1 This king may be identified with Āditya II. surnamed Karikāla, the elder brother of Rājarāja I., who, according to the large Leyden grant (l. 58), “as a boy, played sportively in battle with Vīra-Pāṇḍya.”
The inscription records that a cultivator named Śēṉai granted one paṭṭi2 of land, from the proceeds of which water and fire-pans3 had to be supplied to a maṇḍapa frequented by Brāhmaṇas.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0014.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is a record of the time of Parakēsarivarman Uttama-Chōḷa and registers a grant of land to Dayāparappērambalam built in the temple (?) at Tiruppāttuṟai. The assembly of Uttamaśīli-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, i.e., the present Uttamaśīli village in the Trichinopoly district, received the gift and made it taxfree. Dayāparappērambalam herein mentioned was probably the name of a hall where the village assembly used to meet.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0150.
Emmanuel Francis.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0151A.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This and the next number together constitute one record of Parakēsarivarman who is identical with Madhurāntaka Uttama-Chōḷa. The object of the inscription is to register the grant of certain lands to the temple at Tirunallam in Veṇṇāḍu, which had been constructed of stone by queen Śembiyaṉ-Mādēviyār in the name of her husband Gaṇḍarāditya. Prior to the date of this record she is stated to have laid out a new flower-garden for the temple by purchasing lands from the assembly of Tirunallam and getting them exempted from payment of taxes and to have increased the original provision for feeding Brāhmaṇas in the temple. The king also granted in the 3rd year of his reign two vēli of land for the upkeep of the garden and in the sixth year a further 16 vēli for the expenses in connexion with the feeding of Brāhmaṇas (ll. 24 to 26).
In the 7th year and 240th day of his reign when the king was encamped at Pichchaṉkōyil, one of his executive officers named Parakēsari Mūvēndavēḷāṉ informed the former that the gift for feeding Brāhmaṇas was not sufficient and that a further gift of 12 vēli of land had to be made. This was done accordingly in the 7th year of reign (ll. 23 to 40). A detailed description of the boundary line of the two vēli and the 12 vēli of land respectively granted for the maintenance of the flower-garden and the feeding house is given in 47 lines (ll. 51 to 98). The privileges and exemptions granted in favour of these two lands occupy lines 99 to 115. With line 116 commences a new grant dated in the 8th year and 143rd day of the same king when he was encamped at Kāṟaikkāṭṭu Paṉaiyūr. The request now was for the regulation of the expenses for all the income derived from the dēvadāna lands of the Tirunallam temple. Accordingly, on the 151st day of the same year the king ordered that specified amounts of gold and paddy collected as tax on the dēvadāna lands of Tirunallam were to be deducted from the general revenue and that the number of Brāhmaṇas who were fed in the feeding house be raised from 25 to 40, the additional expense being met from the remaining balance under a certain item provided for in the old regulations.
