Guṇḍugolanu grant of Amma II

Editor: Dániel Balogh.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00036.

Hand description:

Halantas. Final T in l18 āsīT is unclear but seems to be a fully fledged ta, possibly with a tail. Final Ṭ in l14 -rāṬ looks like a regular ṭa, though its upward tail bends to the right while that of normal ṭa may be straight or straighter (ṭā in l21 bhaṭṭārakaḥ is, however, quite identical).

Original punctuation marks are mostly unclear in my scan but generally seem to be straight or slightly curved vertical lines no longer, and sometimes shorter, than a character body. Some of them may be tilted, and some double marks may be tilted in opposite directions, like the arms of a V. Fleet transcribes the opening symbol as "om", but as far as I can tell from the scans, it is a floret with four petals and four straight lines between the petals, like that at the beginning of the Elavaṟṟu grant.

Other palaeographic observations. Anusvāra is normally inline, at headline height after the character to which it belongs, but it can als be above the next character, e.g. l7 jayasiṁhas. The repha in l13 r yyu is attached to the top of the u marker, possibly because the descenders of dhyarddha in the line above create some mess above the y, but a repha would have been possible to insert in the regular place. Cursive o does not seem to occur (but the scan is unclear in many places), except in l37 °rmmopamena, where I see no r, so the strokes may be wrong.

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Eastern Cālukya (tfb-vengicalukya-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-12-20 17:45 (c66dc65), last modified 2024-10-10 12:00 (a3b6bdb).

Seal

⟨1⟩ śrī-tribhuvan¿a?⟨ā⟩ṁkuśa

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1⟩ (✤)svasti śrīmatāṁ sakala-bhuvana-saṁstūyamāna-mānavya-sagotrā⟨2⟩ṇāṁ hārīti-putrāṇāṁ kauśikī-vara-prasāda-labdha-rājyānām mātr̥-gaṇa-pa⟨3⟩ripālitānāṁ svāmi-mahāsena-pādānudhyātānāṁ bhagavan-nārāyaṇa-pra⟨4⟩sāda-samāsādita-vara-varāha-lāñ¡cch!anekṣaṇa-kṣaṇa-vaśīkr̥tārāti-maṇḍa⟨5⟩lānām aśvamedhāvabhr̥¿t?⟨th⟩a-snāna-pavitrīkr̥ta-vapuṣāṁ calukyānāṁ kulam a⟨6⟩laṁkariṣṇos satyāśraya-vallabhendrasya bhrātā kubja-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa varṣāṇi⟨|⟩ ⟨7⟩ tad-ātmajo jayasiṁhas trayastriṁśata{ṁ}M|| tad-anujendrarāja-nandano viṣṇuvarddha⟨8⟩no nava| tat-sūnu⟨r⟩ mmaṁg¿ī?⟨i⟩-yuvarājaḥ paṁcaviṁśati(M|) tat-putro jayasiṁha⟨Page 2r⟩⟨9⟩s trayodaśa| tad-avarajaḥ kokkili⟨ḥ⟩ ṣaṇ māsāN| tasya jyeṣṭho bhrātā viṣṇuvarddhanas tam u⟨10⟩ccāṭya saptatriṁśataM| tat-putro vijayāditya-bhaṭṭārako ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa| tat-suto viṣṇu⟨11⟩varddhanaḥ ṣaṭtriṁśataM| tat-suto vijayāditya-narendra-mr̥garājas sāṣṭa-catvāriṁśataṁ⟨|⟩ ⟨12⟩ tat-sutaḥ kali-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩dhyarddha-varṣaM| tat-suto guṇaga-vijayādityaś ca⟨13⟩tuścatvāriṁśataM|

I. Anuṣṭubh

tad-bhrātur yyuvarājasya

vikramāditya-bhūbhuja⟨ḥ⟩

nanda⟨⟨na⟩⟩⟨14⟩ś śauca-kandarppa⟨ḥ⟩

triṁśad varṣāṇi bh¿i?⟨ī⟩ma-rāṬ

tat-tanaya⟨ḥ⟩ ⟨⟨ṣa⟩⟩ṇ-māsāN kollabigaṇḍa-bhāskara⟨ḥ⟩⟨|⟩ ⟨15⟩ tad-agra-nandano ⟨’⟩¡ṁb!a-rājas sapta varṣāṇi| tad-agra-sūnur bbālo vijayā(dityaḥ) pakṣam ekaM⟨|⟩ ⟨16⟩ tam ākramya kārāgāre ni¿d?⟨dh⟩āya cālukya-bhī⟨⟨ma⟩⟩-pitr̥vy¿āṁ?⟨a⟩-yuddhamallātmajas tāla-nr̥p¿e?⟨o⟩ ⟨17⟩ māsam ¿a?⟨e⟩kaM⟨|⟩ tad-anu vikramādityas saṁvatsaraṁ⟨|⟩

II. Lalitā

kollabigaṇḍa-tanūjo bh¿i?⟨ī⟩maḥ ka⟨Page 2v⟩⟨18⟩ṟayilladāta-nāmāsīT|

dvādaśa varṣā⟨n⟩ veṁg¿i?⟨ī⟩-nātho dāyāda-vairi-timiram apāsya

III. Anuṣṭubh

⟨19⟩ tasya lokamahādevyā{ṁ}m

ammarājas suto ⟨’⟩jani|

vikrameṇārjuno dharmme

dharmma-rā⟨20⟩ja Ivāpara⟨ḥ⟩|

sa samasta-bhuvanāśraya-śrī-vijayāditya-mahārājādhirāja-parameśva⟨21⟩⟨ra⟩ḥ parama-bhaṭṭārakaḥ parama-brahmaṇya⟨ḥ⟩ veṁgī-nāṇḍu-viṣaya-nivāsino rā¿p?⟨ṣ⟩ṭrak¿u?⟨ū⟩ṭa-pramukhān ku⟨22⟩ṭuṁbina Ittham ājñ¿a?⟨ā⟩payati

IV. Gīti

satyasya janma-bhūmis saj-jana-saṁsevitas saronā⟨23⟩tha(ḥ)

vikrama-guṇaika-dhāmā nr̥pakāmaḥ pūjiteśa-pada-kamalaḥ|

V. Anuṣṭubh

r¿u?⟨ū⟩pa-¡lāvaṇa!⟨lāvaṇya⟩⟨24⟩-¿ś?⟨s⟩aubhāgya-

-satya-dharmma-parāyaṇā

nāyamā{ṁ}bāṁgaṇā tasya

saroruha-dalekṣaṇā

⟨25⟩ tābhyā{ṁ}m asmad¿i?⟨ī⟩y{y}a-śva¿s?⟨ś⟩ura-śvaśr¿u?⟨ū⟩bhyā⟨ṁ⟩ prārt¿v?⟨th⟩yamānair asmābhi⟨ḥ⟩ kallūru-grā⟨⟨ma⟩⟩-vāstavya⟨26⟩-bhāradv¿a?⟨ā⟩ja-gotra-vājasaneya-v¿a?⟨ā⟩ma⟨⟨na⟩⟩bhaṭṭa-pautrāya śivvanabhaṭṭa-putrāya vāmanaśa⟨Page 3r⟩⟨27⟩rmmaṇe guṇ(ḍ/ṭ)ugolanu nāma g{g}rāme pūrvva-di¿s?⟨ś⟩i rāja-mānena dvādaśa-kh¿o?⟨a⟩ṇḍi⟨⟨(ka)⟩⟩-kodrava-bīja⟨28⟩-vāpa-kṣetram udaka-pūrvvam uttarāyaṇa-nimitte dattam i⟨⟨ti⟩⟩ viditam astu va⟨ḥ⟩| sarvva-kara-parihā⟨29⟩reṇa śās¿ā?⟨a⟩nī-kr̥¡tt!ya

Asya kṣetrasyāvadhayaḥ⟨.⟩ pūrvvataḥ tepalamupariya| dakṣiṇata⟨ḥ⟩⟨30⟩punnīsvaramma-nagaruvu| paścimataḥ bhaṭāri-pannasa| Uttarata⟨ḥ⟩ guṇ(ḍ/ṭ)iyabhaṭlaveṟu⟨31⟩vu| Asyopari ¿ṇ?⟨n⟩a kenacid bādhā karttavyā⟨.⟩ yaḥ karoti sa paṁca-mahāpātaka⟨32⟩-saṁyukto bhavati| tathā coktaṁ vyāsena

