Tirunaḷḷāṟu, Tarppāraṇyēcuvarar temple, time of Rājādhirāja, year 28

Authors of digital edition: G. Vijayavenugopal (vija), Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: ...

Palaeographic description: No distinction between e and ē, nor between o and ō. Medial i and ī interchangeable. Double pp as a conjunct letter.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: Tamil Nadu (varia) (tfa-tamilnadu-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00102.

File path: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00102.xml.

Version: 2026-11-09 18:23 (fbd1441), last modified 2026-09-29 11:10 (5251b7d).

Edition

⟨1⟩ tiṅkaḷ ēr taru ta⟨ṉ⟩ ṟoṅkal veṇ-kuṭai k¡i!(ḻ) nila-makaḷ nilava malar-makaḷ puṇarntu ceṅ-kō-
⟨2⟩ l ōcci-k karuṅ-kali kaṭintu maṉṉu pa¡ll! ūḻiy(i)l teṉ¡n!avar kula-makaṉ mā¡n!āparaṇaṉ poṉ-muṭi Ā¡(n)!ā-
⟨3⟩ -p= parumaṇi-p= pacun-talai porukaḷa-t tarintu v¡i!ra-kēraḷaṉai yāṉai kiṭuvitt’ acaiv¡ī!l cuntara-pāṇṭi(ya)ṉai-
⟨4⟩ -t tikai keṭa-t tōllaiyil mullaiyūr-t turatti Olkalil vēṇāṭṭ’ ar¡ai!cai c¿ē?ṇāṭṭ’ otukki mēvu p[uka]-
⟨5⟩ ḻ Irāmakuṭa m¡u!var keṭa mu¡n!intu vēlai keḻu kāntaḷūr-c-cālai kalam aṟu⟨p⟩pitt’ āho(ma)-
⟨6⟩ llaṉu¡mm! añca-k ke(va/tu)vu(m) taṉ ṟāṅkaru⟨m⟩ paṭaiyāl Āṅkavaṉ cēṉaiyuḷ kaṇṭappayaṉ(u)-
⟨7⟩ m ka⟨⟨ṅ⟩⟩kāt¿i?raṉum vaṇ[ṭ]amaṟ-k kaḷi⟨ṟ⟩ṟoṭu maṭiya-t t¡ī!ṇ-ṭiṟal viki(r)taral vikkiyum vicaiyātitta-
⟨8⟩ ṉum tarumu(ra)ḷ-c c(ā)ṅkamaiyyaṉum mutali¡n!ar samara-[**]ruvott-uṭaiya nimir cuṭar-p po-
⟨9⟩ ṉ¡n!ōṭ’ ayṅkari pu(ra)viyoṭum piṭittu taṉṉāṭaiyil jeyaṅ koṇṭoṉṉār koḷḷippā-
⟨10⟩ kkai Oḷḷe(r)i maṭu(pp)itt’ oru-taṉi taṇṭāl-p (porru) tirai (Uṟtt)[******] [*********]-
⟨11⟩ l muṭi Ar(i)n=tu muṉṟaṉak=k’ uṭain=ta te⟨ṉ⟩ṟamiḻ ⟨ma⟩ṇṭalamuḻutu Ēḻ-(kaṭa)¡l(l)! ī(ḻa)m [pu](kka) Ilaṅkē[ca]¡n!-ā-
⟨12⟩ kiya vikkirama-pāṇṭiyaṉ parumaṇi muṭi taṭi-t tiṇṭiya villavar mīṉavar vē[ḷkula]-c caḷukkiyar va⟨l⟩la-
⟨13⟩ var mutal eṉa (vi)ḷaṅka v¡i!ṟṟ-iru¿t?ta jeyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻaṉ Uyar(n)ta perum-pukaḻ kō-rājakēcari-panma(r-āṉa)
⟨14⟩ Uṭaiyār śrī-rājādhirāja-tēvaṟku yāṇṭu 2 10 8 Āvatu yā [****] t-āvatu Uyakkoṇṭār-vaḷa[nāṭṭu]
⟨15⟩ muḻaiyū[*] ¿p?ra□hmatēyam tiru-naḷḷāṟṟu tiru-naḷḷāṟ-u⟨ṭ⟩aiyār nila mutalu[m] nel mutalum parikalappi(kk)iṉṟa muta(lu)[**]
⟨16⟩ tiru-mē¡n!i muta[lum] [***************] ḷḷi [************] yārkaḷ per[u][**]-
⟨17⟩ ṭ=ṭāl nelluṅ kācuṅ koṇṭu celutta kaṭava niman=tam ti(ru-p)-pēṟūr k(i)ḻava(r) Irun kāṭaṉ vaikun(ta)ṉ pakkal (ko) [*****]

