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· <title>Charter of Gilikan, ca. 925 CE</title>
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· <resp>author of digital edition</resp>
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10 <forename>Arlo</forename>
· <surname>Griffiths</surname>
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· <authority>DHARMA</authority>
· <pubPlace>Paris, Jakarta</pubPlace>
· <idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSIDENKGilikan</idno>
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20 <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
· <p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View, California, 94041, USA.</p>
· <p>Copyright © 2019-2025 by Arlo Griffiths.</p>
· </licence>
· </availability>
25 <date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
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30 <repository>DHARMAbase</repository>
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· <summary></summary>
35
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· <p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).</p>
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·<p part="F"><pb n="1r"/><lb n="1r1"/>lumpaṁ muAṁ sajiniṁ manusuk· vḍihan·niṁ kulumpaṁ ragi <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="4">4</num> mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="4">4</num> vaduṁ <num value="1">1</num> rimbas· <num value="1">1</num> tarataraḥ <num value="1">1</num> tampilan· <num value="2">2</num> liṅgis· <num value="4">4</num> laṇḍuk· <num value="1">1</num> vaṁkyul·
·<lb n="1r2"/><num value="1">l</num> kris· <num value="1">1</num> kurumbhāgi <num value="1">1</num> gulumi <num value="1">1</num> na<choice><sic>l</sic><corr>kh</corr></choice>achaida <num value="1">1</num> tahas· <num value="1">1</num> buri <num value="1">1</num> padamaran· <num value="1">1</num> saragi pagaṅanan· <num value="1">1</num> vras· pada <num value="1">1</num> vsi Ikət· <num value="10">10</num> vḍus· prāṇa <num value="1">1</num>
·<lb n="1r3"/>pasiliḥ <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> Argha <num value="4">4</num> vras hinantruAn· <num value="5">5</num> manuṅgal· sukat· vsi Urā <num value="10">10</num> sovaṁ, hayam· <num value="4">4</num> hantrīṇi <num value="4">4</num> gandha dhūpa puspākṣata nāhan· muṅg<supplied reason="omitted">v</supplied>a
70<lb n="1r4"/>I tṅaḥniṁ pasabhān· muAṁ saṁ hyaṁ brahmā caturasrakuṇḍa vinoṁ savidhividhāna dadi lumkas saṁ vahuta hyaṁ kudur· manapathai Inaṁs<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ə</corr></choice>:An· vḍihan· ragi
·<lb n="1r5"/><abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> hinaR̥pakən· samgat· luA pu guṇottama, muAṁ <supplied reason="omitted">sa</supplied>mgat· pamasaran· pu bandyā, muAṁ vahuta patiḥ rāma I gilikan· muAṁ rāma tpi
·<lb n="1r6"/>siriṁ, mamaṁnirar· panapathai mamantiṁṅakan· hantlū muAṁ manətək· hayam·, <choice><sic>Andaḥ tita</sic><corr>Indaḥ kita</corr></choice> hyaṁ basundharā basundharī hyaṁ pr̥thivī kita ginavai rahyaṁta rumuhun·
·<lb n="1r7"/>hyaṁ nāgarājā <seg rend="check">L̥tərta</seg>, kadi tguḥ saṁ hyaṁ gu<space type="descender"/>ṇuṁ tahan· hana Umulaḥ-Ulaḥ sira maṅkana tguhanikeṁ lmaḥ savaḥ puṇya śrī maharāja sīmā bha<lb break="no" n="1r8"/>ṭāra Iṁ glam·, yan· hana puA Umulaḥ-Ulaḥ ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> patī ta hyaṁ pr̥thivī, te patəṅgəĀkna ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> te paka<space type="descender"/>rākna ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> te patuAddakna ya, te
