SII 3.66: original edition by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch

Alternative title: “VI.—INSCRIPTIONS OF KULOTTUNGA-CHOLA I. No. 66.—INSCRIPTION AT KOLAR.”

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: This inscription (No. 131 of 1892) is engraved on the east wall of the Kōlāramma temple at Kōlār in the Mysore State. In the Chōḷa inscriptions of the temple the goddess is called Piḍāri,1 and Kōlār itself Kuvaḷālam. As the traditional capital of the Gaṅga family it is mentioned under the names of Kuvaḷālapura,2 Kōḷāḷapura and Kōlāhalapura.3 According to the subjoined inscription (l. 5) it belonged to Kuvaḷāla-nāḍu, a district of Vijayarājēndra-maṇḍalam.

The historical introduction and the date of this inscription are identical with those of Nos. 64 and 65. The inscription records that an officer named Vīraśikhāmaṇi-Mūvēndavēḷār inspected the temple and appointed a committee,4 which seems to have made allotments to various shrines included in the temple. The temple revenue had been originally paid by the temple villages in gold coins (māḍai), but was subsequently converted into supplies of paddy. We learn that one māḍai corresponded to two kāśu (l. 11) and that one kāśu purchased about 2 3/4 kalam of paddy (l. 11 f.). In the Tiruvallam inscription of Adhirājēndra one kāśu corresponds to four kalam of paddy.5 The Tanjore inscriptions of Rājarāja I. and Rājēndra-Chōḷa I.6 fix the interest per kāśu at 3 kuṟuṇi of paddy or one eighth kāśu, from which it follows that one kāśu corresponded to 24 kuṟuṇi, i.e. 2 kalam. This shows that the prices of grain must have varied considerably either according to the locality or at different times.

The preserved portion of the inscription consists of 28 lines. At the end of each of the lines 1 to 7 a few syllables are lost; at the end of line 8 much more is lost; and from line 9 it is impossible to supply the missing portions of each line. To give a general idea of the contents of the inscription, I am publishing the text as far as line 13, but am quoting also from the unpublished portion in the following list of shrines to which allotments were made:—Vīrabhadradēva (l. 12), Brahmāṇī, Īśvarī (l. 13), Vaishṇavī (l. 14), Indrāṇī (l. 15), Gaṇapati (l. 16), Chāmuṇḍēśvarī of the chief shrine (mūlasthāna) (l. 17), Kshētrapāladēva, Mahāśāstā7 (l. 18), Sūryadēva (l. 19), Yōginī and Yōgēśvara (ll. 24 and 27). At the worship of the two last deities intoxicating drinks (madya-pāna) were consumed.8

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0066.

File path: SII03/DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0066.xml.

Version: (aa17590), last modified (2f58452).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī [∥] tiru manṉi viḷaṅkumiruku(vaṭaṉaiya) tan toḷum vāḷun=tuṇaiyeṉakkeḻa [*****]

⟨2⟩ ṉai ka(ṭa)n=tu vayirākarattukkuñcarakkuḻām pala vāri Añcali cakkarakoṭṭattuttārāva(ra)ca(ṉai)ttikku nikaḻattiṟai koṇṭaruḷi A(ru)kkaṉutaiyat(tācaiyi)liruk(ku)ṅkamalamaṉaiya nilamakaḷtaṉṉai muṉ(ṉī)[rkkuḷitta]

⟨3⟩ vannāḷ tirumālātikkeḻalākiyeṭutta⟨ṉ⟩ṉaviyātu(ñ)caliyā (va)kaiyiṉiteṭuttuttaṉ kuṭai niḻaliliṉpu(ṟa) Iruttittikiriyum (pu)liyun=ticaitoṟunaṭāttippukaḻun=tarumamu(m puvitoṟu)m niṟutti (vī)ramun=tayākamumāṉamuṅkaruṇaiyum Urimaic [********]

⟨4⟩ yāttalanikaḻa ja(ya)mun=tāṉum vīṟṟirun=tu kulamaṇimaku(ṭa)muṟaiyiṟcūṭittaṉ kaḻal tarātivar cūṭacceṅk(o)l nāvalampuvitoṟum naṭāttiya ko rājakesarivanmarāṉa (Uṭai)yā⟨r⟩ (śrī)rājentracoḻadevarkku yāṇṭu Iraṇṭāvatu Atikāri[kaḷ jayaṅkoṇṭaco]