1. Āciriyappā

⟨1⟩ tiṅkaḷ ēr taru ta⟨ṉ⟩ ṟoṅkal veṇ-kuṭai k⟨ī⟩(ḻ)

nila-makaḷ nilava malar-makaḷ puṇarntu

ceṅ-kō⟨2⟩l ōcci-k karuṅ-kali kaṭintu

maṉṉu pa⟨l⟩ ūḻiy(i)l teṉ⟨ṉ⟩avar kula-makaṉ

mā⟨ṉ⟩āparaṇaṉ poṉ-muṭi Ā⟨ṉ⟩ā

⟨3⟩-p= parumaṇi-p= pacun-talai porukaḷa-t tarintu

v⟨ī⟩ra-kēraḷaṉai yāṉai kiṭuvitt’

acaiv⟨i⟩l cuntara-pāṇṭi(ya)ṉai⟨4⟩-t tikai keṭa-t

tōllaiyil mullaiyūr-t turatti Olkalil

vēṇāṭṭ’ ar⟨a⟩cai c⟨ō⟩ṇāṭṭ’ otukki

mēvu p[uka]⟨5⟩ḻ Irāmakuṭa m⟨ū⟩var keṭa mu⟨ṉ⟩intu

vēlai keḻu kāntaḷūr-c-cālai kalam aṟu⟨p⟩pitt’

āho(ma)⟨6⟩llaṉu⟨m⟩ añca-k ke(va/tu)vu(m)

taṉ ṟāṅkaru⟨m⟩ paṭaiyāl Āṅkavaṉ cēṉaiyuḷ

kaṇṭappayaṉ(u)⟨7⟩m ka⟨⟨ṅ⟩⟩kāt⟨a⟩raṉum

vaṇ[ṭ]amaṟ-k kaḷi⟨ṟ⟩ṟoṭu maṭiya-t t⟨i⟩ṇ-ṭiṟal

viki(r)taral vikkiyum vicaiyātitta⟨8⟩ṉum

tarumu(ra)ḷ-c c(ā)ṅkamaiyyaṉum mutali⟨ṉ⟩ar

samara-[2×]ruvott-uṭaiya nimir cuṭar-p

po⟨9⟩ṉ⟨ṉ⟩ōṭ’ ayṅkari pu(ra)viyoṭum piṭittu

taṉṉāṭaiyil jeyaṅ koṇṭoṉṉār

koḷḷippā⟨10⟩kkai Oḷḷe(r)i maṭu(pp)itt’

oru-taṉi taṇṭāl-p (porru) tirai (Uṟtt)[ca. 6×]

[ca. 9×]⟨11⟩l muṭi Ar(i)n=tu

muṉṟaṉak=k’ uṭain=ta te⟨ṉ⟩ṟamiḻ ⟨ma⟩ṇṭala-

muḻutu Ēḻ-(kaṭa)⟨l⟩ ī(ḻa)m

[pu](kka) Ilaṅkē[ca]⟨ṉ⟩-ā⟨12⟩kiya vikkirama-

-pāṇṭiyaṉ parumaṇi muṭi taṭi-t tiṇṭiya

villavar mīṉavar vē[ḷkula]-c caḷukkiyar

va⟨l⟩la⟨13⟩var mutal eṉa (vi)ḷaṅka v⟨ī⟩ṟṟ-iru⟨n⟩ta

jeyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻaṉ Uyar(n)ta perum-pukaḻ

kō-rājakēcari-panma(r-āṉa) ⟨14⟩ Uṭaiyār śrī-rājādhirāja-tēvaṟku yāṇṭu 2 10 8 Āvatu

yā [ca. 4×] t-āvatu Uyakkoṇṭār-vaḷa[nāṭṭu] ⟨15⟩ muḻaiyū[1×] ⟨b⟩ra□hmatēyam tiru-naḷḷāṟṟu tiru-naḷḷāṟ-u⟨ṭ⟩aiyār nila mutalu[m] nel mutalum parikalappi(kk)iṉṟa muta(lu)[ca. 2×] ⟨16⟩ tiru-mē⟨ṉ⟩i muta[lum] [ca. 15×] ḷḷi [ca. 12×] yārkaḷ per[u][ca. 2×]⟨17⟩ṭ=ṭāl nelluṅ kācuṅ koṇṭu celutta kaṭava niman=tam ti(ru-p)-pēṟūr k(i)ḻava(r) Irun kāṭaṉ vaikun(ta)ṉ pakkal (ko) [ca. 5×]

