Myanadi Stone Slab

Authors of digital edition: Arlo Griffiths (argr), Marc Miyake (mami), Julian Karl Wheatley (jukw).

Language: Pyu (pyx) [Latin (latin)].

Repository: Pyu Epigraphy (tfc-pyu-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPYU00032.

File path: DHARMA_INSPYU00032.xml.

Version: 2026-03-04 23:37 (45672e8), last modified 2026-03-04 11:36 (d59616c).

Edition

⟨1⟩ […] [*]C [*]C [*](T) [*]Ṅ [*]C [ta]R [daṃ](V)[ḥ] [t]gaMṃ[ḥ] (daṃ)V(ḥ) [t]daVṃ(ḥ) (k)d[i]Lṁ j(i)ṁḥ gaṃḥ mdrauṄ ndiKṃ kli s(th/ḅ/v)uY kdloN roM joK sdaKṃ taR daVṃḥ […]
⟨2⟩ […] CrVṄ [*]L [**]P [*]Ṅ [*]T [*] CkVṄ [*]N [*]Ṅ (d)aVṃḥ _ taR daVṃḥ tgaMṃḥ daVṃḥ tdaVṃḥ kdiLṁ jiṁḥ gaṃḥ mdrauṄ ndiKṃ kli s(c/v)uY kdlo(N) ro(M) joK sdaṃ(K) taM pdaNṃḥ pdlauT tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ giTṃ ce kkiṄṁ niNṁ yaṄ da daVṃḥ _ taR daVṃḥ tgaMṃ daVṃḥ tdaVṃḥ kdi(L)ṁ jiṁḥ gaṃḥ (m)dr(o)Ṅ ndiKṃ kli s(c/v)uY […]
⟨3⟩ […] [*]N [ḅi]Nṁḥ paYṁḥ ntu(l)(R)ḥ tṅaVḥ ñaḥ gi kdiVṃṁ mka _ tyaṄḥ tgoNṃḥ toY tva O kdiṃ gi naNḥ pṅaT tyaṄḥ tgoNṃḥ toY tva viṃṁ sguṄṃ kli ḅaT ḅaḥ gi (m)liTṁ mleṄḥ mliTṁ mleṄḥ pduRṃ taLṁ daṄṃṁ ḅaḥ gi teṄ pkaṄ _ le ṅuḥ gi ḅiNṁḥ tiḥ rya mliTṁ mleṄḥ dra hliṁḥ tiVṁ liṁ tiVṁ leṄḥ O khaḥ nba O paL praT O(N) pūṄ
⟨4⟩ bu nsVT pVṄ g[i] d[i]Kṃ(ṁ) tguT gi ṭre phṅaN _ gi haVḥ pṭraT taR daVṃḥ pr̥ kuL toY tkiRṁḥ O(n)(L) diṃ _ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daṄṃṁ tiṁ tdaLṃ tiṁ tdaVṃḥ (t)r̥ vu tr̥ daṄ piNṁ diTṃṁ ḅaḥ gi ṭloMḥ ta kruT ḅaḥ gi pduVṃ ta pṅaY _ le ṅuḥ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ (t)geNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daṄṃṁ tr̥ vu tr̥ daṄṃ tiṁ tdaLṃ tiṁ tdaVṃḥ kṭriPṁ piNṁḥ gi diṃ(K)ṁ tguT gi ṭre phṅaN _ le ṅuḥ taR draNṃ kruT tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ
⟨5⟩ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli O tḅaYṁḥ tkaḥ O mliTṁ mleṄḥ O mdruḥ (m)ra O (ṅ)oMḥ raNḥ O ndluP pr̥i gaTṃ si(N)ṁ giT ta raT siNṁ baRḥ gi draNṁḥ _ ḅaḥ gi skiR piṁ pūRṁḥ ḅaḥ gi kuP nhmoḥ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli O tḅaYṁḥ tkaḥ O ṅoMḥ raTḥ O mdruḥ mra _ (ḅaḥ g)i paK laḥ __ ḅaḥ gi ?ḥ _ ḅaḥ gi deLṃḥ mdraYḥ _ ḅaḥ giK phiKṁ phi⟨ṁ⟩ tiRṁ