⟨5⟩ (ḻama)ṇṭa(la)ttukkāliyūrkk(o)ṭṭattu(pp)erumpuliyūrn(ā)ṭṭuppāṇṭiyampākkattu(p)pāṇṭiyampākkamuṭaiyā(ṉ) Am(pa)la(va)n tirupp(o)n=taiyārāna vīracikāmaṇi(mū)v(en=ta)veḷ(ā)r vijaiyarājentramaṇṭalattukkuvaḷālanā[ṭṭukkuvaḷāla]

⟨6⟩ ttuppiṭāriyā(r) (k)oyiliṉuḷḷāl tiruc(cu)ṟṟumaṇṭapattukkoyiṟ(ka)ruma(m)ārāyāvirun=tu Ittevar (t)evatānamāṉa (Ū)rkaḷāl va(n=ta) m(ā)ṭ(ai) nellākki Ittevarkkum patipātam¿u?lappaṭṭuṭai¿y?[pañcācāriya]

⟨7⟩ palapaṇi nivan=takkāra⟨r⟩kku(m niva)n=tañ(c)eyta paṭi Uṇṭoveṉṟu Ittevarkku māṭāpattiyañce(y)kiṟa kanṉāṭakapaṇṭitarai(yu)m pati(p)ātam¿u?lappaṭ(ṭu)ṭaip(pa)ñ(cā)cāriyattevakanmikaḷaiyuṅkeṭka Uṭai(y)ār (śrī)[rājendraco]

⟨8⟩ ḻadevarkku yāṇṭu Iraṇṭāvatu varai(yum) nivan=tañce(y)tatillai(y)eṉṟu c(o)lla (m)e(ṟ)paṭiyārkaḷaiyum puravu(va)ri(tiṇai)kaḷattu (mukav)e(ṭ)ṭi (p)ai(y)yūrkk(oṭṭa)ttu (Ā)raṇi nilai mummuṭicoḻa(na)llūr Iḷai [**********]

⟨9⟩ veḷāṉ kaṇapuramāṉa nirupaci(k)āmaṇiviḻu(ppar)aiyaṉai v(aiy)ttu(kko) [*] n=tu [**********] A(ti)kā(ri)kaḷ vīra(ci)kāma(ṇimū)ven=taveḷā [**********]

⟨10⟩ māṭai nūṟṟeṇpatteḻe m¿u?ṉṟu mā |⁓ pākkampaḷ(ḷi) māṭai Irunūṟṟu Iraṇṭe mākā(ṇi) ∥⁓ (A)ṟaiyūr māṭai pattaraiye Orumāva(r)ai (∥⁓ kī)[.](ai) [**********]

⟨11⟩ ṭ(ai) Aiñ(ñūṟ)ṟoru(pa)t(te)ḻe m¿u?(ṉṟu)m(ākkāṇiyiṉā)l māṭai Oṉ(ṟu)kku kācu Iraṇṭāka kācu Ā(yi)rattu muppattu nāle mummāvaraikku kācoṉ(ṟu)kku (r)ā(ja)[kesariyāl]

⟨12⟩ ⟨ka⟩(la)ne (tūṇi)yiṉāl kalaṅkalane tūṇi nānāḻi vāci Eṟṟi Arum(o)ḻite(va)ṉ ma(ra)kkālāl nellu Iraṇṭāyiratteṇṇūṟṟu nāṟpattu mukkalaney Iru(tū)ṇi mu(k)kuṟuṇikkum niva(n=ta)ñce⟨y⟩ta paṭi |⁓ v¿i?rabha(drad)e(varkku) ¿(san=ti)? [**********]

⟨13⟩ [*****] nālu(m) |⁓ brahmā(ṇi)yārkku ¿sa(n=ti)? Oṉṟukku tiruvamutarici nānāḻiyum kaṟi(ya)mutu Iraṇṭum (A)ṭaikkāyamutu Iraṇṭum Ilaiyamutu nālum |⁓ Ī(śva)riyārkku ¿(san=ti)? Oṉṟu(kku) tiruvamutari(ci) [**********]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ vāḷun=tuṇaiyeṉakkeḻa [5+] • See above, p. 135, note 1.