1. Āciriyappā

⟨1⟩ tiṅkaḷ ēr taru ta⟨ṉ⟩ ṟoṅkal veṇ-kuṭai k¡i!⟨ī⟩(ḻ)

nila-makaḷ nilava malar-makaḷ puṇarntu

ceṅ-kō⟨2⟩l ōcci-k karuṅ-kali kaṭintu

maṉṉu pa¡ll!⟨l⟩ ūḻiy(i)l teṉ¡n!⟨ṉ⟩avar kula-makaṉ

mā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩āparaṇaṉ poṉ-muṭi Ā¡(n)!⟨ṉ⟩ā

⟨3⟩-p= parumaṇi-p= pacun-talai porukaḷa-t tarintu

v¡i!⟨ī⟩ra-kēraḷaṉai yāṉai kiṭuvitt’

acaiv¡ī!⟨i⟩l cuntara-pāṇṭi(ya)ṉai⟨4⟩-t tikai keṭa-t

tōllaiyil mullaiyūr-t turatti Olkalil

vēṇāṭṭ’ ar¡ai!⟨a⟩cai c¿ē?⟨ō⟩ṇāṭṭ’ otukki

mēvu p[uka]⟨5⟩ḻ Irāmakuṭa m¡u!⟨ū⟩var keṭa mu¡n!⟨ṉ⟩intu

vēlai keḻu kāntaḷūr-c-cālai kalam aṟu⟨p⟩pitt’

āho(ma)⟨6⟩llaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ añca-k ke(va/tu)vu(m)

taṉ ṟāṅkaru⟨m⟩ paṭaiyāl Āṅkavaṉ cēṉaiyuḷ

kaṇṭappayaṉ(u)⟨7⟩m ka⟨⟨ṅ⟩⟩kāt¿i?⟨a⟩raṉum

vaṇ[ṭ]amaṟ-k kaḷi⟨ṟ⟩ṟoṭu maṭiya-t t¡ī!⟨i⟩ṇ-ṭiṟal

viki(r)taral vikkiyum vicaiyātitta⟨8⟩ṉum

tarumu(ra)ḷ-c c(ā)ṅkamaiyyaṉum mutali¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ar

samara-[2×]ruvott-uṭaiya nimir cuṭar-p

po⟨9⟩ṉ¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ōṭ’ ayṅkari pu(ra)viyoṭum piṭittu

taṉṉāṭaiyil jeyaṅ koṇṭoṉṉār

koḷḷippā⟨10⟩kkai Oḷḷe(r)i maṭu(pp)itt’

oru-taṉi taṇṭāl-p (porru) tirai (Uṟtt)[ca. 6×]

[ca. 9×]⟨11⟩l muṭi Ar(i)n=tu

muṉṟaṉak=k’ uṭain=ta te⟨ṉ⟩ṟamiḻ ⟨ma⟩ṇṭala-

muḻutu Ēḻ-(kaṭa)¡l(l)!⟨l⟩ ī(ḻa)m

[pu](kka) Ilaṅkē[ca]¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-ā⟨12⟩kiya vikkirama-

-pāṇṭiyaṉ parumaṇi muṭi taṭi-t tiṇṭiya

villavar mīṉavar vē[ḷkula]-c caḷukkiyar

va⟨l⟩la⟨13⟩var mutal eṉa (vi)ḷaṅka v¡i!⟨ī⟩ṟṟ-iru¿t?⟨n⟩ta

jeyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻaṉ Uyar(n)ta perum-pukaḻ

kō-rājakēcari-panma(r-āṉa) ⟨14⟩ Uṭaiyār śrī-rājādhirāja-tēvaṟku yāṇṭu 2 10 8 Āvatu

yā [ca. 4×] t-āvatu Uyakkoṇṭār-vaḷa[nāṭṭu] ⟨15⟩ muḻaiyū[1×] ¿p?⟨b⟩ra□hmatēyam tiru-naḷḷāṟṟu tiru-naḷḷāṟ-u⟨ṭ⟩aiyār nila mutalu[m] nel mutalum parikalappi(kk)iṉṟa muta(lu)[ca. 2×] ⟨16⟩ tiru-mē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩i muta[lum] [ca. 15×] ḷḷi [ca. 12×] yārkaḷ per[u][ca. 2×]⟨17⟩ṭ=ṭāl nelluṅ kācuṅ koṇṭu celutta kaṭava niman=tam ti(ru-p)-pēṟūr k(i)ḻava(r) Irun kāṭaṉ vaikun(ta)ṉ pakkal (ko) [ca. 5×]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ ta⟨ṉ⟩ ṟoṅkal ⬦ K&V; tanṟoṅkal VVG.

