# Tirunaḷḷāṟu, Tarppāraṇyēcuvarar temple, time of Rājādhirāja, year 28 G. Vijayavenugopal and Emmanuel Francis Authors of digital edition: G. Vijayavenugopal, Emmanuel Francis Identifier: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00102 Repository: Tamil Nadu (varia) (tfa-tamilnadu-epigraphy) File path: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00102.xml Language: Tamil [Grantha, Tamil] Commit: 2026-11-09 18:23 (fbd1441), last modified 2026-09-29 11:10 (5251b7d) ## Summary ... ## Palaeographic description No distinction between e and ē, nor between o and ō. Medial i and ī interchangeable. Double pp as a conjunct letter. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ## Edition 1. Āciriyappā ⟨1⟩ tiṅkaḷ ēr taru ta⟨ṉ⟩ ṟoṅkal veṇ-kuṭai k¡i!⟨ī⟩(ḻ) nila-makaḷ nilava malar-makaḷ puṇarntu ceṅ-kō⟨2⟩l ōcci-k karuṅ-kali kaṭintu maṉṉu pa¡ll!⟨l⟩ ūḻiy(i)l teṉ¡n!⟨ṉ⟩avar kula-makaṉ mā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩āparaṇaṉ poṉ-muṭi Ā¡(n)!⟨ṉ⟩ā ⟨3⟩-p= parumaṇi-p= pacun-talai porukaḷa-t tarintu v¡i!⟨ī⟩ra-kēraḷaṉai yāṉai kiṭuvitt’ acaiv¡ī!⟨i⟩l cuntara-pāṇṭi(ya)ṉai⟨4⟩-t tikai keṭa-t tōllaiyil mullaiyūr-t turatti Olkalil vēṇāṭṭ’ ar¡ai!⟨a⟩cai c¿ē?⟨ō⟩ṇāṭṭ’ otukki mēvu p[uka]⟨5⟩ḻ Irāmakuṭa m¡u!⟨ū⟩var keṭa mu¡n!⟨ṉ⟩intu vēlai keḻu kāntaḷūr-c-cālai kalam aṟu⟨p⟩pitt’ āho(ma)⟨6⟩llaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ añca-k ke(va/tu)vu(m) taṉ ṟāṅkaru⟨m⟩ paṭaiyāl Āṅkavaṉ cēṉaiyuḷ kaṇṭappayaṉ(u)⟨7⟩m ka⟨⟨ṅ⟩⟩kāt¿i?⟨a⟩raṉum vaṇ[ṭ]amaṟ-k kaḷi⟨ṟ⟩ṟoṭu maṭiya-t t¡ī!⟨i⟩ṇ-ṭiṟal viki(r)taral vikkiyum vicaiyātitta⟨8⟩ṉum tarumu(ra)ḷ-c c(ā)ṅkamaiyyaṉum mutali¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ar samara-[2×]ruvott-uṭaiya nimir cuṭar-p po⟨9⟩ṉ¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ōṭ’ ayṅkari pu(ra)viyoṭum piṭittu taṉṉāṭaiyil jeyaṅ koṇṭoṉṉār koḷḷippā⟨10⟩kkai Oḷḷe(r)i maṭu(pp)itt’ oru-taṉi taṇṭāl-p (porru) tirai (Uṟtt)[ca. 6×] [ca. 9×]⟨11⟩l muṭi Ar(i)n=tu muṉṟaṉak=k’ uṭain=ta te⟨ṉ⟩ṟamiḻ ⟨ma⟩ṇṭala- muḻutu Ēḻ-(kaṭa)¡l(l)!⟨l⟩ ī(ḻa)m [pu](kka) Ilaṅkē[ca]¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-ā⟨12⟩kiya vikkirama- -pāṇṭiyaṉ parumaṇi muṭi taṭi-t tiṇṭiya villavar mīṉavar vē[ḷkula]-c caḷukkiyar va⟨l⟩la⟨13⟩var mutal eṉa (vi)ḷaṅka v¡i!⟨ī⟩ṟṟ-iru¿t?⟨n⟩ta jeyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻaṉ Uyar(n)ta perum-pukaḻ kō-rājakēcari-panma(r-āṉa) ⟨14⟩ Uṭaiyār śrī-rājādhirāja-tēvaṟku yāṇṭu 2 10 8 Āvatu yā [ca. 4×] t-āvatu Uyakkoṇṭār-vaḷa[nāṭṭu] ⟨15⟩ muḻaiyū[1×] ¿p?