⟨6⟩ ḅaḥ gi sruT diṃ _ ḅaḥ gi pniP pr̥ hiṄ _ ḅaḥ gi saṁḥ O rgaVṃ niNṁ laḥ _ O hyaṃḥ niNṁ kaY _ tiṁ pdraT thaK kdiṃ ḅa tgaYṃ piṄṁḥ nkuL (t)ūM raT tka gi daṃḥ taK _ taR daVṃḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ O daVṃḥ pdiNṃṁ O ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ kiVṁ tliḥ loḥ raT dri(N)ṁ thaK kvuRṃ piTṁḥ gi bo daṃḥ _ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daVṃ ti(ṁ) tdaLṃ gi daVṃ ta daṄṃṁ tiMṁ taV gi pdiTṁ pta _ tgoV ti(N)ṁ kaV O ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ pgauT hvuṃ kboT pi[T]ṁḥ gi pṅiT hvuṃ
⟨7⟩ ḅiNṁḥ ḅiṁ loḥ gi riḥ thṅa _ ḅiNṁḥ daṃḥ loḥ gi naḥ kroṄ _ gaYṁḥ kdaṄ vo kaP kboT kboṄ naM kdiMṃṁ taR daVṃḥ pr̥ kuL toY tkiRṁḥ O praN ḅaḥ gi tgaYṃ tya⟨Ṅ⟩ḥ _ ta viṃṁ __ yaṁ dri nu hnaM t(d)aVṃḥ __ tkuL mūṄḥ niNṁ ki(R)ṁḥ O sguṃ ktuK kgaṃḥ nro(M)ḥ tiTṁ ba _ gaYṁḥ rliL ma viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli taR ḅiNṁḥ taK ṭroMḥ _ taR ḅiNṁḥ tiMṁ ro(M) tiMṁ hliṁḥ [************] _ taR ḅiNṁḥ tiMṁ kiLṁ tiMṁ diṃ _ mgauLṃ mcauṄ nma tiNṁ ṅaR tbiMṁ hmi
⟨8⟩ la diNṃṁ taR ḅiṁḥ paYṁḥ nhmoK nhmoLḥ _ nhmu(Y)ḥ nḅaṄṁ tiNṁ giLṁ sdaṄṃ kciP tiṁ kdoLḥ la ḅaT taR ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ sgauLṃ kdiMṃṁ _ ntoR ndoṃ tlaRṁḥ tṅaT tiNṁ biMṁ la diNṃṁ taR ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ pdauṄṃ khnoḥ _ yaṁ nroMḥ ta kgoY tiRṁ gaṃ nkuL mūṄḥ tiNṁ kiRṁḥ tiNṁ ba mgeLṃ hi ta kraVṁḥ kroḥ ta tiNṁ daṃ(Ṅ)ṁ tiNṁ maT O pgaṃ dri _ ḅaḥ gi co(T) sa⟨T⟩ _ ḅaḥ gi pdaTṃ pvaY _ ḅaḥ gi koNḥ kaḥ [*****] mcuḥ yaṁ ñaḥ tiNṁ ba yaṁ dri _ maN ta viṃṁ taM coT saT
⟨9⟩ O hnauT nr̥ hnaM mra nmiR tiNṁ li tiMṁ ṅoY kkiṄṁ tiṁ slaY la ḅiNṁḥ pa(Y)ṁḥ la mīNṁḥ kca la kdaṃ knuK piNḥ[***********] kpr̥ tiNṁ maT O kaṄ [*******] kṅaT tiMṁ gaṄ kdaṄ sguṄṃ priṄḥ _ khlaV tiṁ khliṄḥ ḅaḥ diNṃṁ daMṁ pdaKṃ
⟨10⟩ ta viṃṁ yaṁ dri nr̥ hnaM tdaVṃḥ nroVḥ tiNṁ ba nruTḥ ngiLṃḥ kraVṁḥ tiṁ sgauKṃ taR ḅiNṁḥ roM ta _ tdaVṃḥ nr̥ hnaM ḅa kiTṁ tbaK la diNṃṁ [***] ḅa diLṁ ∥@