⟨3⟩ pacun-talai ⬦ K&V; paṭuntalai VVG. — ⟨3⟩ pāṇṭi(ya)ṉai ⬦ pāṇṭiya[3+] K&V; pāṇṭiya[4+] VVG.

⟨4⟩ keṭa-t ⬦ kevat K&V; keṭat VVG. — ⟨4⟩ tōllaiyil ⬦ tollaiyil K&V VVG. — ⟨4⟩ Olkalil ⬦ yolkalil K&V VVG.

⟨5⟩ m¡u!⟨ū⟩var ⬦ muvar K&V; mūvar VVG. — ⟨5⟩ aṟu⟨p⟩pitt’ ⬦ aṟuttaruḷitt’ K&V VVG. — ⟨5⟩ āho(ma)⟨6⟩llaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ añca-k ⬦ āha(va)⟨6⟩llaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ añcak K&V; āhe⟨6⟩mallaṉum mañcak VVG.

⟨6⟩ ke(va/tu)vu(m) ⬦ kevivum K&V; ketuvum VVG • ākava mallaṉum añcak kēvutaṉ is expected for this aṭi. — ⟨6⟩ ṟāṅkaru⟨m⟩ ⬦ ṟāṅkarum K&V VVG.

⟨7⟩ ka⟨⟨ṅ⟩⟩kāt¿i?⟨a⟩raṉum ⬦ ka⟨ṅ⟩kātiraṉum K&V; kaṅkātīraṉum VVG. — ⟨7⟩ vikirtaral ⬦ vikirtarav K&V; vitirtaral VVG.

⟨8⟩ tarumuraḷ-c ⬦ karumuraḷc K&V VVG. — ⟨8⟩ samara-[2×]ruvott-uṭaiya ⬦ samarap(e)ruvottuṭaiya K&V; samaramēru vottuṭaiya VVG • camara pīruvot tuṭaiya nimicuṭar is expected for this aṭi.

⟨9⟩ nimir cuṭar-p ⬦ VVG; viricuṭarp K&V. — ⟨9⟩ ayṅkari ⬦ ayaṅkari K&V VVG.

⟨10⟩ taṇṭāl-p (porru) tirai (Uṟtt)[ca. 15×] ⬦ taṇṭāl [5×] K&V; taṇṭāl [ca. 6×] VVG.

⟨11⟩ l muṭi Ar(i)n=tu ⬦ tu muṭi Aḻin=tu K&V; l muṭi Arintu VVG. — ⟨11⟩ uṭain=ta te⟨ṉ⟩ṟamiḻ ⟨ma⟩ṇṭala ⬦ uṭain=ta ⟨ṉ⟩ṟamiḻ maṇṭala K&V; uṭait teṉṟamiḻ maṇṭala VVG. — ⟨11⟩ muḻutu Ēḻ-(kaṭa)¡l(l)!⟨l⟩ ī(ḻa)m ⬦ muḻuvatu Eḻukaṭal li(ḻa)m K&V; muḻutu Eḻkaṭal līḻam VVG • muḻuvatum iḻantu ēḻkaṭal īḻam is expected for this aṭi. A "+" sign is added on top of the tu of muḻutu, most probably to mark that a cīr is here missing in this aṭi.

⟨12⟩ tiṇṭiya ⬦ tiṉṭiṟa⟨l⟩ K&V; tīṇṭiya VVG. — ⟨12⟩ mīṉavar ⬦ VVG; miṉavar K&V. — ⟨12⟩ vē[ḷkula]-c ⬦ veḷkulac K&V; vēlkulac VVG • villavar mīṉavar vēḷkulac caḷukkiyar is expected for this aṭi. — ⟨12⟩ va⟨l⟩la⟨13⟩var ⬦ valla⟨13⟩var K&V VVG.

⟨13⟩ (vi)ḷaṅka ⬦ K&V VVG • The letter vi appear to have been engraved on the perpendicular side of the pilaster, after mutal eṉa. — ⟨13⟩ v¡i!⟨ī⟩ṟṟ-iru¿t?⟨n⟩ta ⬦ viṟṟirunta K&V; vīṟṟirunta VVG. — ⟨13⟩ Uyar(n)ta ⬦ Uyartta K&V VVG.

⟨14⟩ śrī-rājādhirāja° ⬦ śrī(I)rājādhirāja° K&V; śrīrājātirāja° VVG.

