Attili grant of Bhīma I

Editor: Dániel Balogh.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00051.

Hand description:

Halantas. Final N (l8, l16) is a simplified na, reduced and raised, without a headmark. Final T is like a full-sized ta with a curly tail (l16, l18). Final M (l29, l30) is a circle with a vertical tail (straight or only slightly sinuous), slightly smaller than regular characters.

Original punctuation marks are plain short verticals, floating around median height.

Other palaeographic observations. Dependent o is sometimes written with a cursive single stroke, but the two-stroke form also occurs many times. Dependent au (e.g. l2) differs from cursive o in being conspicuously extended to the footline, and its humps are also slightly asymmetrical. Rare initial Ai occurs in line 28.

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Eastern Cālukya (tfb-vengicalukya-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-01-21 17:05 (4b9ab6f), last modified 2024-12-19 16:35 (c99f2a3).

Seal

⟨1⟩ śrī-tribhuvanāṅkuśa

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1⟩ svasti⟨.⟩ śrīm¿ā?⟨a⟩tā⟨ṁ⟩ sakala-bhuvana-saṁstūyamāna-mānavya-sagotrāṇ¿a?⟨ā⟩ṁ hāriti-pu⟨2⟩trāṇāṁ kauśikī-vara-prasāda-labdha-rājyānāṁ mātr̥-gaṇa-paripālitānāṁ svāmi-ma(hā)⟨3⟩sena-pādānuddhyātānāṁ bhagavan-nārāyaṇa-prasāda-samāsādita-vara-varāha-l(ā)⟨4⟩ñchanekṣaṇa-kṣaṇa-vaśīkr̥tārāti-maṇḍalānām aśvamedhāvabhr̥¿t?⟨th⟩a-s(n)āna-pavitr¿i?⟨ī⟩⟨5⟩kr̥ta-vapuṣāṁ cālukyānāṁ kulam ala⟨ṁ⟩kariṣṇoḥ s{s}atyāśraya-vallabhe⟨6⟩ndrasya bhrātā ku¿j?⟨b⟩ja-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa va⟨r⟩ṣāṇi| tat-suto jayasiṁhas trayastri⟨7⟩(ṁ)śata(ṁ)| tad-anuj¿o?⟨e⟩ndrarāja-nandano viṣṇuvarddhano nava| tad-ātmajo maṁgi-yuvarājaḥ pa(ñca)⟨8⟩viṁśati⟨ṁ⟩| tat-tanujo jayasiṁhas trayodaśa| tad-anujaḥ kokkiliṣ (ṣ)aṇ māsāN| tad-a⟨9⟩graj(o) viṣṇurājo ⟨’⟩nujam uccāṭya saptatriṁśataṁ| tat-tanūjo vijayāditya-bhaṭṭāra⟨Page 2r⟩⟨10⟩ka Ekānnaviṁśatiṁ| tat-tanujo viṣṇurājaḥ ṣa¿s?⟨ṭ⟩triṁśataṁ| tat-sūnu⟨r⟩ vvijayādityo bhī⟨11⟩ma-salki-nāmān¿ā?⟨a⟩ṁ tat-pakṣa-dakṣiṇa-gaṁga-balaṁ ca ni(r)jjityāṣṭaśata-narendreśvarā⟨12⟩ṇāṁ karttā catvāriṁśataṁ| tat-tanaya(ḥ) kali-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ddhyarddha-varṣa(ṁ|) tat-putraḥ

I. Āryāgīti

kira⟨13⟩ṇapuram acalapuram uru nellūra-pur¿ā?⟨aṁ⟩ vidāhya caitat ⟨t⟩ripuraṁ

martya-maheśva⟨14⟩ra-nāmn¿a?⟨ā⟩ khyāta-yaśo-rāśir ābabhau yas satataṁ|

Atha ca|

II. Anuṣṭubh

kāliṁga-gaṁga-rū⟨15⟩pyādi

kośaleśa-dvipādi ca|

pāṇḍya-pallava-hemādi

haṭhāt ⟨t⟩yāgā(r)ttham āhara⟨16⟩T|

III. Anuṣṭubh

gaṁgān āropayad gaṁga-

kūṭam maṁgi-śiro ⟨’⟩c¿c?⟨ch⟩ina¿N?⟨T⟩|

kr̥ṣṇaṁ raṇe ⟨’⟩jayad vaktuṁ

ka(s sa)⟨17⟩marttho ⟨’⟩s¿u?⟨ya⟩ sāhasāN|

sa vijayādityaś catuścatvāriṁśataṁ{|} veṁgī-deśam a(nu)⟨18⟩varṣam avarddhayaT| tad-anujanmano yuvarājasya vikr¿ā?⟨a⟩mākrānta-sakala-dha⟨Page 2v⟩⟨19⟩rā-cakrasya vikramāditya-bhūpateḥ priya-tanayaḥ|

IV. Sragdharā

śākeṣv abdeṣu yāteṣv atha ma⟨20⟩nu-vasu-saṁprāpt¿e?⟨a⟩-saṁkhyeṣu meṣe|

mitre caitre ca maitre śaśini śaśi-dine kr̥ṣṇa⟨21⟩pakṣa-dvitīye|

yugma-rkṣasyodgame ⟨’⟩dhāt sakala-jana-mude paṭṭam ā-candra-tāra(ṁ|)

