Texts
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This interface allows you to look for texts in the DHARMA collection. The search form below can be used for filtering results. Matching is case-insensitive, does not take diacritics into account, and looks for substrings instead of terms. For instance, the query edit matches "edition" or "meditation". To look for a phrase, surround it with double quotes, as in "old javanese". Searching for strings that contain less than three characters is not possible.
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Documents 151–200 of 1214 matching.
Emmanuel Francis.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv06p0i0010.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an agreement by the assembly (Perunguṟi-sabhai) of Śrīkaṇṭhachaturvēdimaṅgalam, exempting from the several kinds of taxes, 2 vēli and 7 mā of land endowed after purchase and left in their charge, by Vēlāṉ Viranārāyaṇaṉ alias Śembiyaṉ Vēdivēḷār of Śiṟudavūr in Kiḷiyūr-nāḍu for feeding 15 Brahmans in the feeding house on the hill of Tiruveṟumbiyūr-Āḻvār every day. A lump sum is said to have been paid by the donor towards these taxes to the assembly. This person has figured as the builder of the Śrīvimāna of the temple in other epigraphs of the place including No. 104 of 1914, dated in the 7th year of Rājakēsarivarman. As this last inscription makes mention of a channel called Uttamaśīlivāykkāl, evidently after a son of Parāntaka I, all these records have to be assigned to a successor of his, either Gaṇḍarāditya or Parāntaka II Sundara-Chōḷa, both of whom were Rājakēsarins, as against the view expressed in M.E.R. 1915, II, 20, referring them all to Āditya I on the basis of the astronomical details contained in them. It is quite likely that these details would yield alternate equivalants for dates later than Parāntaka I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0110.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an endowment of 6 mā of land to the temple of Mahādēva on the hill at Śrīkaṇṭha-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, to provide for the supply of an uḻakku of ghee every day for a perpetual lamp in the temple, by Tāyaṉ Kaṇamuḍaiyāṉ, a resident of the village, who also made it tax-free by a lump-sum payment of gold to the sabhā.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0111.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of forty-five sheep for burning a lamp in the day-time in the temple of Tiruveṟumbi⟨y⟩ūr-Dēvar by Kallaḍai Perumān, a Veḷḷāḷa resident of Śrīkaṇṭha-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, and his wife Paraman Kallai.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0112.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of 34 sheep for burning a lamp during the three services in the temple of Āḻvār on the hill at Tiru[v*]eṟumbiyūr, and of a lamp-stand for the same, by Nārāyaṇa-Kramavittaṉ, son of Mānacha(śa)rman of Kāvanūr, a member of the Āḷum-gaṇam of Śrīkaṇṭha-chaturvēdimaṅgalam.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0113.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This seems to be an inscription of Sundara-Chōḷa. The details of the date given, viz., Mithuna, Wednesday, Svāti, correspond to A.D. 961, May 29. This records an undertaking given by the Peruṅguṟi-sabhai of Śrīkaṇṭha-chaturvēdimaṅgalam who held their sitting on the hill of Tiruveṟumbiyūr-Āḻvār, that they would not confiscate the property (dēvasvam) of the temple on grounds of default in the payment of taxes, as the temple was not bound to pay any kind of taxes. The assembly also declared that they would ostracise such a person as suggested, ordered or himself made the confiscation, and would treat him as “an annoyance to the village,” besides making him liable for fine at the hands of the Māhēśvaras.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0114.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This registers a sale of some plots of land to the temple of Tiruvāṟai-Nakkaṉkōyil-Paramasvāmin at Tribhuvanamahādēvi-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, by the peruṅguṟiperumakkaḷ (assembly) of the village, effected in the 28th year of Kannaradēva (Rāshṭrakūṭa Kṛishṇa III) as compensation for the silver and gold vessels and jewels of the temple which had been utilised by them for sabhā-viniyōga (expenses ?) in former years. The sabhā refer in this sale transaction to a land endowed by them to the temple as dēvadāna in the 14th year of king Parāntaka I. The Rājakēsarivarman of this inscription should evidently refer to the Chōḷa king who reigned after the 28th year of the Rāshtrakūṭa king, i.e., A.D. 967 and, as such he can be identified with Rājarāja I. (M.E.R. 1918, II. 23). The name of the village seems to indicate its origin to Tribhuvanamahādēvi, a queen of Parāntaka I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0115.