·<lb n="1r9"/>patunasakna ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> te paśeṣākna ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> pəpədda<choice><sic>t</sic><corr>k</corr></choice>en· vkasa<choice><sic>t</sic><corr>k</corr></choice>ən· havu kerir·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> yan· hana UAṁ Anyāya luməbura Ikanaṁ savaḥ puṇya I bhaṭāra Iṁ
75<lb n="1r10"/>glam· ndaḥ kita hyaṁ kulumpaṁ kita Inandəlakən· sinusukakən· kahanānniṁ gaṇa bhūta banaspati hyaṁ padudutan·, hyaṁ pakəṅgəṅan·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> At thana ta
·<lb n="1r11"/>kita kabaiḥ tilu mahə:mmaṁ hiR̥ṁ hulu taḍahak<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ə</corr></choice>n· taliṅa paṅR̥ṅə: ta An· sinusukan· vuṅkal· Ikaiṁ lmaḥ s<choice><sic>ə</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ma bhaṭāra Iṁ glam· kabiku<lb break="no" n="1r12"/>An· I gilikan·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> yan· ha<space type="descender"/>na puA Umulaḥ-Ulaḥ ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> patī ta hyaṁ gaṇa bhūta pisāca te paśeṣākna ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> te patuAddakna ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> te patu<lb break="no" n="1r13"/>nassakna ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> te pakarākna ya<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> pəpəddakən· vkassakən· havu kerir·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> yan· hana UAṁ Anyāya lumvura Ikeṁ savaḥ sīma bhaṭāra I glam·
·<lb n="1r14"/>, Indaḥ kita kamuṁ hyaṁ hayam· tuliḥ-Uliḥ ta kavuĪttanyu vulu piliḥ sarano lumirit· turaḥniṁ hlaṁ, han·tlū ko tan· kaguli<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied>
·<lb n="1r15"/>tətəs· ko tan· vūkan·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> luməṅai ko riṁ tgal·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> tan· samvər· koṁṅ uluṁṅ-uluṁ<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> tan· sikap· koṁṅ alap-alap·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> luməṅai ko riṁ L̥suṁ
·<pb n="1v"/>
80<lb n="1v1"/>tan· katibān· halu tan· palu koṁṅ anutu, Apan· ko dinai paṁrāha sĭma kulumpaṁ pasək· lagi-lagi sumpaḥ L̥məḥ palar· matyanna ya UAṁ
·<lb n="1v2"/>Anyāya lumvura sīma bhaṭāra Iṁ glam·, tasmāt· kabuAttaknanya kady āṅgānnikanaṁ hayam mati tan· pasaṅkān mati tan· pavuĪttan· huvus ma<lb break="no" n="1v3"/>maṅan· maṅinum· maṅkana hamṅānnanikanaṁ UAṁ Anyāya lumvura Ikeṁ sīma bhaṭāra Iṁ glam·</p> <p>Indaḥ kita hyaṁ baprakeśvara brahmā viṣṇu
·<lb n="1v4"/>mahādeva śaśi kṣiti jala pavana hutāśana yajamāna kālamr̥tyu gaṇa bhūta sa<choice><sic>d</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>dhyādv<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>ya Ahorātra yama baruṇa kuvaira bāsava yakṣa
·<lb n="1v5"/>rākṣasa pisāca rāma devatā<surplus>,</surplus>sura garuḍa gandharvva kinnara vidyādhara devaputra na<space type="descender"/>ndĭśvara mahākāla nāgarājā vināyaka<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> kita tuvi
·<lb n="1v6"/>sakvaiḥ ta devata prasiddha rumakṣaṁ kaḍatvan· śrī mahārāja I mataram·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> kita Umasukki hatiniṅ uAṁ kabaiḥ tan· kavnaṁ tinahin·tyan· ha<lb break="no" n="1v7"/>na UAṁ Anyāya lumvura sīma bhaṭāra Iṁ glam· savaḥ tampaḥ <num value="2">2</num> ḍuḍuk· hatinya sbit· vtaṁnya rantan· Usūsnya Uḍulakən· pahuṁnya vtu<lb break="no" n="1v8"/>Ākən· ḍalammannya, tampyal· I viraṅan· Uvahi I tṅannan·<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> yan· para Iṁṅ alas· paṅananniṁ moṁ patu<space type="descender"/>kənniṁṅ ulā ya, pulira<lb break="no" n="1v9"/>knaniṁ devama<space type="descender"/>nyuḥ<supplied reason="subaudible">,</supplied> yan· para ya Iṁ tgal· Alapanniṁ glap· ya paṅananniṁ vuĪl· si pamuṅuAn· sampalanniṁ rākṣasa,</p> <p>Andaḥ kamuṁ ku<lb break="no" n="1v10"/>sika gargga metrī kurūṣya pātāñjala, suvuk· lor· kidul·, kuluAn· vetan·<unclear>,</unclear> buAṁṅakən· kamuṁ hyaṁ kabaiḥ tibākən· Iṁ