⟨22⟩ śrīmā¡n!⟨ñ⟩ cālukya-bhīmaś catur-udadhi-lasa{(ṁ)}n-mekhalelā-talasya|

Atha ca|

V. Svāgatā

ya⟨23⟩sya khaḍga-jala-vā⟨r⟩ddhi-nimagnaṁ|

kr̥ṣṇa-vallabha-balaṁ sa-sapatnaṁ|

sa sarvva-lok(okā)⟨24⟩śraya-śrī-viṣṇuvarddhana-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvaraḥ parama-brahmaṇyaḥ cālu⟨25⟩kya-bhīma-nāmāttili-viṣaya-nivāsino rāṣṭrakūṭa-pramukhāN kuṭuṁbinaḥ ⟨26⟩ Ittham ājñāpayati

viditam astu vo ⟨’⟩smābhiḥ yā sā Apsaro¿ṣ?⟨p⟩amā thuṇḍa⟨27⟩kākhyā tasyāḥ yaḥ putraḥ ⟨tu⟩ṁburu-samāno mallapākhyaḥ tat-sutāy¿(ā)?⟨ai⟩ calla⟨Page 3r⟩⟨28⟩(v)ākhyātasyai samasta-gāndharvva-vidyā-vedinyai Attili nāma grāme Aiśānyā⟨29⟩n diśi sahasra{ṁ}-kramuka-taru-sthānaM tasm¿a?⟨i⟩nn eva grāme vāyavyān diśi pa(ṁ)⟨30⟩cāśat-khaṇḍikā-vr¿i?⟨ī⟩hi-bījāvāpa-kṣetraṁ gr̥ha-sthānañ ca dattaM⟨.⟩ Asyo⟨31⟩pari na kenacid bādhā kara(ṇ)īyā⟨.⟩ karo⟨ti⟩ yas sa pañca-mahā-pātaka-saṁyu⟨32⟩to bhavati⟨.⟩ vyāsenāpy uktaM

VI. Anuṣṭubh

ṣ{ṭ}aṣṭi(ṁ) varṣa-sahasrāṇi

svargge modati ⟨33⟩ bhūmi-daḥ

Ākṣept¿a?⟨ā⟩ cānumantā ca

tāny eva na(ra)ke vaseT(|)

(Ā)jñāp(t)ir a⟨34⟩sya dharmmasya kaḍeya-r¿a?⟨ā⟩jaḥ| bhaṭṭa-vāmanena raciteya(ṁ) śāsana-pa(d)dha(t)i(ḥ|) ⟨35⟩ cāmikuṟṟācāryyeṇa likhitā