⟨15⟩ muḻaiyū[1×] ⬦ muḻaiyūr nāṭṭu K&V VVG • The final letter is well preserved but enigmatic. muḻaiyūr, that is, muḻaiyūr-nāṭṭu is evidently meant. — ⟨15⟩ ¿p?⟨b⟩ra_hmatēyam ⬦ bramateyam K&V; brahmatēyam VVG. — ⟨15⟩ tiru-naḷḷāṟ-u⟨ṭ⟩aiyār ⬦ tirunaḷḷāṟuṭaiyār K&V VVG. — ⟨15⟩ nila mutalu[m] nel mutalum parikalappi(kk)iṉṟa muta(lu)[ca. 2×] ⬦ nila mutalum [ca. 5×] K&V; nila mutalum nel mutalum parikalappikkiṉṟa mutalu VVG.

⟨16⟩ tiru-mē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩i muta[lum] ⬦ tirumeni mutalum K&V; tirumēni mutalum VVG • Both editions by K&V and VVG stop here.

⟨17⟩ celutta • In the syllable ce it seems that a daṇḍa is written between the kompu and c.

Translation

⟨1–13⟩ [meykkīrtti of Rājādhirāja I Cōḻa]

⟨13–14⟩ 28th year of the glorious king Rājadhirāja, the lord, alias the king Rājakesarivarman.

⟨14–17⟩ […]th year, the capital in land, the capital in paddy, the capital in parikalam, the capital in tirumēṉi of Tirunaḷḷāṟuṭaiyar at Tirunaḷḷāṟu, a brahmadeya of Muḻaiyūr in the Uyyakkoṇṭār-vaḷanāṭu […] with (koṇṭu) the paddy and the coins …

Commentary

For the different versions of the meykkīrtti of Rājādhirāja I Cōḻa, see Cuppiramaṇiyam 1983 (pages 39-45).

Bibliography

First edited in Kuppusamy & Vijayavenugopal 2006 (PI 452). First translated in Kuppusamy & Vijayavenugopal 2010 (PI 452). Re-edited in Vicayavēṇukōpāl 2017 (Tirunaḷḷāṟu 2), with photo.

This edition by G. Vijayavenugopal. Revised and curated by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (N. Ramaswamy, 2016).

Primary

[K&V] Kuppusamy, Bahour S. & G. Vijayavenugopal. 2006. Pondicherry inscriptions. Part I: Introduction and texts with notes = Putuccēri mānilak kalveṭṭukkaḷ. Pondichéry: Ecole française d’Extrême-Orient; Institut français de Pondichéry. Item 452, pages 393–394.

[K] Kuppusamy, Bahour S. & G. Vijayavenugopal. 2010. Pondicherry inscriptions. Part II: Translation, appendices, glossary and phrases, [and] preface = Putuccēri mānilak kalveṭṭukkaḷ. Pondichéry: Ecole française d’Extrême-Orient; Institut français de Pondichéry. Item 452, page 188.

[VVG] Vicayavēṇukōpāl, Kō. 2017. tirunaḷḷāṟu aruḷmikku tarppāraṇyecvarar tirukkōyil kalveṭṭukaḷ. Tirunaḷḷāru: aruḷmikku Tarppāraṇyecvarar tirukkōyil tēvastānam. Item 2, pages 16–17.

Secondary

Cuppiramaṇiyam, Pu. 1983. Meykkīrttikaḷ. Ceṉṉai: ulakat tamilārāycci niruvaṉam. Pages 39–45.

ARIE 1965–66. Annual report on Indian epigraphy for 1965-66. Edited by Govind Swamirao Gai. n.p. Page 86, appendixes B/1965-1966, item 441.

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<change who="part:axja" when="2020-11-03" status="draft">Updating toward the encoding template v03</change>

<change who="part:emfr" when="2020-02-11" status="draft">Creation of the file on the

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<body>

<l n="1"><lb n="1"/>tiṅkaḷ ēr taru ta<supplied reason="omitted">ṉ</supplied> ṟoṅkal veṇ-kuṭai k<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice><unclear>ḻ</unclear></l>

<l n="2">nila-makaḷ nilava malar-makaḷ puṇarntu</l>

<l n="3">ceṅ-kō<lb n="2" break="no"/>l ōcci-k karuṅ-kali kaṭintu</l>

<l n="4">maṉṉu pa<choice><orig>ll</orig><reg>l</reg></choice> ūḻiy<unclear>i</unclear>l teṉ<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>avar kula-makaṉ</l>

<l n="5">mā<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>āparaṇaṉ poṉ-muṭi Ā<choice><orig><unclear>n</unclear></orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>ā</l>

<l n="6"><lb n="3" break="no"/>-p= parumaṇi-p= pacun-talai porukaḷa-t tarintu</l>

<l n="7">v<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>ra-kēraḷaṉai yāṉai kiṭuvitt'</l>

<l n="8">acaiv<choice><orig>ī</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>l cuntara-pāṇṭi<unclear>ya</unclear>ṉai<lb n="4" break="no"/>-t tikai keṭa-t</l>

