1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
·<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
·<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
·<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
5<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>
·<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>
·<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="eng">
· <teiHeader>
· <fileDesc>
10 <titleStmt>
· <title>Kolaveṇṇu plates of Bhīma II</title>
·
· <respStmt>
· <resp>Encoding</resp>
15 <persName ref="part:daba">
· <forename>Dániel</forename>
· <surname>Balogh</surname>
· </persName>
· </respStmt>
20 <respStmt>
· <resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
· <persName ref="part:daba">
· <forename>Dániel</forename>
· <surname>Balogh</surname>
25 </persName>
· </respStmt>
· </titleStmt>
· <publicationStmt>
· <authority>DHARMA</authority>
30 <pubPlace>Berlin</pubPlace>
· <idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00033</idno>
· <availability>
· <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
· <p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
35 Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
· https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
· Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
· California, 94041, USA.</p>
· <p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Dániel Balogh.</p>
40 </licence>
· </availability>
· <date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
· </publicationStmt>
· <sourceDesc>
45 <msDesc>
· <msIdentifier>
· <repository>DHARMAbase</repository>
· <idno/>
·
50
· </msIdentifier>
· <msContents>
· <summary></summary>
·
55 </msContents>
· <physDesc>
· <handDesc>
· <p>Halantas. </p>
· <p>Original punctuation marks </p>
60 <p>Other palaeographic observations. </p>
· <p></p>
·
·
·
65
·
· </handDesc>
· </physDesc>
· </msDesc>
70 </sourceDesc>
· </fileDesc>
· <encodingDesc>
· <projectDesc>
· <p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)
75 under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
· agreement no 809994).</p>
· </projectDesc>
· <schemaRef type="guide" key="EGDv01" url="https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-02888186"/>
· <listPrefixDef>
80 <prefixDef ident="bib" matchPattern="([a-zA-Z0-9\-\_]+)" replacementPattern="https://www.zotero.org/groups/1633743/erc-dharma/items/tag/$1">
· <p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named
· ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>
· </prefixDef>
· <prefixDef ident="part" matchPattern="([a-z]+)" replacementPattern="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml#$1">
85 <p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the
· <ref>DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>
· </prefixDef>
· </listPrefixDef>
· </encodingDesc>
90 <revisionDesc>
· <change who="part:axja" when="2020-11-03" status="draft">Updating toward the encoding template v03</change>
· <change who="part:daba" when="2020-10-12" status="draft">Initial encoding of the file</change>
·
· </revisionDesc>
95 </teiHeader>
· <text xml:space="preserve">
· <body>
·
·<div type="edition" xml:lang="san-Latn" rendition="class:83225 maturity:83213">
100<div type="textpart" n="A"><head xml:lang="eng">Seal</head>
· <ab><lb n="1"/>śrī-tribhuvanāṁkuśa</ab>
·</div>
·<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>
·<pb n="1r"/>
105<lg n="1" met="anuṣṭubh">
·<l n="a"><pb n="1v"/><lb n="1"/>hari-nābhi-saro-janmā</l>
·<l n="b">meru-nāla-viśālitaḥ</l>
·<l n="c" enjamb="yes">Ajasya janma-bhūr ādi</l>
·<l n="d">-padmo jayati śā<lb n="2" break="no"/>śvataṁ</l>
110</lg>
·<p>svasti<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> śrīmatāṁ sakala-bhuvana-saṁstūyamāna-mānavya-sagotrānāṁ hārīti-pu<lb n="3" break="no"/>trāṇāṁ kauśikī-vara-prasāda-labdha-rājyānāṁ mātr̥-gaṇa-paripālitānāṁ svāmi-mahāse<lb n="4" break="no"/>na-pādānudhyātānāṁ bhagavan-nārāyaṇa-prasāda-samāsādita-vara-varā<lb n="5" break="no"/>ha-lāṁcchanekṣaṇa-kṣaṇa-vaśīkr̥tārāti-maṇḍalānā<surplus>ṁ</surplus>m aśvamedh<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>vabhr̥tha-snāna-pa<lb n="6" break="no"/>vitrīkr̥ta-vapuṣāṁ cālukyānāṁ kulam alaṁkariṣṇoḥ| satyāśrayasya <lb n="7"/>bhrātā kubja-viṣṇur aṣṭādaśa varṣ<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ṇi| tat-putro jayasiṁhas trayastriṁśataṁ| tad-bhrātur i<lb n="8" break="no"/>nd<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>a-rājasya nandano