Texts
Texts database last updated .
This interface allows you to look for texts in the DHARMA collection. The search form below can be used for filtering results. Matching is case-insensitive, does not take diacritics into account, and looks for substrings instead of terms. For instance, the query edit matches "edition" or "meditation". To look for a phrase, surround it with double quotes, as in "old javanese". Searching for strings that contain less than three characters is not possible.
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Documents 3701–3750 of 6300 total.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is damaged. It seems to record a gift of sheep for a lamp in the temple of Tiruchchōṟṟuttuṟai-Uḍaiyār.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0349.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription records both in Sanskrit and in Tamil the provision made for burning a lamp in the temple of Perumānaḍigaḷ Kamsāri, i.e., Kṛishṇa, in the Sanskrit portion) at Gōvindapāḍi by a Veḷḷāḷa resident of Kuḷakkuḍi in Piḍavūr-nāḍu, a subdivision of Iruṅgōḷapāḍi. This is engraved almost as a continuation of, and in the same script as No. 311 of 1906 of the 34th year of Parāntaka I.
Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0034.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is damaged. It registers a gift of 25 kaḻañju of gold for a perpetual lamp (in the temple) by a certain Kāri Śē . . . . the son of Dēvaṉār of the village.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0350.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription is damaged. It records an endowment of 20 kaḻañju of gold for a perpetual lamp in the temple of Tiruchōṟṟuttuṟai by Tribhuvanamādēvi Vayiriyakkaṉār the Chōḷa queen and the daughter (?) of Kāḍupaṭṭigaḷ Tamarmēttiyār (see No. 304 above). Kāḍupaṭṭigaḷ seems to refer to a Pallava chief of the period. This is a record of Āditya I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0351.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is a mere fragment of an inscription which should have recorded an endowment for a lamp in the temple.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0352.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an endowment of lands made after purchase by a certain Kūttappirāṉ-Bhaṭṭaṉ of Ādaṉūr for the requirements of worship and offerings in the temple, which are specified in detail. The alphabet of this record is similar to that of No. 170 of 1907 of Vikrama-Chōḷa, and the style of wording is also comparatively late, and hence this may be ascribed to the reign of Kulōttuṅga-Chōḷa I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0035.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is damaged. It records a gift of land by a certain Kaviṇiyaṉ Kīrttimā[r*]ttāṇḍa-Brahmādharājaṉ alias Śe . . . Kuñjaramallaṉ for an offering to the deity during the early morning service in the temple of Uḍaitalaipperumāḷ of the village. Mention is made of two fields, one called Kuñjaramalla-Vayakkal and the other Vēḷkula-Bhīma-Vayakkal. By Vēḷkula-Bhīma is perhaps meant the Eastern Chāḷukya Bhīma II; more probably it might be a title of Parāntaka I assumed after his overthrow of Śīṭpuli (-nāḍu ?) in Nellore which formed part of the Eastern Chālukya dominion (M.E.R. 1913, p. 94). Kirttimārttāṇḍa was a probable surname of the Rāshṭrakūṭa king Kṛishṇa III. (M.E.R. 1936-37, para 20). This should be a record of Gaṇḍarāditya.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0036.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is an incomplete inscription recording probably some gift of land.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0037.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription records an endowment of 6 Karuṅkāśu (the same as Īḻakkāśu ?) entrusted with the Śēṉaiyār (Military body) of the place, for the daily supply of two tender cocoanuts for offering after the midday worship, to god Mahādēva of the Mūlasthāna at Tiruviḍaimarudil in Tiraimūr-nāḍu on the southern bank (of the river); by Karuttaṉ Śāttaṉ of Ariśāttaṉūr in Kāṉa-nāḍu, who calls himself an agent of the chief of Kiḻār-nāḍu (or ‘of Nāṭṭukkōṉār, the kiḻār i.e. the elder’ of the place ?).
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0038.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is damaged. It registers a gift of land made tax-free after purchase, by Siddhavaḍavaṉ Śūṭṭiyār, a queen of Uttama-Chōḷa and daughter of a Milāḍu chief (name not given), to provide for 108 pots of water for the sacred bath on the day of saṅkrānti every month, of the god (Paramasvāmi) at Tiruviśalūr in Amaṉinārāyaṇa-chaturvēdimaṅgalam on the northern bank (of the Kāvēri). This is evidently a record of Rājarāja I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0039.
Emmanuel Francis.