<l n="9">tōllaiyil mullaiyūr-t turatti Olkalil</l>

<l n="10">vēṇāṭṭ' ar<choice><orig>ai</orig><reg>a</reg></choice>cai c<choice><sic>ē</sic><corr>ō</corr></choice>ṇāṭṭ' otukki</l>

<l n="11">mēvu p<supplied reason="lost">uka</supplied><lb n="5" break="no"/>ḻ Irāmakuṭa m<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>var keṭa mu<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>intu</l>

<l n="12">vēlai keḻu kāntaḷūr-c-cālai kalam aṟu<supplied reason="omitted">p</supplied>pitt'</l>

<l n="13">ā<hi rend="grantha">ho</hi><unclear>ma</unclear><lb n="6" break="no"/>llaṉu<choice><orig>mm</orig><reg>m</reg></choice> añca-k ke<choice><unclear>va</unclear><unclear>tu</unclear></choice>vu<unclear>m</unclear></l>

<l n="14">taṉ ṟāṅkaru<supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied> paṭaiyāl Āṅkavaṉ cēṉaiyuḷ</l>

<l n="15">kaṇṭappayaṉ<unclear>u</unclear><lb n="7" break="no"/>m ka<add place="above">ṅ</add>kāt<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>raṉum</l>

<l n="16">vaṇ<supplied reason="lost">ṭ</supplied>amaṟ-k kaḷi<supplied reason="omitted">ṟ</supplied>ṟoṭu maṭiya-t t<choice><orig>ī</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>ṇ-ṭiṟal</l>

<l n="17">viki<unclear>r</unclear>taral vikkiyum vicaiyātitta<lb n="8" break="no"/>ṉum</l>

<l n="18">tarumu<unclear>ra</unclear>ḷ-c c<unclear>ā</unclear>ṅkamaiyyaṉum mutali<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>ar</l>

<l n="19"><hi rend="grantha">sa</hi>mara-<gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/>ruvott-uṭaiya nimir cuṭar-p</l>

<l n="20">po<lb n="9" break="no"/>ṉ<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>ōṭ' ayṅkari pu<unclear>ra</unclear>viyoṭum piṭittu</l>

<l n="21">taṉṉāṭaiyil <hi rend="grantha">je</hi>yaṅ koṇṭoṉṉār</l>

<l n="22">koḷḷippā<lb n="10" break="no"/>kkai Oḷḷe<unclear>r</unclear>i maṭu<unclear>pp</unclear>itt'</l>

<l n="23">oru-taṉi taṇṭāl-p <unclear>porru</unclear> tirai <unclear>Uṟtt</unclear><gap reason="illegible" quantity="6" unit="character" precision="low"/></l>

<l n="25" enjamb="yes">muṉṟaṉak=k' uṭain=ta te<supplied reason="omitted">ṉ</supplied>ṟamiḻ <supplied reason="omitted">ma</supplied>ṇṭala</l>

<l n="26">muḻutu Ēḻ-<unclear>kaṭa</unclear><choice><orig>l<unclear>l</unclear></orig><reg>l</reg></choice> ī<unclear>ḻa</unclear>m</l>

<l n="27" enjamb="yes"><supplied reason="lost">pu</supplied><unclear>kka</unclear> Ilaṅkē<supplied reason="lost">ca</supplied><choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>-ā<lb n="12" break="no"/>kiya vikkirama</l>

<l n="28">-pāṇṭiyaṉ parumaṇi muṭi taṭi-t tiṇṭiya</l>

<l n="29">villavar mīṉavar vē<supplied reason="lost">ḷkula</supplied>-c caḷukkiyar</l>

<l n="30">va<supplied reason="omitted">l</supplied>la<lb n="13" break="no"/>var mutal eṉa <unclear>vi</unclear>ḷaṅka v<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>ṟṟ-iru<choice><sic>t</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>ta</l>

<l n="31"><hi rend="grantha">je</hi>yaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻaṉ Uyar<unclear>n</unclear>ta perum-pukaḻ</l>

</lg>

<p>

kō-rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>kēcari-pa<hi rend="grantha">nma</hi><unclear>r-āṉa</unclear>

<lb n="14"/>Uṭaiyār <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-rā<hi rend="grantha">jādhi</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>-tēvaṟku yāṇṭu <num value="28">2 <g type="numeral">10</g> 8</num> Āvatu

</p>

<p>

yā <gap reason="illegible" quantity="4" unit="character" precision="low"/> t-āvatu Uyakkoṇṭār-vaḷa<supplied reason="lost">nāṭṭu</supplied>