viṣṇuvarddhano nava| tat-suto maṁgi-yuvarājaḫ paṁcaviṁśati<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied>| tad-ātma<lb n="9" break="no"/>jo jayasiṁh<orig>a</orig> trayodaśa| tad-<supplied reason="omitted">d</supplied>vaimāturā<supplied reason="omitted">nu</supplied>jaḥ kokkil<orig>i</orig> ṣaṇ mās<choice><orig>a<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied></orig><reg>āN</reg></choice>| taj-<supplied reason="omitted">j</supplied>yeṣṭho viṣṇuvarddha<pb n="2r" break="no"/><lb n="10" break="no"/>nas saptatriṁśataṁ| tad-auraso vijayāditya-bhaṭṭāra<supplied reason="omitted">ka</supplied> Aṣṭādaśa| tat-putro viṣṇurāj<orig>a</orig> ṣa<lb n="11" break="no"/>ṭtriṁśataṁ| tat-sūnur nnarendra-mr̥garāj<orig>a</orig> catvāriṁśataṁ| tat-suta<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> kali-viṣṇuvarddhano <supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>ṣṭādaśa <lb n="12"/>mās<choice><orig>aṁ</orig><reg>āN</reg></choice>| tat-tanujo guṇakenalla-vijayādity<orig>a</orig> <choice><orig>catu</orig><reg>catuś</reg></choice>catvāriṁśataṁ| tad-anuja-vikra<lb n="13" break="no"/>mādityātmajaś cālukya-bhīm<orig>a</orig> triṁśataṁ| tat-putro vijayādity<orig>a</orig> ṣaṇ mās<choice><orig>āṁ</orig><reg>āN</reg></choice><supplied reason="omitted">|</supplied> <lb n="14"/>tat-tanujo <supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>mma-rāj<orig>a</orig> sapta saṁvatsar<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>N| tat-sūnur vvijayādity<orig>a</orig> pa<lb n="15" break="no"/>kṣaṁ| tad-anu tāḻapa-rājo māsaṁ| taṁ vinirjjitya cālukya-bh<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ma-<supplied reason="omitted">ta</supplied>na<lb n="16" break="no"/>yo vikramādity<orig>a</orig> saṁ<supplied reason="omitted">va</supplied>tsaraṁ sa-tri-kaliṁgaṁ veṁgi-maṇḍalam apālayaT<g type="ddanda">.</g></p>
·<lg n="2" met="anuṣṭubh">
·<l n="a">dvaimāturo <supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>mmarā<lb n="17" break="no"/>jasya</l>
·<l n="b">vijayāditya-nandana<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></l>
115<l n="c">cālukya-bhīmo badhnāti</l>
·<l n="d">paṭṭam ācandra-tārakaṁ|</l>
·</lg>
·<lg n="3" met="lalitā">
·<l n="ab">yas tāta<lb n="18" break="no"/>-<unclear>bi</unclear>kyanākhya<surplus><unclear>ṁ</unclear></surplus>n dhaḻadi<unclear>ṁ</unclear> munniṟiva-rājamārttaṇḍ<unclear>au</unclear></l>
120<l n="cd">Ājau vijitya bāhvā <surplus>rg</surplus>gāpayati ja<pb n="2v" break="no"/><lb n="19" break="no"/>nair <choice><sic>ṇ</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>nijaṁ janodāh<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>raṇaṁ<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>
·</lg>
·<p>merur ivālaṁghya-mahimā<g type="ddanda">.</g> Indur i<supplied reason="omitted">va</supplied> sakala-kalādhā<lb n="20" break="no"/>ras sa sarvva-lokāśraya-śrī-viṣṇuvarddhana-mahārāj<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>dhirāja-parameśvara-parama-<supplied reason="omitted">bha</supplied>ṭṭā<lb n="21" break="no"/>raka<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> parama-bra<unclear>hmaṇy</unclear><choice><sic><unclear>ā</unclear></sic><corr>aḥ</corr></choice> <unclear>ka</unclear>ṇḍeṟuvāṭi-viṣaya-nivāsino rāṣṭrak<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>ṭa-pramukhāN kuṭ<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>u</reg></choice>ṁ<lb n="22" break="no"/>bina I<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>tham ājñ<orig>a</orig>payati<g type="ddanda">.</g></p>
·<lg n="4" met="gīti">
·<l n="ab">pānara-mahīpa-pāvana-satya-tyāgābhimāna<lb n="23" break="no"/>-śaurrya-nidhiḥ|</l>
125<l n="cd" real="++-+-+--+++---+-+++-">mad-rājya-rakṣaṇāṁsala-bāhur vvājjaya Iti kṣitīśas te<lb n="24" break="no"/>na|</l>
·</lg>
·<ab>prārtthyamānair asmābhiḥ</ab>
·<lg n="5" met="anuṣṭubh">
·<l n="a" enjamb="yes">Ābharadvasukālmādi</l>
130<l n="b">-vāstavyād revaśarmmaṇaḥ</l>
·<l n="c"><unclear>d</unclear>e<lb n="25" break="no"/>ṇiya-kramako jajñe</l>
·<l n="d">ved<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>-vedāṁga-vid vibhuḥ</l>
·</lg>
·<lg n="6" met="anuṣṭubh">
135<l n="a" real="++++++">s<choice><sic>ya</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>treṇāpastaṁbaḥ</l>
·<l n="b">kommaṇaḥ kula-bhūṣa<lb n="26" break="no"/>ṇaḥ</l>
·<l n="c">suta<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> sv-abhijanas tasya|</l>
·<l n="d">brahma-śrī-bhāsvara-dyutiḥ|</l>
·</lg>
140<lg n="7" met="anuṣṭubh">
