Socle at Po Nagar
Editors: Salomé Pichon, Arlo Griffiths.
Identifier: DHARMA_INSCIC00180.
Language: Old Cham.
Repository: Campa (tfc-campa-epigraphy).
Version: (63066aa), last modified (8d5ff0e).
Edition
⟨A1⟩ (<quatrefoil>) | pom̃ pu lyam̃ śrī arddharāja pu cim̃ śrī harijita urām̃ humā virān· manraum̃ para⟨A2⟩(ma)rājaputra pu pom̃ tana rayā inravarmma pu pom̃ ku | ra prakr̥ta anta⟨B1⟩rgr̥ha racitanīryyūha vuḥ pak· yām̃ bhagavatī kauṭhāre[śvarī…Missing from photographsama]⟨B2⟩sta samāpta di amvara-mavara-yama-śaśadhara
Apparatus
⟨A1⟩ (<quatrefoil>) • at the beginning of the inscription, remains are visible of the same quatrefoil liminal sign that we also find, for instance, at the beginning of C. 123. There appears to be sufficient space for a additional sign such as the one that precedes the quatrefoil at the beginning of C. 123, but no trace of it is visible on the photos at our disposal.
⟨B1-B2⟩ kauṭhāre[śvarī…sama]sta samāpta • an indeterminate number of signs is blocked from view on the photo. Our restitution kauṭhāreśvarī is based on the inscriptions C. 30 A3, ll. 2-3 and C. 32, face A, ll. 1 and 2; the restitution samasta is inspired by the instance of the expression samasta samāsta that has been read in C. 22, face A, l. 16, although we must note that, following the EFEO estampage n. 1073, we propose to read there samasta samāpta, as in the present case.
Translation
His majesty the half-king, heir Śrī Harijita, man of Humā Virān Manraum̃, is the greatest son of the king P.P.T.R. Indravarman, my master. He has completed an inner house, built with projections/doors (niryūha), (and) offered it to the venerable Lady of Kauṭhāra. All was accomplished in heaven-heaven-twins-moon (1200 Śaka = 1278/9 C.E.).
Translation into French
Sa majesté le demi-roi, héritier Śrī Harijita, homme de Humā Virān Manraum̃, est le meilleur des fils du roi P.P.T.R. Indravarman, mon maître. Il a achevé une maison intérieure, construite avec saillies/portes (niryūha), (et) l’a offerte à la vénérable Dame de Kauṭhāra. Tout fut accompli en ciel-ciel-jumeaux-lune (1200 Śaka = 1278/9 de n. è.).
Bibliography
A summary of this inscription was presented in Claeys 1931, p. 324. The present edition and translation after Griffiths et al. 2008–2009, p. 464.
Secondary
Claeys, Jean-Yves. 1931. “Chronique - Annam.” BEFEO 31 (1), pp. 319–325. DOI: 10.3406/befeo.1931.4457. [URL]. Page 324.
Schweyer, Anne-Valérie. 2005. “Po Nagar de Nha Trang, seconde partie : Le dossier épigraphique.” Aséanie, Sciences humaines en Asie du Sud-Est 15, pp. 87–119. DOI: 10.3406/asean.2005.1847. [URL]. Page 106.
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<ab>
<lb n="A1"/> <unclear><g type="quatrefoil"/></unclear>
<g type="danda">.</g> pom̃ pu lyam̃ śrī arddharāja pu cim̃ śrī harijita urām̃ humā virān· manraum̃ para
<lb break="no" n="A2"/><unclear>ma</unclear>rājaputra pu pom̃ tana rayā inravarmma pu pom̃ ku <g type="danda">.</g> ra prakr̥ta anta
<lb break="no" n="B1"/>rgr̥ha racitanīryyūha vuḥ pak· yām̃ bhagavatī kauṭhāre<supplied reason="lost">śvarī<gap reason="ellipsis" extent="unknown" unit="character"/><desc>Missing from photograph</desc>sama</supplied><lb break="no" n="B2"/>sta samāpta di amvara-mavara-yama-śaśadhara
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<app loc="A1">
<lem><unclear><g type="quatrefoil"/></unclear></lem>
<note>at the beginning of the inscription, remains are visible of the same quatrefoil liminal sign that we also find, for instance, at the beginning of <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00123.xml">C. 123</ref>. There appears to be sufficient space for a additional sign such as the one that precedes the quatrefoil at the beginning of C. 123, but no trace of it is visible on the photos at our disposal.</note>
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<app loc="B1-B2"><lem>kauṭhāre<supplied reason="lost">śvarī<gap reason="ellipsis" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>sama</supplied>sta samāpta</lem>
<note>an indeterminate number of signs is blocked from view on the photo. Our restitution <foreign>kauṭhāreśvarī</foreign> is based on the inscriptions <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00030A3.xml">C. 30 A3</ref>, ll. 2-3 and <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00032.xml">C. 32</ref>, face A, ll. 1 and 2; the restitution <foreign>samasta</foreign> is inspired by the instance of the expression <foreign>samasta samāsta</foreign> that has been read in <ref target="DHARMA_INSCIC00022.xml">C. 22</ref>, face A, l. 16, although we must note that, following the EFEO estampage n. 1073, we propose to read there <foreign>samasta samāpta</foreign>, as in the present case.</note></app>
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<div type="translation"><ab>His majesty the half-king, heir Śrī Harijita, man of Humā Virān Manraum̃, is the greatest son of the king P.P.T.R. Indravarman, my master. He has completed an inner house, built with projections/doors (<foreign>niryūha</foreign>), (and) offered it to the venerable Lady of Kauṭhāra. All was accomplished in heaven-heaven-twins-moon (1200 Śaka = 1278/9 C.E.).