⟨2⟩ Añcali • See above, p. 135, note 2.

⟨3⟩ Urimaic [8+] • No. 64 reads Urimaiccuṟṟamāka(p)piri.

⟨4⟩ Atikāri [9+] • Read Atikārikaḷ jayaṅkoṇṭacoḻamaṇṭalattu and compare above, Nos. 4 and 10, where Kāliyūrkōṭṭam is mentioned as a district of Jayaṅgoṇḍa-Chōḷa-maṇḍalam.

⟨5⟩ vijaiyarājentramaṇṭalattukkuvaḷālanā [7+] • Read nāṭṭukkuvaḷālattu in accordance with unpublished inscriptions of the same temple.

⟨6⟩ patipātamulappaṭṭuṭaiy [5+] • Read mūlappaṭṭuṭaippañcācāriya.

⟨8⟩ Iḷai [10+] • See below, p. 139, note 2.

⟨11⟩ m¿u?⟨ū⟩(ṉṟu)m(ākkāṇiyiṉā)l • See below, page 139, note 4.

Translation by Hultzsch 1903

(Line 4.) Hail ! Prosperity ! In the second year (of the reign) of king Rājakēsarivarman, alias the lord Śrī-Rājēndra-Śōḻadēva, who etc.9 —when the magistrate (adhikārin) Ambalavaṉ Tiruppondaiyār, alias Vīraśikhāmaṇi-Mūvēndavēḷār, the lord of Pāṇḍiyambākkam10 (and a native) of Pāṇḍiyambākkam in Perumbuliyūrnāḍu, (a subdivision) of Kāliyūr-kōṭṭam,11 (a district) of [Jayaṅgoṇḍa-Śōḻa]-maṇḍalam, was examining the affairs of the temple in the maṇḍapa enclosing the temple of Piḍāriyār at [Kuvaḷālam] in Kuvaḷāla-nāḍu, (a district) of Vijayarājēndramaṇḍalam, (he) asked the Kaṉṉāḍaga-Paṇḍita12 who was the superintendent of the maṭha13 of this god,14 the Pañchāchārya (who wears) a silk garment (in honour) of the feet of the god,15 and the Pūjāris (kaṉmi) of the god:—“Have allotments been made to this god, [to the Pañchāchārya] (who wears) a silk garment (in honour) of the feet of the god, and to the various temple servants,16 after the (payments in) gold coins (māḍai) accruing from the villages which are dēvadānas) of this god were converted into (supplies of) paddy ?”

(L. 7.) The answer was:—“No allotments have been made until the second year (of the reign) of the lord [Śrī-Rājēndra-Śō]ḻadēva.”

(L. 8.) Thereon the magistrate Vīraśikhāmaṇi-Mūvēndavēḷā[r] appointed (a committee consisting of) the above mentioned persons; the Puravuvaritiṇaikaḷattu-Mugaveṭṭi17 . . . . . . . . . .18 of Iḷai[yūṟu] (near) Mummuḍi-Śōḻa-nallūr (and) a resident of Āraṇi in Paiyyūr-kōṭṭam; (and) . . . . . Vēḷāṉ Kaṇapuram, alias Nṛipaśikhāmaṇi-Viḻupparaiyaṉ.

(L. 10.) . . . . . . . . . . māḍai one hundred and eighty-seven and three twentieths.19 Pākkambaḷ[ḷi] (had to pay) māḍai two hundred and two, one twentieth and one eightieth. [A]ṟaiyūr (had to pay) māḍai ten and a half, one twentieth and one fortieth . . . . . . . . . .