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is damaged and incomplete. It seems to record a gift of 25 kaḻañju of gold for the endowment of a piece of land after purchasing it (probably tax-free) from the nagarattār of Śivapuri, for a lamp in the temple of Mahādēva at Tiruvai-āṟu by Payitāṅgi Vāḷuva-Nāgaṇi, the wife of Nāgakumāraṉ Vādāvi-Araiyaṉ of . . . . . . Kaḷakkuḍi. Both Śivapuri and Kaḷakkuḍi are in the Tinnevelly district.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0116.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an endowment of land, one vēli in extent, as tax-free dēvadāna for the requirements of daily offerings and worship and a perpetual lamp in the temple of Paramēśvara at Tiruppaḻuvūr in Viḷattūr-nāḍu, by Mahimālaiya Irukkuvēḷ alias Parāntakaṉ Vīraśōḻaṉ. The donor seems to have belonged to the family of Irukkuvēḷs of Koḍumbāḷūr figuring in the Pudukkōṭṭai inscriptions, and should have been a feudal chief under Parāntaka I or II. The Rājakēsari of this inscription might therefore refer to Gaṇḍarāditya or Sundara-Chōḷa. Since however, the record mentions a lunar eclipse in the month of Kanyā—one occurred in A.D. 954 (September 15) and another in A.D. 955 (September 4)—it is more probably that of the former.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0117.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is an incomplete inscription. This seems to have been intended in its original form to record an endowment of another half a vēli and half mā of land by the same chief in addition to the gift mentioned in No. 117 above for providing offerings, etc., on a bigger scale. From the disposition of the stones containing this and the preceding record and also No. 141 below, it appears as if they belonged to another temple and were used again after dismantlement in the construction of the present structure. This is also probably an inscription of Gaṇḍarāditya.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0118.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record is dated in the 5th year of Sakalabhuvanachchakravartin Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva and it records the gift of the village Āttūr alias Rājarājanallūr in Āṟṟūr-nāḍu, a subdivision of Ūṟṟukkāṭṭūk-kōṭṭam in Jayaṅgoṇḍaśōḻa-maṇḍalam, by Aḻagiyaśīyaṉ Avaṉiāḷappiṟandāṉ Kāḍavaṉ Kōpperuñjiṅgaṉ, for constructing, as a gōpura with 7 storeys, the southern entrance called ‘Śokkachchīyaṉ-tirunilai’ of the temple of Tiruchchiṟṟambalam-Uḍaiyār at Perumbaṟṟappuliyūr (i.e., Chidambaram). The Pāṇḍya emblems of a pair of fish and goad found in relief on the jambs and beams of this gōpura indicate that the construction must have been started in the reign of a Pāṇḍya king. It is stated that this inscription, besides being engraved at Āṟṟūr, was also ordered to be recorded in the temple of Tiruvēgamba-muḍaiya-Nāyaṉār, probably Ēkāmranātha at Conjeeveram. A copy of the record is found at Chidambaram wherein1 the engraving of the present inscription at Āttūr is also referred to. The document is attested by Kōpperuñjiṅga, Kurukularājaṉ and Villavarājaṉ.
The wording in this inscription where the chief himself figures as donor is peculiar. This form, though not uncommon, is not often met with in inscriptions.
From the surname Aḻagiyaśīyaṉ and the probable reference to this gōpura of seven storeys in a record2 of the 24th year of Rājarāja III, i.e., A.D. 1240, the present inscription has to be assigned to Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva I.3
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0119.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of 13 kaḻañju of gold for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple of Tiruvanantīśvara⟨m⟩-Uḍaiyār at Vīranārāyaṇa-chaturvēdimaṅgalam on the north bank, by Irāyūr Śoṭṭai Aiyanaṁbi-Bhaṭṭa a resident of Śrīdhara-Nārāyaṇachchēri (quarter) of the village. The shepherds of the place with whom this money was entrusted agreed to the daily supply of an uḻakku of ghee for the purpose. This may be a record of either Gaṇḍarāditya or Sundara-Chōḷa.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0119.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: King: Aḻagaperumāḷ Kulasēkharadēva Year: 2+42. Śaka 1395, Kaṟkkaṭaka 22, ba. di. 11, Tuesday, Mṛigaśrīsha = July 20, 1473. However, the star was Rōhiṇi.