⟨Page 3v⟩

Seal

⟨1⟩ śrī-tribhuvanāṅkuśa

Plates⟨Page 1r⟩ 
⟨Page 1v⟩ 
⟨1⟩ svasti⟨.⟩ śrīm¿ā?⟨a⟩tā⟨ṁ⟩ sakala-bhuvana-saṁstūyamāna-mānavya-sagotrāṇ¿a?⟨ā⟩ṁ hāriti-pu-
⟨2⟩ trāṇāṁ kauśikī-vara-prasāda-labdha-rājyānāṁ mātr̥-gaṇa-paripālitānāṁ svāmi-ma(hā)-
⟨3⟩ sena-pādānuddhyātānāṁ bhagavan-nārāyaṇa-prasāda-samāsādita-vara-varāha-l(ā)-
⟨4⟩ ñchanekṣaṇa-kṣaṇa-vaśīkr̥tārāti-maṇḍalānām aśvamedhāvabhr̥¿t?⟨th⟩a-s(n)āna-pavitr¿i?⟨ī⟩-
⟨5⟩ kr̥ta-vapu◯ṣāṁ cālukyānāṁ kulam ala⟨ṁ⟩kariṣṇoḥ s{s}atyāśraya-vallabhe-
⟨6⟩ ndrasya bhrātā ku¿j?⟨b⟩ja-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa va⟨r⟩ṣāṇi| tat-suto jayasiṁhas trayastri-
⟨7⟩ (ṁ)śata(ṁ)| tad-anuj¿o?⟨e⟩ndrarāja-nandano viṣṇuvarddhano nava| tad-ātmajo maṁgi-yuvarājaḥ pa(ñca)-
⟨8⟩ viṁśati⟨ṁ⟩| tat-tanujo jayasiṁhas trayodaśa| tad-anujaḥ kokkiliṣ (ṣ)aṇ māsāN| tad-a-
⟨9⟩ graj(o) viṣṇurājo ⟨’⟩nujam uccāṭya saptatriṁśataṁ| tat-tanūjo vijayāditya-bhaṭṭāra-
⟨Page 2r⟩ 
⟨10⟩ ka Ekānnaviṁśatiṁ| tat-tanujo viṣṇurājaḥ ṣa¿s?⟨ṭ⟩triṁśataṁ| tat-sūnu⟨r⟩ vvijayādityo bhī-
⟨11⟩ ma-salki-nāmān¿ā?⟨a⟩ṁ tat-pakṣa-dakṣiṇa-gaṁga-balaṁ ca ni(r)jjityāṣṭaśata-narendreśvarā-
⟨12⟩ ṇāṁ karttā catvāriṁśataṁ| tat-tanaya(ḥ) kali-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ddhyarddha-varṣa(ṁ|) tat-putraḥ  kira-
⟨13⟩ ṇapuram acalapuram uru nellūra-pur¿ā?⟨aṁ⟩ vidāhya caitat ⟨t⟩ripuraṁ martya-maheśva-
⟨14⟩ ra-nāmn¿a?⟨ā⟩ khyā◯ta-yaśo-rāśir ābabhau yas satataṁ|  Atha ca|  kāliṁga-gaṁga-rū-
⟨15⟩ pyādi kośaleśa-dvipādi ca| pāṇḍya-pallava-hemādi haṭhāt ⟨t⟩yāgā(r)ttham āhara-
⟨16⟩ T|  gaṁgān āropayad gaṁga- kūṭam maṁgi-śiro ⟨’⟩c¿c?⟨ch⟩ina¿N?⟨T⟩| kr̥ṣṇaṁ raṇe ⟨’⟩jayad vaktuṁ ka(s sa)-
⟨17⟩ marttho ⟨’⟩s¿u?⟨ya⟩ sāhasāN|  sa vijayādityaś catuścatvāriṁśataṁ{|} veṁgī-deśam a(nu)-
⟨18⟩ varṣam avarddhayaT| tad-anujanmano yuvarājasya vikr¿ā?⟨a⟩mākrānta-sakala-dha-
⟨Page 2v⟩ 
⟨19⟩ rā-cakrasya vikramāditya-bhūpateḥ priya-tanayaḥ|  śākeṣv abdeṣu yāteṣv atha ma-
⟨20⟩ nu-vasu-saṁprāpt¿e?⟨a⟩-saṁkhyeṣu meṣe| mitre caitre ca maitre śaśini śaśi-dine kr̥ṣṇa-
⟨21⟩ pakṣa-dvitīye| yugma-rkṣasyodgame ⟨’⟩dhāt sakala-jana-mude paṭṭam ā-candra-tāra(ṁ|) 
⟨22⟩ śrīmā¡n!⟨ñ⟩ cālukya-bhīmaś catur-udadhi-lasa{(ṁ)}n-mekhalelā-talasya|  Atha ca|  ya-
⟨23⟩ sya khaḍga-ja◯la-vā⟨r⟩ddhi-nimagnaṁ| kr̥ṣṇa-vallabha-balaṁ sa-sapatnaṁ|  sa sarvva-lok(okā)-
⟨24⟩ śraya-śrī-viṣṇuvarddhana-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvaraḥ parama-brahmaṇyaḥ cālu-
⟨25⟩ kya-bhīma-nāmāttili-viṣaya-nivāsino rāṣṭrakūṭa-pramukhāN kuṭuṁbinaḥ 
⟨26⟩ Ittham ājñāpayati viditam astu vo ⟨’⟩smābhiḥ yā sā Apsaro¿ṣ?⟨p⟩amā thuṇḍa-
⟨27⟩ kākhyā tasyāḥ yaḥ putraḥ ⟨tu⟩ṁburu-samāno mallapākhyaḥ tat-sutāy¿(ā)?⟨ai⟩ calla-
⟨Page 3r⟩ 
⟨28⟩ (v)ākhyātasyai samasta-gāndharvva-vidyā-vedinyai Attili nāma grāme Aiśānyā-
⟨29⟩ n diśi sahasra{ṁ}-kramuka-taru-sthānaM tasm¿a?⟨i⟩nn eva grāme vāyavyān diśi pa(ṁ)-
⟨30⟩ cāśat-khaṇḍikā-vr¿i?⟨ī⟩hi-bījāvāpa-kṣetraṁ gr̥ha-sthānañ ca dattaM⟨.⟩ Asyo-
⟨31⟩ pari na kenacid bādhā kara(ṇ)īyā⟨.⟩ karo⟨ti⟩ yas sa pañca-mahā-pātaka-saṁyu-
⟨32⟩ to bhavati⟨.⟩◯ vyāsenāpy uktaM  ṣ{ṭ}aṣṭi(ṁ) varṣa-sahasrāṇi svargge modati 
⟨33⟩ bhūmi-daḥ Ākṣept¿a?⟨ā⟩ cānumantā ca tāny eva na(ra)ke vaseT(|)  (Ā)jñāp(t)ir a-
⟨34⟩ sya dharmmasya kaḍeya-r¿a?⟨ā⟩jaḥ| bhaṭṭa-vāmanena raciteya(ṁ) śāsana-pa(d)dha(t)i(ḥ|) 
⟨35⟩ cāmikuṟṟācāryyeṇa likhitā 
⟨Page 3v⟩ 