⟨b⟩ra□hmatēyam tiru-naḷḷāṟṟu tiru-naḷḷāṟ-u⟨ṭ⟩aiyār nila mutalu[m] nel mutalum parikalappi(kk)iṉṟa muta(lu)[ca. 2×] ⟨16⟩ tiru-mē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩i muta[lum] [ca. 15×] ḷḷi [ca. 12×] yārkaḷ per[u][ca. 2×]⟨17⟩ṭ=ṭāl nelluṅ kācuṅ koṇṭu celutta kaṭava niman=tam ti(ru-p)-pēṟūr k(i)ḻava(r) Irun kāṭaṉ vaikun(ta)ṉ pakkal (ko) [ca. 5×] ## Apparatus ⟨1⟩ ta⟨ṉ⟩ ṟoṅkal ⬦ K&V; tanṟoṅkal VVG. ⟨3⟩ pacun-talai ⬦ K&V; paṭuntalai VVG. — ⟨3⟩ pāṇṭi(ya)ṉai ⬦ pāṇṭiya[3+] K&V; pāṇṭiya[4+] VVG. ⟨4⟩ keṭa-t ⬦ kevat K&V; keṭat VVG. — ⟨4⟩ tōllaiyil ⬦ tollaiyil K&V VVG. — ⟨4⟩ Olkalil ⬦ yolkalil K&V VVG. ⟨5⟩ m¡u!⟨ū⟩var ⬦ muvar K&V; mūvar VVG. — ⟨5⟩ aṟu⟨p⟩pitt’ ⬦ aṟuttaruḷitt’ K&V VVG. — ⟨5⟩ āho(ma)⟨6⟩llaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ añca-k ⬦ āha(va)⟨6⟩llaṉu¡mm!⟨m⟩ añcak K&V; āhe⟨6⟩mallaṉum mañcak VVG. ⟨6⟩ ke(va/tu)vu(m) ⬦ kevivum K&V; ketuvum VVG • ākava mallaṉum añcak kēvutaṉ is expected for this aṭi. — ⟨6⟩ ṟāṅkaru⟨m⟩ ⬦ ṟāṅkarum K&V VVG. ⟨7⟩ ka⟨⟨ṅ⟩⟩kāt¿i?⟨a⟩raṉum ⬦ ka⟨ṅ⟩kātiraṉum K&V; kaṅkātīraṉum VVG. — ⟨7⟩ vikirtaral ⬦ vikirtarav K&V; vitirtaral VVG. ⟨8⟩ tarumuraḷ-c ⬦ karumuraḷc K&V VVG. — ⟨8⟩ samara-[2×]ruvott-uṭaiya ⬦ samarap(e)ruvottuṭaiya K&V; samaramēru vottuṭaiya VVG • camara pīruvot tuṭaiya nimicuṭar is expected for this aṭi. ⟨9⟩ nimir cuṭar-p ⬦ VVG; viricuṭarp K&V. — ⟨9⟩ ayṅkari ⬦ ayaṅkari K&V VVG. ⟨10⟩ taṇṭāl-p (porru) tirai (Uṟtt)[ca. 15×] ⬦ taṇṭāl [5×] K&V; taṇṭāl [ca. 6×] VVG. ⟨11⟩ l muṭi Ar(i)n=tu ⬦ tu muṭi Aḻin=tu K&V; l muṭi Arintu VVG. — ⟨11⟩ uṭain=ta te⟨ṉ⟩ṟamiḻ ⟨ma⟩ṇṭala ⬦ uṭain=ta ⟨ṉ⟩ṟamiḻ maṇṭala K&V; uṭait teṉṟamiḻ maṇṭala VVG. — ⟨11⟩ muḻutu Ēḻ-(kaṭa)¡l(l)!⟨l⟩ ī(ḻa)m ⬦ muḻuvatu Eḻukaṭal li(ḻa)m K&V; muḻutu Eḻkaṭal līḻam VVG • muḻuvatum iḻantu ēḻkaṭal īḻam is expected for this aṭi. A "+" sign is added on top of the tu of muḻutu, most probably to mark that a cīr is here missing in this aṭi. ⟨12⟩ tiṇṭiya ⬦ tiṉṭiṟa⟨l⟩ K&V; tīṇṭiya VVG. — ⟨12⟩ mīṉavar ⬦ VVG; miṉavar K&V. — ⟨12⟩ vē[ḷkula]-c ⬦ veḷkulac K&V; vēlkulac VVG • villavar mīṉavar vēḷkulac caḷukkiyar is expected for this aṭi. — ⟨12⟩ va⟨l⟩la⟨13⟩var ⬦ valla⟨13⟩var K&V VVG. ⟨13⟩ (vi)ḷaṅka ⬦ K&V VVG • The letter vi appear to have been engraved on the perpendicular side of the pilaster, after mutal eṉa. — ⟨13⟩ v¡i!⟨ī⟩ṟṟ-iru¿t?⟨n⟩ta ⬦ viṟṟirunta K&V; vīṟṟirunta VVG. — ⟨13⟩ Uyar(n)ta ⬦ Uyartta K&V VVG. ⟨14⟩ śrī-rājādhirāja° ⬦ śrī(I)rājādhirāja° K&V; śrīrājātirāja° VVG. ⟨15⟩ muḻaiyū[1×] ⬦ muḻaiyūr nāṭṭu K&V VVG • The final letter is well preserved but enigmatic. muḻaiyūr, that is, muḻaiyūr-nāṭṭu is evidently meant. — ⟨15⟩ ¿p?