This incomplete inscription records the gift of two mā of land, exempted from taxes, (bhūdāna-iṟaiyili) to a certain Vīra Pāṇḍya Sundarapāṇḍya Bhaṭṭaṉ of Kauśika-gōtra and to some other brāhmaṇas, well-versed in Vēdas, (chaturvēdi-bhaṭṭargaḷ) for reciting Vēdas at the above temple.
Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv38p0i0011.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record states that the assembly of Nālūr, a brahmadēya in Śēṟṟūr-kūṟṟam sold the (right of collecting the) market-fees of the bazaar-street (in their village) for a lump sum of 25 kāśu to the temple of Mūlasthānattu-Mahādēva at Tirumayānam. The early characters of the inscription make it attributable to the time of Āditya I.
Language: Undetermined.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0011.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record engraved in archaic Tamil characters with puḷḷis marked for basic consonants, is dated in the 9th year opposite to the 4th year of the reign of Māṟañjaḍaiyaṉ, who is referred to also as Pāṇḍyādhipati-Varaguṇa. The king is stated to have given 537 kaḻañju of gold to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -nāṭṭu-vēḷāṉ, out of which four gold paṭṭams and a gold flower were made for decorating the God Tirumalai-Perumāṉaḍigaḷ. The astronomical details contained in the record are unfortunately mutilated.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv14p1i0011.
Emmanuel Francis.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv05p1i0011.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of 96 sheep and a ram for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple of Tiruvanantēśvarattāḻvār at Vīranārāyaṇa-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, by Parāntakaṉ-Mādēvaḍigaḷ alias Śembiyaṉ-Mādēviyār the daughter of Maḻavaraiyar and queen of Gaṇḍarādityadēvar ‘who was pleased to go west’, i.e., was deceased. This is evidently an inscription of Ariñjaya since Gaṇḍarāditya’s demise seems to be implied as a recent event.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv19p0i0011.
Emmanuel Francis.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv06p0i0011.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records the gift of a perpetual lamp made to the temple of Paramasvāmin at Tiruvāmāttūr a dēvadāna in Vāvalūr-nāḍu by a certain Śiṟiyamārāyaṉ and his brothers, on behalf (or in memory ?) of Śandirāchchaṉ, son of Kāḷi alias Mīṉavaṉ-Mārāyaṉ of Teṉṉavaṉmādēvi (village) in Ve[ṇ]-nāḍu—perhaps in expiation of some wrong done by them to the latter.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0120.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The first portion of this record consists of a string of birudas in Sanskrit which describe the family, character and achievements of Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva. The concluding portion is in Tamil and contains an order of the chief issued, through his officer Nīlagaṅgaraiyar, to the residents of Āṟṟūr remitting, in favour of the god Āḷuḍaiya-Nāyaṉār, from the 5th year of the chief’s rule, the tax aripāḍikāval excluding kāvalpēṟu, on their village which was hitherto collected by the king. In the Sanskrit portion the chief is called Pallavakula-pārijāta, Kāḍavakula-chūḍāmaṇi, Avanipālana-jāta, etc. He claims supremacy over the Chōḷa, Pāṇḍya, Chēdi, Karṇāṭa and Āndhra kings. The chief’s conflict with Gaṇḍagōpāla and the extent of his dominions are indicated by the titles ‘Gaṇḍa-bhaṇḍāra1-luṇṭāka’ Kshīrāpagādakshiṇanāyaka, Kāvērī-kāmuka and Peṇṇānadī-nātha. The title ‘Khaḍgamalla’ corresponding to the Tamil ‘Vāḷvalla’ explains the heroism, while the epithets ‘Bhāratamalla’ and ‘Sāhityaratnākara’ describe the cultural attainments of the chief. His connection with Mallai i.e., Mahābalipuram and Conjeeveram is indicated by the titles Mallāpuri-vallabha2 and Kāñchīpurī-kānta.3 The last verse in the Sanskrit portion gives a clue to the identification of Kōpperuñjiṅga. This verse, conveying a double entendre, refers to the attempts of the chief to enjoy Dhātrī, i.e. Earth, when it is implied that the town Kāñchī was taken and Madhya-(dēśa) i.e., Naḍu-nāḍu was conquered. Since the capture of Toṇḍai-maṇḍalam and Naḍu-nāḍu is to be attributed to the elder Peruñjiṅga, this record may be assigned to him.