Seal

⟨1⟩ śrī-tribhuvanāṅkuśa

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1⟩ svasti⟨.⟩ śrīm¿ā?⟨a⟩tā⟨ṁ⟩ sakala-bhuvana-saṁstūyamāna-mānavya-sagotrāṇ¿a?⟨ā⟩ṁ hāriti-pu⟨2⟩trāṇāṁ kauśikī-vara-prasāda-labdha-rājyānāṁ mātr̥-gaṇa-paripālitānāṁ svāmi-ma(hā)⟨3⟩sena-pādānuddhyātānāṁ bhagavan-nārāyaṇa-prasāda-samāsādita-vara-varāha-l(ā)⟨4⟩ñchanekṣaṇa-kṣaṇa-vaśīkr̥tārāti-maṇḍalānām aśvamedhāvabhr̥¿t?⟨th⟩a-s(n)āna-pavitr¿i?⟨ī⟩⟨5⟩kr̥ta-vapu◯ṣāṁ cālukyānāṁ kulam ala⟨ṁ⟩kariṣṇoḥ s{s}atyāśraya-vallabhe⟨6⟩ndrasya bhrātā ku¿j?⟨b⟩ja-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa va⟨r⟩ṣāṇi| tat-suto jayasiṁhas trayastri⟨7⟩(ṁ)śata(ṁ)| tad-anuj¿o?⟨e⟩ndrarāja-nandano viṣṇuvarddhano nava| tad-ātmajo maṁgi-yuvarājaḥ pa(ñca)⟨8⟩viṁśati⟨ṁ⟩| tat-tanujo jayasiṁhas trayodaśa| tad-anujaḥ kokkiliṣ (ṣ)aṇ māsāN| tad-a⟨9⟩graj(o) viṣṇurājo ⟨’⟩nujam uccāṭya saptatriṁśataṁ| tat-tanūjo vijayāditya-bhaṭṭāra⟨Page 2r⟩⟨10⟩ka Ekānnaviṁśatiṁ| tat-tanujo viṣṇurājaḥ ṣa¿s?⟨ṭ⟩triṁśataṁ| tat-sūnu⟨r⟩ vvijayādityo bhī⟨11⟩ma-salki-nāmān¿ā?⟨a⟩ṁ tat-pakṣa-dakṣiṇa-gaṁga-balaṁ ca ni(r)jjityāṣṭaśata-narendreśvarā⟨12⟩ṇāṁ karttā catvāriṁśataṁ| tat-tanaya(ḥ) kali-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ddhyarddha-varṣa(ṁ|) tat-putraḥ

I. Āryāgīti

kira⟨13⟩ṇapuram acalapuram uru nellūra-pur¿ā?⟨aṁ⟩ vidāhya caitat ⟨t⟩ripuraṁ

martya-maheśva⟨14⟩ra-nāmn¿a?⟨ā⟩ khyā◯ta-yaśo-rāśir ābabhau yas satataṁ|

Atha ca|

II. Anuṣṭubh

kāliṁga-gaṁga-rū⟨15⟩pyādi

kośaleśa-dvipādi ca|

pāṇḍya-pallava-hemādi

haṭhāt ⟨t⟩yāgā(r)ttham āhara⟨16⟩T|

III. Anuṣṭubh

gaṁgān āropayad gaṁga-

kūṭam maṁgi-śiro ⟨’⟩c¿c?⟨ch⟩ina¿N?⟨T⟩|

kr̥ṣṇaṁ raṇe ⟨’⟩jayad vaktuṁ

ka(s sa)⟨17⟩marttho ⟨’⟩s¿u?⟨ya⟩ sāhasāN|

IV. Sragdharā

śākeṣv abdeṣu yāteṣv atha ma⟨20⟩nu-vasu-saṁprāpt¿e?⟨a⟩-saṁkhyeṣu meṣe|

mitre caitre ca maitre śaśini śaśi-dine kr̥ṣṇa⟨21⟩pakṣa-dvitīye|

yugma-rkṣasyodgame ⟨’⟩dhāt sakala-jana-mude paṭṭam ā-candra-tāra(ṁ|)

⟨22⟩ śrīmā¡n!⟨ñ⟩ cālukya-bhīmaś catur-udadhi-lasa{(ṁ)}n-mekhalelā-talasya|

Atha ca|

V. Svāgatā

ya⟨23⟩sya khaḍga-ja◯la-vā⟨r⟩ddhi-nimagnaṁ|

kr̥ṣṇa-vallabha-balaṁ sa-sapatnaṁ|

VI. Anuṣṭubh

ṣ{ṭ}aṣṭi(ṁ) varṣa-sahasrāṇi

svargge modati ⟨33⟩ bhūmi-daḥ

Ākṣept¿a?⟨ā⟩ cānumantā ca

tāny eva na(ra)ke vaseT(|)

(Ā)jñāp(t)ir a⟨34⟩sya dharmmasya kaḍeya-r¿a?⟨ā⟩jaḥ| bhaṭṭa-vāmanena raciteya(ṁ) śāsana-pa(d)dha(t)i(ḥ|) ⟨35⟩ cāmikuṟṟācāryyeṇa likhitā

⟨Page 3v⟩

Apparatus

Seal

Plates

⟨1⟩ hāriti- ⬦ hārīti- LR.

⟨6⟩ ku¿j?⟨b⟩ja- ⬦ kubja- LR.

⟨7⟩ -anuj¿o?⟨e⟩ndrarāja- ⬦ -anujendrarāja- LR • The right-hand stroke of the o marker is, here and throughout, a minuscule bend in the appendage of j (compare jā in line 24). Reading the expected je here would force me to also read the several instances of jo in the lower part of this page as je.

⟨10⟩ Ekānna° ⬦ Ekonna° LR.

⟨11⟩ °āṣṭaśata ⬦ °āṣṭāśata LR.

⟨13⟩ -pur¿ā?⟨aṁ⟩ ⬦ -purā(N) LR. — ⟨13⟩ caitat ⟨t⟩ripuraṁ ⬦ caitatripura- LR.

⟨15⟩ haṭhāt ⟨t⟩yāgā⟨r⟩ttham ⬦ harātyā Ittham LR • For a parallel LR cites the Vedatulūru grant of Bhīma I as reading hemādikalātyāgārthamāharaT.The reading there, as well as in the the Moga grant, is in fact balāt tyāgārttham āharaT (with slight emendations; both originals actually inscribe tyā, as in the present text). I am confident of haṭhāt here.