Language: Sanskrit.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv01p0i0033.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This inscription gives a list of the several tax-free temple lands with their incomes specifically allocated for the various requirements (of the temple) at the instance of Araiyar Āchārakānta-Brahmādhirāja to the Mūlaparishad of Mahēndramaṅgalam, who had this re-engraved on stone after collecting the necessary information, by appointing a committee (vārigam) for that purpose. Incidentally we learn that provision was made for the playing of music during the śrībali service by seven persons, three for mattaḷi, one for karaḍigai, one for tāḷam, one for paḍagam and one for śēgaṇḍigai. The characters of the record and its style seem to point to the time of Rājarāja I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0003.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is an unfinished inscription which refers to Pirāntakaṉ Mādēvaḍigaḻ, the mother of Uttama-Chōḷa, as making a similar endowment as in No. 39 above for the sacred bath of god Tiruviśalūr-Paramasvāmi at Avaṉinārāyaṇa-chaturvēdimaṅgalam. This is also evidently a record of Rājarāja I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0040.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is engraved below No. 378 of 1909 of Vikrama-Chōḷa and in similar characters. It is obviously a copy of an early inscription as the temple is known to have been renovated in the reign of Kulōttuṅga I by one of his officers, when all the earlier inscriptions should have been reproduced on the new walls (M.E.R. 1910, para 24). It records an endowment of sheep for a lamp to the temple of Tiruppulippagavar by a chief. Siddavaḍavaṉ of Malāḍu.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0041.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription registers an endowment of land after reclamation, which was left in charge of the sthānikas of the temple, by a certain . . . . midāyaṉ Varadaṉ alias Arumuṉaikaṇḍa-Perunāyaṉ for offerings of rice twice a day to the image of Lōkasundara set up in the temple of the god at Tiruneḍuṅgaḷam in Kaviranāḍu by Mōśi Oṟṟiyūraṉ Kūttaṉ-Pirāṉ of Tiruvāṉaikkāval, who was probably a relation (father ?) of the donor.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0042.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an agreement given by the sabhā of Māḍambākkam (s. a. Māḍambākkam in the Saidapet taluk) alias Aṇidīra-maṅgalam in Neḍuṅguṉṟa-nāḍu, a subdivision of Puliyūr-kōṭṭam, to pay as interest every year on 15 kaḻañju of gold received by them from Nakkaṉ Pirāntakaṉ alias Brahmaśrīrājan, a resident of Alaiyūr in Poygai-nāḍu of Śōṇāḍu, ninety nāḻi of oil calculated at one uḻakku per day, for a perpetual lamp in the temple at Tiruviḍavandai, a dēvadāna in Paḍuvūr-nāḍu a sub-division of Āmūr-kōṭṭam. In default the sabhā made itself liable for a fine of 8 1/4 kāṇam a day to be paid to the Dharmāsana and for a levy of a maṉṟupāḍu tax of a mañjāḍi a day to the then reigning king. The sabhā of Tiruviḍavandai through its Tiruvuṇṇāḻigai-vāriyap-perumakkaḷ (temple-committee) held itself responsible for the collection of this oil and for burning the lamp.
Alaiyūr in Poygai-nāḍu may be identified with Allūr in the Tanjore taluk, since Tillaisthānam in the same taluk (No. 47 below) was also like Alaiyūr in Poygai-nāḍu.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0043.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a sale of a quarter portion (or vēli ?) of land (kāṟchey) by the Mūlaparishad of Tirukkuḍamukkil, a dēvadāna in Pāmbūr-nāḍu on the northern bank (of the Kāvēri), to a certain Arayaṉ Kalaṅgāmalai, a Veḷḷāḷa resident of Tañjāvūr who endowed it to the temple of Tirukkīḻkōṭṭattu-Paramasvāmin for the daily feeding of a Śivāyōgi in the temple. The land is said to have formed part of 4 vēli which the assembly had received as abhishēka-dakshiṇai (from the king).