</ab></div>
<div type="translation" xml:lang="fra"><ab>Sa majesté le demi-roi, héritier Śrī Harijita, homme de Humā Virān Manraum̃, est le meilleur des fils du roi P.P.T.R. Indravarman, mon maître. Il a achevé une maison intérieure, construite avec saillies/portes (<foreign>niryūha</foreign>), (et) l'a offerte à la vénérable Dame de Kauṭhāra. Tout fut accompli en ciel-ciel-jumeaux-lune (1200 Śaka = 1278/9 de n. è.).
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<div type="commentary">
<p><quote>Half-king</quote> is a hyper-literal translation of <foreign>arddharāja</foreign>, a term that we do not find elsewhere in Cam epigraphy, although it is found in contemporary Javanese inscriptions (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Boechari1985-1986_01"/><citedRange unit="page">116 and 165</citedRange></bibl>).</p>
<p>The term <foreign>antargr̥ha</foreign> is attested three times elsewhere, namely in C. 92, face A, ll. 11 and 12. There it indicates an object made of sandalwood weighing 2 <foreign>bhāra</foreign> and 9 <foreign>tul</foreign> (i.e. between 100 and 500 kg in weight following the chosen standard).
This object is decorated with gold and silver. In K. 470, a Khmer inscription dated from 1249 Śaka (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Coedes1937-1966_01"/><citedRange unit="page">188</citedRange></bibl>), one can read <foreign>padmavitāna saṅkū phsam saṁrit nu saṁrap bhāra praṁpvan</foreign><quote>un dais en (argent) blanc et bronze avec accessoires pesant neuf <foreign>bhāra</foreign></quote> (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Soutif2009_03"/><citedRange unit="page">144</citedRange></bibl>).
The fact that inscriptions C. 92 and K. 470 use the measurement <foreign>bhāra</foreign>, the near contemporaneity of the two inscriptions, and the literal meaning of <foreign>antargr̥ha</foreign> suggest that this latter word also refers to a kind of canopy. Concerning this type of construction in Cam monuments, see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Baptiste2005_01"/><citedRange unit="page">111-113</citedRange></bibl>.</p><p><foreign>niryūha</foreign> must be a kind of decorative addition, but the word does not appear elsewhere in the corpus and we are unable to propose a specific identification with certainty.</p></div>
<div type="bibliography"><p>A summary of this inscription was presented in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Claeys1931_01"/><citedRange unit="page">324</citedRange></bibl>. The present edition and translation after <bibl><ptr target="bib:Griffiths+al2008-2009_01"/><citedRange unit="page">464</citedRange></bibl>.</p><listBibl type="primary"><bibl/></listBibl><listBibl type="secondary"><bibl><ptr target="bib:Claeys1931_01"/><citedRange unit="page">324</citedRange></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:Schweyer2005_01"/><citedRange unit="page">106</citedRange></bibl></listBibl></div></body></text>
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Commentary
“Half-king” is a hyper-literal translation of arddharāja, a term that we do not find elsewhere in Cam epigraphy, although it is found in contemporary Javanese inscriptions (Boechari 1985–1986, p. 116 and 165).
The term antargr̥ha is attested three times elsewhere, namely in C. 92, face A, ll. 11 and 12. There it indicates an object made of sandalwood weighing 2 bhāra and 9 tul (i.e. between 100 and 500 kg in weight following the chosen standard). This object is decorated with gold and silver. In K. 470, a Khmer inscription dated from 1249 Śaka (Cœdès 1937–1966, p. 188), one can read padmavitāna saṅkū phsam saṁrit nu saṁrap bhāra praṁpvan“un dais en (argent) blanc et bronze avec accessoires pesant neuf bhāra” (Soutif 2009, p. 144). The fact that inscriptions C. 92 and K. 470 use the measurement bhāra, the near contemporaneity of the two inscriptions, and the literal meaning of antargr̥ha suggest that this latter word also refers to a kind of canopy. Concerning this type of construction in Cam monuments, see Baptiste 2005, pp. 111–113.
niryūha must be a kind of decorative addition, but the word does not appear elsewhere in the corpus and we are unable to propose a specific identification with certainty.