⟨16⟩ ⟨’⟩c¿c?⟨ch⟩ina¿N?⟨T⟩ ⬦ cchinaT LR. — ⟨16⟩ ⟨’⟩jayad vaktuṁ ⬦ jayac chaktuṁ LR • My reading is certain and is confirmed by the Moga grant. — ⟨16⟩ (ka)s sa⟨17⟩ma(r)ttho ⬦ kasta|⟨17⟩ma⟨r⟩ttho LR • kasta| is probably a typo in LR, since he explicitly emends samarttho, but notes nothing about this unintelligible word.

⟨17⟩ ⟨’⟩s¿u?⟨ya⟩ sāhasāN| ⬦ susāhasāN| LR • I emend on the basis of the Moga grant The present reading is also intelligible, but the sandhi suggests that it is a scribal mistake.

⟨20⟩ -saṁprāpt¿e?⟨a⟩-saṁkhyeṣu • LR prints -saṁprāpta-saṁkhyeṣu in his text and emends to -saṁprāpāsaṁkhyeṣu, but I believe this is a compound typo and his intent was to show the received reading and emend as I do. The character sa before khye is much smaller than other characters in the text, but the surface of the plate around it is pristine, so correction was certainly not involved.

⟨21⟩ -tāra(ṁ|) ⬦ -tāra¿ḥ?⟨ṁ⟩ LR.

⟨29⟩ -sthānaM ⬦ -sthānaṁ LR. — ⟨29⟩ tasm¿a?⟨i⟩nn ⬦ tasminn LR.

⟨30⟩ -bījāvāpa- ⬦ -bīja-vāpa- LR.

⟨32⟩ -saṁyu⟨32⟩to • There are some additional strokes below t; perhaps tko is in fact inscribed here.

Translation by Dániel Balogh

Seal

Plates

(1–12) Greetings! Satyāśraya Vallabhendra (Pulakeśin II) was eager to adorn the lineage of the majestic Caḷukyas—who are of the Mānavya gotra which is praised by the entire world, who are sons of Hāriti, who attained kingship by the grace of Kauśikī’s boon,¹ who are protected by the band of Mothers, who were deliberately appointed (to kingship) by Lord Mahāsena, to whom the realms of adversaries instantaneously submit at the [mere] sight of the superior Boar emblem they have acquired by the grace of the divine Nārāyaṇa, and whose bodies have been hallowed through washing in the purificatory ablutions (avabhr̥tha) of the Aśvamedha sacrifice. His brother Kubja Viṣṇuvardhana [reigned] for eighteen years. His son Jayasiṁha (I), for thirty-three. His younger brother Indrarāja’s son Viṣṇuvardhana (II), for nine. His son Maṅgi Yuvarāja, for twenty-five. His son Jayasiṁha (II), for thirteen. His younger brother Kokkili, for six months. After dethroning the younger brother, his elder brother Viṣṇurāja (Viṣṇuvardhana III), for thirty-seven. His son Vijayāditya (I) Bhaṭṭāraka, for nineteen. His son Viṣṇurāja (Viṣṇuvardhana IV), for thirty-six years. His son Vijayāditya (II), who constructed a hundred and eight Narendreśvara [temples] after defeating the one named Bhīma Salki and the force of Southern Gaṅgas that sided with him, [reigned] for forty [years]. His son Kali Viṣṇuvardhana (V), for a year and a half. His son—

I

who shone ever in a nimbus of glory by the name “Mortal Maheśvara (Śiva),” [for] having burned the three cities of Kiraṇapura, Acalapura and spacious Nellūrapura;

(14) furthermore,

II

vehemently seized, in order to donate it, the silver and other [goods] of the Kāliṅgas and the Gaṅgas, the elephants and other [goods] of the Lords of Kośala, and the gold and other [goods] of the Pāṇdyas and the Pallavas;

III

pressed the Gaṅgas up to the Gaṅga peak, struck off the head of Maṅgi, defeated Kr̥ṣṇa in battle—who would be capable of recounting his daring deeds?

(17–19) —that Vijayāditya (III) strengthened the land of Veṅgī year after year for forty-four [years]. His younger brother was the Heir Apparent Prince (bhūpati) Vikramāditya who conquered the entire circle of the earth by his valour (vikrama). His dear son,

IV

His Majesty Cālukya-Bhīma (I), upon the passing of Śaka years whose number is obtained through the Manus (14) and the Vasus (8) (i.e. Śaka 814 expired), with the Sun (mitra) in Aries (meṣa), in [the month] Caitra, with the moon in [the asterism] Maitra (i.e. Anurādhā), on a Monday, the second [day] of the dark fortnight, at the ascension of the constellation Gemini (yugma), donned to the delight of the people the eternal (ā-candra-tāra) turban of [sovereignty over] the surface of the earth whose glittering girdle is the four oceans.

(22) Furthermore,

V

The ocean whose water was his swords swallowed up, along with his rivals, the forces of Kr̥ṣṇa Vallabha.²

(23–26) that shelter of all the world (sarva-lokāśraya), His Majesty Viṣṇuvardhana, the supremely pious Supreme Lord (parameśvara) of Emperors (mahārājādhirāja), named Cālukya-Bhīma (I), commands all householders (kuṭumbin)—including foremost the territorial overseers (rāṣṭrakūṭa)—who reside in Attili district (viṣaya) as follows:

(26–32) Let it be known to you that to the [woman] known as Callavā, who knows the entire science of music (gāndharva), who is the daughter of [a man] called Mallapa who is the equal of Tumburu and who is the son of that [woman] equal to an apsaras called Thuṇḍakā, we have given an orchard of a thousand betelnut trees at the village named Attili to the northeastern direction (of the village), as well as as a field (sufficient) for sowing fifty khaṇḍikās of rice seed and a homestead plot at the same village, to the northwestern direction. Let no-one pose an obstacle [to her enjoyment of her rights] over it. He who does so shall be conjoined with the five great sins. Vyāsa too has said:

VI

A donor of land rejoices in heaven for sixty millennia, [while] a seizer (of granted land) and a condoner (of such seizure) shall reside in hell for just as many.