·<l n="a">kandamavvātmajaḥ kāntyā<surplus>ḥ</surplus></l>
·<l n="b">kā<lb n="27" break="no"/>maḥ kāmadhug artthināṁ|</l>
·<l n="c">yat-sampat-sarasīm etya<surplus>ḥ</surplus></l>
·<l n="d">vipra-haṁsā vibhānty amī|</l>
145</lg>
·<lg n="8" met="anuṣṭubh">
·<l n="a"><pb n="3r"/><lb n="28"/>yat-putra-pautrāḥ paṭavo</l>
·<l n="b">vaṭavo vāra-goṣṭhiṣu|</l>
·<l n="c">Agrahārāgra-<unclear>pū</unclear>j<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>nām</l>
150<l n="d">ā<lb n="29" break="no"/>pn<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>u</corr></choice>vanti paraṁparāṁ</l>
·</lg>
·<p>tasm<choice><sic>e</sic><corr>ai</corr></choice> kommaṇa-krama-vide sarvva-kara-parihāreṇa koḍhata<lb n="30" break="no"/>lli nāma grāmaḥ Agrahār<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>kr̥tya Udaka-pūrvvam uttarāyaṇa-nimitte dattam i<lb n="31" break="no"/>ti viditam astu vaḥ</p>
·<p>yasy<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>vadhayaḥ p<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>rvvataḥ
·</p>
155<pb n="3v"/>
·</div>
·</div>
·
·
160
·
·
·<div type="apparatus">
· <div type="textpart" n="A"><head xml:lang="eng">Seal</head>
165 </div>
· <div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>
· <listApp>
· <app loc="8">
· <lem>-yuvarājaḫ paṁca°</lem>
170 <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1890_01">-yuvarājaṣ paṁca°</rdg>
· <note>I assume that an <foreign>upadhmānīya</foreign> was intended here. Autopsy may tell whether it is in all respects identical to an <foreign>ṣ</foreign>, as found in lines 11 and 13 of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00032.xml">Diggubaṟṟu grant of Bhīma II</ref>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="15">
· <lem source="bib:Hultzsch1890_01">tāḻapa-</lem>
175 <note>If and when the original or a facsimile is available, check whether the spelling is not with <foreign>ḷ</foreign>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="18">
· <lem source="bib:Hultzsch1907-1908_02">°ākhya<surplus><unclear>ṁ</unclear></surplus>n dhaḻadi<unclear>ṁ</unclear> munniṟiva-rājamārttaṇḍ<unclear>au</unclear></lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1890_01">°ākhyaṁ <sic>nvaḻadimunniṟiva</sic> rāja-mārttaṇḍ<orig>o</orig></rdg>
180 <rdg source="bib:Fleet1902-1903_01">°ākhya<surplus><unclear>ṁ</unclear></surplus>n dhaḻadi<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> munniṟiva-rāja-mārttaṇḍo <supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>sau</rdg>
· <note>See the commentary for further details on the conjectures offered for this locus.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="23">
· <lem>pānara- <gap reason="ellipsis"/> te<lb n="24" break="no"/>na|</lem>
185 <note>Read by Hultzsch as prose, I am certain that this was intended to be a <foreign>gīti</foreign> stanza, emboldened by the presence of punctuation after both halves and in both cases inconsistent with the syntax and thus intended for verse segmentation. The second hemistich is unmetrical, with an extra syllable at the end. One way to resolve this is to emend <foreign>kṣitīśas tena</foreign> to <foreign>kṣitīśena</foreign>. But given the structure of the composition with a snatch of connecting prose after the stanza, I think the composer rather had something like <foreign>kṣitīśo 'sti</foreign> in mind, followed by <foreign>tena</foreign> in the connecting prose rather than within the stanza. I thus believe we have a scribal error in the text as well as in the position of the punctuation mark.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="24">
· <lem>Ābharadvasukālmādi-</lem>
· <note>Being unable to verify it, I accept Hultzsch's reading. I wonder, however, if it is possible to read (or emend to) something involving <foreign>bhāradvāja</foreign> here (e.g. <foreign>bhāradvājeṣu kālmādi-</foreign> or <foreign>subhāradvāja-kālmādi-</foreign>). The word is rather long for a place name, and the donee's <foreign>gotra</foreign> is nowhere else stated.</note>
190 </app>
· <app loc="24">
· <lem><unclear>d</unclear>e<lb n="25" break="no"/>ṇiya-</lem>
· <note>Hultzsch prints the first character as a clear <foreign>de</foreign>, but observes that there is a crack to the right of it, and that it may have been <foreign>pe</foreign>.</note>
· </app>
195 <app loc="25">
· <lem>s<choice><sic>ya</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>treṇāpastaṁbaḥ</lem>
