SII 3.212: original edition by H. Krishna Sastri

Alternative title: “TWO CHOLA COPPER-PLATE GRANTS FROM TIRUCHCHENGODU. No. 212.—TIRUCHCHENGODU PLATE OF RAJAKESARIVARMAN.”

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: This short inscription in seven lines is engraved on the first side of the first plate of the set of copper-plates obtained from M.R.Ry. Muthuswamy Konar of Tiruchcheṅgōḍu. It is dated in the 10th year of the reign of king Rājakēsarivarman and registers evidently an order of one of the feudatory chiefs of the sovereign named Maḻavaraiyaṉ Sundaraśōḻaṉ, stating that the taxes on full house-sites and half house-sites shall be recovered at 1/4th and 1/8th (kāśu ?) respectively from the citizens of Tūśiyūr and that fines and faults, if any, shall be realised at the rate prevailing in Nandipuram. The chief Maḻavaraiyaṉ Sundaraśōḻaṉ gets the surnames Piradigaṇḍaṉ and Kolli-Maḻavaṉ in B and Oṟṟiyūraṉ Piradigaṇḍavarman in No. 213. Rao Bahadur H. Krishna Sastri has identified the king Rājakēsarivarman of this and the following record with Rājarāja I and notes as follows regarding the donor’s father who, in B is stated to have died at Īḻam (i.e., Ceylon):—“He was evidently a military officer of Rājarāja I or of one of his predecessors. An inscription from Tiruveṇkāḍu of the time of Rājarāja I refers to the general Śiṟiyavēḷāṉ of Koḍumbāḷūr who fell in a battle-field in Īḻam in the ninth year of Poṉmāḷigai-tuñjiṉa-dēva (i.e., Sundara-Chōḷa Parāntaka II). It is not impossible that the father of Maḻavaraiyaṉ was also connected with the battle in which Śiṟiyavēḷār fell”¹.

It is not possible to identify Tūśiyūr mentioned in this inscription.

Language: Tamil (tam).

Version: 2025-09-08 19:01 (3992bd7), last modified 2025-07-03 14:51 (0ec4724).

Edition

Part A

⟨Page 1r⟩
⟨1⟩ svasti śrī ⟨||⟩ kovirājakecaripaṉmaṟkku yā-
⟨2⟩ ṇṭu 10 Āvatu maḻavaraiyaṉ cuntaracoḻaṉe-
⟨3⟩ ṉ tūciyūr nakarattārai nāṅ koḷḷum miṟai muḻuma-
⟨4⟩ ṉai kālum Araimaṉai Araikkālum niṉṟa IṟaiĀ-
⟨5⟩ kak koḷvatākavum taṇṭaṅkuṟṟa muḷḷatu nantipura ma-
⟨6⟩ ṟcāti koḷavatākavum Itaṉ ṟeṉṟāṉ sukitacantāṉa-
⟨7⟩ m tuppaṉa vaṟuvāṉ Itu Ira(kṣi)ttāṉaṭi Eṉ talai melatu[*]

Part B

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī ⟨||⟩ kollimaḻavaṉ piratikaṇṭaṉ cuntaracoḻaṉeṉ

⟨2⟩ Eṅkaḷācca riḻattup paṭa Avar śrīmadāhattukkuc ciṟu-

⟨3⟩ pāṭu kalloṭu kuḻikkut teṉme⟨ṟ⟩kku tūciy¿u?r ti-

⟨Page 1v⟩

⟨4⟩ rukkaṟṟaḷi parameśvararkku cetukuṭutteṉ piratikaṇ-

⟨5⟩ ṭaṉ cuntaracoḻaṉeṉ ||~

Apparatus

Part A

⟨2⟩ cuntaracoḻaṉe⟨3⟩ṉ • Here the word ōlai seems to have been omitted.

⟨5⟩ ma⟨6⟩ṟcāti • Cf. maryāda in Sanskṛit.

Translation by Krishna Sastri 1929

Part A

Hail! Prosperity! In the 10th year of (the reign of) king Rājakēsarivarman, I, Maḻavaraiyaṉ Sundaraśōḻaṉ (ordered as follows):—

The tax which we used to receive from the citizens of Tūśiyūr (viz.) one-fourth (kāśu) on (each) full house-site, and one-eighth on (each) half house-site shall be realised as permanent tax; any fine or fault shall be realised according to (the rate prevalent at) Nandipuram. The merit and progeny of him who contradicts this shall be entirely² cut off. The feet of him who protects this shall (rest) on my head.

Part B

Hail! Prosperity! My father having been killed in Īḻam (Ceylon), I, Kolli-maḻavaṉ Piradigaṇḍaṉ Sundaraśōḻaṉ,³ made a śiṟupāḍu⁴ to the south-west of the boulder with a hole and gave it to the lord of the sacred stone temple at Tūśiyūr for (appeasing) his thirst.

Commentary

Part A

This is registered as No. 10 of App. A to the Annual Report on Epigraphy for 1913-14.

From impressions (received from) the office of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for Epigraphy, Madras.

Puḷḷi is marked in some places and left out in others.

Part B

This inscription is engraved below A and continued on the other side of the plate.

Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 3.212 by Krishna Sastri 1929 converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Krishna Sastri, H. 1929. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III, Part IV: Copper-plate grants from Sinnamanur, Tirukkalar and Tiruchchengodu. Including title page, preface, table of contents, list of plates, addenda and corrigenda, introduction and index of Volume III. South Indian Inscriptions 3.4. Calcutta: Government of India, Central Publication Branch. Pages 476–477, item 212.