(33–35) The executor (ājñapti) of this provision (dharma) is the castellan (kaḍeya-rāja). The formulation (paddhati) of this decree was composed by Bhaṭṭa Vāmana. Written (likhita) by Cāmikuṟṟācārya.

Commentary

V

Stanza 5 consists only of two pādas. As LR notes, the remaining pādas can be supplied from stanza 3 of the Vedatulūru grant of Bhīma I as follows: mr̥ṇmayan tu caturaṁga-balaṁ vā kṣipram eva vilayaṁ gatam ājau.

Bibliography

Reported in Krishna Sastri 1918, p. 13, appendices A/1917-18, № 14 with some further details at Krishna Sastri 1918, p. 131, § 4. Edited from the original by K. V. Lakshmana Rao(1922), with estampages and translation. The present edition by Dániel Balogh is based on photos taken by myself in February 2023 at the Andhra Sahitya Parishad Museum, Kakinada, collated with Lakshmana Rao’s edition and facsimiles.³

Primary

[LR] Lakshmana Rao, Komarraju Venkata. 1922. “The Telugu Academy Plates of Bhima I. Saka 814.” JBORS 8, pp. 83–98.

Secondary

Krishna Sastri, H. 1918. G.O. No. 1172, 6th September 1918. Epigraphy. Recording, with remarks, the progress report of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for epigraphy, Southern Circle, for the year 1917-1918. No place. Page 13, appendixes A/1917-18, item 14.

Notes

1. Or, alternatively, by the grace of Kauśikī’s bridegroom, i.e. Śiva. In spite of its slight awkwardness, I prefer the former interpretation because the Bādāmi Cālukyas refer to themselves as nourished (saṁvardhita) by Kauśikī.
2. If the second hemistich of this stanza was omitted by scribal oversight, then the full stanza as supplied from a parallel attestation (see the commentary) would translate, “Sunk in the ocean whose water was his swords, the {four-branched} forces of Kr̥ṣṇa Vallabha along with his rivals dissolved in battle like a {chess} army made of (unbaked) clay {sunk in the (actual) ocean}.” Lakshmana Rao interprets the text to mean “The army of Krishnavallabha who was (Bhīma’s) rival,” but sa-sapatna does not in my opinion allow this interpretation. Instead, rivals separate from Kr̥ṣṇa Vallabha must have been meant here, probably ones from his own family, usually referred to with the word dāyāda) in other Eastern Cālukya inscriptions.
3. The published estampages have been evidently doctored by hand. Lakshmana Rao’s edition differs from the facsimile in numerous trivial details (e.g. reading an anusvāra where none is visible in the estampage), which may be silent emendations by the editor or details that were not cleared up by the person who retouched the plates. My apparatus does not indicate differences from Lakshmana Rao’s edition that I deem to be silent emendations or obvious typographic mistakes in the latter.

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<l n="ab">kira<lb n="13" break="no"/>ṇapuram acalapuram uru nellūra-pur<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>aṁ</corr></choice> vidāhya caitat <supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>ripuraṁ</l>

<l n="cd">martya-maheśva<lb n="14" break="no"/>ra-nāmn<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice> khyā<space type="binding-hole"/>ta-yaśo-rāśir ābabhau yas satataṁ|</l>

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<l n="c">pāṇḍya-pallava-hemādi</l>

<l n="d">haṭhāt <supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>yāgā<unclear>r</unclear>ttham āhara<lb n="16" break="no"/>T|</l></lg>

<l n="a" enjamb="yes">gaṁgān āropayad gaṁga</l>

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<l n="c">kr̥ṣṇaṁ raṇe <supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>jayad vaktuṁ</l>

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<l n="b">mitre caitre ca maitre śaśini śaśi-dine kr̥ṣṇa<lb n="21" break="no"/>pakṣa-dvitīye|</l>

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<l n="b">kr̥ṣṇa-vallabha-balaṁ sa-sapatnaṁ|</l>

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<l n="c">Ākṣept<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice> cānumantā ca</l>

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<lem>hāriti-</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">hārīti-</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">kubja-</rdg>

</app>

<lem>-anuj<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>ndrarāja-</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">-anujendrarāja-</rdg>

<note>The right-hand stroke of the <foreign>o</foreign> marker is, here and throughout, a minuscule bend in the appendage of <foreign>j</foreign> (compare <foreign>jā</foreign> in line 24). Reading the expected <foreign>je</foreign> here would force me to also read the several instances of <foreign>jo</foreign> in the lower part of this page as <foreign>je</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>Ekānna°</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">Ekonna°</rdg>

</app>

<lem>°āṣṭaśata</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">°āṣṭāśata</rdg>

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<lem>caitat <supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>ripuraṁ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">caitatripura-</rdg>

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<lem>haṭhāt <supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>yāgā<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>ttham</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">harātyā Ittham</rdg>