⟨1⟩ […] [1+]C [1+]C [1+](T) [1+]Ṅ [1+]C [ta]R [daṃ](V)[ḥ] [t]gaMṃ[ḥ] (daṃ)V(ḥ) [t]daVṃ(ḥ) (k)d[i]Lṁ j(i)ṁḥ gaṃḥ mdrauṄ ndiKṃ kli s(th/ḅ/v)uY kdloN roM joK sdaKṃ taR daVṃḥ […] ⟨2⟩ […] CrVṄ [1+]L [2+]P [1+]Ṅ [1+]T [1+] CkVṄ [1+]N [1+]Ṅ (d)aVṃḥ _ taR daVṃḥ tgaMṃḥ daVṃḥ tdaVṃḥ kdiLṁ jiṁḥ gaṃḥ mdrauṄ ndiKṃ kli s(c/v)uY kdlo(N) ro(M) joK sdaṃ(K) taM pdaNṃḥ pdlauT tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ giTṃ ce kkiṄṁ niNṁ yaṄ da daVṃḥ _ taR daVṃḥ tgaMṃ daVṃḥ tdaVṃḥ kdi(L)ṁ jiṁḥ gaṃḥ (m)dr(o)Ṅ ndiKṃ kli s(c/v)uY […] ⟨3⟩ […] [1+]N [ḅi]Nṁḥ paYṁḥ ntu(l)(R)ḥ tṅaVḥ ñaḥ gi kdiVṃṁ mka _ tyaṄḥ tgoNṃḥ toY tva O kdiṃ gi naNḥ pṅaT tyaṄḥ tgoNṃḥ toY tva viṃṁ sguṄṃ kli ḅaT ḅaḥ gi (m)liTṁ mleṄḥ mliTṁ mleṄḥ pduRṃ taLṁ daṄṃṁ ḅaḥ gi teṄ pkaṄ _ le ṅuḥ gi ḅiNṁḥ tiḥ rya mliTṁ mleṄḥ dra hliṁḥ tiVṁ liṁ tiVṁ leṄḥ O khaḥ nba O paL praT O(N) pūṄ ⟨4⟩ bu nsVT pVṄ g[i] d[i]Kṃ(ṁ) tguT gi ṭre phṅaN _ gi haVḥ pṭraT taR daVṃḥ pr̥ kuL toY tkiRṁḥ O(n)(L) diṃ _ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daṄṃṁ tiṁ tdaLṃ tiṁ tdaVṃḥ (t)r̥ vu tr̥ daṄ piNṁ diTṃṁ ḅaḥ gi ṭloMḥ ta kruT ḅaḥ gi pduVṃ ta pṅaY _ le ṅuḥ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ (t)geNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daṄṃṁ tr̥ vu tr̥ daṄṃ tiṁ tdaLṃ tiṁ tdaVṃḥ kṭriPṁ piNṁḥ gi diṃ(K)ṁ tguT gi ṭre phṅaN _ le ṅuḥ taR draNṃ kruT tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ ⟨5⟩ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli O tḅaYṁḥ tkaḥ O mliTṁ mleṄḥ O mdruḥ (m)ra O (ṅ)oMḥ raNḥ O ndluP pr̥i gaTṃ si(N)ṁ giT ta raT siNṁ baRḥ gi draNṁḥ _ ḅaḥ gi skiR piṁ pūRṁḥ ḅaḥ gi kuP nhmoḥ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli O tḅaYṁḥ tkaḥ O ṅoMḥ raTḥ O mdruḥ mra _ (ḅaḥ g)i paK laḥ __ ḅaḥ gi ?ḥ _ ḅaḥ gi deLṃḥ mdraYḥ _ ḅaḥ giK phiKṁ phi⟨ṁ⟩ tiRṁ ⟨6⟩ ḅaḥ gi sruT diṃ _ ḅaḥ gi pniP pr̥ hiṄ _ ḅaḥ gi saṁḥ O rgaVṃ niNṁ laḥ _ O hyaṃḥ niNṁ kaY _ tiṁ pdraT thaK kdiṃ ḅa tgaYṃ piṄṁḥ nkuL (t)ūM raT tka gi daṃḥ taK _ taR daVṃḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ O daVṃḥ pdiNṃṁ O ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ kiVṁ tliḥ loḥ raT dri(N)ṁ thaK kvuRṃ piTṁḥ gi bo daṃḥ _ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daVṃ ti(ṁ) tdaLṃ gi daVṃ ta daṄṃṁ tiMṁ taV gi pdiTṁ pta _ tgoV ti(N)ṁ kaV O ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ pgauT hvuṃ kboT pi[T]ṁḥ gi pṅiT hvuṃ ⟨7⟩ ḅiNṁḥ ḅiṁ loḥ gi riḥ thṅa _ ḅiNṁḥ daṃḥ loḥ gi naḥ kroṄ _ gaYṁḥ kdaṄ vo kaP kboT kboṄ naM kdiMṃṁ taR daVṃḥ pr̥ kuL toY tkiRṁḥ O praN ḅaḥ gi tgaYṃ tya⟨Ṅ⟩ḥ _ ta viṃṁ __ yaṁ dri nu hnaM t(d)aVṃḥ __ tkuL mūṄḥ niNṁ ki(R)ṁḥ O sguṃ ktuK kgaṃḥ nro(M)ḥ tiTṁ ba _ gaYṁḥ rliL ma viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli taR ḅiNṁḥ taK ṭroMḥ _ taR ḅiNṁḥ tiMṁ ro(M) tiMṁ hliṁḥ [12+] _ taR ḅiNṁḥ tiMṁ kiLṁ tiMṁ diṃ _ mgauLṃ mcauṄ nma tiNṁ ṅaR tbiMṁ hmi ⟨8⟩ la diNṃṁ taR ḅiṁḥ paYṁḥ nhmoK nhmoLḥ _ nhmu(Y)ḥ nḅaṄṁ tiNṁ giLṁ sdaṄṃ kciP tiṁ kdoLḥ la ḅaT taR ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ sgauLṃ kdiMṃṁ _ ntoR ndoṃ tlaRṁḥ tṅaT tiNṁ biMṁ la diNṃṁ taR ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ pdauṄṃ khnoḥ _ yaṁ nroMḥ ta kgoY tiRṁ gaṃ nkuL mūṄḥ tiNṁ kiRṁḥ tiNṁ ba mgeLṃ hi ta kraVṁḥ kroḥ ta tiNṁ daṃ(Ṅ)ṁ tiNṁ maT O pgaṃ dri _ ḅaḥ gi co(T) sa⟨T⟩ _ ḅaḥ gi pdaTṃ pvaY _ ḅaḥ gi koNḥ kaḥ [5+] mcuḥ yaṁ ñaḥ tiNṁ ba yaṁ dri _ maN ta viṃṁ taM coT saT ⟨9⟩ O hnauT nr̥ hnaM mra nmiR tiNṁ li tiMṁ ṅoY kkiṄṁ tiṁ slaY la ḅiNṁḥ pa(Y)ṁḥ la mīNṁḥ kca la kdaṃ knuK piNḥ[11+] kpr̥ tiNṁ maT O kaṄ [7+] kṅaT tiMṁ gaṄ kdaṄ sguṄṃ priṄḥ _ khlaV tiṁ khliṄḥ ḅaḥ diNṃṁ daMṁ pdaKṃ ⟨10⟩ ta viṃṁ yaṁ dri nr̥ hnaM tdaVṃḥ nroVḥ tiNṁ ba nruTḥ ngiLṃḥ kraVṁḥ tiṁ sgauKṃ taR ḅiNṁḥ roM ta _ tdaVṃḥ nr̥ hnaM ḅa kiTṁ tbaK la diNṃṁ [3+] ḅa diLṁ ∥@