VI. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhir vvasudhā dattā

bahubhiś cānupāli⟨33⟩tā

yasya yasya yadā bhūmis

tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

VII. Anuṣṭubh

sva-dattāṁ para-dattāṁ vā

⟨34⟩ yo ha⟦tta⟧⟨⟨re⟩⟩tt tu vasu{ṁ}ndharāṁ

ṣaṣṭi-varṣa-sahasrāṇi

viṣ¿ṭ?⟨ṭh⟩āyāṁ jāyate kr̥miḥ

⟨Page 3v⟩ ⟨35⟩ Ājñ¡ā!ptiḥ kaṭaka-rājaḥ| Etasya rakṣakā⟨ḥ⟩ syur u⟨ru⟩-hasty-ubhaya-gaṇa-sahasra-dvitaye| kalvapākṣī⟨36⟩vumācepu-patayaḥ balāka-piṁccha-cchatra-velā-bhaṭ¿a?⟨ā⟩ḥ|| mādhavabhaṭṭasya kāvyaM|

VIII. Anuṣṭubh

¡dattan drāja!⟨dattaṁ rāja⟩-ma⟨37⟩hendrasya

viśvaka(r)mmopamena ca

koṇḍācāryyeṇa ¿nāmnātaṁ?

likhitaṁ śāsanaṁ śubhaṁ||

Seal

⟨1⟩ śrī-tribhuvan¿a?⟨ā⟩ṁkuśa

Plates⟨Page 1r⟩ 
⟨Page 1v⟩ 
⟨1⟩ (✤)svasti śrīmatāṁ sakala-bhuvana-saṁstūyamāna-mānavya-sagotrā-
⟨2⟩ ṇāṁ hārīti-putrāṇāṁ kauśikī-vara-prasāda-labdha-rājyānām mātr̥-gaṇa-pa-
⟨3⟩ ripālitānāṁ svāmi-mahāsena-pādānudhyātānāṁ bhagavan-nārāyaṇa-pra-
⟨4⟩ sāda-samā◯sādita-vara-varāha-lāñ¡cch!anekṣaṇa-kṣaṇa-vaśīkr̥tārāti-maṇḍa-
⟨5⟩ lānām a◯śvamedhāvabhr̥¿t?⟨th⟩a-snāna-pavitrīkr̥ta-vapuṣāṁ calukyānāṁ kulam a-
⟨6⟩ laṁkariṣṇos satyāśraya-vallabhendrasya bhrātā kubja-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa varṣāṇi⟨|⟩ 
⟨7⟩ tad-ātmajo jayasiṁhas trayastriṁśata{ṁ}M|| tad-anujendrarāja-nandano viṣṇuvarddha-
⟨8⟩ no nava| tat-sūnu⟨r⟩ mmaṁg¿ī?⟨i⟩-yuvarājaḥ paṁcaviṁśati(M|) tat-putro jayasiṁha-
⟨Page 2r⟩ 
⟨9⟩ s trayodaśa| tad-avarajaḥ kokkili⟨ḥ⟩ ṣaṇ māsāN| tasya jyeṣṭho bhrātā viṣṇuvarddhanas tam u-
⟨10⟩ ccāṭya saptatriṁśataM| tat-putro vijayāditya-bhaṭṭārako ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa| tat-suto viṣṇu-
⟨11⟩ varddhanaḥ ṣaṭtriṁśataM| tat-suto vijayāditya-narendra-mr̥garājas sāṣṭa-catvāriṁśataṁ⟨|⟩ 
⟨12⟩ tat-sutaḥ kali-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩dhyarddha-varṣaM| tat-suto guṇaga-vijayādityaś ca-
⟨13⟩ tuścatvāriṁ◯śataM|  tad-bhrātur yyuvarājasya vikramāditya-bhūbhuja⟨ḥ⟩ nanda⟨⟨na⟩⟩-
⟨14⟩ ś śauca-kandarppa⟨ḥ⟩ ◯ triṁśad varṣāṇi bh¿i?⟨ī⟩ma-rāṬ  tat-tanaya⟨ḥ⟩ ⟨⟨ṣa⟩⟩ṇ-māsāN kollabigaṇḍa-bhāskara⟨ḥ⟩⟨|⟩ 
⟨15⟩ tad-agra-nandano ⟨’⟩¡ṁb!a-rājas sapta varṣāṇi| tad-agra-sūnur bbālo vijayā(dityaḥ) pakṣam ekaM⟨|⟩ 
⟨16⟩ tam ākramya kārāgāre ni¿d?⟨dh⟩āya cālukya-bhī⟨⟨ma⟩⟩-pitr̥vy¿āṁ?⟨a⟩-yuddhamallātmajas tāla-nr̥p¿e?⟨o⟩ 
⟨17⟩ māsam ¿a?⟨e⟩kaM⟨|⟩ tad-anu vikramādityas saṁvatsaraṁ⟨|⟩  kollabigaṇḍa-tanūjo bh¿i?⟨ī⟩maḥ ka-
⟨Page 2v⟩ 
⟨18⟩ ṟayilladāta-nāmāsīT| dvādaśa varṣā⟨n⟩ veṁg¿i?⟨ī⟩-nātho dāyāda-vairi-timiram apāsya   
⟨19⟩ tasya lokamahādevyā{ṁ}m ammarājas suto ⟨’⟩jani| vikrameṇārjuno dharmme dharmma-rā-
⟨20⟩ ja Ivāpara⟨ḥ⟩|  sa samasta-bhuvanāśraya-śrī-vijayāditya-mahārājādhirāja-parameśva-
⟨21⟩ ⟨ra⟩ḥ parama-bhaṭṭārakaḥ parama-brahmaṇya⟨ḥ⟩ veṁgī-nāṇḍu-viṣaya-nivāsino rā¿p?⟨ṣ⟩ṭrak¿u?⟨ū⟩ṭa-pramukhān ku-
⟨22⟩ ṭuṁbina Ittha◯m ājñ¿a?⟨ā⟩payati  satyasya janma-bhūmis saj-jana-saṁsevitas saronā-
⟨23⟩ tha(ḥ) vikrama◯-guṇaika-dhāmā nr̥pakāmaḥ pūjiteśa-pada-kamalaḥ|   r¿u?⟨ū⟩pa-¡lāvaṇa!⟨lāvaṇya⟩-
⟨24⟩ -¿ś?⟨s⟩aubhāgya- -satya-dharmma-parāyaṇā nāyamā{ṁ}bāṁgaṇā tasya saroruha-dalekṣaṇā  
⟨25⟩ tābhyā{ṁ}m asmad¿i?⟨ī⟩y{y}a-śva¿s?⟨ś⟩ura-śvaśr¿u?⟨ū⟩bhyā⟨ṁ⟩ prārt¿v?⟨th⟩yamānair asmābhi⟨ḥ⟩ kallūru-grā⟨⟨ma⟩⟩-vāstavya-
⟨26⟩ -bhāradv¿a?⟨ā⟩ja-gotra-vājasaneya-v¿a?⟨ā⟩ma⟨⟨na⟩⟩bhaṭṭa-pautrāya śivvanabhaṭṭa-putrāya vāmanaśa-
⟨Page 3r⟩ 
⟨27⟩ rmmaṇe guṇ(ḍ/ṭ)ugolanu nāma g{g}rāme pūrvva-di¿s?⟨ś⟩i rāja-mānena dvādaśa-kh¿o?⟨a⟩ṇḍi⟨⟨(ka)⟩⟩-kodrava-bīja-
⟨28⟩ -vāpa-kṣetram udaka-pūrvvam uttarāyaṇa-nimitte dattam i⟨⟨ti⟩⟩ viditam astu va⟨ḥ⟩| sarvva-kara-parihā-
⟨29⟩ reṇa śās¿ā?⟨a⟩nī-kr̥¡tt!ya Asya kṣetrasyāvadhayaḥ⟨.⟩ pūrvvataḥ tepalamupariya| dakṣiṇata⟨ḥ⟩-
⟨30⟩ punnīsvaramma◯-nagaruvu| paścimataḥ bhaṭāri-pannasa| Uttarata⟨ḥ⟩ guṇ(ḍ/ṭ)iyabhaṭlaveṟu-
⟨31⟩ vu| Asyo◯pari ¿ṇ?⟨n⟩a kenacid bādhā karttavyā⟨.⟩ yaḥ karoti sa paṁca-mahāpātaka-
⟨32⟩ -saṁyukto bhavati| tathā coktaṁ vyāsena  bahubhir vvasudhā dattā bahubhiś cānupāli-
⟨33⟩ tā yasya yasya yadā bhūmis tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ   sva-dattāṁ para-dattāṁ vā 
⟨34⟩ yo ha⟦tta⟧⟨⟨re⟩⟩tt tu vasu{ṁ}ndharāṁ ṣaṣṭi-varṣa-sahasrāṇi viṣ¿ṭ?⟨ṭh⟩āyāṁ jāyate kr̥miḥ  
⟨Page 3v⟩ 
⟨35⟩ Ājñ¡ā!ptiḥ kaṭaka-rājaḥ| Etasya rakṣakā⟨ḥ⟩ syur u⟨ru⟩-hasty-ubhaya-gaṇa-sahasra-dvitaye| kalvapākṣī-
⟨36⟩ vumācepu-patayaḥ balāka-piṁccha-cchatra-velā-bhaṭ¿a?⟨ā⟩ḥ|| mādhavabhaṭṭasya kāvyaM|  ¡dattan drāja!⟨dattaṁ rāja⟩-ma-
⟨37⟩ hendrasya viśvaka(r)mmopamena ca koṇḍācāryyeṇa ¿nāmnātaṁ? likhitaṁ śāsanaṁ śubhaṁ||  

