SII 3.57: original edition by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch

Alternative title: “No. 57.—ON THE NORTH WALL OF THE MAHAMANDAPA IN THE BILVANATHESVARA TEMPLE.”

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: This inscription is dated on the 200th day of the 3rd year of the reign of Parakēsarivarman, alias A(dhi)rājēndradēva (l. 4 f.). Two royal officers met at Kāñchipuram (l. 7) and called for the accounts of the villages which belonged to the Tiruvallam temple. One of the two decided that the revenue from the villages of Kukkaṉūr1 in Tūy-nāḍu2 (l. 12) and Mandiram3 in the same nāḍu (l. 13) should be assigned to the temple for expenses not previously provided for. A larger committee then assembled and made allotments from this revenue for various heads of the temple expenditure.

In line 11 it is stated that, before the time of this inscription, the income of the temple had been regulated in the 8th year of the reign of “the emperor Vīrarājēndradēva.” Consequently Adhirājēndra must have reigned later than Vīrarājēndra I. Among the kings who are mentioned in the Vikkirama-Śōḻaṉ-Ulā after Vīrarājēndra I., the only one who has not yet been traced in inscriptions is the immediate successor of Vīrarājēndra I. and predecessor of Kulōttuṅga-Chōḷa I.4 This king may be identified provisionally with Parakēsarivarman, alias Adhirājēndradēva. If the account in the Vikramāṅkadēvacharita can be trusted, he would have been the son of Vīrarājēndra I. and the brother-in-law of Vikramāditya VI.5

Language: Tamil (tam).

Version: (7b9d724), last modified (8e03803).

Edition

⟨1⟩ sva(sti) śrī [||] tiṅkaḷer malarntu veṇkuṭai maṇṭilama(ṉ)nuyi(r)t(o)ṟumiṉna(ru)ḷ curan{tu}tiṟainiḻal parappi niṟ(pa) muṟaimai(yi)ṟceṅkol ticaitoṟu-

⟨2⟩ ñce(l)la taṅkaḷ kulamutaṟparutiyin va(la)noḻi n¿i?vaṟku Oṟṟaiyāḻiyulāva naṟṟavattirumalaṟcelviyumirunilappāvaiyu(ṅkī)rtti(yaṅ)kiḷḷaiyum port-

⟨3⟩ ta(ni)ppūvaiyum vatuvaiyi⟨ṟ⟩puṇarn=tu ta(n)nurimaitte(viya)rākaccuṭarma(ṇi)makuṭañ(cū)ṭṭi neṭuṉilama(ṉava)r muṟai muṟai taṉnaṭi vaṇaṅka (vīramu)ntiyākamu(m Ā)ramenappuṉain(tu)

⟨4⟩ (vīra)(si)ṁhāsanattu Ulakamuḻutuṭai(y)āroṭum v¿i?ṟṟiru(n)taruḷi māppukaḻ ma(nu)vuṭaṉ vaḷartta kopparakecarivanmarāṉa Uṭaiyār śrīA(ti)rāje(nti)rat(e)varkku (y)ā(ṇ)-

⟨5⟩ ṭu (mū)nṟāvatu nā(ḷ) Iru(nūṟi)n(ā)l (Atikā)rikaḷ (c)oḻamaṇṭalattu pāṇṭikulācanivaḷanāṭṭu puṟakki(ḷi)yūrnāṭṭu pulāṅ(ku)ṭaiyār (pū)ran (Āti)tta(teva)nārā(na) rājarā-

⟨6⟩ jentira(mū)ventaveḷārum s(e)(n)āpati Uy(ya)kkoṇṭārvaḷanāṭṭu tirai(mū)rnāṭ(ṭu na)ṭā(r)

⟨7⟩ kiḻān rājarājan paraniru{p}parākkatanāṉa (vī)rac(o)ḻaIḷaṅ(ko) [*****] m Eyiṟk(o)ṭṭattu E(yil)nāṭṭu kāñcipurattu ti(ru)may(āna)mu(ṭ)ai(y)ār (kī)ḻai{ma}-