Commentary

1. <[daṃ]v[·ḥ] [t]daVṃ(ḥ) (k)d[i]Lṁ ṅ[i]ṁḥ>: this sequence was restored after material fully preserved in line 2.

1. <s[th/ḅ/v]uY>: the medial consonant is either misread or miswritten, cf. <scuY/svuY> which appears twice in l. 2.

1. <taR daVṃḥ>: the <ṃ> is marked rather higher than its usual position.

2. < tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ>: the same sequence appears in l. 4.

2. <tgeNṃḥ>: cf. <tgeLṃḥ> elsewhere in this text.

3. </// .N (ḅi)Nṁḥ paYṁḥ>: restoration after occurrences of the sequence <ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ> in lines 6 and 8.

3. <tṅaVḥ>: should this be <tndaVḥ>? However, the turn to the bottom is not typical of medial <d>.

3. <viṃṁ sguṄṃ kli>: the same sequence recurs twice in line 5.

3. <pūṄ>: the parallel bar below the bottom line of <pu> might indicate that this akṣara is <AṄ> rather than <puṄ>; cf. the beginning of PYU 20, and lines 5 and 7 below.

4. <pVṄḥ>: the has an unusual line in its bottom left corner.

4. <[t]geNṃḥ>: in identical sequences further on in this line, and in l. 2, this word figures as <tgeLṃḥ>. The presumptive <t> here is very imperfectly realized.

4. <gi d[i]Kṃ tgaN gi ṭre phṅaN>: restorations after material fully preserved further on in this line.

5. <viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli >: the same sequence occured in line 3 as well as twice in this line.

5. <pūRṁḥ>: should this be read <ARṁḥ>? Cf. our note on <pūṄ> in l. 3.

5. <tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP nliṄ viTṃṁ sguṃṅ kli O tḅaYmḥ tkaḥ O>: this section repeats the last three akṣaras from line 4 and the first 8 from this line.

5. <ḅaḥ giK phiKṁ phi(ṁ) tiRṁ>: we presume the intended reading was <ḅaḥ gi phiKṁ phiKṁ tiRṁ>, with the two cases of <K> in immediate succession misplaced one akṣara to the left, and the <ṁ> of the second <phiKṁ> written next to, rather than on top of, its akṣara, and the whole akṣara <ti> plus its <ṁ> then raised substantially above the line, creating the impression that the unusually placed <ṁ> is an <ṃ> — which is unprecedented below a <t>.

6. <kvuRṃ and hvuṃ>: cf. the allograph in <phvuṃ> (‘day’ in dates) in PYU 5 and PYU 6, and the same in <hvuṃ> found in PYU 16. This allograph of occurs in the environment of <v>.

