Square slab from site 29 at Nagarjunakonda — reign of Ābhīra Vasuṣеṇa, year 20

Editors: Arlo Griffiths, Vincent Tournier.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSEIAD00065.

Hand description:

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Early Andhra (tfb-eiad-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-05-06 06:25 (a154659), last modified 2025-04-21 01:54 (72e3163).

siddham· ||~ ⟨1⟩ namo bhagavato devaparamadevasya purāṇapuruṣasya nārāyaṇasya rajñā vāseṣṭhīputrasya Ābhīrasya vasuṣеṇasya sa[ṁ]vatsara (20)vāpā 4 ⟨2⟩ divase 1mahāgrāmikena mahātalavar(e)na mahādaṇḍanāyakana kauśikasagotrena peribiḍehāṇaṁ śivasebenaṁ saṁjayapur(ī)to yo rājābhi ⟨3⟩ Āvantakena śakena rudradāmena vānavāsakena ca viṣṇurudraśivalānanda(s)[ā](ta)karṇṇinā sthā(n)āto pi na cālito Eṣa bha(ga)vāṁ ruṁbarabh(a)vo Āṣṭaṁjasvāmi ⟨4⟩ se(ḍa)girīya sthapito parv(v)atasya ca prākāro cināpito vāpi ca mahāna(ṁ)dā sodhitā taḍāgāni ca 2seḍagiriyaṁ muḍerāya ca khāṇitāni talavaṇāni 7 ⟨5⟩ ropitāni yo ca brāhmaṇārtthe mitr(ār)tthe ca prāṇapi na parikṣati guṇataś ca

I. Upajāti

sar(vv)ātithi sa(rvva)sakha (k)r̥tajñaḥ

satyavrata śatrugajavamadri

rujur vvaṭanyāsanapr(e)māti⟨6⟩vā

yo ⟨dhā⟩(r)mika sādh[u]⟨⟨ja⟩⟩nābhinaṁdi ~

ruṣideśaś cāsya seṁbakavardhamāna (b)[.][1×] bharad(v)ājasago(tr)[e]ṇa Amātyena tiṣyasarm(e)ṇa <symbol>bhagavac[cha]k(ty)āḥ kr̥ta(ṁ) svasti govrāt(e)bhyaḥ <symbol>

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ siddham· || – ⬦ sīddhaṁ || Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; siddhaṁ || Sarma 1970; si(ddha)ṁ Salomon 2013. — ⟨1⟩ rajñā ⬦ rajño Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013; rājñe Sarma 1970 • Emend rājño. — ⟨1⟩ sa[ṁ]vatsara Sircar [1963] 1961–1962 ⬦ saṁvatsara Sarma 1970; savatsara Salomon 2013. — ⟨1⟩ (20) Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Salomon2013 ⬦ (30) Sircar [1963] 1961–1962. — ⟨1⟩ vāpā • We expect here vāpa. — ⟨1⟩ 4 ⬦ 7 Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; 6 Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Salomon2013.

⟨2⟩ divase ⬦ (d)ivasa Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; divasa Sarma 1970. — ⟨2⟩ mahādaṇḍanāyakana Sircar [1963] 1961–1962 ⬦ mahādaṇḍanāyak(e)na Sarma 1970; mahāda(ṁ)ḍanāyakana Salomon 2013 • Understand mahādaṇḍanāyakena. — ⟨2⟩ pеribiḍеhāṇaṁ Sarma 1970 ⬦ pеribiḍеhāṇāṁ Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013. — ⟨2⟩ śivasеbеnaṁ Salomon 2013 ⬦ śivasеbеna Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; śivasеbеna Sarma 1970. — ⟨2⟩ saṁjayapur(ī)to Salomon 2013 ⬦ saṁjayapur(ī)ṇa Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; saṁjayapurīto Sarma 1970. — ⟨2⟩ yо rāj(ā)bhi Salomon 2013 ⬦ yоrājibhi Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; yоrājibhiḥ Sarma 1970. — ⟨2⟩ sthā(n)ātо pi ⬦ (s)th(ā)nāto pi Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013; sthānātо pi Sarma 1970 • Sircar suggests emending to sthānato. One could alternatively read sthā⟦nā⟧topi, which could be emended to sthāpito. — ⟨2⟩ Āṣṭaṁjasvāmi • There is a sign below the ṣṭa, as if to insert it. As noted by Sircar, however, it does not have the shape of a bhu, but of a ṭa. Nevertheless, it seems that one has to emend Aṣṭabhujasvāmi (Salomon 2013, p. 398).