This brings us to the end of No. 151 which is engraved on the last section of the south wall and the adjoining section on the east wall of the temple which itself faces west The two next sections on the east wall, two lines on the top of the north wall and a portion again of the east wall seem to contain the continuation. Consequently, on account of the irregular arrangement on the walls, this continuation is treated separately as No. 151A. It describes the regulated expenses referred to at the end of No. 151. As many as 4,151 kalam of paddy and lands, whose measurements are given in great detail, were provided for, in order to maintain the regular service in the temple, such as, the various dishes of oblations to the images, sandal paste, incense, lamps, the śrībali-ceremony held on the natal star Jyēshṭhā of queen Śembiyaṉ-Mādēviyār, feeding Brāhmaṇas, pay (with cost of clothing) of the worshipper, the festivals Mārgaḻi-Tiruvādirai and Vaigāśī-Viśāgam, the pay (with cost of clothing) of Brāhmaṇas who crushed sandal, the Brāhmaṇa servants who held the canopy (over the images) and rendered other necessary service, servants who picked up flowers and strung them, servants who swept the sacred temple and smeared it with cowdung, musicians, trumpeters, conch-blowers, watchmen of images, reciters of the Tiruppadiyam hymns, Brāhmaṇas who attended to the general management of the temple (kōvil-vāriyam), the temple accountant of the potter caste, the potter who supplied pots, the dyer (?) who dyed the sacred cloth (for the images), the Brāhmaṇa who carried the water from the Kāvērī for the sacred bath, the official auditor who checked the temple transactions under orders of the king, temple repairs, the monthly sacred baths and the ceremonies on eclipses, renewal of screens and canopies, the purificatory ceremony called Jalapavitra, annual renewal of sacred cloths, the astrologer who recited the astronomical changes every day and carried the calendar (nāḷōtai) with him, the pay (including cost of clothing) of the gardeners and of their assistants, the temple architect, the carpenter and the blacksmith, special worship for the images of Tripuravijaya, Vrishabhavāhana and Gaṇapati and the sacred bath with the five articles, viz., milk, curds, butter, sugar and honey. The extent of the houses occupied by the temple servants, hymners. priests, musicians, the temple manager and others, is also recorded.
The several officers of the king who legalised the grant by affixing their signatures, the immunities granted to and the privileges enjoyed by the donee, viz., the present Umāmahēśvara temple at Tirunallam, are of very great interest. The officers mentioned are the councillors (Karumam-ārāyum), revenue officers (Puṟavuvaṟi), officers (in charge) of revenue registers (Vaṟippottagam), revenue accountants (Vaṟippottaga-kaṇakku), revenue clerks (Variyiliḍu), Mugaveṭṭi1, Paṭṭōlai and the Chief Secretary (Ōlaināyagam). The privileges and immunities granted are almost the same as those mentioned in Vol. II, pp. 512 and 530 f. The scheme of the document was apparently a model on which the later grants recorded on the large Leyden copper-plates2 and other similar ones were drawn up.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0151.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The subjoined record informs us that certain lands were made tax-free by the great assembly of Uttaramēru-chaturvēdimaṅgalam in the 2nd year of king Partma (i.e., Pārthivēndra)-Mahārāja, ‘who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya’.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0152.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record registers another transaction of the assembly with regard to certain lands of the Lord of Vṛindāvana (i.e., Kṛishṇa) in Uttaramēru-chaturvēdimaṅgalam in the 3rd year of Pārthivēndrādhipativarman, ‘who took the head of Pāṇḍya’.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0153.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is also a land-transaction made by the assembly of Uttaramēlūr-chaturvēdimaṅgalam on behalf of the temple of Tiruppulivalam in the 3rd year of Pārthivēndrādhipativarman, who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya. Tiruppulivalam herein mentioned must be the same as Tiruppulivaṉam, a village situated about three miles from Uttaramallūr.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0154.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record is dated in the 3rd year and 173rd day of Pārthivēndrādhipativarman who took the head of the Pāṇḍya (king). Here again the assembly of Uttaramēru-chaturvēdimaṅgalam declared certain lands tax-free in favour of a temple after receiving pūrvāchāram from Śandiraṉ Eḻunūṟṟuvaṉ alias Nuḷamba-Māyilaṭṭiyār, a resident of Kandapurattupēṭṭai.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0155.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record refers to a number of committees which comprised the great assembly of Kāviripākkam alias Amaninārāyaṇa-chaturvēdimaṅgalam. These were saṁvatsara-vāriyam, tōṭṭa-vāriyam, ēri-vāriyam, kaḻaṉi-vāriyam, pañchavāra-vāriyam, kaṇakku-vāriyam, kaliṅgu-vāriyam and taḍivaḻi-vāriyam. Besides these, the assembly included a general body of bhaṭṭas (learned Brāhmaṇas) of the village, the ‘ruler’ (i.e., the headman) of the village and the overseer. Perhaps the two last-mentioned personages were the representatives of Government in the village assembly. An elaborate description of the formation of the village assemblies during the time of Parāntaka I. is given in the two Uttaramallūr inscriptions published by Rai Bahadur V. Venkayya in the Archaeological Survey Report for 1904-05.