Seal

⟨1⟩ śrī-tribhuvan¿a?⟨ā⟩ṁkuśa

Plates

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1⟩ (✤)svasti śrīmatāṁ sakala-bhuvana-saṁstūyamāna-mānavya-sagotrā⟨2⟩ṇāṁ hārīti-putrāṇāṁ kauśikī-vara-prasāda-labdha-rājyānām mātr̥-gaṇa-pa⟨3⟩ripālitānāṁ svāmi-mahāsena-pādānudhyātānāṁ bhagavan-nārāyaṇa-pra⟨4⟩sāda-samā◯sādita-vara-varāha-lāñ¡cch!anekṣaṇa-kṣaṇa-vaśīkr̥tārāti-maṇḍa⟨5⟩lānām a◯śvamedhāvabhr̥¿t?⟨th⟩a-snāna-pavitrīkr̥ta-vapuṣāṁ calukyānāṁ kulam a⟨6⟩laṁkariṣṇos satyāśraya-vallabhendrasya bhrātā kubja-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa varṣāṇi⟨|⟩ ⟨7⟩ tad-ātmajo jayasiṁhas trayastriṁśata{ṁ}M|| tad-anujendrarāja-nandano viṣṇuvarddha⟨8⟩no nava| tat-sūnu⟨r⟩ mmaṁg¿ī?⟨i⟩-yuvarājaḥ paṁcaviṁśati(M|) tat-putro jayasiṁha⟨Page 2r⟩⟨9⟩s trayodaśa| tad-avarajaḥ kokkili⟨ḥ⟩ ṣaṇ māsāN| tasya jyeṣṭho bhrātā viṣṇuvarddhanas tam u⟨10⟩ccāṭya saptatriṁśataM| tat-putro vijayāditya-bhaṭṭārako ⟨’⟩ṣṭādaśa| tat-suto viṣṇu⟨11⟩varddhanaḥ ṣaṭtriṁśataM| tat-suto vijayāditya-narendra-mr̥garājas sāṣṭa-catvāriṁśataṁ⟨|⟩ ⟨12⟩ tat-sutaḥ kali-viṣṇuvarddhano ⟨’⟩dhyarddha-varṣaM| tat-suto guṇaga-vijayādityaś ca⟨13⟩tuścatvāriṁ◯śataM|

I. Anuṣṭubh

tad-bhrātur yyuvarājasya

vikramāditya-bhūbhuja⟨ḥ⟩

nanda⟨⟨na⟩⟩⟨14⟩ś śauca-kandarppa⟨ḥ⟩ ◯

triṁśad varṣāṇi bh¿i?⟨ī⟩ma-rāṬ

II. Lalitā

kollabigaṇḍa-tanūjo bh¿i?⟨ī⟩maḥ ka⟨Page 2v⟩⟨18⟩ṟayilladāta-nāmāsīT|

dvādaśa varṣā⟨n⟩ veṁg¿i?⟨ī⟩-nātho dāyāda-vairi-timiram apāsya

III. Anuṣṭubh

⟨19⟩ tasya lokamahādevyā{ṁ}m

ammarājas suto ⟨’⟩jani|

vikrameṇārjuno dharmme

dharmma-rā⟨20⟩ja Ivāpara⟨ḥ⟩|

IV. Gīti

satyasya janma-bhūmis saj-jana-saṁsevitas saronā⟨23⟩tha(ḥ)

vikrama◯-guṇaika-dhāmā nr̥pakāmaḥ pūjiteśa-pada-kamalaḥ|

V. Anuṣṭubh

r¿u?⟨ū⟩pa-¡lāvaṇa!⟨lāvaṇya⟩⟨24⟩-¿ś?⟨s⟩aubhāgya-

-satya-dharmma-parāyaṇā

nāyamā{ṁ}bāṁgaṇā tasya

saroruha-dalekṣaṇā

Asya kṣetrasyāvadhayaḥ⟨.⟩ pūrvvataḥ tepalamupariya| dakṣiṇata⟨ḥ⟩⟨30⟩punnīsvaramma◯-nagaruvu| paścimataḥ bhaṭāri-pannasa| Uttarata⟨ḥ⟩ guṇ(ḍ/ṭ)iyabhaṭlaveṟu⟨31⟩vu| Asyo◯pari ¿ṇ?⟨n⟩a kenacid bādhā karttavyā⟨.⟩ yaḥ karoti sa paṁca-mahāpātaka⟨32⟩-saṁyukto bhavati| tathā coktaṁ vyāsena

VI. Anuṣṭubh

bahubhir vvasudhā dattā

bahubhiś cānupāli⟨33⟩tā

yasya yasya yadā bhūmis

tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ

VII. Anuṣṭubh

sva-dattāṁ para-dattāṁ vā

⟨34⟩ yo ha⟦tta⟧⟨⟨re⟩⟩tt tu vasu{ṁ}ndharāṁ

ṣaṣṭi-varṣa-sahasrāṇi

viṣ¿ṭ?⟨ṭh⟩āyāṁ jāyate kr̥miḥ

VIII. Anuṣṭubh

¡dattan drāja!⟨dattaṁ rāja⟩-ma⟨37⟩hendrasya

viśvaka(r)mmopamena ca

koṇḍācāryyeṇa ¿nāmnātaṁ?

likhitaṁ śāsanaṁ śubhaṁ||

Apparatus

Seal

Plates

⟨5⟩ -pavitrīkr̥ta- ⬦ -pavitr¿i?⟨ī⟩kr̥ta- JFF.

⟨8⟩ °viṁśati(M|) ⬦ °viṁśati⟨M⟩|| JFF.

⟨13⟩ -nanda⟨⟨na⟩⟩⟨14⟩ś • Though Fleet does not remark on this, the na is very narrow and is squeezed into the space above the subscript part of nda, so I assume that it was added subsequently.

⟨14⟩ -tanaya⟨ḥ⟩ ⟨⟨ṣa⟩⟩ṇ- • As Fleet also observes, ṣa has been added below the line. Moreover, not noted by Fleet, the characters naya are very narrow, occupying about one standard character width (less than a regular ya would take up on its own). It seems likely that these too are a correction over a previously inscribed single character, but I see no trace of this in the scan.

⟨16⟩ -pitr̥vy¿āṁ?⟨a⟩- ⬦ -pitr̥vy¿āṁ?⟨o⟩ JFF.

⟨18⟩ dvādaśa • The characters daśa are narrow and crowded and may be a correction from a single original character.

⟨22⟩ Ittha◯m • I accept Fleet’s reading, but in the scan this looks more like ittam. — ⟨22⟩ saronā⟨23⟩tha(ḥ) ⬦ saronā⟨23⟩(tha?)¿ṁ?⟨ḥ⟩ JFF • I am not sure why Fleet shows tha as unclear and doubtful. What he sees as an anusvāra is above tha, not a position where anusvāra normally occurs in this text and thus probably a spot of damage. There seem to be two faint dots after tha in the scan, hence my reading of an unclear visarga. But these dots may be just noise or a vestigial punctuation mark.