⟨3⟩ (s)[ā]([ta])karṇṇinā ⬦ (sāta)karṇṇinā Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013; satakarṇṇinā Sarma 1970. — ⟨3⟩ ruṁbarabh(a)vo • The foot of the bha has an uncommon curl that makes it look like a bhu. But we suppose that bhava was intended. On the identification of ruṁbara with uḍumbara, see Salomon 2013, pp. 416–7.

⟨4⟩ sе(ḍa)giriya ⬦ (sеḍa)giriya Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013; sedagirīyaṁ Sarma 1970. — ⟨4⟩ sthapito ⬦ sthāpito Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Sircarl; sth(ā)pito Salomon 2013. — ⟨4⟩ cināpitо ⬦ citāpitо Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013. — ⟨4⟩ sеḍagiriyaṁ ⬦ śеḍagiriyaṁ Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013; sedagirīyaṁ Sarma 1970. — ⟨4⟩ talavaṇāni 7 ⬦ talavaṇāni ca Sircarl eiad-bibl:Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Salomon2013 • That the number 7 is intended is made clear by the comparison with EIAD 20, l. 3: sata 7.

⟨5⟩ prāṇapi _ na parikṣati ⬦ prāṇa⟨m a⟩pi na pari⟨tya⟩kṣati Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; prāṇapi na parīkṣati Sarma 1970; prāṇ⟨ān⟩ api na par(ī)kṣati Salomon 2013. — ⟨5⟩ sar(vv)ātithi sa(rvva)sakha (k)r̥tajñaḥ ⬦ (sa)rvvātithi⟨ḥ⟩ sa(rvva)sakha⟨ḥ⟩ kr̥tajñaḥ Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; sarvvātithi⟨ḥ⟩ sarvvasakha⟨ḥ⟩ kr̥tajñaḥ Sarma 1970; sarvvātithi (sarvvasakha) kr̥tajñaḥ Salomon 2013 • Emend sarvvasakhā kr̥tajñaḥ. — ⟨5⟩ śatrugajavamadri ⬦ śatruga(ṇā)vamardri Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; śatrugaṇāvamardī Sarma 1970; śatrugaṇāvamardr(ī) Salomon 2013 • Sircar emends -rdī. We accept this, and emend śatrugajāvamardī. — ⟨5⟩ rujur • Understand R̥jur, with Sircar. — ⟨5⟩ vvaṭanyāsana- ⬦ (vvaṭa)nyāsana- Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013; vvatanyāsata Sarma 1970.

⟨5–6⟩ -pr(e)mātivā yo ⟨dhā⟩(r)mika ⬦ pr(e)mani(ṣṭho) yo ⟨dhā⟩rmika⟨ḥ⟩ Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; pr(e)mani(ṣṭho) yo ⟨dhā⟩rmika⟨ḥ⟩ Sarma 1970; pramāni(ta) yo ⟨dhā⟩rmika Salomon 2013 • As noted by Sircar, the syllable pre does not make position. Although the reading pr(e)mātivā is fairly secure, it is unmetrical. We are unable at present to suggest a convincing emendation, and thus tentatively follow the reading — or rather: silent emendation — of Sircar.