6. <mūṄḥ>: should this be read <AṄḥ>? Cf. our note on <pūṄ> in l. 3. The same word occurs in l. 8.

6. <sguṃ>: this should be possibly be edited as <sguṃ⟨Ṅ⟩>.

6. <ktuK>: perhaps the same as the syllable we read knuK in l. 9.

7. <nro[m]·ḥ>: cf. <nroMḥ> in l. 8 and and <nroVḥ> in l. 10. The <[m]·> is upside down.

7. <gaYṁḥ rliL ma viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli>: what seems to be the same sequence appears in l. 9, there certainly without final consonant below <rli>.

7. <taR ḅiNṁḥ taK ṭroMḥ _ taR ḅiNṁḥ tiMṁ ro[M]>: cf. a parallel passage in PYU 19, l. 2. This should be possibly be edited as <ro⟨M⟩> or <ro(M)>.

8. <nroMḥ>: cf. <nroMḥ> in l. 7 and <nroVḥ> in l. 10.

8. <co[t]· sa⟨T⟩>: reading inferred from the occurrence of what we presume to be the same sequence at the end of the line.

8. <tiNṁ maT O>: the same sequence occurs in l. 9.

9. <ta viṃṁ taM>: is repeated just along the line. The <t> graphs differ slightly: several have the upside down wineglass shape but no loops, one has a clear loop. There does not seem to be a single feature among them that might suggest different graphemes, <n> versus <t>.

9. <gaYṁḥ rli ma viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli>: what seems to be the same sequence appeared in l. 7, there apparently with a final consonant below <rli>.

9. <knuK>: perhaps the same as the syllable we read <ktuK> in l. 7.

9. <tiNṁ maT O>: the same sequence occurs in l. 9.

10. <nroVḥ>: cf. <nro[m]·ḥ> in l. 7 and and <nroMḥ> in l. 8. If these are the same word, the spellings could point to a sound change *-om > -ow as in Tangut.

Bibliography

Recorded in Nyunt Han [Ññvan. han] et al. 2007, p. 13 who notes a broken top, but ten lines remaining. Moore 2009, pp. 111–2 remarks on a distinctive “r” and “i” in the inscription and cites San Win in finding the script similar to that of the Sriksetra gold plates. Sein Win [cin vaṅḥ] 2016, pp. 137–51 has eye drawings and a complete transliteration. Re-edited here from published photographs and our team’s RTIs.

Primary

Griffiths, Arlo, Marc Miyake and Julian K. Wheatley. 2018–03–26. “Corpus of Pyu inscriptions.” Zenodo. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1207290. [URL]. Item DHARMA_INSPYU00032.

Secondary

Naing Zaw [Nuiṅ jau]. 2011. pyū nuiṅ ṅaṁ tau nhaṅ. pyū nuiṅ ṅaṁ sāḥ myāḥ [Pyu Civilization: the Regions and the Peoples]. Yangon: Sīrivaccha cā pe [Sri Wissa Publishing House]. Page 524.

Display Options Word Wrap Line Numbers Comments Processing Instructions

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<title>Myanadi Stone Slab</title>

<resp>author of digital edition</resp>

<persName ref="part:argr"><forename>Arlo</forename><surname>Griffiths</surname></persName><persName ref="part:mami"><forename>Marc</forename><surname>Miyake</surname></persName><persName ref="part:jukw"><forename>Julian Karl</forename><surname>Wheatley</surname></persName></respStmt>

</titleStmt>

<authority>DHARMA</authority>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSPYU00032</idno>

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported

Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to

Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,

California, 94041, USA.

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>

</msIdentifier>

</msContents>

<!-- If you need to identify individual hands (EGD §7.5/) in addition to one or more paragraphs of general palaeographic description, wrap <summary> around the or s above, and, outside <summary>, create <handNote> elements for each hand as follows:

-->

</handDesc>

</physDesc>

</msDesc>

</sourceDesc>

</fileDesc>

The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).

</projectDesc>

Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.

</prefixDef>

Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the <ref>DHARMA_idListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.

</prefixDef>

</listPrefixDef>

</encodingDesc>

<change who="part:mime" when="2026-03-02">Conversion to DHARMA guidelines</change>

</revisionDesc>

</teiHeader>

<body>

<ab>

<unclear>k</unclear>d<supplied reason="lost">i</supplied>Lṁ

j<unclear>i</unclear>ṁḥ gaṃḥ mdrauṄ ndiKṃ kli s<choice>

</choice>uY kdloN roM joK sdaKṃ taR daVṃḥ <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown"/>

<lb n="2"/><gap reason="lost" extent="unknown"/> CrVṄ <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>L <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>P <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>Ṅ <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>T <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/> CkVṄ <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>N <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>Ṅ <unclear>d</unclear>aVṃḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> taR daVṃḥ tgaMṃḥ daVṃḥ tdaVṃḥ kdiLṁ jiṁḥ gaṃḥ mdrauṄ ndiKṃ kli s<choice>