<note>For a parallel LR cites the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00100.xml">Vedatulūru grant of Bhīma I</ref> as reading <foreign>hemādikalātyāgārthamāharaT</foreign>.The reading there, as well as in the the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00026.xml">Moga grant</ref>, is in fact <foreign>balāt tyāgārttham āharaT</foreign> (with slight emendations; both originals actually inscribe <foreign>tyā</foreign>, as in the present text). I am confident of <foreign>haṭhāt</foreign> here.</note>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">cchinaT</rdg>

</app>

<lem><supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>jayad vaktuṁ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">jayac chaktuṁ</rdg>

<note>My reading is certain and is confirmed by the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00026.xml">Moga grant</ref>.</note>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">kasta| <lb n="17" break="no"/>ma<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>ttho</rdg>

<note><foreign>kasta|</foreign> is probably a typo in LR, since he explicitly emends <foreign>samarttho</foreign>, but notes nothing about this unintelligible word.</note>

</app>

<lem><supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>s<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ya</corr></choice> sāhasāN|</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">susāhasāN|</rdg>

<note>I emend on the basis of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00026.xml">Moga grant</ref> The present reading is also intelligible, but the sandhi suggests that it is a scribal mistake.</note>

</app>

<lem>-saṁprāpt<choice><sic>e</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>-saṁkhyeṣu</lem>

<note>LR prints <foreign>-saṁprāpta-saṁkhyeṣu</foreign> in his text and emends to <foreign>-saṁprāpāsaṁkhyeṣu</foreign>, but I believe this is a compound typo and his intent was to show the received reading and emend as I do. The character <foreign>sa</foreign> before <foreign>khye</foreign> is much smaller than other characters in the text, but the surface of the plate around it is pristine, so correction was certainly not involved.</note>

</app>

</app>

<lem>-sthānaM</lem>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">-sthānaṁ</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02">tasminn</rdg>

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<lem>-bījāvāpa-</lem>

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<lem>-saṁyu<lb n="32" break="no"/>to</lem>

<note>There are some additional strokes below <foreign>t</foreign>; perhaps <foreign>tko</foreign> is in fact inscribed here.</note>

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<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p n="1-12">Greetings! Satyāśraya Vallabhendra <supplied reason="explanation">Pulakeśin II</supplied> was eager to adorn the lineage of the majestic Caḷukyas—who are of the Mānavya <foreign>gotra</foreign> which is praised by the entire world, who are sons of Hāriti, who attained kingship by the grace of Kauśikī’s boon,<note>Or, alternatively, by the grace of Kauśikī’s bridegroom, i.e. Śiva. In spite of its slight awkwardness, I prefer the former interpretation because the Bādāmi Cālukyas refer to themselves as nourished <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>saṁvardhita</foreign></supplied> by Kauśikī.</note> who are protected by the band of Mothers, who were deliberately appointed <supplied reason="explanation">to kingship</supplied> by Lord Mahāsena, to whom the realms of adversaries instantaneously submit at the <supplied reason="subaudible">mere</supplied> sight of the superior Boar emblem they have acquired by the grace of the divine Nārāyaṇa, and whose bodies have been hallowed through washing in the purificatory ablutions <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>avabhr̥tha</foreign></supplied> of the Aśvamedha sacrifice. His brother Kubja Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="subaudible">reigned</supplied> for eighteen years. His son Jayasiṁha <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied>, for thirty-three. His younger brother Indrarāja’s son Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, for nine. His son Maṅgi Yuvarāja, for twenty-five. His son Jayasiṁha <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, for thirteen. His younger brother Kokkili, for six months. After dethroning the younger brother, his elder brother Viṣṇurāja <supplied reason="explanation">Viṣṇuvardhana III</supplied>, for thirty-seven. His son Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied> Bhaṭṭāraka, for nineteen. His son Viṣṇurāja <supplied reason="explanation">Viṣṇuvardhana IV</supplied>, for thirty-six years. His son Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, who constructed a hundred and eight Narendreśvara <supplied reason="subaudible">temples</supplied> after defeating the one named Bhīma Salki and the force of Southern Gaṅgas that sided with him, <supplied reason="subaudible">reigned</supplied> for forty <supplied reason="subaudible">years</supplied>. His son Kali Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">V</supplied>, for a year and a half. His son—</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="1">who shone ever in a nimbus of glory by the name “Mortal Maheśvara <supplied reason="explanation">Śiva</supplied>,” <supplied reason="subaudible">for</supplied> having burned the three cities of Kiraṇapura, Acalapura and spacious Nellūrapura;</p>

<p n="14">furthermore,</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="2">vehemently seized, in order to donate it, the silver and other <supplied reason="subaudible">goods</supplied> of the Kāliṅgas and the Gaṅgas, the elephants and other <supplied reason="subaudible">goods</supplied> of the Lords of Kośala, and the gold and other <supplied reason="subaudible">goods</supplied> of the Pāṇdyas and the Pallavas;</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="3">pressed the Gaṅgas up to the Gaṅga peak, struck off the head of Maṅgi, defeated Kr̥ṣṇa in battle—who would be capable of recounting his daring deeds?</p>