The officer Nīlagaṅgaraiyar, from the title piḷḷaiyār applied to him, appears to have been a favourite and important officer of Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva. Three generations of Nīlagaṅgaraiyars are known, viz., (l) Kulōttuṅgaśōḻa Kaṇṇappaṉ Nallanāyaṉār Pañchanadivāṇaṉ Nīlagaṅgaraiyar (16th year of Kulōttuṅga-Chōḷa 111),4 (2) the officer figuring in the present inscription, and (3) his son, Pañchanadivāṇaṉ Aruṇagiriperumāḷ Nīlagaṅgaraiyar figuring in the time of Vijaya-Gaṇḍagōpāla,5 Sundara-Pāṇḍya6 and Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva II.7 They were in power in the present Chingleput district under the Chōḷas and their successors and sometimes issued orders in their own names.8
Aripāḍikāval may be explained as a tax payable in kind to the king for protection.
Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0120.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records the decision of the assembly of Paramēśvara-chaturvēdimaṅgalam (evidently the present Puḷḷalūr) in Eyiṟ-kōṭṭam including the samvatsara-vāriyaperumakkaḷ (members of the Annual Supervision Committee) and two other dignitaries Pirāṉadhi[kārigaḷ], to purchase back and reassign the land which had originally belonged to the temple of Tirumēṟṟaḷi-Mahādēva at the village, for providing with the income therefrom for the sacred bath of the deity and worship and offerings during the three services in the temple every day. It was also resolved by them to form a flower-garden for the temple with the paṭṭi land to the north and west of the temple compound.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0121.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription of the 6th year of Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva records a gift of 4 mā of garden land called ‘Aḻagiyapallavaṉ-tōppu,’ in Ūṟṟukkuṟuchchi alias Ādaṉūr in Kūḍal-nāḍu, by Āḷappiṟandāṉ Aḻagiyaśīyaṉ Kōpperuñjiṅgaṉ of Kūḍal in Kīḻ-Āmūrnāḍu, a subdivision of Tirmuṉaippāḍi, for supplying arecanuts, flower-garlands, etc., to the god at Tirumudukuṉṟam in Paruvūr-kūṟṟam, a subdivision of Iruṅgōḷappāḍi in Mēṟkā-nāḍu, situated in Virudarājabhayaṅkara-vaḷanāḍu.
The village Ādaṉūr may be identified with one of the two villages of the same name in the Vriddhachalam taluk. Kūḍal, the native place of Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva, is probably identical with Kūḍalūr i.e., Cuddalore in the South Arcot District. The garden Aḻagiyapallavaṉ-tōppu must have been so called after the surname of the chief. It may be pointed out that Kōpperuñjiṅga II also bore this surname.1
For the astronomical details given in the inscription there is only one tallying date between A.D. 1220 and 1260, viz. A.D. 1234, March 22, Wednesday. It is doubtful whether the regnal year is correctly quoted here.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0121.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: On the west wall, central shrine, Gaṅgājaṭādhara temple.
Year 13: 984 A.D.
Incomplete. This states that Ambalavaṉ Paḻuvūr-Nakkaṉ alias Vikramaśōḻa-Mārāyaṉ of Kuvāḷālam, the perundaram of Uttama-chōḷadēva built of stone the śrīvimāna of the temple of Vijayamaṅgalattu Dēva at Periya Śrī-Vāṉavaṉmādēvichaturvēdimaṅgalam, a brahmadēyam on the northern bank.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv32p2i0122.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of 90 sheep entrusted to two local residents, for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple of Bhaṭṭāla(ra)ka at Tiruppuṟambiyam, by a shepherd of Kuvāṟu named Nāṭṭuviṭaṅka-Perumaṉṟāḍi. Twelve of these having died, the deficiency is said to have been made up by a certain Maḻavaḍi Kaṇṇaṉ.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0122.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: In this inscription, dated in the 8th year, Kōpperuñjiñgadēva is given the surname Aḻagiyaśīyaṉ. It records a gift of 5 cows by Tirumalaiy-Aḻagiyāṉ alias Vīra[gaḷ*] vīrap-Pallavaraiyaṉ,1 a Kaikkōḷa-mudali of Tiruveṇṇainallūr for supplying daily milk by the measure ‘Arumoḻidēva-nāḻi’ to the god Vaikunda (Vaikuṇṭha)[p-Perumāḷ]. This donor figures in A.D. 12372 and his death is referred to in No. 189 below. From the title Aḻagiyaśīyaṉ given to the chief, he may be identified with the elder Kōpperuñjiṅga.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0122.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is an inscription of Rājarāja I. Its continuation is lost after the 4th line. It registers an endowment of twelve kaḻañju of gold by Ta[t*]ta Nārāyaṇi the wife of a local resident, Kauśikaṉ Bhaṭṭaṉ Ādityaṉ Ta[t*]taṉ of Śiṟukoṭṭaiyūr, providing with the interest (piḷavu-paliśai) thereon for the sacred bath of the deity with 108 pots of water on the day of Vishu in Aippigai month, in the temple of Tirunachchiyūr Mahādēva at Maṇaṟkāl, a brahmadēya in Kiḷā[r*]k-kūṟṟam, a subdivision of Maḻa-nāḍu on the northern bank.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0123.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: On the west wall, central shrine, Gaṅgājaṭādhara temple.