⟨b⟩ra_hmatēyam ⬦ bramateyam K&V; brahmatēyam VVG. — ⟨15⟩ tiru-naḷḷāṟ-u⟨ṭ⟩aiyār ⬦ tirunaḷḷāṟuṭaiyār K&V VVG. — ⟨15⟩ nila mutalu[m] nel mutalum parikalappi(kk)iṉṟa muta(lu)[ca. 2×] ⬦ nila mutalum [ca. 5×] K&V; nila mutalum nel mutalum parikalappikkiṉṟa mutalu VVG. ⟨16⟩ tiru-mē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩i muta[lum] ⬦ tirumeni mutalum K&V; tirumēni mutalum VVG • Both editions by K&V and VVG stop here. ⟨17⟩ celutta • In the syllable ce it seems that a daṇḍa is written between the kompu and c. ## Translation ⟨1–13⟩ [meykkīrtti of Rājādhirāja I Cōḻa] ⟨13–14⟩ 28th year of the glorious king Rājadhirāja, the lord, alias the king Rājakesarivarman. ⟨14–17⟩ […]th year, the capital in land, the capital in paddy, the capital in parikalam, the capital in tirumēṉi of Tirunaḷḷāṟuṭaiyar at Tirunaḷḷāṟu, a brahmadeya of Muḻaiyūr in the Uyyakkoṇṭār-vaḷanāṭu […] with (koṇṭu) the paddy and the coins … ## Commentary For the different versions of the meykkīrtti of Rājādhirāja I Cōḻa, see Cuppiramaṇiyam 1983 (pages 39-45). ## Bibliography First edited in Kuppusamy & Vijayavenugopal 2006 (PI 452). First translated in Kuppusamy & Vijayavenugopal 2010 (PI 452). Re-edited in Vicayavēṇukōpāl 2017 (Tirunaḷḷāṟu 2), with photo. This edition by G. Vijayavenugopal. Revised and curated by Emmanuel Francis, based on photos (N. Ramaswamy, 2016). ### Primary [K&V] Kuppusamy, Bahour S. & G. Vijayavenugopal. 2006. Pondicherry inscriptions. Part I: Introduction and texts with notes = Putuccēri mānilak kalveṭṭukkaḷ. Pondichéry: Ecole française d’Extrême-Orient; Institut français de Pondichéry. Item 452, pages 393–394. [K] Kuppusamy, Bahour S. & G. Vijayavenugopal. 2010. Pondicherry inscriptions. Part II: Translation, appendices, glossary and phrases, [and] preface = Putuccēri mānilak kalveṭṭukkaḷ. Pondichéry: Ecole française d’Extrême-Orient; Institut français de Pondichéry. Item 452, page 188. [VVG] Vicayavēṇukōpāl, Kō. 2017. tirunaḷḷāṟu aruḷmikku tarppāraṇyecvarar tirukkōyil kalveṭṭukaḷ. Tirunaḷḷāru: aruḷmikku Tarppāraṇyecvarar tirukkōyil tēvastānam. Item 2, pages 16–17. ### Secondary Cuppiramaṇiyam, Pu. 1983. Meykkīrttikaḷ. Ceṉṉai: ulakat tamilārāycci niruvaṉam. Pages 39–45. ARIE 1965–66. Annual report on Indian epigraphy for 1965-66. Edited by Govind Swamirao Gai. n.p. Page 86, appendixes B/1965-1966, item 441.