· <note>I am baffled by this glaringly unmetrical line and have no suggestions to improve it.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="26">
200 <lem>sv-abhijanas</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1890_01">sv<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>bhijanas</rdg>
· <note>I find <foreign>sv-abhijana</foreign> better in the context than Hultzsch's emendation <foreign>svābhijana</foreign>.</note>
· </app>
· <app loc="28">
205 <lem>vāra-</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1890_01">v<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ra-</rdg>
· <note>Although I know of no attestation for <foreign>vāra-goṣṭhī</foreign>, I think the compound can be interpreted in the context without resorting to emendation.</note>
· </app>
·
210
·
· </listApp>
· </div>
·
215</div>
·
·
·
·<div type="translation" resp="part:daba">
220 <div type="textpart" n="A"><head xml:lang="eng">Seal</head>
· </div>
· <div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>
·<p rend="stanza" n="1">Born in the lake that is Hari’s <supplied reason="explanation">Viṣṇu’s</supplied> navel, raised high on a stalk that is <supplied reason="explanation">Mount</supplied> Meru—ever victorious is the primordial lotus, the birthplace of the Unborn <supplied reason="explanation">Brahmā</supplied>.</p>
·<p n="2-16">Greetings. Satyāśraya <supplied reason="explanation">Pulakeśin II</supplied> was eager to adorn the lineage of the majestic Cālukyas—who are of the Mānavya <foreign>gotra</foreign> which is praised by the entire world, who are sons of Hārīti, who attained kingship by the grace of Kauśikī’s boon, who are protected by the band of Mothers, who were deliberately appointed <supplied reason="explanation">to kingship</supplied> by Lord Mahāsena, to whom enemy territories instantaneously submit at the <supplied reason="subaudible">mere</supplied> sight of the superior Boar emblem they have acquired by the grace of the divine Nārāyaṇa, and whose bodies have been hallowed through washing in the purificatory ablutions <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>avabhr̥tha</foreign></supplied> of the Aśvamedha sacrifice. His brother Kubja Viṣṇu<supplied reason="explanation">vardhana</supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">reigned</supplied> for eighteen years. His son Jayasiṁha <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied>, for thirty-three. His brother Indrarāja’s <supplied reason="explanation">Indra Bhaṭṭāraka’s</supplied> son Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, for nine. His son Maṅgi Yuvarāja, for twenty-five. His son Jayasiṁha <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, for thirteen. His younger brother by a different mother, Kokkili, for six months. His eldest <supplied reason="subaudible">brother</supplied> Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">III</supplied>, for thirty-seven. His son Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied> Bhaṭṭāraka, for eighteen. His son Viṣṇurāja <supplied reason="explanation">Viṣṇuvardhana IV</supplied>, for thirty-six. His son <supplied reason="explanation">Vijayāditya II</supplied> Narendramr̥garāja, for forty. His son Kali-Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">V</supplied>, for eighteen months. His son Guṇakenalla Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">III</supplied>, for forty-four. The son of his younger brother Vikramāditya, Cālukya-Bhīma, for thirty. His son Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">IV</supplied>, for six months. His son Ammarāja <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied>, for seven years. His son Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">V</supplied>, for a fortnight. After him, King <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rājan</foreign></supplied> Tāḻapa for a month. After defeating him, Cālukya-Bhīma’s son Vikramāditya <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied> protected <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pāl-</foreign></supplied> the country of Veṅgī together with the three Kaliṅgas for a year.</p>
