Broken statue of Śiva from Chiêm Sơn

Editors: Salomé Pichon, Arlo Griffiths.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSCIC00215.

Language: Old Cham.

Repository: Campa (tfc-campa-epigraphy).

Version: (a2d4f44), last modified (1cfec03).

Edition

o[m̐]

nama śivāya

⟨1⟩ [6+] yām̃ pom̃ ku śrī śrīndraviṣṇukīrtti vīrabhadravarmmade⟨2⟩[va] [4+](r)mma pūra urām̃ ṅauk· glauṅ· vijaya pu pom̃ ku nan· ticauvv· yām̃ ⟨3⟩ [pom̃ ku śrī] (ja)ya siṅhavarmmadeva ticauvv· pu pom̃ vyā parameśvarī pu pom̃ ku ⟨4⟩ kumman· yām̃ pom̃ ku śrī braṣu indravarmmadeva paramotbhava di yām̃ pu śrī ⟨5⟩ rājaparamātmaja yām̃ pu yuvarāja yām̃ pom̃ ku śrī śrīndraviṣṇukīrtti vīra⟨6⟩bhadravarmmadeva pu pom̃ ku śivabhaktātireka tadyom̃ di dharmmopapāti jan· ⟨7⟩ samastapunyadharmma makapun· (th)al(y)a (th)am̃krammasatā(ka) dhūppa vada kā(la) [1+] ⟨8⟩ [unknown number of illegible lines]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ viṣṇukīrtti ⬦ viṣṇumūrtti Schweyer 2003.

⟨2⟩ [va][4+](r)mma pūra ⬦ [va ca]mpapūra Schweyer 2003. — ⟨2⟩ nan· ⬦ nagara Schweyer 2003.

⟨3⟩ [pom̃ ku śrī](ja)ya siṅhavarmmadeva ⬦ [ja]ya siṅhavarmmadeva Schweyer 2003 • There is definitely place for several more syllables than Schweyer assumes, and comparison with other inscriptions shows that pom̃ ku śrī is a fixed part of the royal title. — ⟨3⟩ vyā parameśvarī • this sequence was not read by Schweyer, although the letters are clear, and the same sequence figures in C. 11 A, l. 3 and C. 22 A, l. 3.

⟨4⟩ paramotbhava di ⬦ paramottara niy Schweyer 2003 • For paramodbhava (of which paramotbhava represents a sloppy spelling), see C. 11 A, l. 3 and C. 31 A1, l. 2 (a form paramottara is not attested, and the reading is clearly °va, not °ra).

⟨5⟩ rājaparamātmaja ⬦ rājaparamā. . . Schweyer 2003 • The letters unread by Schweyer are clear. — ⟨5⟩ pu yuvarāja ⬦ pov ku yubarāja Schweyer 2003. — ⟨5⟩ viṣṇukīrtti ⬦ viṣṇumūrtti Schweyer 2003.

⟨6-7⟩ śivabhaktātireka • Schweyer does not transliterate any further akṣaras after śiva°.

Translation

Om. Homage to Śiva! ... Y.P.K. Śrī Śrīndra Viṣṇukīrti Vīrabhadravarmadeva ... [who hails from] the capital, man Ṅauk Glauṅ Vijaya. That P.P.K. was the grandson of Y.P.K. Śrī Jaya Siṁhavarmadeva, the grandson of P.P.V. Parameśvarī P.P.K, the nephew of Y.P.K. Śrī Vr̥ṣu Indravarmadeva, of supreme birth among the illustrious lords supreme princes. [He was] milord the heir apparent. Y.P.K. Śrī Śrīndra Viṣṇukīrti Vīrabhadravarmadeva P.P.K., of unsurpassed devotion to Śiva, faithful to the production of dharma, carried out all meritorious gifts (dharma), such as: ... incense ...

Commentary

The iconography of what remains of the sculpture seems somewhat comparable with that seen in the sculpture whose back bears the inscription C. 42 from Drang Lai, which dates to the same period. Another inscription (C. 161) is engraved on the back of the lower part of a broken statue of Śiva. The god’s torso is there not preserved, but what is preserved of the lap of the deity and of his mount is very comparable to the Śiva from Drang Lai, bearing on its back C. 42, and so this piece may be considered to have been a comparable statue of Śiva. Moreover, this fragment of a Śiva was found in the valley Chiêm Sơn near Trà Kiệu.

In other words, we have two contemporary fragments of inscriptions, one engraved on the upper back, the other on the lower back of a sculpture, both of these fragments found in Chiêm Sơn; the one fragment shows the torso of a possible Śiva, the other the lap of a deity sitting on a bull, i.e. almost certainly Śiva. We are very tempted to consider that these two inscriptions, C. 161 and C. 215, originally belonged together as top and bottom. The measurements of the stones would seem to allow this hypothesis, although both fragments have suffered a lot precisely in the place where the pieces would have been joined, so it is hard to get any certainty from measurement, and it is not likely that physically trying to join the two pieces would yield clear confirmation either. We have measured the size of the letters of the two inscriptions, and the result was some dissimilarity in size, so that we remain in doubt about this hypothesis.