⟨8⟩ maṇṭapam (ka)ṅkaikoṇṭaco(ḻani)li(ru)ntu (ti)ruva(l)lamuṭaiyār (te)vatā(na)māna Ūrkaḷ kaṇakku keṭṭu It(t)e(va)r tevatānamāna Ūrkaḷil Ūrk=kaḻa(ñ)cuṅkumara-

⟨9⟩ kaccāṇamum ¿(mi)n?pāṭṭamum taṭṭārpp(āṭṭamu)ḷ(ḷi)ṭṭa (kīḻiṟai)ppāṭ(ṭamu)m (taṟi)ppuṭavaiyum (ve)likkācum ta(ṇ)ṭa(li)ṟkaṭamaiyum valaṅkai(yi)ṭaṅkaimakanmai-

⟨10⟩ yum Uḷḷi(ṭṭa A)ntarāya(ttu)kku Ā(yi)rakkalattuvāyi(rupa)ttaiñcu kācākakko(ṇ)ṭu

⟨11⟩ varu(ki)ṟa paṭi cakravarttikaḷ śr¿a?v¿i?rarājentiratevarkku yāṇṭu (E)ḻāvatin Etirā(m)ā-

⟨12⟩ (ṇ)ṭu mutal Ittevaṟke variyiliṭṭuppeṟṟamaiyilittevar tevatā(na)m p(e)rumpāṇapp(ā)ṭi tūy(n)āṭṭu kukkaṉūr kācu mup-

⟨13⟩ patteṭṭe kālināṟk(ā)coṉṟukku (c)elavirājakecariyāl nellu nāṟkalamāka nel (ṉū)ṟṟaim(pa)ttu mukkalamum In(n)āṭṭu mantiram kācu

⟨14⟩ Iru(pa)ttāṟe mukkālināl nellu nūṟṟeḻukalamu(m) Āka kācu Aṟupattaiñcināl nel-

⟨15⟩ liruṉūṟṟaṟupatin kalamum Ittevaṟku mun(pi)lāta niva(nta)ṅkaḷukku yāṇṭu m¿un?āvatu

⟨16⟩ mutal niva(n)tañceytu kuṭuk=kavenṟu Atikārikaḷ (r)ājarājentira(mū)v(e)ntaveḷār (E)va pu(rava)-

⟨17⟩ ritiṇaikkaḷattu kūṟu coḻamaṇṭalattu kṣa(tri)yacikāmaṇivaḷanāṭṭu pa(ṉai)yūrnāṭṭu Iḷaiyānkuṭaiyān v¿i?ti(ya)¿(n)? ti(ru)-

⟨18⟩ māli(ruñ)colaiyāna kuvalaiyativākara(mū)ventaveḷānum puravaritiṇaikkaḷa(m) cayaṅk(o)ṇṭacoḻamaṇṭalattu puḻaṟkoṭṭattu (Ā)-

⟨19⟩ kuṭināṭṭu A(ya)ṇṭampākkiḻān kaṇṭa(nī)ṟaṇintānāṉa cempiyanpa(l)lavarayanum paiyyūrkkoṭṭattu k(o)-

⟨20⟩ (ḷū)r ni(lai) rācakecarinallūr taḻuvupokan(ce)ri tirucciṟṟampalamuṭaiyānāṉa nirupacikāmaṇi(mū)ventaveḷānu-

⟨21⟩ m Ūṟṟukkāṭṭukkoṭṭattu kunṟanāṭṭu (m)ā tūr maṅkalaṅkiḻān kaṇavati piccanāṉa villa(va)nm¿u?ve-

⟨22⟩ (n)taveḷā(ṉu)m rācentiracoḻavaḷanāṭṭu p(o)ykaippāk=kattukkuḷamuḻān Eṟa(ṉ Ī)caraṅkiricekaranāṉa cayatuṅkam¿u?ve-

⟨23⟩ ntaveḷāṉum mukaveṭṭi paiyyūrkkoṭṭattu Āraṇi nilai mummuṭicoḻanallūriḷaiyūṟu kiḻavaṉ nākan(ā)rāyaṇanā

⟨24⟩ (ṉa) rācanārāyaṇam¿u?ventaveḷāṉum (puliyū)r(k)koṭṭattu māṅkāṭunāṭṭu cemmarampākkiḻānārāyaṇan muṭikoṇ-