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0044.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of 90 sheep for a perpetual lamp in the temple of Paramasvāmi of Kīḻkōṭṭam, by Kumaraṉ Tūdu[va]ṉ, a Kaikkōḷa resident of Tañjavūr who was a member of the Vīraśōḻa-teriñja-Kaikkōḷar (community or regiment). They were left in charge of two shepherds who were to supply 7 nāḻi and 1 uri of ghee every month for the purpose. Vīraśōḻa was a surname of king Parāntaka I and the inscription might therefore be referred to Gaṇḍarāditya, his immediate successor.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0045.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is damaged. It seems to register a sale of 10 vēli of land, including a portion situated at Ariśalūr which had been granted to the Mūlaparaḍaip-perumakkaḷ of Tirukkuḍamukkil (by the king) as abhishēka-dakshiṇai, to the temple of Tirukkīḻkōṭṭattu-[Parama]svāmi in return for 1500 kaḻañju. It refers to a fine of 3000 kaḻañju received by Madirai-koṇḍa-Uḍaiyār (Parāntaka I) and to the Pāṇḍippaḍaiyār (regiment). Mention is also made of (a temple of) Jalaśayana. This might be a record of Gaṇḍarāditya.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0046.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is an unfinished inscription in which two persons are mentioned evidently as donors to the temple of Mahādēva at Tiruneyttānam, a dēvadāna of Kīḻpilāṟu in Poygai-nāḍu. One of them, Kūttan Nikaḷaṅkaṉ, is said to have belonged to the regiment called Samarakēsarit-teriñja-Kaikkōḷar and the other, Villi Tāda . . to Vikramasiṅgat-teriñja-Kaikkōḷar. These regiments might have derived their names from possible titles of Parāntaka I, and hence the record might be assigned to Gaṇḍarāditya.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0047.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is another unfinished inscription mentioning a gift to the same temple on behalf of Mallaṉ Araiyaṉ of the Samarakēsarit-teriñja-Kaikkōḷar (community or regiment ?). This is also probably a record of Gaṇḍarāditya like the inscription above.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0048.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an endowment of 7 mā of land to provide for the daily offering of rice to the deity in the temple of Śiṟu-Tirukkōyil-Perumānaḍigaḷ at Uṟumūr in Nalvayalūr-kūṟṟam by Āritaṉ Kaṇṇaṉ Kaṇṇaṉ of the village. The local sabhā undertook to maintain this gift.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0049.
Emmanuel Francis.
Language: Sanskrit.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv01p0i0034.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription records an agreement given by the Mūlaparishad of Tiruveḷḷaṟai to burn a perpetual lamp in the temple of Tiruvāṉaikkallil-Bhaṭṭārakar with the interest on 25 kaḻañju of gold endowed by Marudan Āchchan of Śaṅkarappāḍi, (a hamlet of) Tiruveḷḷaṟai.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0004.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The middle portion of the inscription is built in. This registers a joint sale of some land by the Peruṅguṟi-sabhā of Śrīkaṇṭha-chaturvēdimaṅgalam and the Ūrār of Eṟumbiyūr between whom the boundary of the land is said to have been a matter of dispute, to a certain Vīranārāyaṇaṉ Śembiyaṉ Vēdivēḷār of Śiṟudavūr in Kiḷiyūr-nāḍu. They agreed to pay the taxes iṟai, echchōṟu and veṭṭivēdinai due on the land for a lump sum of gold received by them in addition to the sale amount, and also agreed to give the necessary supply of water for irrigation of the land from the tank at Śrīkaṇṭha-chaturvēdimaṅgalam. The land was endowed to the temple by the purchaser for the maintenance of four persons singing the tiruppadiyam (before the god). The donor is known from No. 51 below to have built the Śrīvimāna of this temple.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0050.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription registers another sale of land, made tax-free, at Śrīkaṇṭha-chaturvēdimaṅgalam by the assembly (Peruṅguri-sabhai) of the village to Vēḷāṉ Vīranāraṇaṉ alias Śembiyaṉ Vēdivēḷār of Śīṟudavūr who is stated to have constructed the Śrīvimāna to (god) Tiruveṟumbiyūr-Āḻvār. This person, after paying the cost of the land as well as a lump sum towards its tax-exemption, and also redeeming it from a certain resident of the village named Māppāni Kāri Nakkaṉ in whose charge the land had been left by the assembly (evidently in mortgage), endowed the land for the maintenance of four persons who were to sing the Tiruppadiyam hymns to the accompaniment of uḍukkai and tāḷam daily during the three services in the temple. The donor is also said to have added to this land, another piece which had been the object of a boundary dispute (sīmā-vivādam) between the residents of Śrīkaṇṭhachaturvēdimaṅgalam and Tiruveṟumbiyūr, and which he had purchased from both the parties (See No. 50 above). The inscription refers to a channel dug by the donor. This is evidently the one mentioned in No. 50 above.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0051.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an assignment of 8 mā of land, which had been given by king Uttama-Chōḷa as dēvadāna to the temple of Tirumudukuṉṟam-Uḍaiyār at Neṟkuppai in Paruvūr-kūṟṟam of Iruṅgōḷappāḍi, by the residents of the village to a certain Pāradāyaṉ Kumaranārāyaṇa-Bhaṭṭaṉ for the supply of sandal-paste and incense powder for the daily use of the deity, and for the ingredients of sacred bath on the days of Saṅkrānti. The record seems to belong to Rājarāja I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0052.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: A gift of gold chāmara made to god [Tiru]vaiyāṟuḍaiyār by Pañchavanmādēvi, queen of Mummuḍi-Chō[ḷa] (Rājarāja I).