⟨6⟩ sādh[u]⟨⟨ja⟩⟩nābhinaṁdi – ⬦ sādhujanābhinaṁdi |⟨|⟩ Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; svajanābhinaṅdi Sarma 1970; s(ā)dhujanābhinaṁd(ī) Salomon 2013. — ⟨6⟩ r(u)ṣide(ś)aś cāsya ⬦ Ul(еkha)gaś cās(y)a Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; R̥ṣideśaścasya Sarma 1970; (Ulеkha)gaś cās(y)a Salomon 2013 • It is tempting to emend kr̥ṣide(ś)aś. — ⟨6⟩ -vardhamāna (b)[.][1×] ⬦ -vardhamāna(kо) Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013; -vardhamāna 47 Sarma 1970. — ⟨6⟩ tiṣyasarm(е)ṇa ⬦ tiṣyasaṁmеṇa Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; tiṣyaśarmеṇa Sarma 1970; tiṣya(saṁmе)ṇa Salomon 2013 • The e is barely visible, while the repha is curiously executed. — ⟨6⟩ bhagavac(cha)k(ty)āḥ ⬦ bhagava(cchakty)āḥ Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; bhagavatcḥaktyāḥ Sarma 1970; bhagava(dbhakty)āḥ Salomon 2013 • Sircar rightly suggests emending -cchaktyā. — ⟨6⟩ gоvrāt(е)bhyaḥ ⬦ gоvrāt(еbh)yaḥ Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; gоbrāhmaṇebhyaḥ Sarma 1970; gо⟨brā⟩hmaṇ⟨e⟩bhyaḥ • Sircar notes that “the intended reading may be gоbrāhmaṇebhyaḥ”. We are inclined to accept the reading as it is, or to understand gоvratеbhyaḥ, as our translation implies.

Translation

(1–2) Success! Homage to the Bhagavant, Nārāyaṇa, the highest god among the gods, the primeval man (purāṇapuruṣa). In the 20th year of the king Vāsiṣṭhīputra Vasuṣeṇa, the Ābhīra, in the 4th fortnight of the rainy season, on the 1st day.

(3–5) The Great Village-chief (mahāgrāmika), Great Talavara, Great Commander (daṇḍanāyaka) Śivaseba, of the Peribeḍehas and belonging to the Kauśikagotra, who was not removed from (his) very position, (i.e.) from Saṁjayapurī, by (other) kings (such as) the Śaka Rudradāman from Avanta and Viṣṇurudraśivalānanda-Sātakarṇi from Vanavāsa, established this Bhagavant Aṣṭabhujasvāmin made from uḍumbara wood in Seṭagiri, and caused the enclosure of the mountain to be embellished, and had the well (vāpi) Mahānandā cleared, and had 2 tanks excavated in Seṭagiri and in Muḍerā, (and) had seven groves of Palmyra trees planted.

(5) Who for the sake of Brahmins and for the sake of friends considers not even (his) life and by (his) virtue

I

(is) a host to all, is a companion to all, is grateful, is devoted to truth, is the killer of the elephants of his enemies, is upright, is devoted to his love for planting fig trees (?), is righteous and rejoices among good people.

(6) R̥ṣideśa (is in ?) his Sеmbaka-estate. Made by the minister Tiṣyaśarman of the Bharadvājagotra by the power of the Bhagavant. Success to those who practice the cattle vow!

Commentary

(2) saṁjayapurī¹

(5–6) ²

(6) govrāta³

Bibliography

First described and edited by Sircar [1963] 1961–1962; edited again by Sarma 1970 and Salomon 2013. Re-edited here from available documentation and after autopsy of the stone.

Secondary

No name. N.d. Indian Archaeology: a review. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India. Pages 1958–59: 8.

Mukherjee, Bratindra Nath. 1959. “On a Nagarjunikonda inscription.” IHQ 35, pp. 139–150.

No name. 1887–. Annual report on Indian epigraphy. Madras; Calcutta; New Delhi: Government of Madras; Archaeological Survey of India. Pages 1959–60: B.81.

Suryavanshi, Bhagwan Singh. 1962. The Abhiras: their history and culture. M.S. University Archaeology & Ancient History Series 6. Baroda: Faculty of Arts, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. [URL]. Pages 101–2.

Srinivasan, P. R. and S. Sankaranarayanan. 1979. Inscriptions of the Ikshvāku period. Epigraphical Series 14. Hyderabad: Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. Page no. Ābhīras 2.

Raghunath, K. 2001. The Ikṣvākus of Vijayapuri: A study of the Nagarjunakonda inscriptions. Delhi: Eastern Book Linkers. Pages 163–4 (no. 47).

Soundara Rajan, K. V. 2006. Nagarjunakonda (1954–60), volume II: The historical period. Memoirs of the archaeological survey of India 75. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India. Page 225.