⟨26⟩ -v¿a?⟨ā⟩ma⟨⟨na⟩⟩ • In addition to na added below the line, vama is quite crowded and may be a correction from a single earlier character. — ⟨26⟩ vāmanaśa⟨Page 3r⟩⟨27⟩rmmaṇe ⬦ vāmanaśārmmaṇe JFF • Probably a typo in Fleet’s edition.

⟨27⟩ -kh¿o?⟨a⟩ṇḍi⟨⟨(ka)⟩⟩- ⬦ -khoṇḍi- JFF • Fleet was probably not, at this time, familiar with the standard expression found here and did not interpret this word. (This is also implied by his tentative emendation of the following word into uddrava.) He makes no mention of the addition below the line, which he may have taken for an extra stroke or two in the repha of rvva below. I myself am uncertain of this, and a photo of the plate should be checked for this when available.

⟨29⟩ -kr̥¡tt!ya ⬦ -kr̥tya JFF. — ⟨29⟩ āvadhayaḥ ⬦ āvadhayāḥ JFF • Typo in Fleet’s edition.

⟨35⟩ rakṣakā⟨ḥ⟩ syur u⟨ru⟩-hasty JFF • I adopt Fleet’s tentative emendations. — ⟨35⟩ -dvitaye| • The first two characters of this word are wholly indiscernible in my scan. I wonder if it is possible to read -patayo instead. However, with -dvitaye and with Fleet’s emendation of the preceding text, we actually have an āryā hemistich here, which would be spoiled by reading -patayo. — ⟨35⟩ kalvapākṣī° • According to Fleet’s note, kṣī is very faint and may have been deleted. It is also quite narrow and crowded next to the margin, so it may instead be a subsequent addition.

⟨36⟩ °vumācepu- • Fleet offers a tentative alternative reading (or emendation?) for pu as ṣu. The character is definitely pu as engraved; Fleet may have reasoned that the word iṣupati may be present.

⟨37⟩ ¿nāmnātaṁ? • Fleet emends to nāmnedaṁ, but this strikes me as an unlikely scribal error. I wonder if perhaps nāmnāttaṁ was intended.

Translation by Dániel Balogh

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Plates

(1–13) Greetings. Satyāśraya Vallabhendra (Pulakeśin II) was eager to adorn the lineage of the majestic Calukyas—who are of the Mānavya gotra which is praised by the entire world, who are sons of Hārītī, who attained kingship by the grace of Kauśikī’s boon, who are protected by the band of Mothers, who were deliberately appointed (to kingship) by Lord Mahāsena, to whom enemy territories instantaneously submit at the [mere] sight of the superior Boar emblem they have acquired by the grace of the divine Nārāyaṇa, and whose bodies have been hallowed through washing in the purificatory ablutions (avabhr̥tha) of the Aśvamedha sacrifice. His brother Kubja Viṣṇuvardhana [reigned] for eighteen years. His son Jayasiṁha (I), for thirty-three. His younger brother Indrarāja’s (Indra Bhaṭṭāraka’s) son Viṣṇuvardhana (II), for nine. His son Maṅgi Yuvarāja, for twenty-five. His son Jayasiṁha (II), for thirteen. His [brother] of inferior birth, Kokkili, for six months. After dethroning him, his eldest brother Viṣṇuvardhana (III), for thirty-seven. His son Vijayāditya (I) Bhaṭṭāraka, for eighteen. His son Viṣṇuvardhana (IV), for thirty-six. His son Vijayāditya (II) Narendramr̥garāja, for eight and forty. His son Kali-Viṣṇuvardhana (V), for a year and a half. His son Guṇaga Vijayāditya (III), for forty-four.

I

1 The son of his brother the heir-apparent (yuvarāja) Prince (bhūbhuj) Vikramāditya, the love god of purity (śauca-kandarpa), for thirty years as King (rāj) Bhīma.

(14–17) His son Kollabigaṇḍa the Sun (bhāskara) (Vijayāditya IV), for six months. His firstborn son Ambarāja (Amma I) for seven years. His firstborn son the child Vijayāditya (V) for a fortnight. After assaulting and imprisoning him, King (nr̥pa) Tāla, son of Yuddhamalla [who was] the paternal uncle of Cālukya-Bhīma, for one month. After him, Vikramāditya (II) for a year.

II

Bhīma (II), [also] named Kaṟayilladāta, the son of Kollabigaṇḍa (Vijayāditya IV), was Lord of Veṅgī for twelve years after dispelling the darkness of enemies who were his kinsmen.

III

A son was born to him from Lokamahādevī: Ammarāja, who was [like] Arjuna in valour and [like] a second Dharma King (Yudhiṣṭhira) in justice (dharma).

(20–22) That shelter of the entire universe (samasta-bhuvanāśraya), His Majesty Vijayāditya (Amma II) the supremely pious Supreme Lord (parameśvara) of Emperors (mahārājādhirāja) and Supreme Sovereign (parama-bhaṭṭāraka), commands the householders (kuṭumbin)—including foremost the territorial overseers (rāṣṭrakūṭa)—who reside in Veṅgīnāṇḍu district (viṣaya) as follows:

IV

Nr̥pakāma, Lord of the Lake, is the homeland of honesty, the sole residence of valour and virtue, whom honest people serve and who worships the lotus feet of Īśa (Śiva).

V

His wife is the lotus-petal-eyed Nāyamāmbā, whose chief characteristics are beauty, charm, conjugal felicity, honesty and dutifulness (dharma).

(25–29) Having been requested by these two, our (Amma II’s) father-in-law and mother-in-law, on the occasion of the winter solstice we have given a field (sufficient) for sowing twelve khaṇḍikās of kodrava seed by the royal measure in the eastern direction of the village named Guṇḍugolanu to Vāmanaśarman, grandson of the Vājasaneya Vāmanabhaṭṭa of the Bhāradvāja gotra, a resident of the village Kallūru and son of Śivvanabhaṭṭa, [the donation being] sanctified by (a libation of) water. Let this be known to you. Substantiated as a (copperplate) charter with a remission of all taxes.

(29–32) The boundaries of this [field are as follows]. To the east, Tepalamupariya. To the south, Punnīsvaramma-nagaruvu. To the west, the pannasa¹ of Bhaṭāri. To the north, Guṇḍiyabhaṭlaveṟuvu. Let no-one pose an obstacle (to his enjoyment of his rights) over it. He who does so shall be conjoined with the five great sins. So too Vyāsa has said:

VI

Many (kings) have granted land, and many have preserved it (as formerly granted). Whosoever at any time owns the land, the fruit {reward (accrued of granting it)} belongs to him at that time.

VII

He who would seize land, whether given by himself or by another, shall be born as a worm in faeces for sixty thousand years.

(35–36) The executor (ājñapti) is the castellan (kaṭaka-rāja). The guardians of this (charter) shall be ¿the lords Kalvapa, Akṣī and Umācepu, who are ¿soldiers of the marches? (velā-bhaṭa)² [entitled to] crane feather fans (balāka-piṁccha) and parasols, and who possess a great force of elephants and two thousands of both [kinds of] troops?.³ The poetry is Mādhava Bhaṭṭa’s.

VIII

This excellent charter, handed out by Rājamahendra (Amma II), was written (likhita) by the one named Koṇḍācārya, who is comparable to Viśvakarman.