225<p rend="stanza" n="2">The son of Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">IV</supplied>, Ammarāja’s brother by a different mother, Cālukya-Bhīma <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">now</supplied> wears the turban <supplied reason="explanation">of royalty</supplied> while the moon and stars <supplied reason="subaudible">remain</supplied>.</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="3">He who with his arm defeated in battle the one called Tāta-Bikyana, <supplied reason="subaudible">as well as</supplied> Dhaḻadi, Munniṟiva and Rājamārttaṇḍa, <supplied reason="subaudible">now</supplied> causes <seg cert="low"><supplied reason="explanation">their</supplied> subjects to sing his own public proclamation</seg>.<note>The text of this stanza is rather hard to interpret. See the apparatus to line 18, and the commentary, about the associated reading problems. Hultzsch’s translation of his original reading ran as follows: <q>Having conquered in a battle with his arm Tāta-Bikyana(?) . . ., this Rāja-mārtaṇḍa <supplied reason="explanation">i.e. the sun among kings</supplied> causes his fame to be sung by the people.</q></note></p>
·<p n="19-22">That shelter of all the world <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>sarva-lokāśraya</foreign></supplied>, the supremely pious Supreme Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>parameśvara</foreign></supplied> of Emperors <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mahārājādhirāja</foreign></supplied>, the Supreme Sovereign <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>parama-bhaṭṭāraka</foreign></supplied>, whose greatness is as insurmountable as <seg rend="pun">the height</seg> of Meru <seg rend="pun">is impossible to jump over</seg>, and who is a vessel of all arts as the moon <seg rend="pun">is a receptacle for all its digits</seg>—His Majesty Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">Bhīma II</supplied> commands the householders <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kuṭumbin</foreign></supplied>—including foremost the territorial overseers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rāṣṭrakūṭa</foreign></supplied>—who reside in Kaṇḍeṟuvāṭi district <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṣaya</foreign></supplied> as follows:</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="4"><supplied reason="subaudible">There is</supplied> a king <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kṣitīśa</foreign></supplied> called Vājjaya, the purifier of the rulers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mahīpa</foreign></supplied> of Pānara<note>Hultzsch’s commentary speaks of <q>the Pānara prince Vājjaya</q>, i.e. he understands “purifier” in the sense of one who brings honour to or uplifts <supplied reason="explanation">his own lineage</supplied>. While this is entirely possible, I think it is equally possible that “purifier” is to be understood as one who purges or chastises <supplied reason="explanation">enemies</supplied>. Thus, the Pānaras or rulers of Pānara may have been enemies here.</note> and a repository of honour, generosity, dignity and valour, whose brawny arm is the protector of my kingdom.</p>
·<p n="24">Being requested by him, we <supplied reason="explanation">Bhīma II</supplied>—</p>
230<p rend="stanza" n="5">From Revaśarman, a resident of Ābharadvasukālmādi,<note>I believe the name of the village may have been only the latter part of this string, and the former part may identify the donee’s grandfather as a member of the Bhāradvāja <foreign>gotra</foreign>. See the apparatus to this word in line 24.</note> was born the resplendent <foreign>krama</foreign>-reciter Deṇiya, conversant with the Vedas and Vedāṅgas.</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="6">His well-born son is Kommaṇa, a jewel of his lineage, a follower of the Āpastamba <foreign>sūtra</foreign> who glowed with the brilliance of Brahmanic majesty.</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="7">Born of <supplied reason="explanation">his mother</supplied> Kandamavvā, he is Kāma in beauty and a cow of plenty <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>surabhi</foreign></supplied> to supplicants. Those Brahmins flock to his largesse like geese to a lake.</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="8">His sons and grandsons, youngsters clever in committee assemblies <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vāra-goṣṭhi</foreign></supplied>,<note>Hultzsch translates <q>in assemblies of eminent men.</q> I prefer to understand <foreign>vāra</foreign> to mean an official or a body of officials, as suggested by Kielhorn (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Kielhorn1898-1899_01"/><citedRange unit="page">138</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">7</citedRange></bibl>), Subrahmanya Aiyer (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1935-1936_01"/><citedRange>27-28</citedRange></bibl>) and Sircar (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Sircar1966_01"/><citedRange unit="entry">pañcavāra</citedRange></bibl>).</note> earn a succession of land grants <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>agrahāra</foreign></supplied> and high honours.</p>