Notes

1. This might be identified with Vijayapurī.
2. The stanza as it stands is very much altered. Taking into consideration the intended meter a reconstructed, standardised, version of the stanza would read as follows: sarvātithis sarvasakhā kr̥tajñaḥ satyavrataś śatrugajāvamardī | r̥jur vaṭanyāsanapremaniṣṭho yо dhārmikas sādhujanābhinandī ||.
3. This may either be an allusion to the Ābhīras as a dynasty of cowherds (see Suryavanshi 1962), or to a Śaiva ascetic practice involving the vow of imitating a bull (see Acharya 2013).

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Data source: 'iksvaku-inscriptions/metadata/EIAD-inventory.xlsx'

- - - - - - - - -

[1] Inventory no. EIAD: 65

[2] Raghunath no.: 47

[3] Srinivasan & Sankaranarayanan no.: Ābhīras 2

[4] Tsukamoto no.: —

[5] Lüders no.:

[6] Support : square slab, granite, with rectangular hole

[7] (Faces:) Lines: 6

[8] H: 97+

[9] W: 100

[10] D: 11

[11] H: 39+

[12] W: 100

[13] Language(s): Sanskrit

[14] Original locality: Nagarjunakonda Site-29

[15] Present locality: NM 80

[16] Primary bibliography: Sircar 1961-62a. — Sarma 1970. — Salomon 2013.

[17] Secondary bibliography: IAR 1958-59: 8. — Mukherjee 1959. — ARIE 1959-60: B.81. — Raghunath 2001: 163-4 (47). — Soundara Rajan 2006: 225.

[18] Visual documentation: Sircar; Sarma (figs. 1-2); Srinivasan & Sankaranarayanan, pl. 9; Raghunath.

[19] Substance of inscription: Aṣṭabhujasvāmin inscr. of Ābhīra Vasuṣena

[20] Remarks:

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unit="character"/>vāpi ca <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>mahāna<unclear>ṁ</unclear>dā <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>sodhitā <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>taḍāgāni ca <num value="2">2</num>seḍagiriyaṁ <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>muḍerāya ca <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>khāṇitāni talavaṇāni <num value="7">7</num><lb n="5"/>ropitāni <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>yo ca <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>brāhmaṇārtthe <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>mitr<unclear>ār</unclear>tthe ca <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>prāṇapi <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>na parikṣati <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>guṇataś ca <space quantity="1" unit="character"/></ab><lg met="upajāti" n="1"><l n="a">sar<unclear>vv</unclear>ātithi sa<unclear>rvva</unclear>sakha <unclear>k</unclear>r̥tajñaḥ </l><l n="b">satyavrata śatrugajavamadri </l><l n="c">rujur vvaṭanyāsanapr<unclear>e</unclear>māti<lb n="6" break="no"/>vā </l><l n="d">yo <supplied reason="omitted">dhā</supplied><unclear>r</unclear>mika sādh<supplied reason="lost">u</supplied><add place="above">ja</add>nābhinaṁdi <g type="dash">.</g></l></lg><ab>ruṣideśaś cāsya seṁbakavardhamāna <unclear>b</unclear><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/> <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>bharad<unclear>v</unclear>ājasago<unclear>tr</unclear><supplied reason="lost">e</supplied>ṇa <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>Amātyena <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>tiṣyasarm<unclear>e</unclear>ṇa <g>•</g>bhagavac<supplied reason="lost">cha</supplied>k<unclear>ty</unclear>āḥ <space quantity="1" unit="character"/>kr̥ta<unclear>ṁ</unclear> svasti govrāt<unclear>e</unclear>bhyaḥ <g>|</g></ab></div><div type="apparatus"><listApp><app loc="1"><lem>siddham· || –</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">sīddhaṁ ||</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">siddhaṁ ||</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">si<unclear>ddha</unclear>ṁ</rdg></app><app loc="1"><lem>rajñā</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013">rajño</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">rājñe</rdg><note>Emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">rājño</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="1"><lem source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">sa<supplied reason="lost">ṁ</supplied>vatsara</lem><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">saṁvatsara</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">savatsara</rdg></app><app loc="1"><lem source="bib:Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Salomon2013"><unclear>20</unclear></lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02"><unclear>30</unclear></rdg></app><app loc="1"><lem>vāpā</lem><note>We expect here <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">vāpa</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="1"><lem>4</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">7</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Salomon2013">6</rdg></app><app loc="2"><lem>divase</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02"><unclear>d</unclear>ivasa</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">divasa</rdg></app><app loc="2"><lem source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">mahādaṇḍanāyakana</lem><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">mahādaṇḍanāyak<unclear>e</unclear>na</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">mahāda<unclear>ṁ</unclear>ḍanāyakana</rdg><note>Understand <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">mahādaṇḍanāyakena</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="2"><lem source="bib:Sarma1970_01">pеribiḍеhāṇaṁ</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013">pеribiḍеhāṇāṁ</rdg></app><app loc="2"><lem source="bib:Salomon2013_01">śivasеbеnaṁ</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">śivasеbеna</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">śivasеbеna</rdg></app><app loc="2"><lem source="bib:Salomon2013_01">saṁjayapur<unclear>ī</unclear>to</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">saṁjayapur<unclear>ī</unclear>ṇa</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">saṁjayapurīto</rdg></app><app loc="2"><lem source="bib:Salomon2013_01">yо rāj<unclear>ā</unclear>bhi</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">yоrājibhi</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">yоrājibhiḥ</rdg></app><app loc="2"><lem>sthā<unclear>n</unclear>ātо pi</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013"><unclear>s</unclear>th<unclear>ā</unclear>nāto