⟨25⟩ ṭacoḻappa(l)lavaraiyanum ceṅk(ā)ṭṭukkoṭṭattu mākaṇūrnāṭṭu (ti)ttanai(ta)nallūr Ātimaṅkalaṅkiḻān picca-

⟨26⟩ n Ampalakkūttanāṉa Ātirācentirattamiḻataraiyaṉum Eyiṟkkoṭṭattu Eyilnāṭṭu kāñcipuramuṭaiyāṉ karumā-

⟨27⟩ ṇikkan comanāṉa coḻarājam¿u?ven(ta)veḷā(ṉu)m Iruntu nimantañceyta paṭi kalliyāṇacuntaratevarkku canti (O)nṟukku tiru-

⟨28⟩ vamutarici nānāḻiyāka canti m¿u?ṉṟuk=karici ku(ṟuṇi) n¿a?nāḻiyum Ittevar nampirāṭṭiyārkku canti Onṟukku Amutukkariciyirunā-

⟨29⟩ ḻiyāka ca(n)ti m¿un?ṟuk=karici Aṟunāḻi(yu)m karumāṇikkatevarkku canti Onṟukku Ariciyirunāḻiyumittevar nampirāṭṭi-

⟨30⟩ yārkku can=ti Oṉṟukkarici Irunāḻiyumāka Arici pata(k)kaṟunāḻikku Iraṇṭaiñcākki <nellu> <tūṇi> <patakku> 7 <nāḻi> kaṟiyamutukku nellu

⟨31⟩ muṉnāḻiyum ney(ya)mutu Āḻakk(e)yi(ru)cevi(ṭa)raikku nellaṟunāḻi ta(yi)ramutu nāḻi Urikku (ne)l muṉnāḻi Aṭaik-

⟨32⟩ kāyamutu veṟuṅkāy panṉira(ṇ)ṭum veṟṟilai(ya)mutu A(ṟu)patukkumāka nellirunāḻi muḻakkumāka nāḷoṉṟukku nelli-

⟨33⟩ (ru)tū(ṇi) Aiññāḻi muḻakkāka nellu (I)runūṟṟaṟupa(t)toruka(la)ne muk(ku)ṟuṇikku [|] (mu)kaveṭṭi rā(ca)nārāyaṇam¿u?venta-

⟨34⟩ veḷāneḻuttu [||]

Translation by Hultzsch 1899

(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! While (the king’s) white parasol was raised, expanding like the moon, diffusing sweet mercy on all the creatures that abide on the globe, and affording royal protection; while (his) sceptre rightfully swayed all the quarters; (and) while the matchless wheel (of his authority) rolled about, in order to remove and wipe away the force (?) of the sun, the progenitor of his race; (he) took in marriage the goddess of the beautiful (lotus) flower (i.e. Lakshmī), whose austerities (thus) bore fruit, the goddess of the great earth, the (goddess of) fame, (who resembles) a parrot in beauty, and the matchless goddess of (victory in) war, and adorned (them) with crowns of brilliant jewels as his rightful queens.

(L. 3.) While the princes of the vast earth worshipped his feet by turns, (he) decked himself, as with garlands, with valour and liberality and was pleased to be seated on the throne of heroes together with (his queen) Ulagamuḻuduḍaiyār.

(L. 4.) On the two-hundredth day of the third year (of the reign) of (this) king Parakēsarivarman, alias the lord Śrī-A(dhi)rājē(nd)radēva, who (continually) increased (his) great fame by following (the laws of) Manu,—the magistrate (adhikārin) (Pū)raṉ (Ādi)tta(dēva)ṉār, alias Rājarājēndra-Mūvēndavēḷār, of Pulāṅ(gu)ḍai in Puṟakki(ḷi)yūr-nāḍu, (a subdivision) of Pāṇḍikulāśani-vaḷanāḍu, (a district) of Śōḻa-maṇḍalam, and the Sēnāpati Rājarājaṉ Paranṛiparākshasaṉ, alias Vīraśōḻa-Iḷaṅ(gō) . . . . ., the headman of (Na)ḍā(r) in Tiraimūr-nāḍu, (a subdivision) of Uyyakkoṇḍār-vaḷanāḍu, having met in the Gaṅgaikoṇḍa-Śōḻaṉ, a maṇḍapa on the east (of the temple) of Tirumayānam-uḍaiyār6 at Kāñchipuram in Eyil-nāḍu, (a subdivision) of Eyiṟ-kōṭṭam,7 called for the accounts of the villages which are dēvadānas (of the temple) of Tiruvallam-uḍaiyār.