Translation into French by Estienne-Monod 2008

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Plates

(1–13) Om ! Prospérité ! Kubja Viṣṇuvardhana, frère de Satyāśraya Vallabhendra, qui orne la dynastie des Cālukya, illustres, du même gotra que les descendants de Manu, loués dans l’univers entier, fils de Hārīti, ayant reçu leur royaume par l’excellente faveur de Kauśikī, protégés par les Mères réunies, méditant aux pieds du seigneur Mahāsena, eux dont les cercles ennemis ont été soumis en un instant à la vue du signe de l’excellent sanglier, faveur octroyée par le bienheureux Nārāyaṇa, eux dont les corps ont été purifiés grâce aux bains consécutifs au sacrifice du cheval, pendant dix huit années. Son fils Jayasiṁha pendant trente-trois ans ; Le fils d’Indrarāja, son frère cadet, Viṣṇuvardhana, pendant neuf ans ; Le fils de celui-ci, Maṁgi, le prince héritier, pendant vingt-cinq ans ; Son fils Jayasiṁha pendant treize ans ; Le frère cadet de ce dernier, Kokkili, pendant six mois ; Son frère aîné Viṣṇuvardhana, après l’avoir chassé, pendant trente-sept ans ; Le fils de celui-ci, Vijayāditya, l’illustre seigneur, pendant dix-huit ans ; Son fils Viṣṇuvardhana pendant trente-six ans ; Son fils, le roi Vijayāditya Mr̥garāja pendant quarante-huit ans ; Le fils de ce dernier, Kali Viṣṇuvardhana, pendant un an et demi ; Son fils Guṇaga Vijayāditya pendant quarante-quatre ans ;

I

Le fils du roi Vikramāditya, prince héritier, frère de ce dernier,⁴ le pur Kandarpa, le roi Bhīma pendant trente ans ;

(14–17) Son fils Kollabhigaṇḍa Bhāskara pendant six mois ; Le fils aîné de celui-ci, Ammarāja, pendant sept ans ; Son fils aîné Vijayāditya, qui était enfant, quinze jours ; Après l’avoir vaincu et mis en prison, le fils de Yuddhamalla, oncle de Cālukya Bhīma, le roi Tāla, pendant un mois ; Puis Vikramāditya pendant un an ;

II

Le fils de Kollabhigaṇḍa, Bhīma fut nommé Kaṟayilla, il fut le seigneur de Veṅgī pendant douze ans, après avoir repoussé les ténèbres qu’étaient les armées ennemies de ses prétendants ;

III

un fils naquit de celui-ci et de Lokamahādevī : Ammarāja ; quant à la vaillance, il était pareil à Arjuna, quant au dharma à Dharmarāja ;

(20–22) Celui-ci, refuge de l’univers entier, l’illustre Vijayāditya, souverain suprême des grands rois, premier seigneur, illustre seigneur, très pieux, ayant convoqué tous les chefs de familles de la circonscription de Veṅgī, les rāṣṭrakūṭa en tête, ordonne ceci :

IV

Lieu de naissance de la vérité, vénéré par son peuple, splendide seigneur, séjour de l’unique vertu qu’est le courage, le roi Kāma, qui révère les lotus que sont les pieds d’Īśa ,

V

et celle qui possède la beauté, le charme, la splendeur et la franchise, dévouée au bien, Nāyāṁbā et la cour de ce dernier, elle dont l’éclat du regard augmente la splendeur,

(25–29) il nous a été demandé par notre beau-père et notre belle-mère de donner à Vāmanaśārman, petit-fils de Vājasaneya Vāmanabhaṭṭa, du gotra de Bhāradvāja, qui habitait le village de Kallūru, fils de Śivvanabhaṭṭa, un terrain dont les semences et les graines de kodrava rapportent douze khaṇḍika,⁵ à l’est du village nommé Guṇḍugolanu, à l’occasion du solstice d’hiver, après l’aspersion rituelle. Que ceci soit connu de vous ! L’édit prescrit que cette donation est exempte de toutes taxes.

(29–32) Les limites de ce terrain sont : à l’est Tepalamupariya, au sud Punnīsvaramma-nagaruvu , à l’ouest le pannasa de Bhaṭāri, au nord Guṇḍiyabhaṭlaveṟuvu, Aucune charge ne doit lui être imposée, celui qui en impose est lié aux cinq grands crimes. Ainsi a parlé le bienheureux Vyāsa :

VI

beaucoup ont donné une terre, beaucoup l’ont protégée, celui qui possède la terre en possède le fruit.

VII

Qu’elle soit donnée par lui ou par un autre, celui qui prend une terre renaît ver de terre dans des excréments pendant soixante mille ans.

(35–36) L’exécuteur est le kaṭakarāja. Que les chefs de Kalvapākṣīvumācepu et les * * *⁶ Balāka et Velābhaṭā protègent ce poème de Mādhavabhaṭṭa, eux qui possèdent deux milliers de grands éléphants dans l’une et l’autre des armées.

VIII

Ce splendide édit a été gravé par le nommé Koṇḍācārya, pareil à Viśvakarman, fils de Dattandrāja-Mahendra.

Commentary

Stanza 2 is in the rare gaṇacchandas metre lalitā, other instances of which occur in stanza 3 of the Kolaveṇṇu plates of Bhīma II and stanza 12 of the Maliyapūṇḍi grant of Amma II.

The sentence(s) about the rakṣakas of the charter in lines 35-36 are beyond me and were probably also unintelligible to Fleet, who does not mention their purport in his brief description of the contents. The beginning of this stretch of text is, with Fleet’s emendations, a proper āryā hemistich, but I see no way of fitting the continuation to āryā or a related metre, so this may be mere chance. If, however, the text is in verse, that may explain why it is so awkwardly composed.

Bibliography

Edited from the original by Fleet (1884), with facsimiles but without a translation. The present edition by Dániel Balogh is based on a collation of Fleet’s edition with his published facsimiles.⁷

Primary

[JFF] Fleet, John Faithfull. 1884. “Sanskrit and Old Canarese inscriptions: No. CXLIX.” IA 13, pp. 248–250.

Secondary

Gaur, Albertine. 1975. Indian charters on copper plates in the Department of Oriental Manuscripts and Printed Books. London: British Museum Publications. Pages 6–7, item Ind. Ch. 10.

Notes

1. Pannasa is an obscure term that may mean land held in some sort of tenure. See Sircar 1966, s.v. pannasa.
2. The term velā-bhaṭa also occurs the Pāṁbaṟṟu grant of Amma II, where it is applied to a Ballaladeva, a member of the Paṭṭavardhinī family. I tentatively translate it as a soldier of the marches, but other meanings are possible, including "soldier of the coastland" or "soldier of the harbour."
3. I do not fully understand this sentence; see also the commentary. The segmentation of the string kalvapākṣīvumācepu into three names is in particular arbitrary; by my intuition these are plausible names and the v may be epenthetic between ī and u. Both kinds of troops may meen cavalry and infantry, but the compound where this phrase occurs is itself uncertainly interpreted, and its place in the syntax is problematic.
4. Frère de Guṇagāṁka
5. khaṇḍika : mesure de capacité, cf. D. C. Sircar, 1966, p. 156.
6. Le texte est illisible.
7. My scan of IA13 is quite poor. I follow Fleet wherever the scan is illegible. This edition will need to be reCHECKed when photos of Ind. Ch. 10 are available from the BL.

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<l n="d">triṁśad varṣāṇi bh<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ma-rāṬ</l>

</lg>

<p>tat-tanaya<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> <add place="below">ṣa</add>ṇ-māsāN kollabigaṇḍa-bhāskara<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied><supplied reason="omitted">|</supplied> <lb n="15"/>tad-agra-nandano <supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied><orig>ṁb</orig>a-rājas sapta varṣāṇi| tad-agra-sūnur bbālo vijayā<unclear>dityaḥ</unclear> pakṣam ekaM<supplied reason="omitted">|</supplied> <lb n="16"/>tam ākramya kārāgāre ni<choice><sic>d</sic><corr>dh</corr></choice>āya cālukya-bhī<add place="inline">ma</add>-pitr̥vy<choice><sic>āṁ</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>-yuddhamallātmajas tāla-nr̥p<choice><sic>e</sic><corr>o</corr></choice> <lb n="17"/>māsam <choice><sic>a</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>kaM<supplied reason="omitted">|</supplied> tad-anu vikramādityas saṁvatsaraṁ<supplied reason="omitted">|</supplied></p>

<l n="ab">kollabigaṇḍa-tanūjo bh<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>maḥ ka<pb n="2v" break="no"/><lb n="18" break="no"/>ṟayilladāta-nāmāsīT|</l>

<l n="cd">dvādaśa varṣā<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied> veṁg<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>-nātho dāyāda-vairi-timiram apāsya</l>

</lg>

<l n="a"><lb n="19"/>tasya lokamahādevyā<surplus>ṁ</surplus>m</l>

<l n="b">ammarājas suto <supplied reason="subaudible">’</supplied>jani|</l>

<l n="c">vikrameṇārjuno dharmme</l>

<l n="d">dharmma-rā<lb n="20" break="no"/>ja Ivāpara<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied>|</l>