<p n="17-19">—that Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">III</supplied> strengthened the land of Veṅgī year after year for forty-four <supplied reason="subaudible">years</supplied>. His younger brother was the Heir Apparent Prince <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhūpati</foreign></supplied> Vikramāditya who conquered the entire circle of the earth by his valour <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vikrama</foreign></supplied>. His dear son,</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="4">His Majesty Cālukya-Bhīma <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied>, upon the passing of Śaka years whose number is obtained through the Manus <supplied reason="explanation">14</supplied> and the Vasus <supplied reason="explanation">8</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. Śaka 814 expired</supplied>, with the Sun <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mitra</foreign></supplied> in Aries <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>meṣa</foreign></supplied>, in <supplied reason="subaudible">the month</supplied> Caitra, with the moon in <supplied reason="subaudible">the asterism</supplied> Maitra <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. Anurādhā</supplied>, on a Monday, the second <supplied reason="subaudible">day</supplied> of the dark fortnight, at the ascension of the constellation Gemini <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>yugma</foreign></supplied>, donned to the delight of the people the eternal <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ā-candra-tāra</foreign></supplied> turban of <supplied reason="subaudible">sovereignty over</supplied> the surface of the earth whose glittering girdle is the four oceans.</p>

<p n="22">Furthermore,</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="5">The ocean whose water was his swords swallowed up, along with his rivals, the forces of Kr̥ṣṇa Vallabha.<note>If the second hemistich of this stanza was omitted by scribal oversight, then the full stanza as supplied from a parallel attestation (see the commentary) would translate, “Sunk in the ocean whose water was his swords, the <seg rend="pun">four-branched</seg> forces of Kr̥ṣṇa Vallabha along with his rivals dissolved in battle like a <seg rend="pun">chess</seg> army made of <supplied reason="explanation">unbaked</supplied> clay <seg rend="pun">sunk in the <supplied reason="explanation">actual</supplied> ocean</seg>.” Lakshmana Rao interprets the text to mean “The army of Krishnavallabha who was (Bhīma’s) rival,” but <foreign>sa-sapatna</foreign> does not in my opinion allow this interpretation. Instead, rivals separate from Kr̥ṣṇa Vallabha must have been meant here, probably ones from his own family, usually referred to with the word <foreign>dāyāda</foreign>) in other Eastern Cālukya inscriptions.</note></p>

<p n="23-26">that shelter of all the world <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sarva-lokāśraya</foreign></supplied>, His Majesty Viṣṇuvardhana, the supremely pious Supreme Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>parameśvara</foreign></supplied> of Emperors <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mahārājādhirāja</foreign></supplied>, named Cālukya-Bhīma <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied>, commands all householders <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kuṭumbin</foreign></supplied>—including foremost the territorial overseers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rāṣṭrakūṭa</foreign></supplied>—who reside in Attili district <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṣaya</foreign></supplied> as follows:</p>

<p n="26-32">Let it be known to you that to the <supplied reason="subaudible">woman</supplied> known as Callavā, who knows the entire science of music <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>gāndharva</foreign></supplied>, who is the daughter of <supplied reason="subaudible">a man</supplied> called Mallapa who is the equal of Tumburu and who is the son of that <supplied reason="subaudible">woman</supplied> equal to an <foreign>apsaras</foreign> called Thuṇḍakā, we have given an orchard of a thousand betelnut trees at the village named Attili to the northeastern direction <supplied reason="explanation">of the village</supplied>, as well as as a field <supplied reason="explanation">sufficient</supplied> for sowing fifty <foreign>khaṇḍikā</foreign>s of rice seed and a homestead plot at the same village, to the northwestern direction. Let no-one pose an obstacle <supplied reason="subaudible">to her enjoyment of her rights</supplied> over it. He who does so shall be conjoined with the five great sins. Vyāsa too has said:</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="6">A donor of land rejoices in heaven for sixty millennia, <supplied reason="subaudible">while</supplied> a seizer <supplied reason="explanation">of granted land</supplied> and a condoner <supplied reason="explanation">of such seizure</supplied> shall reside in hell for just as many.</p>

<p n="33-35">The executor <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ājñapti</foreign></supplied> of this provision <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>dharma</foreign></supplied> is the castellan <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaḍeya-rāja</foreign></supplied>. The formulation <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paddhati</foreign></supplied> of this decree was composed by Bhaṭṭa Vāmana. Written <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>likhita</foreign></supplied> by Cāmikuṟṟācārya.

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<p rend="stanza" n="5">Stanza 5 consists only of two <foreign>pāda</foreign>s. As LR notes, the remaining <foreign>pāda</foreign>s can be supplied from stanza 3 of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00100.xml">Vedatulūru grant of Bhīma I</ref> as follows: <foreign>mr̥ṇmayan tu caturaṁga-balaṁ vā kṣipram eva vilayaṁ gatam ājau</foreign>.</p>

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1917-1918"/><citedRange unit="page">13</citedRange><citedRange unit="appendix">A/1917-18</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">14</citedRange></bibl> with some further details at <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1917-1918"/><citedRange unit="page">131</citedRange><citedRange unit="section">4</citedRange></bibl>. Edited from the original by K. V. Lakshmana Rao(<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:LakshmanaRao1922_02"/></bibl>), with estampages and translation. The present edition by Dániel Balogh is based on photos taken by myself in February 2023 at the Andhra Sahitya Parishad Museum, Kakinada, collated with Lakshmana Rao's edition and facsimiles.<note>The published estampages have been evidently doctored by hand. Lakshmana Rao's edition differs from the facsimile in numerous trivial details (e.g. reading an <foreign>anusvāra</foreign> where none is visible in the estampage), which may be silent emendations by the editor or details that were not cleared up by the person who retouched the plates. My apparatus does not indicate differences from Lakshmana Rao's edition that I deem to be silent emendations or obvious typographic mistakes in the latter.</note></p>

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