</choice>uY kdlo<unclear>N</unclear>

ro<unclear>M</unclear> joK sdaṃ<unclear>K</unclear> taM pdaNṃḥ pdlauT tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ giTṃ ce kkiṄṁ niNṁ yaṄ da daVṃḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> taR daVṃḥ tgaMṃ daVṃḥ tdaVṃḥ kdi<unclear>L</unclear>ṁ jiṁḥ gaṃḥ <unclear>m</unclear>dr<unclear>o</unclear>Ṅ ndiKṃ kli s<choice>

</choice>uY <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown"/>

<gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>N <supplied reason="lost">ḅi</supplied>Nṁḥ paYṁḥ ntu<unclear>l</unclear><unclear>R</unclear>ḥ tṅaVḥ ñaḥ gi kdiVṃṁ mka <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> tyaṄḥ tgoNṃḥ toY tva O kdiṃ gi naNḥ pṅaT tyaṄḥ tgoNṃḥ toY tva viṃṁ sguṄṃ kli ḅaT ḅaḥ gi <unclear>m</unclear>liTṁ mleṄḥ mliTṁ mleṄḥ pduRṃ taLṁ daṄṃṁ ḅaḥ gi teṄ pkaṄ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> le ṅuḥ gi ḅiNṁḥ tiḥ rya mliTṁ mleṄḥ dra hliṁḥ tiVṁ liṁ tiVṁ leṄḥ O khaḥ nba O paL praT O<unclear>N</unclear> pūṄ <lb n="4"/>bu nsVT pVṄ g<supplied reason="lost">i</supplied> d<supplied reason="lost">i</supplied>Kṃ<unclear>ṁ</unclear> tguT gi ṭre phṅaN <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> gi haVḥ pṭraT taR daVṃḥ pr̥ kuL toY tkiRṁḥ O<unclear>n</unclear><unclear>L</unclear> diṃ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daṄṃṁ tiṁ tdaLṃ tiṁ tdaVṃḥ <unclear>t</unclear>r̥ vu tr̥ daṄ piNṁ diTṃṁ ḅaḥ gi ṭloMḥ ta kruT ḅaḥ gi pduVṃ ta pṅaY <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> le ṅuḥ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ <unclear>t</unclear>geNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daṄṃṁ tr̥ vu tr̥ daṄṃ tiṁ tdaLṃ tiṁ tdaVṃḥ kṭriPṁ piNṁḥ gi diṃ<unclear>K</unclear>ṁ tguT gi ṭre phṅaN <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> le ṅuḥ taR draNṃ kruT tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ <lb n="5"/>tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli O tḅaYṁḥ tkaḥ O mliTṁ mleṄḥ O mdruḥ <unclear>m</unclear>ra O <unclear>ṅ</unclear>oMḥ raNḥ O ndluP pr̥i gaTṃ si<unclear>N</unclear>ṁ giT ta raT siNṁ baRḥ gi draNṁḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ gi skiR piṁ pūRṁḥ ḅaḥ gi kuP nhmoḥ tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli O tḅaYṁḥ tkaḥ O ṅoMḥ raTḥ O mdruḥ mra <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/>

<unclear>ḅaḥ g</unclear>i paK laḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="2" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ gi ?ḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ gi deLṃḥ mdraYḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ giK phiKṁ phi<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> tiRṁ <lb n="6"/>ḅaḥ gi sruT diṃ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ gi pniP pr̥ hiṄ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ gi saṁḥ O rgaVṃ niNṁ laḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> O hyaṃḥ niNṁ kaY <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> tiṁ pdraT thaK kdiṃ ḅa tgaYṃ piṄṁḥ nkuL <unclear>t</unclear>ūM raT tka gi daṃḥ taK <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> taR daVṃḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ O daVṃḥ pdiNṃṁ O ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ kiVṁ tliḥ loḥ raT dri<unclear>N</unclear>ṁ thaK kvuRṃ piTṁḥ gi bo daṃḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeLṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ daVṃ ti<unclear>ṁ</unclear> tdaLṃ gi daVṃ ta daṄṃṁ tiMṁ taV gi pdiTṁ pta <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> tgoV ti<unclear>N</unclear>ṁ kaV O ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ pgauT hvuṃ kboT pi<supplied reason="lost">T</supplied>ṁḥ gi pṅiT hvuṃ <lb n="7"/>ḅiNṁḥ ḅiṁ loḥ gi riḥ thṅa <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅiNṁḥ daṃḥ loḥ gi naḥ kroṄ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> gaYṁḥ kdaṄ vo kaP kboT kboṄ naM kdiMṃṁ taR daVṃḥ pr̥ kuL toY tkiRṁḥ O praN ḅaḥ gi tgaYṃ tya<supplied reason="omitted">Ṅ</supplied>ḥ