Year 13: 984 A.D.
Records a gift of 96 sheep for burning a perpetual lamp with an uḻakku of ghee everyday in the temple by Aparājitaṉ Seyyavāymaṇi, the wife of Paḻuvūr Nakkaṉ alias Vikramaśōḻa Mārāyar who built this temple in stone.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv32p2i0123.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is dated in the 8th year of Sakalabhuvanachakravartin Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva and records a gift of 128 cows by Śeṅganivā[yaṉ] Śōḻakōn of Araśūr and a mudali of Āḷappiṟa[ndān] Āḻagiyaśīyaṉ Kōpperuñjiṅga, for burning 4 perpetual lamps before the god at Tirumudukuṉṟam in Paruvūr-kūṟṟam, a subdivision of Mēṟkā-nāḍu Iruṅgōḷappāḍi-nāḍu in Vaḍagarai Virudarājabhayaṅkara-vaḷanāḍu.
The date of the record, according to the astronomical details given, was either A.D. 1240, Jan. 11, Wednesday, or A.D. 1251, January 11, Wednesday. In both cases the nakshatra was Makhā, not Punarpūśam as quoted in the inscription. Since the donor is stated to have been a mudali of Aḻagiyaśīyaṉ Kōpperuñjiṅga, the date of the inscription was probably A.D. 1240.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0123.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: On the west wall, central shrine, Gaṅgājaṭādhara temple.
Year 13: 984 A.D.
Records a gift of ninety six sheep for burning a perpetual lamp by Siṅgapanmaṉ Kañchi Akkan, the wife of Ambalavaṉ Paḻuvūr Nakkaṉ alias Vikramachōḻamārāyar, a native of Kuvaḷālam, who had got the stone temple constructed. The perpetual lamp was apparently meant to be burnt in the main shrine of the temple (built by the donor’s husband Ambalavaṉ Paḻuvūr Nakkaṉ).
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv32p2i0124.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is left unfinished towards the end. It records the endowment of lands got tax-free after purchase in the village Periyavāṉavaṉmādēvichaturvēdimaṅgalam, a brahmadēya on the northern bank (of the river), by Ambalavaṉ Paḻuvūr Nakkaṉ alias Rājarāja-Pallavaraiyaṉ, to provide for the several requirements in connection with the daily worship and offerings to the deity and on special days of the year, in the temple of Śrī Vijayamaṅgalat[tu*]-Dēvar. The value in paddy of each item of expenditure is given for estimating the total annual requirement of the temple to be met from the produce of the lands. The donor figures largely in the records of Uttama-Chōḷa as an officer of the king with the title Vikramasōḻa; and he is surmised to have been held in high esteem under Rājarāja I also as evidenced by his new title Rājarāja-Pallavaraiyaṉ (M.E.R. 1929, II. 29).
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0124.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This important record, dated in the 10th year, is unfortunately damaged and left unfinished. It refers to a battle that was fought at Perumbalūr (probably Perambalūr in the Trichinopoly district) wherein Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva is said to have defeated and killed some Hoysaḷa generals of whom the names of Kēśava, Harihara and Tīkkāṉaip-perumāḷ are legible in the record, and also to have captured their ladies and treasures. In expiation of this act Avaṉiāḷappiṟandāṉ alias Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva of Kūḍal in Kīḻ-Āmūr-nāḍu, a subdivision of Tirumuṉaippāḍi, made a gift of a gold forehead-plate called ‘Avaṉi-āḷappiṟandāṉ’ set with jewels for the god Tirumudukuṉṟamuḍaiya-Nāyaṉār and of cows for the maintenance of sacred lamps in the temple.