85<lb n="1v11"/>mahāsamudra, klammakən· Iṁ ḍavuhan· Alapan· hyaṁ I dalam· Air· dudutt<unclear>ə</unclear>n·ni<unclear>ṁ</unclear> tuviran· matya Ikeṁ UAṁ Anyāya lumvura sīma
·<lb n="1v12"/>bhaṭāra Iṁ glam· kabiku<space type="descender"/>An· I gilikan· Upadravā Iṁ devata tan· tmuA sama bhra<space type="descender"/>ṣṭā liputənni phīra, mu<space type="descender"/>liha
·<lb n="1v13"/>Iṁ nāraka Iṁ mahārorava yan· hana UAṁ Anyāya lumvura Ikaiṁ sīma bhaṭā<space type="descender"/>ra I<unclear>ṁ</unclear> glam·,</p> <p>nāhan· maṁmaṁ saṁ makudur· Ar· panapa<lb break="no" n="1v14"/>thai I haR̥pan· saṁ vahuta patiḥ muAṁ I haR̥pan· saṁ A<space type="descender"/>nak vanuA, tlas· saṁ makudur· manapathai Umaṅsə: saṁ vahuta patiḥ mu<lb break="no" n="1v15"/>Aṁ rāmanta raiṇanta muAṁ rāma tpi siriṁ kabaiḥ manamvaḥ I saṁ hyaṁ vuṅkal·, muAṁ kulumpaṁ, masapatha sira Iṁ sabhā <choice><sic>lī</sic><corr>liṁ</corr></choice>nira, ndaḥ kita
·<pb n="2r"/>
·<lb n="2r1"/>saṁ hyaṁ susuk jāva tāku magavaya pāpa muAṁ Anyăya lumvura sīma bhaṭāra Iṁ glam· savaḥ tampaḥ <num value="2">2</num> sakvaiḥni puṇyaṅku pataniṅku sāla
90<lb n="2r2"/>kamŭlānku Ityevamādi tan paphalā bhaṭāra maṅkana tkā I vkaṅku vetku puyutku bhaṭāra<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> maṅkana pratijñā saṅ vahuta pa<lb break="no" n="2r3"/>tiḥ I haR̥pan· saṁ hyaṁ kulumpaṁ muAṁ saṁ hyaṁ vuṅkal· sīma, muAṁ I haR̥pan· saṁ hyaṁ brahmā<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied></p> <p>Umilu I susukan· sīma patiḥ I gili<lb break="no" n="2r4"/>kan· si jaluk· vinaiḥ pasək-pasək· mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> vḍ<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>i</corr></choice>han· ragi <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num><supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> patiḥ vaduAn· si Abhī vinaiḥ kain· vlah· <num value="1">1</num><supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> tuṅgū duruṁ si cum<lb break="no" n="2r5"/>ban· rāmani ḍunak· vinaiḥ mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num><supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> tuṅgū duruṅ anakvi si ḍunak· kain· vlaḥ <num value="1">1</num><supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> rāma I gilikan· hulu ron· si dhara<lb break="no" n="2r6"/>nī ramani jaluk·, rāma matuha si panu ramani bo, vinkas· si vidya ramani kəbəḥ<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> kapuA vinaiḥ mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr>
·<lb n="2r7"/><num value="1">1</num> sovaṁ-sovaṁ, vinkas· Anakvi si ḍmit· vinaiḥ ken· vlaḥ <num value="1">1</num><supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> gusti I gilikan· si kaṇḍuṁ sinrahan· vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> hlai <num value="1">1</num><supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> tuha
·<lb n="2r8"/>banuA si kamvul· ramani balusuk·<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> parujar si mamvaṁ ramani raja, muvaḥ gusti si gaiṣṭa ramani luṅgat·<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> muvaḥ gusti si tə<lb break="no" n="2r9"/>vik· ramani danes·<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> kapuA vinaiḥ mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> sovaṁ-sovaṁ<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> tuha vəR̥ḥ si dana ramani komvolok·, variga