<lb n="15"/>muḻaiyū<gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/> <hi rend="grantha"><choice><sic>p</sic><corr>b</corr></choice>ra<space type="defect"/>hma</hi>tēyam tiru-naḷḷāṟṟu tiru-naḷḷāṟ-u<supplied reason="omitted">ṭ</supplied>aiyār nila mutalu<supplied reason="lost">m</supplied> nel mutalum parikalappi<unclear>kk</unclear>iṉṟa muta<unclear>lu</unclear><gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character" precision="low"/>

<lb n="16"/>tiru-mē<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>i muta<supplied reason="lost">lum</supplied> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="15" unit="character" precision="low"/> ḷḷi <gap reason="illegible" quantity="12" unit="character" precision="low"/> yārkaḷ per<supplied reason="lost">u</supplied><gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character" precision="low"/>

<lb n="17" break="no"/>ṭ=ṭāl nelluṅ kācuṅ koṇṭu celutta kaṭava niman=tam ti<unclear>ru-p</unclear>-pēṟūr k<unclear>i</unclear>ḻava<unclear>r</unclear> Irun kāṭaṉ vaikun<unclear>ta</unclear>ṉ pakkal <unclear>ko</unclear> <gap reason="illegible" quantity="5" unit="character" precision="low"/>

</p>

</div>

<!--<app loc="0">

</app>-->

<lem>ta<supplied reason="omitted">ṉ</supplied> ṟoṅkal</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">tanṟoṅkal</rdg>

</app>

<lem>pacun-talai</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">paṭuntalai</rdg>

</app>

<lem>pāṇṭi<unclear>ya</unclear>ṉai</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">pāṇṭiya<gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/></rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">pāṇṭiya<gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character"/></rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">kevat</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">keṭat</rdg>

</app>

<lem>tōllaiyil</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">tollaiyil</rdg>

</app>

<lem>Olkalil</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">yolkalil</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">muvar</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">mūvar</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">aṟuttaruḷitt'</rdg>

</app>

<lem>ā<hi rend="grantha">ho</hi><unclear>ma</unclear><lb n="6" break="no"/>llaṉu<choice><orig>mm</orig><reg>m</reg></choice> añca-k</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">ā<hi rend="grantha">ha</hi><unclear>va</unclear><lb n="6" break="no"/>llaṉu<choice><orig>mm</orig><reg>m</reg></choice> añcak</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">ā<hi rend="grantha">he</hi><lb n="6" break="no"/>mallaṉum mañcak</rdg> </app>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">kevivum</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">ketuvum</rdg>

<note><foreign>ākava mallaṉum añcak kēvutaṉ</foreign> is expected for this <foreign>aṭi</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>ṟāṅkaru<supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">ṟāṅkarum</rdg>

</app>

<lem>ka<add place="above">ṅ</add>kāt<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>raṉum</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">ka<supplied reason="omitted">ṅ</supplied>kātiraṉum</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">kaṅkātīraṉum</rdg>

</app>

<lem>vikirtaral</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">vikirtarav</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">vitirtaral</rdg>

</app>

<lem>tarumuraḷ-c</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">karumuraḷc</rdg>

</app>

<lem><hi rend="grantha">sa</hi>mara-<gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character"/>ruvott-uṭaiya</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01"><hi rend="grantha">sa</hi>marap<unclear>e</unclear>ruvottuṭaiya</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01"><hi rend="grantha">sa</hi>maramēru vottuṭaiya</rdg>

<note><foreign>camara pīruvot tuṭaiya nimicuṭar</foreign> is expected for this <foreign>aṭi</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>nimir cuṭar-p</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">viricuṭarp</rdg>

</app>

<lem>ayṅkari</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">ayaṅkari</rdg>

</app>

<lem>taṇṭāl-p <unclear>porru</unclear> tirai <unclear>Uṟtt</unclear><gap reason="illegible" quantity="15" unit="character" precision="low"/></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">taṇṭāl <gap reason="illegible" quantity="5" unit="character"/></rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">taṇṭāl <gap reason="illegible" quantity="6" unit="character" precision="low"/></rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">l muṭi Arintu</rdg>

</app>

<lem>uṭain=ta te<supplied reason="omitted">ṉ</supplied>ṟamiḻ <supplied reason="omitted">ma</supplied>ṇṭala</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">uṭain=ta <supplied reason="omitted">ṉ</supplied>ṟamiḻ maṇṭala</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">uṭait teṉṟamiḻ maṇṭala</rdg>