The Hoysaḷa general Kēśava is probably identical with the officer of the same name figuring in a record of the 24th year of Rājarāja III at Conjeeveram.1
In the astronomical details given, śu must be a mistake for ba, for the former cannot combine with nakshatra Rēvatī in the month of Siṁha. There is not corresponding Christian date in the reign of Kōpperuñjiṅga II for the details given, but they work satisfactorily for A.D. 1241, July 29, Monday. This date falls in the reign of Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva I, assuming that, as suggested elsewhere,2 this chief commenced his regnal year from A.D. 1231-32, the date of the imprisonment of the Chōḷa king Rājarāja III at Śēndamaṅgalam. The present record would then belong to Kōpperuñjiṅga I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0124.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is stated to be a copy of an old inscription. It records an agreement by the sabhā of Tirukkōḍikā alias Kaṇṇamaṅgalam in Nallāṟṟūr-nāḍu on the northern bank (of the river), to make immune from all taxes, a piece of land sold by them to a resident of the village by name Āttiraiyaṉ Kiḻavaṉ Kōḍikāvaṉ who endowed it to the temple of Mahādēva as meḻukkuppuṟam, i.e., for the maintenance of a servant for cleaning the premises.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0125.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is a set of six verses in Tamil in the Kaṭṭaḷaikkalittuṟai metre praising the greatness of Pallavāṇḍār alias Kāḍavarāyar ‘who conquered Toṇḍai-maṇḍalam’ and who was the son of Kūḍal Āḷappiṟandāṉ alias Kāḍavarāyar. He is called Pallavaṉ, Kāḍavar-kōṉ, Kūḍal-maṉṉavar and one of the verses alludes to the battle at Śēvūr, probably identical with Mēl-Śēvūr in the Tindivanam taluk of the South Arcot district, where he slew a large number of his enemies and ‘created mountains of dead bodies and swelling rivers of blood’. His opponent on the battle-field at Śēvūr is not specified, but the result was the conquest of Toṇḍai-nāḍu which included Peṇṇai-nāḍu, Vaḍa-Vēṅgaḍam and Kachchi ‘surrounded by the sea’. That Pallavāṇḍār also defeated the northern powers is indicated by a verse stating that the ‘northern kings who did not come and make obeisance to the Kāḍava, could not find even a hill or a forest to which they could flee for refuge’.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0125.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an endowment of 30 kaḻañju of gold by Vēḷāṉ Tiruveṇkāḍaḍigaḷ alias Mūvēnda-Piḍavūr-Vēḷāṉ of Piḍavūr in Piḍavūr-nāḍu for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple of Tiruchchōṟṟuttuṟai-Mahādēva. The ūrkiḻār-makkaḷ of Koḍiyālam, the brahmadēya-kiḻavargaḷ and the ūrār of the village, held themselves responsible for the maintenance of the lamp. Evidently the same gift is recorded in No. 137 of 1931 also in Sanskrit, the text of which is given below. To judge from its writing and disposition with regard to No. 138 of 1931 of the 13th year of Parāntaka I, this is possibly a record of Gaṇḍarāditya.
Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0126.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription records in Tamil and Sanskrit the benefactions of the chief Sakalabhuvanachakravartti Kāḍavaṉ Avaṉiāḷappiṟandāṉ Kōpperuñjiṅga. He is called Bhūpālanōdbhava,1 Kāṭhakavaṁśa-mauktika-maṇi and the conqueror of the Āndhra and the Karṇāṭa kings. The record states that the chief constructed a temple for Hēramba-Gaṇapati on the banks of the tank at Tribhuvanamādēvī and that he repaired the embankments, sluices and irrigation channels of the tank which had breached in several places.
Since the inscription refers to the conquest of the Chōḷa (country), Madhyamamahī (i.e., Naḍu-nāḍu) and Tuṇḍiradēśa (i.e. Toṇḍai-maṇḍalam) by the chief, he may be identified with Kōpperuñjiṅga I.
Hēramba-Gaṇapati is generally represented with five elephant heads, 10 arms and as riding on a lion. [An early sculpture of this deity is found in a rock-cut temple at Tirupparaṅkuṉṟam near Madura-Ed.]
Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0126.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription consists of a single Tamil verse in the Kaṭṭaḷaikkalittuṟai metre praising Pallavāṇḍār alias Vīrarvīraṉ-Kāḍavarāyar, ‘who conquered Toṇḍai-maṇḍalam’ and who was the son of Kūḍal-Āḷappiṟandār. The same verse is also found as the third verse in the Atti record of Pallavāṇḍār alias Kāḍavarāyar (No. 125 above) and thus establishes that both the Atti and Mōrijona inscriptions belong to the same chief.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0127.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is built in at the beginning of the lines. It records an endowment of a land for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple of Tirukkarapuradēva at Kaḷakkāṭṭūr (Mānāmadi) by a resident of the village.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0127.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription consists of 5 Tamil verses addressed to Sakalabhuvanachakravarttin Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva, surnamed Aḻagiyaśīyaṉ who is said, in the preliminary prose passage, to have defeated the Chōḷa king at Teḷḷāṟu and to have taken possession of his country after depriving his adversary of all his royal insignia and imprisoning him with his ministers. In the body of the record, Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva is called Avaninārāyaṇa, patron of Tamil, Kāḍava, Toṇḍaimaṉṉavaṉ, Nṛipatuṅga, Tribhuvanatti-Rājākkaḷ-Tambirāṉ, Mallaivēndaṉ, etc. The verses extol his prowess, fame, victory over the Chōḷas, Pāṇḍyas and the Kannaḍas and his abiding devotion to the god at Chidambaram.
Teḷḷāṟu may be identified with the village of the same name in the Wandiwash taluk of the North Arcot district. In one record,1 this village is included in Siṁhaporuda-vaḷanāḍu (i.e.,) the Vaḷanāḍu where Siṁha, probably Kōpperuñjiṅga, fought.
Language: Undetermined.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0128.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is damaged. It seems to record an allocation of paddy from certain fields, to provide for offerings daily during the midday service in the temple of Bhuvanaviṭaṅkadēva at Tirumaṟaikkāḍu, and for (special) offerings to the deity on the festival days in the months of Aippigai and Māśi. Mention is made of Tirumaṟaikkāḍaṉ Śokkaṉ alias Śōḻiyaṅga . . . . probably a donor.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0128.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription states that Kōpperuñjiṅgadēva who is called Aḻagiya-Pallavar alias Vīrapratāpar, after imprisoning the Hoysaḷas and levying tribute from the Pāṇḍyas, proceeded to the Chōḷa country along the southern bank of the Kāvērī. Proceeding due east, he worshipped at all the sacred shrines, repaired temples and remitted all the taxes on temple lands. While camping during this march at a village, probably Ākkūr itself, in Jayaṅgoṇḍaśōḻa-vaḷanāḍu, he found that the tenants had ‘migrated as far as the Ganges’ leaving the lands waste. Sympathising with their position, he remitted the arrears of taxes due from them, restored their original holdings and invited the emigrants to settle on their original lands.
The present inscription is probably connected with No. 124 above. Since the defeat of the Hoysaḷas is also referred to here, this record may be assigned to Kōpperuñjiṅga 1. The defeat of the Pāṇḍyas claimed in this record could not have taken place after the accession of the powerful Pāṇḍya sovereign Jaṭāvarman Sundara-Pāṇḍya I in A.D. 1251.
It may be pointed out here that Kōpperuñjiṅga’s fortifications built on the north bank of the river Kāvērī against his enemies the Hoysaḷas are referred to in a record from Tiruveṇkāḍu.1
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0129.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is left unfinished, and stops with the mention of Paḍuvūrkōṭṭam.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0129.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is dated in the year opposite to the fourth of some king whose name is not given in it. It registers a gift of money made by the Pallava king Nandippōttaraiyar who fought and won the battle of Teḷḷāṟu, for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple of Mahādēva at Tiruttavattuṟai in Iḍaiyāṟṟu-nāḍu. The amount was received by the members of the assembly of Nallimaṅgalam who bound themselves to bring to the temple and measure out daily (one) nāḻi of ghee.
As the other record (No. 12-B) engraved close to this and dated in a similar way belongs to Māṟañjaḍaiyaṉ alias Varaguṇa-mahārāja, this may be also assigned to the same king.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv14p1i0012A.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: King: Tribhuvanachakravartin Jaṭilavarman Parākrama Pāṇḍyadēva Year 30: Tai 9 śu. di. 13 Wednesday, Tiruvādirai = 1452 A.D. January 5.