·<lb n="2r10"/>si priṁ, muvaḥ variga si tokeṁ, papasuk i saṁ mavanuA si mandon· ramani kutaṁ, muvaḥ variga si dayā ramani kuṇḍu, kapu<lb break="no" n="2r11"/>A vinaiḥ mas· <abbr>ku</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> vḍihan· hlai <num value="1">1</num> sovaṁ-sovaṁ, rāma maratā si hunur·, kaki vrut· si kiruḥ ramani kəL̥m vuAi, si tamvir·
·<lb n="2r12"/>ramani mjit·<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> si glo<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> si kadik·, si kintyā<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> si bobol·, si duruṁ<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> si kamo, si vṅal·, si guvinda, si puṇḍiṁ, si don·, si taṅgan·,
95<lb n="2r13"/>si dhana, si daivoḥ, si masya, si bayī, samaṅkana Ikanaṁ milu manaḍaḥ juga, tan kna riṁ pasək-pasək· <g type="punctuation" ref="sym:doubleBar">.</g></p> <p>rāma tpi siriṁ I kinvu kali<lb break="no" n="2r14"/>ma si bulu ramani prabhu, rāma ri Amvilan· kalaṁ si bhavita ramani tumvu, parujar si karṇna, rāma I lintakan· si kiraṇa ramani rupī, rāma I pamra<lb break="no" n="2r15"/>tan· gusti si ḍaṁ huAn· ramani ḍaluṁ, marhyaṁ I gilikan· si gurumət· ramani ḍaluṁ<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> hulair I gilikan· si kalaḍi ramani kamvaṁ, rāma I
·<lb n="2r16"/>paraṁ tuha kalaṁ si nava ramani ḍaṇu, rāma I kasugihan· tuha banuA si dr̥ṣṭi ramani vlahan·, kapuA vinaiḥ pasək-pasək· mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> vḍi<lb break="no" n="2r17"/>han· ragi <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> sovaṁ-sovaṁ, madāṁ si goṇḍoṁ ramani sañjaya, mavuAi si sadyā, Atari si ṭapu A<supplied reason="omitted">na</supplied>g vanuA I tamviṁ vatək ta<pb n="2v" break="no"/><lb break="no" n="2v1"/>laṁ, variga, I ḍaṇu si tuluk· ramani rivut·<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> kapuA vinaiḥ pasək-pasək· pirak· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> vḍihan· hlai <num value="1">1</num> sovaṁ-sovaṁ, maṅla <abbr>samgat·</abbr>
·<lb n="2v2"/>pamasaran· vinaiḥ vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num><supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> tuha paḍahi si keñjur· ramani baciṁ Anak· vanuA I kasugihan·<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> muvaḥ tuha paḍahi si vanuA
·<lb n="2v3"/>ramani br̥kut· Anak· vanuA I turu maṅamvil·, vidu si lakṣaṇa<supplied reason="omitted">,</supplied> kapuA vinaiḥ mas· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="2">2</num> vḍihan· <abbr>yu</abbr> <num value="1">1</num> sovaṁ<lb break="no" n="2v4"/>-sovaṁ <g ref="sym:doubleBar"/> <g ref="sym:circle"/> <g ref="sym:doubleBar"/></p>
·</div>
100<div type="apparatus">
·<listApp>
·<app loc="1r1">
·<lem>tampilan· <num value="2">2</num></lem>
·<rdg source="bib:Brandes1913_01">tampilan· <num value="4">4</num></rdg>
105</app>
·
·
·
·
110
·<app loc="1r2">
·<lem>na<choice><sic>l</sic><corr>kh</corr></choice>achaida</lem>
·<rdg source="bib:Brandes1913_01">nala<unclear>yai</unclear>da</rdg>
·</app>
115<app loc="1r2">
·<lem>tahas·</lem>
·<rdg source="bib:Brandes1913_01">tahap·</rdg>
·</app>
·<app loc="1r2">
120<lem>vsi Ikət· <num value="10">10</num></lem>
·<rdg source="bib:Brandes1913_01">vsi Ikət· 1</rdg>
·<note>There is an ambiguity here as to whether the 0 is to be read as such or as punctuation. But we require 10, as the item <foreign>vsi Ikət·</foreign> is counted 5 in the <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKTaji.xml">Taji</ref> charter and 10 in the <ref target="DHARMA_INSIDENKTaragal.xml">Taragal</ref> charter. Perhaps Brandes' indication <q>10 (of 1.)</q> was misplaed in line 3 after <foreign>vsi Urā</foreign> instead of here.</note>