</lg>

<p>sa samasta-bhuvanāśraya-śrī-vijayāditya-mahārājādhirāja-parameśva<lb n="21" break="no"/><supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied>ḥ parama-bhaṭṭārakaḥ parama-brahmaṇya<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> veṁgī-nāṇḍu-viṣaya-nivāsino rā<choice><sic>p</sic><corr>ṣ</corr></choice>ṭrak<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>ṭa-pramukhān ku<lb n="22" break="no"/>ṭuṁbina Ittha<space type="binding-hole"/>m ājñ<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>payati</p>

<l n="ab">satyasya janma-bhūmis saj-jana-saṁsevitas saronā<lb n="23" break="no"/>tha<unclear>ḥ</unclear></l>

<l n="cd">vikrama<space type="binding-hole"/>-guṇaika-dhāmā nr̥pakāmaḥ pūjiteśa-pada-kamalaḥ|</l>

</lg>

<l n="a" enjamb="yes">r<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>pa-<choice><orig>lāvaṇa</orig><reg>lāvaṇya</reg></choice><lb n="24" break="no"/>-<choice><sic>ś</sic><corr>s</corr></choice>aubhāgya</l>

<l n="b">-satya-dharmma-parāyaṇā</l>

<l n="c">nāyamā<surplus>ṁ</surplus>bāṁgaṇā tasya</l>

<l n="d">saroruha-dalekṣaṇā</l>

</lg>

<p><lb n="25"/>tābhyā<surplus>ṁ</surplus>m asmad<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>y<surplus>y</surplus>a-śva<choice><sic>s</sic><corr>ś</corr></choice>ura-śvaśr<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>bhyā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> prārt<choice><sic>v</sic><corr>th</corr></choice>yamānair asmābhi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> kallūru-grā<add place="below">ma</add>-vāstavya<lb n="26" break="no"/>-bhāradv<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ja-gotra-vājasaneya-v<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ma<add place="below">na</add>bhaṭṭa-pautrāya śivvanabhaṭṭa-putrāya vāmanaśa<pb n="3r" break="no"/><lb n="27" break="no"/>rmmaṇe guṇ<choice><unclear>ḍ</unclear><unclear>ṭ</unclear></choice>ugolanu nāma g<surplus>g</surplus>rāme pūrvva-di<choice><sic>s</sic><corr>ś</corr></choice>i rāja-mānena dvādaśa-kh<choice><sic>o</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ṇḍi<add place="below"><unclear>ka</unclear></add>-kodrava-bīja<lb n="28" break="no"/>-vāpa-kṣetram udaka-pūrvvam uttarāyaṇa-nimitte dattam i<add place="below">ti</add> viditam astu va<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied>| sarvva-kara-parihā<lb n="29" break="no"/>reṇa śās<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>nī-kr̥<orig>tt</orig>ya</p>

<p>Asya kṣetrasyāvadhayaḥ<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> pūrvvataḥ tepalamupariya| dakṣiṇata<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> <lb n="30" break="no"/>punnīsvaramma<space type="binding-hole"/>-nagaruvu| paścimataḥ bhaṭāri-pannasa| Uttarata<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> guṇ<choice><unclear>ḍ</unclear><unclear>ṭ</unclear></choice>iyabhaṭlaveṟu<lb n="31" break="no"/>vu| Asyo<space type="binding-hole"/>pari <choice><sic>ṇ</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>a kenacid bādhā karttavyā<supplied reason="subaudible">.</supplied> yaḥ karoti sa paṁca-mahāpātaka<lb n="32" break="no"/>-saṁyukto bhavati| tathā coktaṁ vyāsena</p>

<l n="a">bahubhir vvasudhā dattā</l>

<l n="b">bahubhiś cānupāli<lb n="33" break="no"/>tā</l>

<l n="c">yasya yasya yadā bhūmis</l>

<l n="d">tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ</l>

</lg>

<l n="a">sva-dattāṁ para-dattāṁ vā</l>

<l n="b"><lb n="34"/>yo ha<subst><del rend="corrected">tta</del><add place="overstrike">re</add></subst>tt tu vasu<surplus>ṁ</surplus>ndharāṁ</l>

<l n="c">ṣaṣṭi-varṣa-sahasrāṇi</l>

<l n="d">viṣ<choice><sic>ṭ</sic><corr>ṭh</corr></choice>āyāṁ jāyate kr̥miḥ</l>

</lg>

<p><pb n="3v" break="no"/><lb n="35"/>Ājñ<orig>ā</orig>ptiḥ kaṭaka-rājaḥ| Etasya rakṣakā<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> syur u<supplied reason="omitted">ru</supplied>-hasty-ubhaya-gaṇa-sahasra-dvitaye| kalvapākṣī<lb n="36" break="no"/>vumācepu-patayaḥ balāka-piṁccha-cchatra-velā-bhaṭ<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>ḥ<g type="ddanda">.</g> mādhavabhaṭṭasya kāvyaM|</p>

<l n="a"><choice><orig>dattan drāja</orig><reg>dattaṁ rāja</reg></choice>-ma<lb n="37" break="no"/>hendrasya</l>

<l n="b">viśvaka<unclear>r</unclear>mmopamena ca</l>

<l n="c">koṇḍācāryyeṇa <sic>nāmnātaṁ</sic></l>

<l n="d">likhitaṁ śāsanaṁ śubhaṁ<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

</div>

</div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<lem>-pavitrīkr̥ta-</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Fleet1884_04">-pavitr<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>kr̥ta-</rdg>

</app>

<lem>°viṁśati<unclear>M|</unclear></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Fleet1884_04">°viṁśati<supplied reason="omitted">M</supplied><g type="ddanda">.</g></rdg>

</app>

<lem>-nanda<add place="inline">na</add><lb n="14" break="no"/>ś</lem>

<note>Though Fleet does not remark on this, the <foreign>na</foreign> is very narrow and is squeezed into the space above the subscript part of <foreign>nda</foreign>, so I assume that it was added subsequently.</note>

</app>

<lem>-tanaya<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> <add place="below">ṣa</add>ṇ-</lem>

<note>As Fleet also observes, <foreign>ṣa</foreign> has been added below the line. Moreover, not noted by Fleet, the characters <foreign>naya</foreign> are very narrow, occupying about one standard character width (less than a regular <foreign>ya</foreign> would take up on its own). It seems likely that these too are a correction over a previously inscribed single character, but I see no trace of this in the scan.</note>

</app>

</app>

<lem>dvādaśa</lem>

<note>The characters <foreign>daśa</foreign> are narrow and crowded and may be a correction from a single original character.</note>

</app>

<lem>Ittha<space type="binding-hole"/>m</lem>

<note>I accept Fleet's reading, but in the scan this looks more like <foreign>ittam</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>saronā<lb n="23" break="no"/>tha<unclear>ḥ</unclear></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Fleet1884_04">saronā<lb n="23" break="no"/><unclear cert="low">tha</unclear><choice><sic>ṁ</sic><corr>ḥ</corr></choice></rdg>

<note>I am not sure why Fleet shows <foreign>tha</foreign> as unclear and doubtful. What he sees as an <foreign>anusvāra</foreign> is above <foreign>tha</foreign>, not a position where <foreign>anusvāra</foreign> normally occurs in this text and thus probably a spot of damage. There seem to be two faint dots after <foreign>tha</foreign> in the scan, hence my reading of an unclear <foreign>visarga</foreign>. But these dots may be just noise or a vestigial punctuation mark.</note>

</app>

<note>In addition to <foreign>na</foreign> added below the line, <foreign>vama</foreign> is quite crowded and may be a correction from a single earlier character.</note>

</app>

<lem>vāmanaśa<pb n="3r" break="no"/><lb n="27" break="no"/>rmmaṇe</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Fleet1884_04">vāmanaśārmmaṇe</rdg>

<note>Probably a typo in Fleet's edition.</note>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Fleet1884_04">-khoṇḍi-</rdg>

<note>Fleet was probably not, at this time, familiar with the standard expression found here and did not interpret this word. (This is also implied by his tentative emendation of the following word into <foreign>uddrava</foreign>.) He makes no mention of the addition below the line, which he may have taken for an extra stroke or two in the <foreign>repha</foreign> of <foreign>rvva</foreign> below. I myself am uncertain of this, and a photo of the plate should be checked for this when available.</note>