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0053.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an endowment of 96 sheep for a perpetual lamp in the temple of Śrī Kailāyāttu-Paramasvāmi at Ulōgamādēvipuram, a taṉiyūr in Ōymā-nāḍu, by Ambalavaṉ Gaṇḍarādittanār, a noble-man of the king, who is stated to have also built the temple with stone. The name of the village was evidently derived from Lōkamahādēvi, a queen of Rājarāja I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0054.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an undertaking backed with a security in land, given by two servants of the temple to make an offering of flaked rice to god Gaṇapati in the temple at Punalvāyil on the day of Ārudrā in Mārgaḻi month, with the money endowed for the purpose and left in their charge by a certain Śēndaṉ Vēḷāḷa-Piḷḷaiyār of Kumbaḷḷumbūr in Ōymā-nāḍu, a subdivision of Toṇḍai-nāḍu.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0055.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: A gift of 13(1/2) kaḻañju of gold for a perpetual lamp in the temple by Ariśu-Kāḍi, a Veḷḷāḷa woman resident of Śiṟukaḍambūr in Viḷattūr-nāḍu.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0056.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: A gift of 13(1/2) kaḻañju of gold for a perpetual lamp in the temple by Muppirāl Śṛīkṛishṇa-Kramavittaṉ of Paṇḍitavatsalachēri (quarter). Paṇḍitavatsala was a well-known title of Parāntaka I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0057.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: An undertaking by a group of shepherds (Maṉṟāḍikalanai) to supply an ōḻākku of ghee to the temple every day for lamp, in return for 6 3/4 kaḻañju of gold, of which 5 kaḻañju was received from Puliyaṉ Tāḻi, wife of Śaṅkarappāḍiyāṉ Periyāṉ, a resident of Kaḍambūr, and the balance from the temple.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0058.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: A gift of 15 1/2 kaḻañju of gold for burning a perpetual lamp in the temple by Jātavēda-Bhaṭṭa, son of Aṭṭāmpuṟattu Veṇṇaya-Bhaṭṭa residing at Paṇḍitavatsalachchēri (quarter), so called evidently after the title of Parāntaka I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0059.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The subjoined five grants belong to the kings Narendra-mṛigarāja or Vijayāditya II, Amma I. or Vishṇuvardhana VI, Chālukya-Bhīma II. or Vishṇuvardhana VII, Amma II. or Vijayāditya V. and Vīra-Choḍa or Vishṇuvardhana IX. The place, which is occupied by each of these princes in the genealogy of the Eastern Chalukya dynasty, will be seen from the annexed table, for which all hitherto published Eastern Chalukya grants have been consulted, and in which numbers are prefixed to the names of those princes who really reigned, in order to mark their succession.1
The relation of the two usurpers (18) Tālapa and (21) Yuddhamalla to the direct line of the family is established by three inscriptions:—a. Tāḍapa is called the son of Vikramāditya’s brother (Ind. Ant. Vol. XIV. p. 56); b. Tāla is called the son of Yuddhamalla, who was the paternal uncle of Chālukya-Bhīma I. (Ind. Ant. Vol. XIII, p. 249, where pitṛivya has to be read for pitṛivyo); c. Bhīma II, the son of Kollabhigaṇḍa Vijayāditya, is at the same time called the son of Yuddhamalla, the son of Tālapa, i.e., he belonged to the next generation after (21) Yuddhamalla (Ind. Ant. Vol. XII, p. 92).
Three of the last kings, who are shown in the annexed table, viz., (28) Vijayāditya VI, (29) Rājarāja II. and (30) Vīra-Choḍa, are only known from the subjoined inscription No. 39.
This grant belongs to the Sir W. Elliot Collection of the British Museum, and was made over to me for publication by Dr. Burgess. It consists of five copper-plates with raised rims. Each plate measures 9 by 3 inches. The first and fifth plates are inscribed only on their inner sides, while the three middle ones bear writing on both sides. The preservation of the plates is tolerably good. They are strung on an elliptic ring, which is (1/2)" thick and 4(7/8)" by 3(1/2)" in diameter. The well-preserved circular seal, which is attached to the ring, measures 2(5/8)" in diameter. It bears the sun and the moon at the top, the legend śrītribhuvanāṁkuśa across the centre, and an expanded lotus-flower (side-view) at the bottom—all in relief on a counter-sunk surface.