·</app>
·<app loc="1r3">
125<lem>muṅg<supplied reason="omitted">v</supplied>a</lem>
·<rdg source="bib:Brandes1913_01">muṅgu</rdg>
·<note>Interference from the <foreign>ulu</foreign> of <foreign>ragi</foreign> at the end of the next line has caused the engraver to omit the pasangan <foreign>v</foreign> here.</note></app>
·<app loc="1r4">
·<lem>Inaṁs<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ə</corr></choice>:An·</lem>
130<rdg source="bib:Brandes1913_01">InaṁsiAn·</rdg>
·<note>Brandes ignores the length mark whose presence reveals that <foreign>si</foreign> must be an error for <foreign>sə</foreign>.</note>
·</app>
·<app loc="1r9">
·<lem>vkasa<choice><sic>t</sic><corr>k</corr></choice>ən·</lem>
135<rdg source="bib:Brandes1913_01">vkasakən·</rdg>
·</app>
·<app loc="1v1">
·<lem>L̥məḥ</lem>
·<rdg source="bib:Brandes1913_01">L̥maḥ</rdg>
140</app>
·
·
·
·
145
·
·
·
·
150
·
·
·
·
155
·</listApp>
·</div>
·<div type="translation">
·
160
·
·
·</div>
·<div type="commentary">
165<p>The charter is not intact. The two plates that have been found are the final plates of the original set but bear no plate numbers. The start of the text, suspected to contain the date and name of the issuing king, is lost. However, some elements of the contents and its palaeographic aspect suggest that it is an issue of King Daksa's reign, ca. 925 CE (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1970_01"/><citedRange unit="page">53</citedRange></bibl>).</p>
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170
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175 <p>Plate 2 first deciphered by Holle (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Holle1880_02"/></bibl>); both plates deciphered by Brandes (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Brandes1913_01"/></bibl>); the latter edition reproduced by Sarkar (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Sarkar1971-1972_01"/></bibl>). The text of plate 1 is re-edited here from photos; since no photos of plate 2 are available, the text furnished here is based on a comparison of Holle's and Brandes' readings; on several minor points I have had to guess the real spelling of the text on the plate. The text is translated here for the first time.</p>
· <listBibl type="primary">
· <bibl n="H"><ptr target="bib:Holle1880_02"/><citedRange unit="page">2-3</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl n="B"><ptr target="bib:Brandes1913_01"/><citedRange unit="item">CII-CIII</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">231-234</citedRange></bibl>
· </listBibl>
180 <listBibl type="secondary">
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Damais1970_01"/><citedRange unit="page">53</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">14, 15</citedRange></bibl>
· <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sarkar1971-1972_01"/><citedRange unit="volume">II</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">CIV-CV</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">269-274</citedRange></bibl>
· </listBibl>
· </div>
185 </body>
· </text>
·</TEI>
Commentary
The charter is not intact. The two plates that have been found are the final plates of the original set but bear no plate numbers. The start of the text, suspected to contain the date and name of the issuing king, is lost. However, some elements of the contents and its palaeographic aspect suggest that it is an issue of King Daksa’s reign, ca. 925 CE (Damais 1970, p. 53).