</app>

</app>

<lem>āvadhayaḥ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Fleet1884_04">āvadhayāḥ</rdg>

<note>Typo in Fleet's edition.</note>

</app>

<lem source="bib:Fleet1884_04">rakṣakā<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> syur u<supplied reason="omitted">ru</supplied>-hasty</lem>

<note>I adopt Fleet's tentative emendations.</note>

</app>

<lem>-dvitaye|</lem>

<note>The first two characters of this word are wholly indiscernible in my scan. I wonder if it is possible to read <foreign>-patayo</foreign> instead. However, with <foreign>-dvitaye</foreign> and with Fleet's emendation of the preceding text, we actually have an <foreign>āryā</foreign> hemistich here, which would be spoiled by reading <foreign>-patayo</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>kalvapākṣī°</lem>

<note>According to Fleet's note, <foreign>kṣī</foreign> is very faint and may have been deleted. It is also quite narrow and crowded next to the margin, so it may instead be a subsequent addition.</note>

</app>

<lem>°vumācepu-</lem>

<note>Fleet offers a tentative alternative reading (or emendation?) for <foreign>pu</foreign> as <foreign>ṣu</foreign>. The character is definitely <foreign>pu</foreign> as engraved; Fleet may have reasoned that the word <foreign>iṣupati</foreign> may be present.</note>

</app>

<lem><sic>nāmnātaṁ</sic></lem>

<note>Fleet emends to <foreign>nāmnedaṁ</foreign>, but this strikes me as an unlikely scribal error. I wonder if perhaps <foreign>nāmnāttaṁ</foreign> was intended.</note>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

</div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p n="1-13">Greetings. Satyāśraya Vallabhendra <supplied reason="explanation">Pulakeśin II</supplied> was eager to adorn the lineage of the majestic Calukyas—who are of the Mānavya <foreign>gotra</foreign> which is praised by the entire world, who are sons of Hārītī, who attained kingship by the grace of Kauśikī’s boon, who are protected by the band of Mothers, who were deliberately appointed <supplied reason="explanation">to kingship</supplied> by Lord Mahāsena, to whom enemy territories instantaneously submit at the <supplied reason="subaudible">mere</supplied> sight of the superior Boar emblem they have acquired by the grace of the divine Nārāyaṇa, and whose bodies have been hallowed through washing in the purificatory ablutions <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>avabhr̥tha</foreign></supplied> of the Aśvamedha sacrifice. His brother Kubja Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="subaudible">reigned</supplied> for eighteen years. His son Jayasiṁha <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied>, for thirty-three. His younger brother Indrarāja’s <supplied reason="explanation">Indra Bhaṭṭāraka’s</supplied> son Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, for nine. His son Maṅgi Yuvarāja, for twenty-five. His son Jayasiṁha <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, for thirteen. His <supplied reason="subaudible">brother</supplied> of inferior birth, Kokkili, for six months. After dethroning him, his eldest brother Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">III</supplied>, for thirty-seven. His son Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">I</supplied> Bhaṭṭāraka, for eighteen. His son Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">IV</supplied>, for thirty-six. His son Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied> Narendramr̥garāja, for eight and forty. His son Kali-Viṣṇuvardhana <supplied reason="explanation">V</supplied>, for a year and a half. His son Guṇaga Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">III</supplied>, for forty-four.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="1">1

The son of his brother the heir-apparent <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>yuvarāja</foreign></supplied> Prince <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhūbhuj</foreign></supplied> Vikramāditya, the love god of purity <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>śauca-kandarpa</foreign></supplied>, for thirty years as King <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rāj</foreign></supplied> Bhīma.</p>

<p n="14-17">His son Kollabigaṇḍa the Sun <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhāskara</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="explanation">Vijayāditya IV</supplied>, for six months. His firstborn son Ambarāja <supplied reason="explanation">Amma I</supplied> for seven years. His firstborn son the child Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">V</supplied> for a fortnight. After assaulting and imprisoning him, King <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nr̥pa</foreign></supplied> Tāla, son of Yuddhamalla <supplied reason="subaudible">who was</supplied> the paternal uncle of Cālukya-Bhīma, for one month. After him, Vikramāditya <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied> for a year.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="2">Bhīma <supplied reason="explanation">II</supplied>, <supplied reason="subaudible">also</supplied> named Kaṟayilladāta, the son of Kollabigaṇḍa <supplied reason="explanation">Vijayāditya IV</supplied>, was Lord of Veṅgī for twelve years after dispelling the darkness of enemies who were his kinsmen.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="3">A son was born to him from Lokamahādevī: Ammarāja, who was <supplied reason="subaudible">like</supplied> Arjuna in valour and <supplied reason="subaudible">like</supplied> a second Dharma King <supplied reason="explanation">Yudhiṣṭhira</supplied> in justice <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>dharma</foreign></supplied>.</p>

<p n="20-22">That shelter of the entire universe <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>samasta-bhuvanāśraya</foreign></supplied>, His Majesty Vijayāditya <supplied reason="explanation">Amma II</supplied> the supremely pious Supreme Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>parameśvara</foreign></supplied> of Emperors <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mahārājādhirāja</foreign></supplied> and Supreme Sovereign <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>parama-bhaṭṭāraka</foreign></supplied>, commands the householders <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kuṭumbin</foreign></supplied>—including foremost the territorial overseers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>rāṣṭrakūṭa</foreign></supplied>—who reside in Veṅgīnāṇḍu district <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṣaya</foreign></supplied> as follows:</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="4">Nr̥pakāma, Lord of the Lake, is the homeland of honesty, the sole residence of valour and virtue, whom honest people serve and who worships the lotus feet of Īśa <supplied reason="explanation">Śiva</supplied>.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="5">His wife is the lotus-petal-eyed Nāyamāmbā, whose chief characteristics are beauty, charm, conjugal felicity, honesty and dutifulness <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>dharma</foreign></supplied>.</p>

<p n="25-29">Having been requested by these two, our <supplied reason="explanation">Amma II’s</supplied> father-in-law and mother-in-law, on the occasion of the winter solstice we have given a field <supplied reason="explanation">sufficient</supplied> for sowing twelve <foreign>khaṇḍikā</foreign>s of <foreign>kodrava</foreign> seed by the royal measure in the eastern direction of the village named Guṇḍugolanu to Vāmanaśarman, grandson of the Vājasaneya Vāmanabhaṭṭa of the Bhāradvāja <foreign>gotra</foreign>, a resident of the village Kallūru and son of Śivvanabhaṭṭa, <supplied reason="subaudible">the donation being</supplied> sanctified by <supplied reason="explanation">a libation of</supplied> water. Let this be known to you.

Substantiated as a <supplied reason="explanation">copperplate</supplied> charter with a remission of all taxes.</p>

<p n="29-32">The boundaries of this <supplied reason="subaudible">field are as follows</supplied>. To the east, Tepalamupariya. To the south, Punnīsvaramma-nagaruvu. To the west, the <foreign>pannasa</foreign><note><foreign>Pannasa</foreign> is an obscure term that may mean land held in some sort of tenure. See <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sircar1966_01"/><citedRange unit="entry">pannasa</citedRange></bibl>.</note> of Bhaṭāri. To the north, Guṇḍiyabhaṭlaveṟuvu. Let no-one pose an obstacle <supplied reason="explanation">to his enjoyment of his rights</supplied> over it. He who does so shall be conjoined with the five great sins. So too Vyāsa has said:</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="6">Many <supplied reason="explanation">kings</supplied> have granted land, and many have preserved it <supplied reason="explanation">as formerly granted</supplied>. Whosoever at any time owns the land, the fruit <seg rend="pun">reward <supplied reason="explanation">accrued of granting it</supplied></seg> belongs to him at that time.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="7">He who would seize land, whether given by himself or by another, shall be born as a worm in faeces for sixty thousand years.</p>