The document is a grant of the parama-māheśvara Narendra-mṛigarāja, alias Vijayāditya II., the son of Vishṇuvardhana IV. and grandson of Vijayāditya I. The name of the district (vishaya), to the inhabitants of which the king addresses his order, is lost. On the occasion of a lunar eclipse (chandra-grahaṇa-nimitte2) the king gave the village of Koṟṟapaṟṟu to twenty-four brāhmaṇas. Of these, six adhered to the Hiraṇyakeśi-sūtra and eighteen to the Āpastamba-sūtra. They belonged to the following gotṛas:—Agniveśya, Kauṇḍinya, Kauśika, Gautama, Parāśara, Bhāradvāja, Vatsa, Śāṇḍilya, Saṁkṛiti and Harita. According to the colophon of the grant, “the excellent prince Nṛipa-Rudra, who was the brother of Narendra-mṛigarāja and a descendant of the Haihaya-vaṁśa (!), (was) the executor of this charity.”3
[[genealogical table:]] PEDIGREE OF THE EASTERN CHALUKYA DYNASTY. [C1]Kīrtivarman (until Śaka 489). [C1]Satyāśraya Vallabha (from Śaka 532 until at least 556).4 [C2]1. Kubja Vishṇuvardhana I. Vishamasiddhi5 (18 years; cir. Śaka 526-27 to cir. 544-45). [C1]2. Jayasiṁha I. Vallabha (33 years; cir. Śaka 544-45 to cir. 577-78).6 [C2]3. Indra Bhaṭṭāraka.7 [C1]4. Vishṇuvardhana II. (9 years; cir. Śaka 577-78 to cir. 586-87.) [C1]5. Maṅgi-yuvarāja (25 years; cir. Śaka 586-87 to cir. 611-12). [C1]6. Jayasiṁha II. (13 years; cir. Śaka 611-12 to cir. 624-25.) [C2]7. Kokkili (6 months; cir. Śaka 625). [C3]8. Vishṇuvardhana III. (37 years; cir. Śaka 625 to cir. 662.) [C1]9. Vijayāditya I. Bhaṭṭāraka (18 years; cir. Śaka 662 to cir. 680). [C1]10. Vishṇuvardhana IV. (36 years; cir. Śaka 680 to cir. 716.) [C1]11. Vijayāditya II. Narendra-mṛigarāja (48 years; cir. Śaka 716 to cir. 764).8 [C1]12. Kali Vishṇuvardhana V. (1(1/2) years; cir. Śaka 764 to cir. 765-66.) [C1]13. Guṇaga, Guṇagāṅka or Guṇakenalla Vijayāditya III. (44 years; cir. Śaka 765-66 to cir. 809-10.) [C2]Yuvarāja Vikramāditya. [C3]Yuddhamalla. [C1]14. Chālukya-Bhīma I. Drohārjuna (30 years; cir. Śaka 809-10 to cir. 839-40.) [C1]15. Kollabhigaṇḍa, Kollabigaṇḍa or Kaliyarttyaṅka Vijayāditya IV. (6 months; cir. Śaka 840.) [C1]16. Amma I. Vishṇuvardhana VI. Rājamahendra (7 years; cir. Śaka 840 to cir. 847). [C1]17. Vijayāditya.9 [C1]18. Tāha, Tāla, Tāḍapa, Tālapa or Tāḻapa (1 month; cir. Śaka 847). [C1]19. Vikramāditya (11 months or 1 year; cir. Śaka 847 to cir. 848). [C2]20. Bhīma.10 [C1]21. Yuddhamalla (7 years; cir. Śaka 848 to cir. 855).11 [C1]22. Chālukya-Bhīma II. Vishṇuvardhana VII. Gaṇḍamahendra, son of queen Meḻāmbā (12 years; cir. Śaka 855 to 867). [C1]23. Amma II. Vijayāditya V. son of queen Lokamahādevī, ascended the throne in Śaka 86712 and reigned 25 years (to cir. Śaka 892). [C1]24. Dānārṇava or Dāna-nṛipa (3 years; cir. Śaka 892 to cir. 895). [C1]25. Aftor an interregnum of 27 years,13 Śaktivarman or Chālukyachandra reigned 12 years; circa Śaka 925 to circa 937. [C2]26. Vimalāditya married Kūndavā, daughter of Rājarāja of the Sūrya-vaṁśa and younger sister of Rājendra-Choḍa (7 years; cir. Śaka 937 to 944). [C1]27. Rājarāja I. Vishṇuvardhana VIII. married Ammaṅga-devī, daughter of Rājendra-Choḍa of the Sūrya-vaṁśa, ascended the throne in Śaka 94414 and reigned 41 years (to Śaka 985). [C2]28. Vijayāditya VI. received the kingdom of Veṅgī from his nephew Rājendra-Choḍa and reigned 15 years (Śaka 985 to 1000). [C1]Rājendra-Choḍa, alias Kulottuṅga-Choḍa-deva I, Kulottuṅga-deva or Rājanārāyaṇa, Choḍa king, married Madhurāntakī, daughter of Rājendradeva of the Sūrya-vaṁśa, and reigned 49 years (Śaka 985 to 1034). [C1]Vikrama-Choḍa (15 years; Śaka 1034 to 1049). [C2]29. Rājarāja II. (1 year; Śaka 1000 to 1001.) [C3]30. Vīra-Choḍa Vishṇuvardhana IX. ascended the throne in Śaka 1001; a grant15 is dated in the 21st year of his reign (Śaka 1022). [C4]Four other sons. [C1]Kulottuṅga-Choḍa-deva II. was reigning in Śaka 1056.16