pi</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">sthānātо pi</rdg><note>Sircar suggests emending to <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sthānato</foreign>. One

could alternatively read <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sthā<del rend="erasure">nā</del>topi</foreign>, which could be

emended to <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sthāpito</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="2"><lem>Āṣṭaṁjasvāmi</lem><note> There is a sign below the <foreign>ṣṭa</foreign>, as if to insert it. As noted by

Sircar, however, it does not have the shape of a <foreign>bhu</foreign>, but of a <foreign>ṭa</foreign>. Nevertheless, it seems that one has to emend <foreign>Aṣṭabhujasvāmi</foreign> (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Salomon2013_01"/>: <citedRange>398</citedRange></bibl>).</note></app><app loc="3"><lem><unclear>s</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ā</supplied><unclear>[ta]</unclear>karṇṇinā</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013"><unclear>sāta</unclear>karṇṇinā</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">satakarṇṇinā</rdg></app><app loc="3"><lem>ruṁbarabh<unclear>a</unclear>vo</lem><note>The foot of the <foreign>bha</foreign>

has an uncommon curl that makes it look like a <foreign>bhu</foreign>. But we suppose

that <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">bhava</foreign>

was intended. On the identification of <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">ruṁbara</foreign> with

<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">uḍumbara</foreign>,

see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Salomon2013_01"/>:

<citedRange>416–7</citedRange></bibl>.</note></app><app loc="4"><lem>sе<unclear>ḍa</unclear>giriya</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013"><unclear>sеḍa</unclear>giriya</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">sedagirīyaṁ</rdg></app><app loc="4"><lem>sthapito</lem><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Sircarl">sthāpito</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">sth<unclear>ā</unclear>pito</rdg></app><app loc="4"><lem>cināpitо</lem><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013">citāpitо</rdg></app><app loc="4"><lem>sеḍagiriyaṁ</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013">śеḍagiriyaṁ</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">sedagirīyaṁ</rdg></app><app loc="4"><lem>talavaṇāni 7</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Sarma1970 eiad-bibl:Salomon2013">talavaṇāni ca</rdg><note>That the number 7 is intended is made clear by the comparison with EIAD

<ref target="DHARMA_INSEIAD00020.xml">20</ref>, l. 3: <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sata 7</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="5"><lem>prāṇapi <space quantity="1" unit="character"/> na parikṣati</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">prāṇa<supplied reason="omitted">m a</supplied>pi na

pari<supplied reason="omitted">tya</supplied>kṣati</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">prāṇapi na parīkṣati</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">prāṇ<supplied reason="omitted">ān</supplied> api na

par<unclear>ī</unclear>kṣati</rdg></app><app loc="5"><lem>sar<unclear>vv</unclear>ātithi

sa<unclear>rvva</unclear>sakha

<unclear>k</unclear>r̥tajñaḥ</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02"><unclear>sa</unclear>rvvātithi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied>

sa<unclear>rvva</unclear>sakha<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> kr̥tajñaḥ</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">sarvvātithi<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied>

sarvvasakha<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied> kr̥tajñaḥ</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">sarvvātithi