In the 3rd year of king Pārthivēndrādivarman, the village assembly received a petition from one of the trustees of the temple stating that a garden and a field which were the archanābhōga of the god of Tirukkarapuram had been lying waste, being silted up by sand by the breaches in the river. The assembly directed the kaḻaṉi-vāriyam committee to grant 1,400 kuḻi of land from the village mañjikkam which was lying untaxed. The term mañjikkam perhaps corresponds to the present poramboke and the right vested in the village assemblies to dispose of such land deserves to be specially noted.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0156.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record is dated in the 3rd year and the 119th day of Pārthivēndrādhipātivarman, who took the head of Pāṇḍya and registers that the great assembly of Uttaramēru-chaturvēdimaṅgalam declared certain lands of the temple of Gōvardhana of that village, tax-free.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0157.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is a similar gift made again in the 3rd year of Pārthivēndra Ādityavarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya, to the temples of Tiruvāyppāḍi and Tiruvuṉṉiyūr in Uttaramēru-chaturvēdimaṅgalam. The usual pūrvāchāram was given by Śandiraṉ Eḻunūṟṟuvaṉ alias Nuḷamba Māyilaṭṭi. The name of the king Pārthivēndra-Ādityavarman, while it undoubtedly refers to Pārthivēndravarman, may establish the king’s possible connexion with the Chōla Ādityavarman (i.e., Āditya II.).
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0158.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: In the 3rd year of Pārthivēndrādivarman, who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya, the assembly of Uttaramēru-chaturvēdimaṅgalam declared certain lands of the goddess Durgā-Bhaṭṭārakī of that village to be tax-free, on receiving as pūrvāchāram the interest which accrued to that temple both from the documents held in the name of the goddess and from those held in the name of the assembly of Dāmōdarachchēri as, perhaps, its trustee.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0159.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 29th year of the reign of the Chōḷa king Rājarāja I. and opens with the usual historical introduction, where, however, this inscription and No. 16 read Taḍīga-pāḍi instead of Taḍigai-pāḍi or Taḍiya-vaḻi.1
The inscription records that the citizens of Mēṟpāḍi granted to the Aṟiñjigai-Īśvara temple 5, 136(1/2) kuḻi of land, which was bounded in the east by the river Nugā, and in the north by the Chōḷēndrasiṁhēśvara temple. Nugā is evidently the original name of the river Nīvā (or Poṉṉai), on the western bank of which Mēlpāḍi is situated, and Chōḷēndrasiṁhēśvara is the ancient designation of the Sōmanāthēśvara temple.2.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0015.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This again is a transaction made by the big assembly of Uttaramērūr-chaturvēdimaṅgalam made in the 3rd year of Pārthivendrādivarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya. It consisted in making tax-free certain lands of the temple of Kurukshētradēva, on receiving pūrvāchāram from Śandiraṉ Eḻunūṟṟuvaṉ alias Nuḷamba-Māyilaṭṭi, residing in Kandapurattupēṭṭai. This individual is known from No. 24 of 1898 printed below to have been a merchant of Raṇavīrappāḍi in Conjeeveram. It is doubtful therefore, if Kandapurattupēṭṭai was not another name of Raṇavīrappāḍi. Kurukshētradēva is not a familiar name in Hindu theogony but might refer to Kṛishṇa who played the chief part in the great war of Kurukshētra and was the author of the famous Bhagavadgītā.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0160.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This document records a gift of land made by certain Brāhmaṇas in the 3rd year of Pārthivendrādhipativarman for commenting upon, i.e., explaining, the science of grammar (Vyākaraṇa-śāstra).