<p n="35-36">The executor <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ājñapti</foreign></supplied> is the castellan <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṭaka-rāja</foreign></supplied>. The guardians of this <supplied reason="explanation">charter</supplied> shall be <seg cert="low">the lords Kalvapa, Akṣī and Umācepu, who are <seg cert="low">soldiers of the marches</seg> <supplied reason="explanation">velā-bhaṭa</supplied><note>The term <foreign>velā-bhaṭa</foreign> also occurs the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00044.xml">Pāṁbaṟṟu grant of Amma II</ref>, where it is applied to a Ballaladeva, a member of the Paṭṭavardhinī family. I tentatively translate it as a soldier of the marches, but other meanings are possible, including "soldier of the coastland" or "soldier of the harbour."</note> <supplied reason="subaudible">entitled to</supplied> crane feather fans <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>balāka-piṁccha</foreign></supplied> and parasols, and who possess a great force of elephants and two thousands of both <supplied reason="subaudible">kinds of</supplied> troops</seg>.<note>I do not fully understand this sentence; see also the commentary. The segmentation of the string <foreign>kalvapākṣīvumācepu</foreign> into three names is in particular arbitrary; by my intuition these are plausible names and the <foreign>v</foreign> may be epenthetic between <foreign>ī</foreign> and <foreign>u</foreign>. Both kinds of troops may meen cavalry and infantry, but the compound where this phrase occurs is itself uncertainly interpreted, and its place in the syntax is problematic.</note> The poetry is Mādhava Bhaṭṭa’s.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="8">This excellent charter, handed out by Rājamahendra <supplied reason="explanation">Amma II</supplied>, was written <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>likhita</foreign></supplied> by the one named Koṇḍācārya, who is comparable to Viśvakarman.</p>

</div>

</div>

<div type="textpart" n="B"><head xml:lang="eng">Plates</head>

<p n="1-13">Om ! Prospérité ! Kubja Viṣṇuvardhana, frère de Satyāśraya Vallabhendra, qui orne la dynastie des Cālukya, illustres, du même <foreign>gotra</foreign> que les descendants de Manu, loués dans l’univers entier, fils de Hārīti, ayant reçu leur royaume par l’excellente faveur de Kauśikī, protégés par les Mères réunies, méditant aux pieds du seigneur Mahāsena, eux dont les cercles ennemis ont été soumis en un instant à la vue du signe de l’excellent sanglier, faveur octroyée par le bienheureux Nārāyaṇa, eux dont les corps ont été purifiés grâce aux bains consécutifs au sacrifice du cheval, pendant dix huit années.

Son fils Jayasiṁha pendant trente-trois ans ;

Le fils d’Indrarāja, son frère cadet, Viṣṇuvardhana, pendant neuf ans ;

Le fils de celui-ci, Maṁgi, le prince héritier, pendant vingt-cinq ans ;

Son fils Jayasiṁha pendant treize ans ;

Le frère cadet de ce dernier, Kokkili, pendant six mois ;

Son frère aîné Viṣṇuvardhana, après l’avoir chassé, pendant trente-sept ans ;

Le fils de celui-ci, Vijayāditya, l’illustre seigneur, pendant dix-huit ans ;

Son fils Viṣṇuvardhana pendant trente-six ans ;

Son fils, le roi Vijayāditya Mr̥garāja pendant quarante-huit ans ;

Le fils de ce dernier, Kali Viṣṇuvardhana, pendant un an et demi ;

Son fils Guṇaga Vijayāditya pendant quarante-quatre ans ;

</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="1">Le fils du roi Vikramāditya, prince héritier, frère de ce dernier,<note>Frère de Guṇagāṁka</note> le pur Kandarpa, le roi Bhīma pendant trente ans ;</p>

<p n="14-17">Son fils Kollabhigaṇḍa Bhāskara pendant six mois ;

Le fils aîné de celui-ci, Ammarāja, pendant sept ans ;

Son fils aîné Vijayāditya, qui était enfant, quinze jours ;

Après l’avoir vaincu et mis en prison, le fils de Yuddhamalla, oncle de Cālukya Bhīma, le roi Tāla, pendant un mois ;

Puis Vikramāditya pendant un an ;</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="2">Le fils de Kollabhigaṇḍa, Bhīma fut nommé Kaṟayilla, il fut le seigneur de Veṅgī pendant douze ans, après avoir repoussé les ténèbres qu’étaient les armées ennemies de ses prétendants ;</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="3">un fils naquit de celui-ci et de Lokamahādevī : Ammarāja ;

quant à la vaillance, il était pareil à Arjuna, quant au dharma à Dharmarāja ;</p>

<p n="20-22">Celui-ci, refuge de l’univers entier, l’illustre Vijayāditya, souverain suprême des grands rois, premier seigneur, illustre seigneur, très pieux, ayant convoqué tous les chefs de familles de la circonscription de Veṅgī, les <foreign>rāṣṭrakūṭa</foreign> en tête, ordonne ceci :</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="4">Lieu de naissance de la vérité, vénéré par son peuple, splendide seigneur, séjour de l’unique vertu qu’est le courage, le roi Kāma, qui révère les lotus que sont les pieds d’Īśa ,</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="5">et celle qui possède la beauté, le charme, la splendeur et la franchise, dévouée au bien, Nāyāṁbā et la cour de ce dernier, elle dont l’éclat du regard augmente la splendeur,</p>

<p n="25-29">il nous a été demandé par notre beau-père et notre belle-mère de donner à Vāmanaśārman, petit-fils de Vājasaneya Vāmanabhaṭṭa, du gotra de Bhāradvāja, qui habitait le village de Kallūru, fils de Śivvanabhaṭṭa, un terrain dont les semences et les graines de kodrava rapportent douze khaṇḍika,<note><foreign>khaṇḍika</foreign> : mesure de capacité, cf. D. C. Sircar, 1966, p. 156.</note> à l’est du village nommé Guṇḍugolanu, à l’occasion du solstice d’hiver, après l’aspersion rituelle. Que ceci soit connu de vous ! L’édit prescrit que cette donation est exempte de toutes taxes.</p>

<p n="29-32">Les limites de ce terrain sont :

à l’est Tepalamupariya,

au sud Punnīsvaramma-nagaruvu ,

à l’ouest le <foreign>pannasa</foreign> de Bhaṭāri,

au nord Guṇḍiyabhaṭlaveṟuvu,

Aucune charge ne doit lui être imposée, celui qui en impose est lié aux cinq grands crimes.

Ainsi a parlé le bienheureux Vyāsa :</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="6">beaucoup ont donné une terre, beaucoup l’ont protégée,

celui qui possède la terre en possède le fruit.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="7">Qu’elle soit donnée par lui ou par un autre, celui qui prend une terre

renaît ver de terre dans des excréments pendant soixante mille ans.</p>

<p n="35-36">L’exécuteur est le <foreign>kaṭakarāja</foreign>. Que les chefs de Kalvapākṣīvumācepu et les * * *<note>Le texte est illisible.</note> Balāka et Velābhaṭā protègent ce poème de Mādhavabhaṭṭa, eux qui possèdent deux milliers de grands éléphants dans l’une et l’autre des armées.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="8">Ce splendide édit a été gravé par le nommé Koṇḍācārya, pareil à Viśvakarman, fils de Dattandrāja-Mahendra.

</p>

</div>

<p>Stanza 2 is in the rare <foreign>gaṇacchandas</foreign> metre <foreign>lalitā</foreign>, other instances of which occur in stanza 3 of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00033.xml">Kolaveṇṇu plates of Bhīma II</ref> and stanza 12 of the <ref target="DHARMA_INSVengiCalukya00038.xml">Maliyapūṇḍi grant of Amma II</ref>.</p>

<p>The sentence(s) about the <foreign>rakṣaka</foreign>s of the charter in lines 35-36 are beyond me and were probably also unintelligible to Fleet, who does not mention their purport in his brief description of the contents. The beginning of this stretch of text is, with Fleet's emendations, a proper <foreign>āryā</foreign> hemistich, but I see no way of fitting the continuation to <foreign>āryā</foreign> or a related metre, so this may be mere chance. If, however, the text is in verse, that may explain why it is so awkwardly composed.</p>

</div>

<p>Edited from the original by Fleet (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Fleet1884_04"/></bibl>), with facsimiles but without a translation. The present edition by Dániel Balogh is based on a collation of Fleet's edition with his published facsimiles.<note>My scan of IA13 is quite poor. I follow Fleet wherever the scan is illegible. This edition will need to be reCHECKed when photos of Ind. Ch. 10 are available from the BL.</note></p>

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