(L. 8.) The magistrate Rājarājēndra-Mūvēndavēḷār ordered as follows:—“(The income) from the villages which are dēvadānas of this temple, (viz.) ūr-kaḻañju, kumarakachchāṇam,8 the fishing-rent,9 the rent of the goldsmiths,10 and the other minor taxes and rents, the cloth on the loom,11 vēlikkāśu, the tax on collecting rents (taṇḍal),12 the sonship (?) of the right hand and left hand,13 and the other internal revenue, which was being collected at the rate of twenty-five kāśu per thousand kalam (of paddy), had been entered in the register and made over to this temple exclusively from the year which was opposite to (i.e. which followed after)14 the seventh year (of the reign) of the emperor Śrī-Vīrarājēndradēva. Accordingly, Kukkaṉūr, a dēvadāna of this god in Tūy-nāḍu, (a subdivision) of Perumbāṇappāḍi, (has to pay) thirty-eight and a quarter kāśu or, at the rate of four kalam of paddy, (measured) by the rājakēsari, per kāśu, one hundred and fifty-three kalam of paddy; and Mandiram in the same nāḍu (has to pay) twenty-six and three quarter kāśu or one hundred and seven kalam of paddy. Altogether sixty-five kāśu or two hundred and sixty kalam of paddy were allotted to this temple for expenses not previously provided for, and should be given from the third year (of the king’s reign).”

(L. 17.) The Puravaritiṇaikkaḷattu-kūṟu15 Vīdi(yaṉ) Tirumāli(ruñ)jōlai, alias Kuvalayadivākara-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ, of Iḷaiyāṉkuḍai in Paṉaiyūr-nāḍu, (a subdivision) of Kshatriyaśikhāmaṇi-vaḷanāḍu, (a district) of Śōḻa-maṇḍalam; the Puravaritiṇaikkaḷam Kaṇḍa(nī)ṟaṇindāṉ, alias Śembiyaṉ-Pallavaraiyaṉ, the headman of A(ya)ṇḍambā(kkam) in (Ā)guḍi-nāḍu,16 (a subdivision) of Puḻaṟ-kōṭṭam, (a district) of Jayaṅkoṇḍa-Śōḻa-maṇḍalam; Tiruchchiṟṟambalam-uḍaiyāṉ, alias Nṛipaśikhāmaṇi-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ, (a native) of Taḻuvupōsaṉ(śē)ri (near) Rājakēsarinallūr (and) a resident of K(ōḷū)r17 in Paiyyūr-kōṭṭam; Kaṇavadi Pichchaṉ, alias Villayaṉ-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ, the Maṅgalaṅgiḻāṉ of . . . . . . in Kuṉṟanāḍu, (a subdivision) of Ūṟṟukkāṭṭu-kōṭṭam;18 Ēṟa(ṉ Ī)ś(v)araṉ Giriśēkharaṉ, alias Jayatuṅga-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ, a Kuḷamuḻāṉ19 of Poygaippākkam in Rājēndra-Śōḻa-vaḷanāḍu; the Mugaveṭṭi20 Nāganārāyaṇaṉ, alias Rājanārāyaṇa-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ, the headman of Iḷaiyūṟu (near) Mummuḍi-Śōḻa-nallūr (and) a resident of Āraṇi21 in Paiyyūr-kōṭṭam; Nārāyaṇaṉ Muḍikoṇḍa-Śōḻa-Pallavaraiyaṉ, the headman of Śemmarambā(kkam)22 in Māṅgāḍu-nāḍu,23 (a subdivision) of (Puliyū)rkōṭṭam;24 Pichchaṉ Ambalakkūttaṉ, alias Ādirājēndra-Tamiḻadaraiyaṉ, the Ādimaṅgalaṅgiḻāṉ of (Ti)ttanai(da)nallūr in Māgaṇūr-nāḍu,25 (a subdivision) of Śēṅgāṭṭu-kōṭṭam; and Karumāṇikkaṉ Śōmaṉ, alias Śōḻarāja-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ, the lord of Kāñchipuram in Eyil-nāḍu, (a subdivision) of Eyiṟ-kōṭṭam, having met together, allotted (the above-mentioned revenue) as follows:—