This records an agreement by the ūravargaḷ and the nāṭṭavargaḷ to provide for the worship of the god Viśvanātha at the temple in Teṉkāśi, in Teṉvāri-nāḍu, half koṭṭai per mā for the standing crops in the nāḍus, i.e. Teṉvāri-nāḍu, Vaḍavāri-nāḍu, and Kuṟṟiḷamai-nāḍu and they agreed to supply the same.
The accountant of the nāḍu figures as the signatory of the record.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv38p0i0012.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is damaged. It seems to record an endowment of an areca garden to the temple of Śaṁbarēśvara at Nālūr in Śēṟṟūr-kūṟṟam. This seems to be a record of Rājarāja I because of the close resemblance of its writing to that of a fragment of Rājēndra Chōḷa I immediately below.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0012.
Emmanuel Francis.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv06p0i0012.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record dated in the 9th year opposite to the 4th year of king Māṟañjaḍaiyaṉ is important in that it contains a few astronomical details of its date, which are capable of verification, namely, Vṛiśchika, Monday, Aśvati. These have been calculated to yield the English equivalent—A.D. 824, November 7, Monday,1 thus giving A.D. 811, as the initial date of this Pāṇḍya king. This king is referred to as Pāṇḍi-Mahārāja in line 5 and he has been identified with Varaguṇa I. This inscription registers a gift of 120 kaḻañju of gold by the king, left in the hands of Aṇḍanāṭṭu-vēḷāṉ, for burning two perpetual lamps in the temple of Tiruvāṉaikkaṟ-Perumāṉaḍigaḷ.
The rock-cut cave at Tiruveḷḷaṟai contains a Śiva-liṅga in the main cell, herein called Tiruvāṉaikkaṟ-Perumāṉaḍigaḷ, and an image of Vishṇu in an adjoining cell. The rock-cut cave-temple may date from the time of the late Pallavas, as records of Dantivarmaṉ and Nandivarmaṉ are found engraved on the rock in front of the cave and in the village.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv14p1i0012.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This record of Māṟañjaḍaiyaṉ alias Pāṇḍyakulapati Varaguṇa Mahārāja registers the gift of 120 kāśu by the king for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple of Mahādēva at Tiruttavattuṟai in uḍaiyāṟṟu-nāḍu. The king is stated to have transmitted the gift through a certain Aṇḍanāṭṭu-Vēḷāṉ and the money was received by the assembly of Iḷamperuṅkāyirukkai in Iḍaiyāṟṟu-nāḍu who agreed to supply one nāḻi of ghee for burning the lamp.
The inscription is dated in the year 4+9 of the king’s reign and the details of date, viz., Dhanus, Śadaiyam (Śatabhishaj), and Tuesday have been equated with 824 A.D. November 29, and the king is identified with Varaguṇa I.1
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv14p1i0012B.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is a fragmentary verse inscription identical with the first verse in No. 125 above from Atti in praise of Pallavāṇḍār alias Kāḍavarāyar, (the son of) Ēḻiśaimōgaṉ Āḷappiṟandāṉ of Kūḍal.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv12p0i0130.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: [Note.—Letters enclosed in square brackets are doubtful on the stone. Those enclosed in round brackets are superfluous and must be omitted. Those in brackets with asterisks are inserted by the editor. The gaps are represented by dots but not always by as many dots as the number of lost or damaged letters.]
Language: Sanskrit.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv04p0i0130.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription registers a gift of 90 sheep for burning a lamp in the temple of Kīrttimā[r*]ttāṇḍa-Kāḷap[ri*]yadēva by Śambakkaṉ, son of Pandippāraṉ Kumara-Śeṭṭi, a merchant of Kīrttimā[r*]ttāṇḍa-Kāḷap[ri*]yam village in Siṟutimiri-nāḍu, a district in Paḍuvūr-kōṭṭam. The late Mr. V.Venkayya surmised that the temple might have owed its origin to the Rāshṭrakūṭa king Kṛishṇa III in whose Karhāḍ inscription (Epigraphia Indica, Vol. IV, p. 281), the king is stated to have encamped at Mēlpāḍi for constructing temples to Kālapriya, Gaṇḍamārttāṇḍa, Kṛishṇēśvara and others (M.E.R. 1906, II. 21). The Rājakēsarivarman of this inscription was very probably Sundara-Chōḷa.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0130.