Language: Sanskrit.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv01p0i0035.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is fragmentary and damaged. It stops with the mention of the big (temple ?) at Tiruveḷḷaṟai.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0005.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of 12(1/2) kaḻañju of gold for a perpetual lamp in the temple of Tiruvanantēśvarattāḷvār by Tāyaṉ Vaḍugi, a lady of Vādavūr in Pāṇḍi-nāḍu. The date 3rd year, Karkaṭaka, Saturday, Tiruvādirai, corresponds to A.D. 951, July 5, though one or two more details would admit of sure verification. The record may be assigned to Gaṇḍarāditya.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0060.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an endowment of 19 vēli and odd of land for feeding 56 Brahmans in the temple, by Gaṅgaṉ Ambalavaṉ Gaṇḍarādittaṉ alias Mummuḍiśōḻa-Viḻupparaiyaṉ of Kuvaḷālam in Gaṅga Six Thousand (territory), who belonged to the perundaram of the king, and by two others for the merit of the former. Of this land 12 vēli is said to have been purchased from a certain . . . Sarvīśara Triṇētra Daśapuriya-Bhaṭṭaṉ who had himself purchased it from Uttama-Chōḷa. The record seems to belong to Rājarāja I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0061.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: A gift of 14 kaḻañju of gold for purchasing 96 sheep and a ram with which to maintain a perpetual lamp in the temple, by Nāgaṉ Śāttaṉ alias Paramēśvara-Perunāyakaṉ, a Veḷḷāḷa of Parakēsarichchēri (quarter) of the village.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0062.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: A gift of 96 sheep for a perpetual lamp in the temple at Tiruvāmāttūr, a dēvadāna in Vāvalūr-nāḍu to the west of Aruvā-nāḍu by Milāḍuḍaiyāṉ Rāmaṉ Siddhavaḍavaṉ alias Vikramaśōḻa-Milāḍuḍaiyāṉ of the Bhārggava-gōtra. This chief figures also in No. 7 of 1905 in the 5th year of Rājakēsarivarman from Kīḻūr in the same district, wherein he is stated to have married a Pāṇḍya princess. Vikrama is probably a title of Uttama-Chōḷa (M.E.R. 1929, II. 29). The inscription is evidently one of Rājarāja I.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0063.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is worn out in the middle portion. It seems to record an endowment of land as bhaṭṭavṛitti, made after its purchase from the assembly of Veṇkuḍi in Śeṇgāṭṭu-kōttam, by Parachakraṉ Rāmaśiyachcheṭṭi alias Dharmaśeṭṭi, a resident of the village.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0064.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This registers an endowment of 2 plots of land by a certain Āḻchchāṉṟāṉ Munnūṟṟuvapperumāṉ alias Śōḻavēl Ēṉādi, a resident of Tirukkaṇṇapuram (also called Śrīkṛishṇapuram), a dēvadāna and brahmadēya in Marugar-nāḍu, after purchasing them from a private individual and from the sabhā of the village.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0065.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records an endowment of one mā of land after purchasing it for 9 karuṅkāśu from a resident of Manōramachchēri, a quater of Iḷamaṅgalam in Rājakēsari-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, by a Veḷḷāḷa of the same village, for providing for the sacred bath of god Mahādēva at Tiruchchēlūr with water from the Kāvēri. The purchase is said to have been made in the name of another person before endowment.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0066.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of land after purchase, made tax-free by a payment in gold to the Mahāsabhā, by Rāmaṉ Kōṉaḍigaḷ alias Pañchavaṉ Pallavaraiyaṉ of Adhirājamaṅgalam in Vēdakkūr-nāḍu, for burning a lamp in the temple of Tiruchchēlūr-Paramēśvara. A channel called Āditya-vāykkāl and a road Naratoṅga-vadi are mentioned among the boundaries of this land.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0067.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records a gift of a mā of land by a certain Bālāśiriyaṉ Pūvattaṉ Śaṅkaraṉ of Puḷḷamaṅgalam, a resident of Naratoṅgachchēri (quarter) in Rājakēsari-chaturvēdimaṅgalam, to supplement the 5 mā endowed tax-free by the sabhā for (the maintenance of a person) supplying a pot of water daily from the Kāvēri for the sacred bath of the deity.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0068.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This records the remission of taxes due on a land belonging to the temple of Tirukkoḻambam-uḍaiya-Mahādēva, by the sabhā of Dūvēdimaṅgalam, a brahmadēya in Pērāvūr-nāḍu, in consideration of a lump sum of 14 kāśu received by them (evidently from the temple).
