Vīraṇam, time of Kampapōttaraiyar, year 14

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Hero-stone inscription commemorating the death of a hero in battle. See INSPallava00311, same date, of very similar content.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00312.

File path: DHARMA_INSPallava00312.xml.

Version: 2026-03-03 16:08 (a5be19c), last modified 2025-09-24 16:03 (df3f0d0).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī kō-vicaiya-kampa-pōttaraiyarkku yāṇṭu patiṉāl-āvatu
⟨2⟩ vāṇa-kō-v-araiyar va¡I!ra-mēkaṉār vāṇa-kō-p-pātiyu maḷā-
⟨3⟩ ṭu milāṭai-p-pāṭiyuñ cōḻa-nāṭṭu-k kāviri-¡I!ṉ
⟨4⟩ vaṭa-karai Ellām āḷā-niṉṟa kālattu vēṇāṭṭu mu-n-nū-
⟨5⟩ ṟum e¡I!ṉāṭ' ai-
⟨6⟩ -n-nūṟum āṇ-
⟨7⟩ ṭa nanti-perumā-
⟨8⟩ ṉār makaṉ Akkaḻi-
⟨9⟩ mallaṉār mēṟ-
⟨10⟩ -kōvalūr-nāṭṭu
⟨11⟩ veṇṇamuñ cā-
⟨12⟩ ttaṉūrum āḷā-
⟨13⟩ -niṟka-p paṅkaḷa-
⟨14⟩ -nāṭṭ-uṭaiya mā-tē-
⟨15⟩ var paṭai cātta-
⟨16⟩ ṉūr Eṟiya ve--
⟨17⟩ ¡ṉ!ṇattu niṉ-
⟨18⟩ ru ceṉṟu pi-
⟨19⟩ ṉpu ceṉṟu-
⟨20⟩ piṇaṅki vē-
⟨21⟩ ṇāṭṭ’ ellai-
⟨22⟩ -k kārā-c-caṅka--
⟨23⟩ nṉ ¡p-p!aṭṭāṉ ka(l)

Translation

⟨1⟩ Prosperity! Fortune!

⟨1⟩ Fourteenth year the victorious king Kampapōttaraiyar.

⟨2–23⟩ ⟨This is the⟩ stone ⟨erected in honour of⟩ Kārāccaṅkaṉ, he who,

when (kālattu¹) Vāṇakōvaraiyar Vayiramēkaṉār was currently/continuously ruling over (āḷā-niṉṟa) the whole (ellām) of the Vāṇakōppāṭi, Mālāṭu, Milāṭaippāṭi and the northern bank of the Kāvēri (kāviri) in the Cōḻanāṭu,
whereas Akkaḻimallaṉār—the son of Nanti-perumāṉār who was ruling (āṇṭa) over the Vēṇātu three-hundred and the Eyiṟnāṭu (e-Iṉāṭ') five-hundred— was currently/continuously ruling over (āḷā-niṉṟa) Veṇṇam and Cāttaṉūr in the Mēṟkōvalūrnāṭu,
whereas the army of Mātēvar, the Lord, of Paṅkaḷanāṭu, attacked (eṟiya) Cāttaṉūr,

went from (niṉṟu ceṉṟu) Veṇṇam, went after (piṉpu ceṉṟu) ⟨the enemies⟩, mingled (piṅaṅki) ⟨with them⟩, and died at the border (ellai) of Vēṇāṭu.

Bibliography

Edited in Nākacāmi 1972 (CN 1971/46). Text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 312).

This digital edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on Nākacāmi 1972 and on photos (2009, by EFEO).

Primary

[CN] Nākacāmi, Irā. 1972. Ceṅkam naṭukaṟkaḷ. TNSDA publication 21. Ceṉṉai: Tamiḻnāṭu Aracu tolporuḷ Āyvuttuṟai. Item 1971/46.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Pages 708–709, item 312.

Secondary

Rajan, K. 2000. South Indian memorial stones. Thanjavur: Manoo Pathippakam. Page 185, item 310.

Notes

1. Literally: at the time.

Display Options Word Wrap Line Numbers Comments Processing Instructions

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<title>Vīraṇam, time of Kampapōttaraiyar, year 14</title>

<resp>author of digital edition</resp>

<forename>Emmanuel</forename>

<surname>Francis</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

</titleStmt>

<authority>DHARMA</authority>

<pubPlace>Paris, CEIAS</pubPlace>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSPallava00312</idno>

<p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported

Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to

Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,

California, 94041, USA.</p>

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>

<idno/>

</msIdentifier>

<summary>Hero-stone inscription commemorating the death of a hero in battle. See <ref target="DHARMA_INSPallava00311">INSPallava00311</ref>, same date, of very similar content.</summary>