<space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ta viṃṁ <space type="horizontal" quantity="2" unit="character"/> yaṁ dri nu hnaM t<unclear>d</unclear>aVṃḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="2" unit="character"/> tkuL mūṄḥ niNṁ ki<unclear>R</unclear>ṁḥ O sguṃ ktuK kgaṃḥ nro<unclear>M</unclear>ḥ tiTṁ ba <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> gaYṁḥ rliL ma viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli taR ḅiNṁḥ taK ṭroMḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> taR ḅiNṁḥ tiMṁ ro<unclear>M</unclear> tiMṁ hliṁḥ <gap reason="lost" quantity="12" unit="character"/>

<space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> taR ḅiNṁḥ tiMṁ

kiLṁ tiMṁ diṃ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/>

mgauLṃ mcauṄ nma tiNṁ ṅaR tbiMṁ hmi <lb n="8"/>la diNṃṁ taR ḅiṁḥ

paYṁḥ nhmoK nhmoLḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> nhmu<unclear>Y</unclear>ḥ nḅaṄṁ tiNṁ giLṁ sdaṄṃ kciP tiṁ kdoLḥ la ḅaT taR ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ sgauLṃ kdiMṃṁ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ntoR ndoṃ tlaRṁḥ tṅaT tiNṁ biMṁ la diNṃṁ taR ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ pdauṄṃ khnoḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> yaṁ nroMḥ ta kgoY tiRṁ gaṃ nkuL mūṄḥ tiNṁ kiRṁḥ tiNṁ ba mgeLṃ hi ta kraVṁḥ kroḥ ta tiNṁ daṃ<unclear>Ṅ</unclear>ṁ tiNṁ maT O pgaṃ dri <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ gi co<unclear>T</unclear> sa<supplied reason="omitted">T</supplied>

<space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ gi pdaTṃ

pvaY <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> ḅaḥ gi koNḥ

kaḥ <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/> mcuḥ yaṁ ñaḥ tiNṁ ba yaṁ dri <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> maN ta viṃṁ taM coT saT <lb n="9"/>O hnauT nr̥ hnaM mra nmiR tiNṁ li tiMṁ ṅoY kkiṄṁ tiṁ slaY la ḅiNṁḥ pa<unclear>Y</unclear>ṁḥ la mīNṁḥ kca la kdaṃ knuK piNḥ<gap reason="lost" quantity="11" unit="character"/> kpr̥ tiNṁ maT O kaṄ <gap reason="lost" quantity="7" unit="character"/> kṅaT tiMṁ gaṄ kdaṄ sguṄṃ priṄḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> khlaV tiṁ khliṄḥ ḅaḥ diNṃṁ daMṁ pdaKṃ <lb n="10"/>ta viṃṁ yaṁ dri nr̥ hnaM tdaVṃḥ nroVḥ tiNṁ ba nruTḥ ngiLṃḥ kraVṁḥ tiṁ sgauKṃ taR ḅiNṁḥ roM ta <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> tdaVṃḥ nr̥ hnaM ḅa kiTṁ tbaK la diNṃṁ <gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/> ḅa diLṁ <g type="ddanda">.</g><g>@</g>

</ab>

</div>

</listApp>

</div>

</div>

1. <[daṃ]v[·ḥ] [t]daVṃ(ḥ) (k)d[i]Lṁ ṅ[i]ṁḥ>: this sequence was restored after material fully preserved in line 2.

1. <s[th/ḅ/v]uY>: the medial consonant is either misread or miswritten, cf. <scuY/svuY> which appears twice in l. 2.

1. <taR daVṃḥ>: the <ṃ> is marked rather higher than its usual position.

2. < tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP tliṄ>: the same sequence appears in l. 4.

2. <tgeNṃḥ>: cf. <tgeLṃḥ> elsewhere in this text.

3. </// .N (ḅi)Nṁḥ paYṁḥ>: restoration after occurrences of the sequence <ḅiNṁḥ paYṁḥ> in lines 6 and 8.

3. <tṅaVḥ>: should this be <tndaVḥ>? However, the turn to the bottom is not typical of medial <d>.

3. <viṃṁ sguṄṃ kli>: the same sequence recurs twice in line 5.

3. <pūṄ>: the parallel bar below the bottom line of <pu> might indicate that this akṣara is <AṄ> rather than <puṄ>; cf. the beginning of PYU <ref target="DHARMA_INSPYU00020">20</ref>, and lines 5 and 7 below.