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0069.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The original of the subjoined inscription belongs to the Government Central Museum, Madras. According to Mr. Sewell,1 it “was found at the close of the year 1871 buried in the ground in a field in the village of Eḍeru near Ākiripalle in the Kistna District, 15 miles north-east of Bezvāḍa, a village belonging to the present Zamīndārī of Nūzivīḍu. The plates were presented to the Madras Museum by the then Zamīndār.” A rough transcript and paraphrase of the inscription were published by S. M. Naṭeśa Śāstrī.2 As the inscription deserves to be published more carefully owing to its bearing on a part of the history of the Eastern Chalukyas, I now edit it from the original plates, the use of which I owe to the kindness of Dr. E. Thurston, Superintendent, Government Central Museum.
The document is engraved on five copper-plates with raised rims, which are not less than (1/4) inch thick. Each plate measures 9(1/4) by 4(1/4) inches. The first and fifth plates are inscribed only on their inner sides, while the three middle ones bear writing on both sides. The characters are extremely elegant and must have been engraved by an accomplished calligraphist. The plates are strung on a slightly elliptic ring, which is (1/2) inch thick and measures about 5 inches in diameter. The well-cut circular seal, which is attached to the ring, rests on an expanded lotus-flower and measures 3(1/4) inches in diameter. It bears, at the top, a recumbent boar, which faces the right and is surmounted by the moon and the sun, two chāmaras, an elephant-goad and a symbol which I cannot make out; across the centre, the legend śrītribhuvanāṁkuśa; and at the bottom, an expanded lotus-flower (side-view),—all in relief, on a counter-sunk surface. Both the plates and the seal are in excellent preservation.
The inscription opens with a maṅgala, and then notices in prose and in verse the ancestors of the Eastern Chalukya king Amma I. Of the kings from Kubja-Vishṇuvardhana to Vishṇuvardhana IV. nothing but the names and the length of reigns is mentioned. The next king was Vijayāditya II., who is called Narendra-mṛigarāja in other inscriptions. He fought 108 battles during 12 years with the armies of the Gaṅgas and Raṭṭas, built 108 temples of Śiva in commemoration of his victories and ruled over Veṅgī for 44 years (verses 2 to 4). As Mr. Fleet has pointed out,3 “the Gaṅgas here referred to were mahāmaṇḍaleśvaras, feudatories of the Rāshṭrakūṭas, whose inscriptions are found in the Beḷgaum and Dhārwāḍ Districts.” The Raṭṭas mentioned in the grant were the Rāshṭrakūṭas themselves. If we deduct the sum of the reigns of the Eastern Chalukya kings from Kali-Vishṇuvardhana to Chālukya-Bhīma II. from the date of the accession of Amma II.—Śaka 8674—the accession of Kali-Vishṇuvardhana and the death of his predecessor Vijayāditya II. would fall in Śaka 764. Most inscriptions assign to the latter a reign of 48 years, two inscriptions a reign of 40 years,5 and the subjoined inscription a reign of 44 years. Accordingly, his accession would fall in Śaka 716, 724 or 720. Hence the war between Vijayāditya II. and the Raṭṭas—as suggested by Mr. Fleet—may have taken place during the reigns of the two Rāshṭrakūṭa kings Govinda III. and Śarva Amoghavarsha, who ruled at least from Śaka 7266 to 737 and from 7377 till at least 8008 respectively. As, in a grant of Śaka 730,9 the lord of Veṅgī is described as the servant of Govinda III., and as in a grant of Śaka 78910 it is stated, that Amoghavarsha was worshipped by the lord of Veṅgī, it seems that each party claimed the victory over the other. The fact, that Vijayāditya II. built 108 temples of Śiva, is also alluded to in two other inscriptions, where it is said, that he founded 108 temples of Narendreśvara, i.e., temples of Śiva called after his surname Narendra.11