·<p n="29-31">—to that <foreign>krama</foreign>-reciter Kommaṇa <supplied reason="subaudible">we, Bhīma II</supplied> have given on the occasion of the winter solstice the village named Koḍhatalli, converted into a rent-free holding <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>agrahāra</foreign></supplied> by a remission of all taxes, <supplied reason="subaudible">the donation being</supplied> sanctified by <supplied reason="explanation">a libation of</supplied> water. Let this be known to you.</p>
235<p n="31">The boundaries of which <supplied reason="subaudible">village are as follows</supplied>. To the east …</p>
· </div>
·</div>
·
·
240
·<div type="translation" xml:lang="fra" source="bib:Estienne-Monod2008_01">
· <div type="textpart" n="A"><head xml:lang="eng">Seal</head>
· </div>
· <div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>
245<p rend="stanza" n="1">Naît dans le lac qu’est le nombril de Hari, grandi par la tige qu’est le Meru,
·le lotus primordial qu’est le lieu de naissance d’Aja<note>Nom d’un brahmane.</note> est éternellement victorieux !</p>
·<p n="2-16">Prospérité ! Kubja Viṣṇu, frère de Satyāśraya, ornement de la lignée des Calukya, illustres, du même <foreign>gotra</foreign> que les descendants de Manu, honorés dans l’univers entier, fils de Hāriti, qui obtinrent leur royaume grâce à l’excellente faveur de Kauśikī, protégés par la troupes des Mères, méditant aux pieds du seigneur Mahāsena, dont le cercle des ennemis fut soumis en un instant à la vue du signe illustre de l’excellent sanglier, faveur octroyée par le bienheureux Nārāyaṇa, dont les corps furent purifiés par le bain purificatoire de l’<foreign>aśvamedha</foreign>, <supplied reason="subaudible">règna</supplied> pendant dix-huit années ;
·son fils, Jayasiṁha, pendant trente-trois <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied> ;
·le fils de son frère Indrarāja, Viṣṇuvardhana, pendant neuf <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied> ;
250le fils de celui-ci, Maṁgi Yuvarāja, pendant <supplied reason="subaudible">vingt-cinq années</supplied> ;
·son fils, Jayasiṁha, pendant treize <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied> ;
·son demi-frère, Kokkili, pendant six mois ;
·le frère aîné de celui-ci, Viṣṇuvardhana, pendant trente-sept <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied> ;
·son fils Vijayāditya Bhaṭṭāraka pendant dix-huit <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied> ;
255le fils de celui-ci, Viṣṇurāja, pendant trente-six <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied>;
·son fils Narendra Mr̥garāja pendant quarante <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied> ;
·le fils de celui-ci, Kali Viṣṇuvarddhana, pendant dix-huit mois ;
·son fils, Guṇakenalla Vijayāditya, pendant quarante-quatre <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied> ;
·le fils du frère cadet de ce dernier, Cālukya Bhīma, pendant trentre <supplied reason="subaudible">années</supplied> ;
260son fils Vijayāditya pendant six mois ;
·le fils de celui-ci, Ammarāja, pendant sept ans ;
·son fils, Vijayāditya, pendant quinze jours ;
·après celui-ci, Tāḻaparāja pendant un mois ;
·ayant vaincu de dernier, le fils de Cālukya Bhīma, Vikramāditya, protégea le royaume de Veṁgī et les trois Kaliṁga pendant une année ;</p>
265<p rend="stanza" n="2">le demi-frère d’Ammarāja, fils de Vijayāditya,
·Cālukya Bhīma noue le bandeau <supplied reason="subaudible">royal</supplied> pour une durée aussi longue que celle <supplied reason="subaudible">de l’existence</supplied> de la lune et des étoiles ;</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="3">
·lui qui, ayant vaincu au combat de son bras celui qui se nomme Tātabikyana, Rājamārttaṇḍa fait chanter par les hommes son propre panégyrique.</p>
·<p n="19-22">Pareil au Meru, sa grandeur ne peut être surpassée, pareil à la lune avec tous ses quartiers, il connaît tous les arts,