4. <pVṄḥ>: the has an unusual line in its bottom left corner.

4. <[t]geNṃḥ>: in identical sequences further on in this line, and in l. 2, this word figures as <tgeLṃḥ>. The presumptive <t> here is very imperfectly realized.

4. <gi d[i]Kṃ tgaN gi ṭre phṅaN>: restorations after material fully preserved further on in this line.

5. <viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli >: the same sequence occured in line 3 as well as twice in this line.

5. <pūRṁḥ>: should this be read <ARṁḥ>? Cf. our note on <pūṄ> in l. 3.

5. <tyaṄḥ tiṁ priṄḥ tgeNṃḥ tiṁ IP nliṄ viTṃṁ sguṃṅ kli O tḅaYmḥ tkaḥ O>: this section repeats the last three akṣaras from line 4 and the first 8 from this line.

5. <ḅaḥ giK phiKṁ phi(ṁ) tiRṁ>: we presume the intended reading was <ḅaḥ gi phiKṁ phiKṁ tiRṁ>, with the two cases of <K> in immediate succession misplaced one akṣara to the left, and the <ṁ> of the second <phiKṁ> written next to, rather than on top of, its akṣara, and the whole akṣara <ti> plus its <ṁ> then raised substantially above the line, creating the impression that the unusually placed <ṁ> is an <ṃ> — which is unprecedented below a <t>.

6. <kvuRṃ and hvuṃ>: cf. the allograph in <phvuṃ> (‘day' in dates) in PYU <ref target="DHARMA_INSPYU00005">5</ref> and PYU <ref target="DHARMA_INSPYU00006">6</ref>, and the same in <hvuṃ> found in PYU <ref target="DHARMA_INSPYU00016">16</ref>. This allograph of occurs in the environment of <v>.

6. <mūṄḥ>: should this be read <AṄḥ>? Cf. our note on <pūṄ> in l. 3. The same word occurs in l. 8.

6. <sguṃ>: this should be possibly be edited as <sguṃ⟨Ṅ⟩>.

6. <ktuK>: perhaps the same as the syllable we read knuK in l. 9.

7. <nro[m]·ḥ>: cf. <nroMḥ> in l. 8 and and <nroVḥ> in l. 10. The <[m]·> is upside down.

7. <gaYṁḥ rliL ma viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli>: what seems to be the same sequence appears in l. 9, there certainly without final consonant below <rli>.

7. <taR ḅiNṁḥ taK ṭroMḥ <space type="horizontal" quantity="1" unit="character"/> taR ḅiNṁḥ tiMṁ ro[M]>: cf. a parallel passage in PYU <ref target="DHARMA_INSPYU00019">19</ref>, l. 2. This should be possibly be edited as <ro⟨M⟩> or <ro(M)>.

8. <nroMḥ>: cf. <nroMḥ> in l. 7 and <nroVḥ> in l. 10.

8. <co[t]· sa⟨T⟩>: reading inferred from the occurrence of what we presume to be the same sequence at the end of the line.

8. <tiNṁ maT O>: the same sequence occurs in l. 9.

9. <ta viṃṁ taM>: is repeated just along the line. The <t> graphs differ slightly: several have the upside down wineglass shape but no loops, one has a clear loop. There does not seem to be a single feature among them that might suggest different graphemes, <n> versus <t>.

9. <gaYṁḥ rli ma viTṃṁ sguṄṃ kli>: what seems to be the same sequence appeared in l. 7, there apparently with a final consonant below <rli>.

9. <knuK>: perhaps the same as the syllable we read <ktuK> in l. 7.

9. <tiNṁ maT O>: the same sequence occurs in l. 9.

10. <nroVḥ>: cf. <nro[m]·ḥ> in l. 7 and and <nroMḥ> in l. 8. If these are the same word, the spellings could point to a sound change <foreign>*-om</foreign> > <foreign>-ow</foreign> as in Tangut.

</div>

Recorded in <bibl><ptr target="bib:NyuntHan+al2007_01"/><citedRange>13</citedRange></bibl> who notes a broken top, but ten lines remaining. <bibl><ptr target="bib:Moore2009_01"/><citedRange>111-2</citedRange></bibl> remarks on a distinctive “r” and “i” in the inscription and cites San Win in finding the script similar to that of the Sriksetra gold plates. <bibl><ptr target="bib:SeinWin2016_01"/><citedRange>137-51</citedRange></bibl> has eye drawings and a complete transliteration. Re-edited here from published photographs and our team’s RTIs.

<listBibl type="primary"><bibl><ptr target="bib:CPI2018_01"/><citedRange unit="item">DHARMA_INSPYU00032</citedRange></bibl></listBibl><listBibl type="secondary">

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>