(L. 11.) [Altogether], [mā]ḍai five hundred and seventeen, three twentieths and one eightieth, which correspond—at the rate of two kāśu for one māḍai—to kāśu one thousand and thirty-four, three twentieths and one fortieth,20 which correspond,—at the rate of . . . . . . . . . . by the Rāja[kēsari]21 (measure) for each kāśu. . . . . . . . . . kalam and one tūṇi [of paddy], which correspond—with an increment22 of one kalam, one tūṇi and four nāḻi for each kalam—to two thousand eight hundred and forty-three kalam, two tūṇi and three kuṟuṇi of paddy by the marakkāl (called after) Arumoḻidēvaṉ.23

(L. 12.) Out of this the following allotments were made:—To Vīrabhadradēvar, [at each] of the three times of the day, . . . . . . . . . . four . . . . . To Brahmāṇiyār, at each of the three times of the day, four nāḻi of rice, two dishes of vegetables, two areca-nuts and four betel-leaves. To Īśvariyār, at each of the three times of the day, . . . . . of rice . . . . . . . . . .

Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 3.66 by Hultzsch 1903 converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1903. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part II: Inscriptions of Virarajendra I., Kulottunga-chola I., Vikrama-chola and Kulottunga III. South Indian Inscriptions 3.2. Madras: Government Press. Pages 136–139, item 66.

Notes

  1. 1. Compare above, p. 9 and note 6. Piḍāri is evidently a corruption of Bhaṭṭārikā, a name of Durgā.

  2. 2. Above, Vol. II. p. 380.

  3. 3. See Ep Ind. Vol. IV. p. 200, note 1.

  4. 4. One of the members of this committee is also referred to in the Tiruvallam inscription of Adhirājēndra; see below, p. 139, note 2.

  5. 5. See page 117 above.

  6. 6. Above, Vol. II. No. 9, paragraphs 5 and 6, and No. 26, paragraphs 4 and 5.

  7. 7. See above, p. 9 and note 5.

  8. 8. yoginiyogeśvarapūjaikku matti(ya)pānam Irukalattiṉāl neṟkalam (l. 27), “one kalam of paddy for two kalam of intoxicating drinks for the worship of Yōginī and Yōgēśvara.”

  9. 9. The historical introduction of this inscription is the same as in No. 64.

  10. 10. No. 215 on the Madras Survey Map of the Arcot tāluka.

  11. 11. The same district is mentioned above, Vol. I. Nos. 84, 85, 147 and 148, and Vol. III. p. 2. One of its subdivisions, Viṟpēḍu-nāḍu (Vol. I. p. 117 and Corrigenda on p. 184; Ep. Ind. Vol. VI. p. 228), is named after the modern Vippēḍu, No. 59 on the Madras Survey Map of the Conjeeveram tāluka. Another of its subdivisions, Pāgūr-nāḍū (above, Vol. III. p. 2), is probably named after Pāvūr, No. 247 on the Madras Survey Map of the Arcot tāluka. Uttaraṉmērūr formed a separate subdivision of it; see above, p. 3 and note 6.

  12. 12. As Kōlār is situated in the Kanarese country, the head of the matha was naturally a Karnāṭaka Brāhmaṇa.

  13. 13. māṭāpattiyam is the same as māṭhāpatya in Dr. Kittel’s Kannaḍa-English Dictionary, p. 1232.

  14. 14. In reality the deity of the temple was not a god, but the goddess Piḍāri.

  15. 15. The same term occurs in two Tanjore inscriptions (above, Vol. II. No. 21, paragraph 2, and No. 68, paragraph 2) and in an inscription at Pallāvaram (ibid. p. 111, note 3). Regarding pādamūla see Ep. Ind. Vol. IV. p. 254, note 4.

  16. 16. For nivantakkāṟar see above, Vol. II. p. 278, note 2.

  17. 17. Regarding this designation see above, p. 117, note 10, and p. 118, note 4.

  18. 18. The missing name is preserved in No. 57 above, text line 23 f.

  19. 19. This amount must have been due to the temple from some village, the name of which is lost at the end of line 9.

  20. 20. This product is wrong. It would be correct if, at the beginning of line 11, we read aiññūṟṟorupatteḻe māvaraiye kāṇiyiṉāl, “five hundred and seventeen, one twentieth, one fortieth and one eightieth.”

  21. 21. On this measure see above, Vol. II. p. 42.

  22. 22. Regarding vāśi, —an increment,—see above, Vol. II. p. 149 and note 1.

  23. 23. See above, p. 8 and note 3.