270lui, refuge de tous les hommes, l’illustre Viṣṇuvardhana, roi suprême des grands rois, seigneur suprême, éminent seigneur, excellent dévôt, ordonne ceci aux chefs de famille habitant le <foreign>viṣaya</foreign> de Kaṇḍeṟuvāṭi, <foreign>rāṣṭrakūṭa</foreign> en tête :</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="4">Il est un roi nommé Vājjaya, qui purifia le prince des Pānara, réceptacle de vérité, de libéralité, de fierté et d’héroïsme, dont le bras vigoureux protège mon royaume,</p>
·<p n="24"><supplied reason="subaudible">roi</supplied> par lequel nous avons été sollicités.</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="5">De Revaśarman, habitant à Ābharadvasukālmādi,
·naquit le récitant Deṇiya, qui connaissait les Veda et Vedāṁga, éminent.</p>
275<p rend="stanza" n="6">Sectateur du <foreign>sūtra</foreign> Āpastaṁba, Kommaṇa, ornement de sa famille,
·fut son fils, né dans la même famille, revêtu d’une lumineuse splendeur par l’éclat du
·Veda.</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="7">Le fils de Kandamavvā,<note>Du fait de la mention dans la strophe précédente du père de Kommaṇa, Deṇiya, nous supposons qu’il s’agit ici de sa mère : Kandamavvā. Mais on peut aussi lire : Kandamavva.</note> <supplied reason="subaudible">est</supplied> Kāma par sa beauté, la vache des désirs pour les
·suppliants,
280ayant approché l’étang qu’est sa prospérité, ces cygnes que sont les brahmanes
·resplendissent.</p>
·<p rend="stanza" n="8">Ses fils et petit-fils, très brillants dans les éminentes assemblées,
·obtiennent une succession d’agrahāra et d’hommages.</p>
·<p n="29-31">Qu’il soit connu de vous que nous donnons à ce Kommaṇa, qui connaît les récitations, le village nommé Koḍhatalli, exempté de toute taxe, en qualité d’<foreign>agrahāra</foreign> , après avoir fait une libation d’eau, à l’occasion du solstice d’hiver.</p>
285<p n="31">Les limites sont à l’est<note>Aucune lettre n’apparaît à la suite de celle-ci. Nous supposons que l’inscription n’est pas achevée.</note>
·</p>
·
· </div>
·</div>
290
·
·
·
·<div type="commentary">
295<p>Throughout stanza 3, I show the text as read and emended by Hultzsch because lacking access to a facsimile, I prefer not to alter his readings. However, I believe that the passage is in fact a stanza in a moraic metre. For the unintelligible string, Fleet (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Fleet1902-1903_01"/><citedRange unit="page">182</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">1</citedRange></bibl>) proposes to read and emend <foreign>°ākhya<surplus>ṁ</surplus>n dhaḻadi<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> munn-iṟiva</foreign>. He only says the words <foreign>munn-iṟiva</foreign> are Kanarese, but does not translate them. He assumes that Dhaḻadi is a name, meaning the same person as Dhaḻaga in line 35 of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00037.xml">Kalucuṁbaṟṟu grant of Amma II</ref>. He further identifies the stanza as an <foreign>āryāgīti</foreign> and to obtain it, emends the end of the first hemistich to <foreign>mārttaṇḍo <supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>sau</foreign>, which strikes me as somewhat forced in spite of the non-standard sandhi in the text as received. Since I am now aware that the rare gaṇacchandas metre <foreign>lalitā</foreign> occurs in several related inscriptions (e.g. stanza 2 of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00036.xml">Guṇḍugolanu grant of Amma II</ref>), I feel quite certain that this is the metre used here. Finally, Hultzsch (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1907-1908_02"/><citedRange>49</citedRange></bibl>), having become convinced that Rājamārtaṇḍa is not Bhīma’s name but one of his enemies, perhaps the same as Rājamayya, suggests the revised reading <foreign>yas tāta bikyanākhyaṁ dhaḻadiṁ munniṟiva-rājamārttaṇḍau</foreign> (where he probably intends <foreign>°ākhya<surplus>ṁ</surplus>n dhaḻadiṁ...</foreign>), seeing Munniṟiva as a name. A parallel phrase is now available in stanza 18 of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00077.xml">Varaṇaveṇḍi grant of Bhīma II</ref>, where the construction <foreign>nihatau saṁyati dhaḻadiṁmmunniṟiva-rājamārttaṇḍau</foreign> strongly implies that <foreign>dhaḻadiṁmmunniṟiva</foreign> is in fact a single name (or at least two names of a single person).