</msContents>

<p/>

</handDesc>

</physDesc>

</msDesc>

</sourceDesc>

</fileDesc>

<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)

under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant

agreement no 809994).</p>

</projectDesc>

<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named

ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>

</prefixDef>

<p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the

<ref>DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>

</prefixDef>

</listPrefixDef>

</encodingDesc>

<change who="part:emfr" when="2024-04-28" status="draft">Creation of the file</change>

</revisionDesc>

</teiHeader>

<body>

<ab>

<lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi>

</ab>

<p>

kō-vicaiya-kampa-pōttaraiyarkku yāṇṭu patiṉāl-āvatu

</p>

<p>

<lb n="2"/>vāṇa-kō-v-araiyar va<choice><orig>I</orig><reg>yi</reg></choice>ra-mēkaṉār vāṇa-kō-p-pātiyu maḷā

<lb n="3" break="no"/>ṭu milāṭai-p-pāṭiyuñ cōḻa-nāṭṭu-k kāviri-<choice><orig>I</orig><reg>y-i</reg></choice>ṉ

<lb n="4"/>vaṭa-karai Ellām āḷā-niṉṟa kālattu vēṇāṭṭu mu-n-nū

<lb n="5" break="no"/>ṟum e<choice><orig>I</orig><reg>y-i</reg></choice>ṉāṭ' ai

<lb n="6" break="no"/> -n-nūṟum āṇ

<lb n="7" break="no"/>ṭa nanti-perumā

<lb n="8" break="no"/>ṉār makaṉ Akkaḻi

<lb n="9" break="no"/>mallaṉār mēṟ

<lb n="10" break="no"/>-kōvalūr-nāṭṭu

<lb n="11"/>veṇṇamuñ cā

<lb n="12" break="no"/>ttaṉūrum āḷā

<lb n="13" break="no"/>-niṟka-p paṅkaḷa

<lb n="14" break="no"/>-nāṭṭ-uṭaiya mā-tē

<lb n="15" break="no"/>var paṭai cātta

<lb n="16" break="no"/>ṉūr Eṟiya ve-

<lb n="17" break="no"/><choice><orig>ṉ</orig><reg>ṇ</reg></choice>ṇattu niṉ

<lb n="18" break="no"/>ru ceṉṟu pi

<lb n="19" break="no"/>ṉpu ceṉṟu

<lb n="20" break="no"/>piṇaṅki vē

<lb n="21" break="no"/>ṇāṭṭ’ ellai

<lb n="22" break="no"/>-k kārā-c-caṅka-

<lb n="23" break="no"/>nṉ <choice><orig>p-p</orig><reg>p</reg></choice>aṭṭāṉ ka<unclear>l</unclear>

</p>

</div>

<!--<div type="apparatus">

</app>

</listApp>

</div>-->

Prosperity! Fortune!

</p>

<p n="1">Fourteenth year the victorious king Kampapōttaraiyar.</p>

<supplied reason="subaudible">This is the</supplied> stone <supplied reason="subaudible">erected in honour of</supplied>

Kārāccaṅkaṉ, he who,

<list>

<item>when <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kālattu</foreign><note>Literally: at the time.</note></supplied> Vāṇakōvaraiyar Vayiramēkaṉār was currently/continuously ruling over <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āḷā-niṉṟa</foreign></supplied> the whole <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ellām</foreign></supplied> of the Vāṇakōppāṭi, Mālāṭu, Milāṭaippāṭi and the northern bank of the Kāvēri <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāviri</foreign></supplied> in the Cōḻanāṭu,</item>

<item>whereas Akkaḻimallaṉār—the son of Nanti-perumāṉār who was ruling <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āṇṭa</foreign></supplied> over the Vēṇātu three-hundred and the Eyiṟnāṭu <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>e-Iṉāṭ'</foreign></supplied> five-hundred— was currently/continuously ruling over <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āḷā-niṉṟa</foreign></supplied> Veṇṇam and Cāttaṉūr in the Mēṟkōvalūrnāṭu,</item>

<item>whereas the army of Mātēvar, the Lord, of Paṅkaḷanāṭu, attacked <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>eṟiya</foreign></supplied> Cāttaṉūr,</item>

</list>

went from <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>niṉṟu ceṉṟu</foreign></supplied> Veṇṇam, went after <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>piṉpu ceṉṟu</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">the enemies</supplied>, mingled <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>piṅaṅki</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">with them</supplied>, and died at the border <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ellai</foreign></supplied> of Vēṇāṭu.

</p>

</div>

<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakacami1972_01"/></bibl> (CN 1971/46). Text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 312).</p>

<p>This digital edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakacami1972_01"/></bibl> and on photos (2009, by EFEO).</p>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>