Nothing of importance seems to have happened during the short reign of Kali-Vishṇuvardhana. His successor Vijayāditya III., who reigned from Śaka 765-66 to 80910, “having been challenged by the lord of the Raṭṭas, conquered the unequalled Gaṅgas, cut off the head of Maṅgi in battle, frightened the fire-brand Kṛishṇa and burnt his city completely” (verse 10.) The killing of Maṅgi and the burning of the city of Kṛishṇa is also reported in another inscription.12 The Kṛishṇa, whom Vijayāditya III. defeated, is probably identical with the lord of the Raṭṭas, who challenged him, and with the Rāshṭrakūṭa king Kṛishṇa II., whose earliest known date is Śaka 825.13
After the death of Vijayāditya III., the Rāshṭrakūṭas, as noticed by Mr. Fleet, seem to have been victorious; for his nephew Chalukya-Bhīma I., alias Drohārjuna, who ruled from Śaka 809-10 to 839-40, had to reconquer “the country of Veṅgī, which had been overrun by the army of the Raṭṭa claimants” (line 28f.) The length of the reign of Vijayāditya IV., the successor of Chalukya-Bhīma I., is not mentioned in the subjoined inscription; according to other grants he ruled six months.
There followed the king, who issued the grant, Amma I., alias Rājamahendra or Vishṇuvardhana VI. He, “having drawn his sword, which broke the dishonest hearts of his feudatory relatives, who had joined the party of his natural adversaries, won the affection of the subjects and of the army of his father (Vijayāditya IV.)” and of his grandfather (Chalukya-Bhīma I.)” (line 39 ff.) The natural adversaries of Amma I. were probably the Rāshṭrakūṭas under Prabhūtavarsha III., whose inscription is dated in Śaka 842.14
The grant proper, which takes up the remainder of the inscription, is an order, which Amma I. addressed to the inhabitants of the Kaṇḍeṟuvāḍi-vishaya, and by which he granted the village of Goṇṭūru15 together with twelve hamlets to Bhaṇḍanāditya, alias Kuntāditya, one of his military officers. The donee belonged to the Paṭṭavardhinīvaṁśa. His ancestor Kāḻakampa had been in the service of Kubja-Vishṇuvardhana, the first of the Eastern Chalukya kings, and had killed a certain Daddara in battle. Bhaṇḍanāditya himself had already served the donor’s father, who is here called Vijayāditya-Kaliyarttyaṅka. The second part of this name corresponds to the Kollabhigaṇḍa or Kollabigaṇḍa of other inscriptions. The grant closes with the enumeration of the four boundaries of the village granted and of the names of the twelve hamlets included in it, and with two of the customary imprecatory verses.
Language: Sanskrit.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv01p0i0036.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: The inscription is built in at the end of each line. It records a gift of land by Kavuṇiyaṉ Neri . . . . . . of Uṟaiyūr, a brahmadēya village in Uṟaiyūrkūṟṟam, to provide for the daily supply of ghee at one uḻakku for a perpetual lamp in the temple.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0006.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: This is a fragmentary inscription and seems to record an endowment of land by a certain Śembiyaṉ Koṟṟaperuṅgaḷiyar for feeding two persons in the temple. Kaṉṟū[r*]-nāḍu in Maṇayiṟ-kōṭṭam, a subdivision of Toṇḍai-nāḍu is mentioned.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0070.
Emmanuel Francis.
Summary: A gift of 90 sheep for the maintenance of a perpetual lamp in the temple of Mahādēva at Paḻaṅgōḷūr in Kāttaḷūr-kūṟṟam, a subdivision of Kīḻvēmbu-nāḍu in Palkuṉṟa-kōṭṭam, by Aṇṇāvaṉ Kōdaṇḍarāmaṉ of Pūdiyūr.
Language: Tamil.
Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).
DHARMA_INSSIIv13p0i0071.