<unclear>sarvvasakha</unclear> kr̥tajñaḥ</rdg><note>Emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sarvvasakhā kr̥tajñaḥ</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="5"><lem>śatrugajavamadri</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">śatruga<unclear>ṇā</unclear>vamardri</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">śatrugaṇāvamardī</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">śatrugaṇāvamardr<unclear>ī</unclear></rdg><note>Sircar emends <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-rdī</foreign>. We accept this, and emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">śatrugajāvamardī</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="5"><lem>rujur</lem><note>Understand <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">R̥jur</foreign>, with Sircar. </note></app><app loc="5"><lem>vvaṭanyāsana-</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013"><unclear>vvaṭa</unclear>nyāsana-</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">vvatanyāsata</rdg></app><app loc="5–6"><lem>-pr<unclear>e</unclear>mātivā yo <supplied reason="omitted">dhā</supplied><unclear>r</unclear>mika</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">pr<unclear>e</unclear>mani<unclear>ṣṭho</unclear>

yo <supplied reason="omitted">dhā</supplied>rmika<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">pr<unclear>e</unclear>mani<unclear>ṣṭho</unclear>

yo <supplied reason="omitted">dhā</supplied>rmika<supplied reason="omitted">ḥ</supplied></rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">pramāni<unclear>ta</unclear>

yo <supplied reason="omitted">dhā</supplied>rmika</rdg><note>As noted by Sircar, the syllable <foreign>pre</foreign> does not make

position. Although the reading <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">pr<unclear>e</unclear>mātivā</foreign> is fairly secure, it is unmetrical. We are unable at present to suggest a convincing emendation, and thus tentatively follow the reading — or rather: silent emendation — of Sircar.</note></app><app loc="6"><lem>sādh<supplied reason="lost">u</supplied><add place="above">ja</add>nābhinaṁdi –</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">sādhujanābhinaṁdi |<supplied reason="omitted">|</supplied></rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">svajanābhinaṅdi</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">s<unclear>ā</unclear>dhujanābhinaṁd<unclear>ī</unclear></rdg></app><app loc="6"><lem>r<unclear>u</unclear>ṣide<unclear>ś</unclear>aś cāsya</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">Ul<unclear>еkha</unclear>gaś cās<unclear>y</unclear>a</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">R̥ṣideśaścasya</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01"><unclear>Ulеkha</unclear>gaś cās<unclear>y</unclear>a</rdg><note>It is tempting to emend <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">kr̥ṣide<unclear>ś</unclear>aś</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="6"><lem>-vardhamāna <unclear>b</unclear><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="character"/></lem><rdg source="bib:Sircarl eiad-bibl:Salomon2013">-vardhamāna<unclear>kо</unclear></rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">-vardhamāna 47</rdg><!--<note>Check the possibility that the first symbol is

indeed a number.</note>--></app><app loc="6"><lem>tiṣyasarm<unclear>е</unclear>ṇa</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">tiṣyasaṁmеṇa</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">tiṣyaśarmеṇa</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">tiṣya<unclear>saṁmе</unclear>ṇa</rdg><note>The <foreign>e</foreign> is barely