</p><p>The second half of the stanza, containing no historical data, has not been scrutinised by these scholars. Although Hultzsch's emendation is plausible, the text is rather hard to interpret, and its difficulty is glossed over by his translation (cited in a note to my translation of this stanza). I wonder if the intent was instead <foreign>Ājau vijitya bāhvor ggāpayati janair nnijaṁ janoddharaṇam</foreign>. Here, <foreign>bāhvor</foreign> assumes a much smaller scribal mistake, and a dual would be normal in the context, though <foreign>bāhvā</foreign> is perhaps slightly better semantically, given the presence of <foreign>nijam</foreign>. If my conjecture is correct, then the stanza is, after all, a <foreign>gīti</foreign> rather than a <foreign>lalitā</foreign> and there is no metrical anomaly. I prefer to postpone a final judgement.</p>
·</div>
·
·
·
300<div type="bibliography">
· <p>Edited (probably from the original) by E. Hultzsch (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1890_01"/><citedRange unit="page">43-46</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">37</citedRange></bibl>), with translation but no facsimile. The present edition by Dániel Balogh follows Hultzsch's text unless otherwise noted in the apparatus.</p>
· <listBibl type="primary">
· <bibl n="EH"><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1890_01"/><citedRange unit="page">43-46</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">37</citedRange></bibl>
·
305 </listBibl>
· <listBibl type="secondary">
· <bibl n="JFF"><ptr target="bib:Fleet1902-1903_01"/><citedRange unit="page">182</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">1</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl n="EH1907-1908"><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1907-1908_02"/><citedRange>49</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Kielhorn1898-1899_01"/><citedRange unit="page">138</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">7</citedRange></bibl>
310 <bibl><ptr target="bib:SrinivasaAyyangar2000_01"/><citedRange unit="item">37</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:SubrahmanyaAiyer1935-1936_01"/><citedRange>27-28</citedRange></bibl>
· </listBibl>
·</div>
·
315
·
· </body>
· </text>
·</TEI>
Commentary
Throughout stanza 3, I show the text as read and emended by Hultzsch because lacking access to a facsimile, I prefer not to alter his readings. However, I believe that the passage is in fact a stanza in a moraic metre. For the unintelligible string, Fleet (1902–1903, p. 182, n. 1) proposes to read and emend °ākhya{ṁ}n dhaḻadi⟨ṁ⟩ munn-iṟiva. He only says the words munn-iṟiva are Kanarese, but does not translate them. He assumes that Dhaḻadi is a name, meaning the same person as Dhaḻaga in line 35 of the Kalucuṁbaṟṟu grant of Amma II. He further identifies the stanza as an āryāgīti and to obtain it, emends the end of the first hemistich to mārttaṇḍo ⟨’⟩sau, which strikes me as somewhat forced in spite of the non-standard sandhi in the text as received. Since I am now aware that the rare gaṇacchandas metre lalitā occurs in several related inscriptions (e.g. stanza 2 of the Guṇḍugolanu grant of Amma II), I feel quite certain that this is the metre used here. Finally, Hultzsch (1907–1908, p. 49), having become convinced that Rājamārtaṇḍa is not Bhīma’s name but one of his enemies, perhaps the same as Rājamayya, suggests the revised reading yas tāta bikyanākhyaṁ dhaḻadiṁ munniṟiva-rājamārttaṇḍau (where he probably intends °ākhya{ṁ}n dhaḻadiṁ...), seeing Munniṟiva as a name. A parallel phrase is now available in stanza 18 of the Varaṇaveṇḍi grant of Bhīma II, where the construction nihatau saṁyati dhaḻadiṁmmunniṟiva-rājamārttaṇḍau strongly implies that dhaḻadiṁmmunniṟiva is in fact a single name (or at least two names of a single person).
The second half of the stanza, containing no historical data, has not been scrutinised by these scholars. Although Hultzsch’s emendation is plausible, the text is rather hard to interpret, and its difficulty is glossed over by his translation (cited in a note to my translation of this stanza). I wonder if the intent was instead Ājau vijitya bāhvor ggāpayati janair nnijaṁ janoddharaṇam. Here, bāhvor assumes a much smaller scribal mistake, and a dual would be normal in the context, though bāhvā is perhaps slightly better semantically, given the presence of nijam. If my conjecture is correct, then the stanza is, after all, a gīti rather than a lalitā and there is no metrical anomaly. I prefer to postpone a final judgement.