</app>

<lem>muḻutu Ēḻ-<unclear>kaṭa</unclear><choice><orig>l<unclear>l</unclear></orig><reg>l</reg></choice> ī<unclear>ḻa</unclear>m</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">muḻuvatu Eḻukaṭal li<unclear>ḻa</unclear>m</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">muḻutu Eḻkaṭal līḻam</rdg>

<note><foreign>muḻuvatum iḻantu ēḻkaṭal īḻam</foreign> is expected for this <foreign>aṭi</foreign>. A "+" sign is added on top of the <foreign>tu</foreign> of <foreign>muḻutu</foreign>, most probably to mark that a <foreign>cīr</foreign> is here missing in this <foreign>aṭi</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>tiṇṭiya</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">tiṉṭiṟa<supplied reason="omitted">l</supplied></rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">tīṇṭiya</rdg>

</app>

<lem>mīṉavar</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">miṉavar</rdg>

</app>

<lem>vē<supplied reason="lost">ḷkula</supplied>-c</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">veḷkulac</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">vēlkulac</rdg>

<note><foreign>villavar mīṉavar vēḷkulac caḷukkiyar</foreign> is expected for this <foreign>aṭi</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">valla<lb n="13" break="no"/>var</rdg>

</app>

<lem><unclear>vi</unclear>ḷaṅka</lem>

<note>The letter <foreign>vi</foreign> appear to have been engraved on the perpendicular side of the pilaster, after <foreign>mutal eṉa</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">viṟṟirunta</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">vīṟṟirunta</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">Uyartta</rdg>

</app>

<lem><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-rā<hi rend="grantha">jādhi</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>°</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01"><hi rend="grantha">śrī<unclear>I</unclear></hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">jādhi</hi>rā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>°</rdg>

</app>

<lem>muḻaiyū<gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">muḻaiyūr nāṭṭu</rdg>

<note>The final letter is well preserved but enigmatic. <foreign>muḻaiyūr</foreign>, that is, <foreign>muḻaiyūr-nāṭṭu</foreign> is evidently meant.</note>

</app>

<lem><hi rend="grantha"><choice><sic>p</sic><corr>b</corr></choice>ra<space/>hma</hi>tēyam</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01"><hi rend="grantha">bra</hi>mateyam</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01"><hi rend="grantha">brahma</hi>tēyam</rdg>

</app>

<lem>tiru-naḷḷāṟ-u<supplied reason="omitted">ṭ</supplied>aiyār</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01 bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">tirunaḷḷāṟuṭaiyār</rdg>

</app>

<lem>nila mutalu<supplied reason="lost">m</supplied> nel mutalum parikalappi<unclear>kk</unclear>iṉṟa muta<unclear>lu</unclear><gap reason="illegible" quantity="2" unit="character" precision="low"/></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">nila mutalum <gap reason="illegible" quantity="5" unit="character" precision="low"/></rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">nila mutalum nel mutalum parikalappikkiṉṟa mutalu</rdg>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01">tirumeni mutalum</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01">tirumēni mutalum</rdg>

<note>Both editions by <ptr target="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01"/> and <ptr target="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01"/> stop here.</note>

</app>

<lem>celutta</lem>

<note>In the syllable <foreign>ce</foreign> it seems that a <foreign>daṇḍa</foreign> is written between the <foreign>kompu</foreign> and <foreign>c</foreign>.</note>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

[<foreign>meykkīrtti</foreign> of Rājādhirāja I Cōḻa]

</p>

28th year of the glorious king Rājadhirāja, the lord, alias the king Rājakesarivarman.

</p>

<gap reason="lost"/>th year, the capital in land, the capital in paddy, the capital in <foreign>parikalam</foreign>, the capital in <foreign>tirumēṉi</foreign> of Tirunaḷḷāṟuṭaiyar at Tirunaḷḷāṟu, a <foreign>brahmadeya</foreign> of Muḻaiyūr in the Uyyakkoṇṭār-vaḷanāṭu <gap reason="illegible"/> with <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>koṇṭu</foreign></supplied> the paddy and the coins <gap reason="ellipsis"/>

</p>

</div>

<p>For the different versions of the <foreign>meykkīrtti</foreign> of Rājādhirāja I Cōḻa, see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Cuppiramaniyam1983_01"/> </bibl> (pages 39-45).</p>

</div>

<p>

First edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Kuppusamy+Vijayavenugopal2006_01"/></bibl> (PI 452).

First translated in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Kuppusamy+al2010_01"/></bibl> (PI 452).

Re-edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Vijayavenugopal2017_01"/></bibl> (Tirunaḷḷāṟu 2), with photo.

</p>

<p>This edition by G. Vijayavenugopal. Revised and curated by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (N. Ramaswamy, 2016).</p>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>

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central shrine, south wall

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