visible, while the repha is curiously

executed.</note></app><app loc="6"><lem>bhagavac<unclear>cha</unclear>k<unclear>ty</unclear>āḥ</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">bhagava<unclear>cchakty</unclear>āḥ</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">bhagavatcḥaktyāḥ</rdg><rdg source="bib:Salomon2013_01">bhagava<unclear>dbhakty</unclear>āḥ</rdg><note>Sircar rightly suggests emending <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">-cchaktyā</foreign>.</note></app><app loc="6"><lem>gоvrāt<unclear>е</unclear>bhyaḥ</lem><rdg source="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02">gоvrāt<unclear>еbh</unclear>yaḥ</rdg><rdg source="bib:Sarma1970_01">gоbrāhmaṇebhyaḥ</rdg><rdg>gо<supplied reason="omitted">brā</supplied>hmaṇ<supplied reason="omitted">e</supplied>bhyaḥ</rdg><note>Sircar notes that <quote>the intended reading may be <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">gоbrāhmaṇebhyaḥ</foreign></quote>. We are inclined to accept the reading as it is, or to understand <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">gоvratеbhyaḥ</foreign>, as our translation implies.</note></app></listApp></div><div type="translation"><p n="1–2">Success! Homage to the Bhagavant, Nārāyaṇa, the highest god

among the gods, the primeval man (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">purāṇapuruṣa</foreign>). In the

20th year of the king Vāsiṣṭhīputra Vasuṣeṇa, the Ābhīra,

in the 4th fortnight of the rainy season, on the 1st day.

</p><p n="3–5">The Great Village-chief (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">mahāgrāmika</foreign>),

Great Talavara, Great Commander (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">daṇḍanāyaka</foreign>) Śivaseba, of the Peribeḍehas and

belonging to the Kauśikagotra, who was not removed from

(his) very position, (i.e.) from Saṁjayapurī, by (other)

kings (such as) the Śaka Rudradāman from Avanta and

Viṣṇurudraśivalānanda-Sātakarṇi from Vanavāsa, established

this Bhagavant Aṣṭabhujasvāmin made from <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">uḍumbara</foreign> wood in Seṭagiri, and caused the enclosure of the mountain to be embellished, and had the well (<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">vāpi</foreign>) Mahānandā cleared, and had 2 tanks excavated in Seṭagiri and in Muḍerā, (and) had seven groves of

Palmyra trees planted. </p><p n="5">Who for the sake of Brahmins and for the

sake of friends considers not even (his) life and by (his) virtue</p><p n="1" rend="stanza"> (is) a host to all, is a companion to all, is grateful,

is devoted to truth, is the killer of the elephants of his

enemies, is upright, is devoted to his love for planting fig

trees (?), is righteous and rejoices among good people.</p><p n="6">R̥ṣideśa (is in ?) his Sеmbaka-estate. Made

by the minister Tiṣyaśarman of the Bharadvājagotra by the

power of the Bhagavant. Success to those who practice the cattle vow!</p></div><div type="commentary"><p n="2"><term>saṁjayapurī</term><note>This might be identified with Vijayapurī.</note></p><p n="5-6"><note>The stanza as it stands is very much altered. Taking into consideration the intended meter a reconstructed, standardised, version of the stanza would read as follows:

<foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sarvātithis sarvasakhā kr̥tajñaḥ

satyavrataś śatrugajāvamardī |

r̥jur vaṭanyāsanapremaniṣṭho

yо dhārmikas sādhujanābhinandī ||</foreign>.</note></p><p n="6"><term>govrāta</term><note>This may either be an allusion to the Ābhīras as a dynasty of cowherds (see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Suryavanshi1962_01"/></bibl>), or to a Śaiva ascetic practice involving the vow of imitating a bull (see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Acharya2013_01"/></bibl>).</note></p></div><div type="bibliography"><p>First described and edited by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sircar1961-1962_02"/></bibl>; edited again by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sarma1970_01"/></bibl> and <bibl><ptr target="bib:Salomon2013_01"/></bibl>. Re-edited here from available documentation and

after autopsy of the stone.</p><listBibl type="primary"><bibl/></listBibl><listBibl type="secondary"><bibl><ptr target="bib:IAR"/><citedRange>1958–59: 8</citedRange></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:Mukherjee1959_01"/></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE"/><citedRange>1959-60: B.81</citedRange></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:Suryavanshi1962_01"/>:

<citedRange>101–2</citedRange></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:Srinivasan+Sankaranarayanan1979_01"/>:

<citedRange>no. Ābhīras 2</citedRange></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:Raghunath2001_01"/>:

<citedRange>163–4 (no. 47)</citedRange></bibl><bibl><ptr target="bib:SoundaraRajan2006_01"/>:

</TEI>