In Tiruvoṟṟiyūr near Madras, a similar endowment was made during the time of king Kulōttuṅga III. for explaining the science of grammar and a hall called vyākaraṇamaṇḍapa was specially built for that purpose1 .
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0161.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record states that in the 3rd year of Pārthivēndrādhipativarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya, certain lands belonging to the village which did not fetch any tax, were given free of taxes by the village assembly to a temple at Uttaramērūr-chaturvēdimaṅgalam.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0162.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is a record of the lands owned by the temple of Tirumāliruñjōlai at Uttaramēru-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, drawn up in the 3rd year of Pārthivēndrādhipativarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0163.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription records that in the 3rd year of king Pārthivēndrādhipativarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya, certain lands were given by the great assembly of Uttaramēlūr-chaturvēdimaṅgalam to the god Mahāvishṇu of the Sōmanēri temple of Uttaramallūr, for lamps, offerings and worship.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0164.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This mutilated inscription dated in the 3rd year of [Pār]thivēndravarman mentions the Brahman assembly (sabhā) of Ilai-Vallam in Dāmar-kōṭṭam and the measure called Ūragattu-niṉṟār, by which oil was evidently measured out for maintaining a lamp in the temple of Gōvindapāḍi-Āḷvār. Ūragattu-niṉṟār must refer to the Vishṇu temple of Ulagaḷanda-Perumāḷ at Conjeeveram whose name according to the Vaishṇava scriptures (Nālāyiraprabandham) was Ūragam.
Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0165.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record is dated in the 3rd year of Pārthivēndravarman and registers a gift of money by the merchants for a sleeping cot presented by queen Arumoḻinaṅgai to the temple of Tiruvūral-Āḷvār. Mention has been made, in Nos. 49 and 52 of 1898 printed below, of Tribhuvana-Mahādēviyār, another queen of Pārthivēndra. Villavaṉ-Mādēviyār still another queen of his, is mentioned in No. 193 below.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0166.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the 3rd year of Pārthivēndrādhipativarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya, and records a gift of land to the temple of Ayyaṉ, the great Śāstā of Uttaramēru-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, for current expenses, a perpetual lamp, śrībali and archchanābhōga. Ayyaṉ or Śāstā is a popular village god; see South-Indian Gods and Goddesses, page 229 f.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0167.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This document of the 3rd year of Pārthivēndrādhipativarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya, registers a gift of land for worship and offerings to Mahādēva (Śiva) of the temple at Kumaṇpāḍi, a hamlet of Uttaramallūr.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0168.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription records that in the 3rd year of Pārthivēndrādivarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya, the members of the assembly of Uttaramēlūrchaturvēdimaṅgalam made a gift of land to the goddess Jyēshṭhā1 at Kumaṇpāḍi, a suburb of this village, for the maintenance of worship and sacred offerings.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0169.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The date of this inscription is the same as that of No. 15. The inscription records that the citizens of Mēṟpāḍi granted to the Aṟiñjigai-Īśvara temple the hamlet of Pulikkuṉṟam on the west of the river Nugā,1 on the north of Kukkaṉūr, on the east of Teṉkoḷḷi, and on the south of Pālainellūr. Pulikkuṉṟam itself is not found on the map; but its southern boundary, Kukkaṉūr,2 is situated on the road from Tiruvallam to Mēlpāḍi, and its western and northern boundaries, Teṉkoḷḷi and Pālainellūr, are probably the modern Tempalle and Śrīpādanellūr.3
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0016.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The assembly of Uttaramērūr-chaturvēdimaṅgalam received the usual pūrvāchāram from Śandiraṉ Eḻunūṟṟuvaṉ Nuḷamba-Māyilaṭṭi, a merchant of Raṇavīrappāḍi in Kāñchīpura and exempted taxes on certain lands which they had given to a priest of the temple, in the fourth year (of the reign) of Pārthivēndrādhipativarman who took the head of Vīra-Pāṇḍya.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0170.