(L. 27.) To Kalyāṇasundaradēva (one) kuṟuṇi and four nāḻi of rice for three daily offerings, viz. four nāḻi of rice for each; to the consort of this god, six nāḻi of rice for three daily offerings, viz. two nāḻi of rice for each; to Karumāṇikkadēva, two nāḻi of rice for each daily offering; and to the consort of this god, two nāḻi of rice for each daily offering, altogether (one) padakku and six nāḻi of rice or, at the rate of two to five,26 1 tūṇi, 1 padakku and 7 nāḻi of paddy; for vegetables, three nāḻi of paddy; for (one) āḻakku and two śeviḍu and a half of ghee, six nāḻi of paddy; for (one) nāḻi and (one) uri of curds, three nāḻi of paddy; for twelve areca-nuts without shells and sixty betel-leaves, two nāḻi and three uḻakku of paddy,—altogether two tūṇi, five nāḻi and three uḻakku of paddy per day, or two hundred and sixty-one kalam and three kuṟuṇi of paddy (per year).27

(L. 33.) (This is) the writing of the Mugaveṭṭi Rājanārāyaṇa-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ.

Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 3.57 by Hultzsch 1899 converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1899. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part I: Inscriptions at Ukkal, Melpadi, Karuvur, Manimangalam and Tiruvallam. South Indian Inscriptions 3.1. Madras: Government Press. Pages 114–118, item 57.

Notes

  1. 1. See above, p. 25, note 2.

  2. 2. See p. 22 above.

  3. 3. See No. 50 above.

  4. 4. See p. 32 above.

  5. 5. See above, Vol. II. p. 231 f.

  6. 6. This is the Tamil name of the Śmaśānēśvara temple at Conjeeveram.

  7. 7. See above, Vol. II. p. 390.

  8. 8. Compare kumara-gadiyāṇaka, Ep. Ind. Vol. IV. p. 99.

  9. 9. Compare above, Vol. I. p. 89, note 4.

  10. 10. See Ep. Ind. Vol. V. p. 53, note 6.

  11. 11. See ibid. note 7.

  12. 12. Compare taṇḍalil-akkai, above, Vol. II. p. 115, text line 10 f.

  13. 13. Compare above, Vol. I. p. 110, note 2.

  14. 14. See above, p. 38, note 3.

  15. 15. This seems to be the designation of a class of revenue officers; compare above, p. 44, note 10.

  16. 16. Āguḍi-nāḍu is mentioned in Mr. Crole’s Chingleput Manual, p. 438, as a division of Puḻaṟ-kōṭṭam; regarding this district see above, p. 76, note 15.

  17. 17. This village is No. 213 on the Madras Survey Map of the Poṉṉēri tāluka of the Chingleput district. It is also mentioned as belonging to Paiyūr-kōṭṭam in the British Museum plates of Sadāśivarāya; Ep. Ind. Vol. IV. p. 9.

  18. 18. See above, p. 91, note 7.

  19. 19. Compare Kōmuḻāṉ on p. 16 above.

  20. 20. This is apparently the designation of some office.

  21. 21. No. 129 on the Madras Survey Map of the Poṉṉēri tāluka.

  22. 22. Now Śembarambākkam, No. 201 on the Madras Survey Map of the Saidāpēṭ tāluka.

  23. 23. This division is called after Māṅgāḍu, No. 144 on the same map.

  24. 24. See above, p. 49, note 9.

  25. 25. See page 49 above.

  26. 26. I.e. five measures of paddy are required for two measures of rice; compare above, Vol. II. p. 129.

  27. 27. If 2 tūṇi, 5 nāḻi and 3 uḻakku are multiplied by 360, the result is 3(3/4) kuṟuṇi in excess of the yearly total given in the text.