Notes

1. Annual Report on Epigraphy for 1913-14, Part II, paragraph 15.
2. With tuppaṉa cf. tuppura or tuppuravāy.
3. This name is repeated twice in the inscription.
4. The word Śirupāḍu seems to be connected with Śiruvāḍu ‘small savings effected by females and youngsters’. In the text, it may refer to some land or property, which the donor might have obtained out of the savings effected by him in his youth.

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<title>SII 3.212: original edition by H. Krishna Sastri</title>

<title type="alt">TWO CHOLA COPPER-PLATE GRANTS FROM TIRUCHCHENGODU. No. 212.—TIRUCHCHENGODU PLATE OF RAJAKESARIVARMAN.</title>

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<p>This short inscription in seven lines is engraved on the first side of the first plate of the set of copper-plates obtained from M.R.Ry. Muthuswamy Konar of Tiruchcheṅgōḍu. It is dated in the 10th year of the reign of king <hi rend="bold">Rājakēsarivarman</hi> and registers evidently an order of one of the feudatory chiefs of the sovereign named <hi rend="bold">Maḻavaraiyaṉ Sundaraśōḻaṉ</hi>, stating that the taxes on full house-sites and half house-sites shall be recovered at 1/4th and 1/8th (<hi rend="italic">kāśu ?</hi>) respectively from the citizens of <hi rend="bold">Tūśiyūr</hi> and that fines and faults, if any, shall be realised at the rate prevailing in <hi rend="bold">Nandipuram</hi>. The chief <hi rend="bold">Maḻavaraiyaṉ Sundaraśōḻaṉ</hi> gets the surnames <hi rend="bold">Piradigaṇḍaṉ</hi> and <hi rend="bold">Kolli-Maḻavaṉ</hi> in B and <hi rend="bold">Oṟṟiyūraṉ Piradigaṇḍavarman</hi> in No. 213. Rao Bahadur H. Krishna Sastri has identified the king <hi rend="bold">Rājakēsarivarman</hi> of this and the following record with Rājarāja I and notes as follows regarding the donor's father who, in B is stated to have died at <hi rend="bold">Īḻam</hi> (i.e., Ceylon):—“He was evidently a military officer of <hi rend="bold">Rājarāja</hi> I or of one of his predecessors. An inscription from <hi rend="bold">Tiruveṇkāḍu</hi> of the time of Rājarāja I refers to the general <hi rend="bold">Śiṟiyavēḷāṉ</hi> of <hi rend="bold">Koḍumbāḷūr</hi> who fell in a battle-field in <hi rend="bold">Īḻam</hi> in the ninth year of <hi rend="bold">Poṉmāḷigai-tuñjiṉa-dēva</hi> (<hi rend="italic">i.e.</hi>, Sundara-Chōḷa Parāntaka II). It is not impossible that the father of <hi rend="bold">Maḻavaraiyaṉ</hi> was also connected with the battle in which <hi rend="bold">Śiṟiyavēḷār</hi> fell”<note><hi rend="italic">Annual Report on Epigraphy</hi> for 1913-14, Part II, paragraph 15.</note>.</p>

<p>It is not possible to identify <hi rend="bold">Tūśiyūr</hi> mentioned in this inscription.</p>

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kovirā<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>kecaripaṉmaṟkku yā

<lb n="2" break="no"/>ṇṭu <num value="10"><g type="numeral">10</g></num> Āvatu

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maḻavaraiyaṉ cuntaracoḻaṉe

<lb n="3" break="no"/>ṉ tūciyūr nakarattārai nāṅ koḷḷum miṟai muḻuma

<lb n="4" break="no"/>ṉai kālum Araimaṉai Araikkālum niṉṟa IṟaiĀ

<lb n="5" break="no"/>kak koḷvatākavum

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taṇṭaṅkuṟṟa muḷḷatu nantipura ma

<lb n="6" break="no"/>ṟcāti koḷavatākavum

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Itaṉ ṟeṉṟāṉ <hi rend="grantha">su</hi>kitacantāṉa

<lb n="7" break="no"/>m tuppaṉa vaṟuvāṉ

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Itu Ira<unclear>kṣi</unclear>ttāṉaṭi Eṉ talai melatu<gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>

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<lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi> <supplied reason="subaudible"><g type="ddanda">.</g></supplied>

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kollimaḻavaṉ piratikaṇṭaṉ cuntaracoḻaṉeṉ

<lb n="2"/>Eṅkaḷācca riḻattup paṭa Avar <hi rend="grantha">śrīmadā</hi>hattukkuc ciṟu

<lb n="3" break="no"/>pāṭu kalloṭu kuḻikkut teṉme<supplied reason="omitted">ṟ</supplied>kku tūciy<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>r ti

<pb n="1v"/><lb n="4" break="no"/>rukkaṟṟaḷi para<hi rend="grantha">meśva</hi>rarkku cetukuṭutteṉ piratikaṇ

<lb n="5" break="no"/>ṭaṉ cuntaracoḻaṉeṉ <g type="ddanda">.</g><g type="dashLong">.</g>

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<lem>cuntaracoḻaṉe

<note>Here the word <foreign>ōlai</foreign> seems to have been omitted.</note>

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<lem>ma

<lb n="6" break="no"/>ṟcāti</lem>

<note>Cf. <hi rend="italic">maryāda</hi> in Sanskṛit.</note>

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<p>Hail! Prosperity! In the 10th year of (<hi rend="italic">the reign of</hi>) king <hi rend="bold">Rājakēsarivarman, I, Maḻavaraiyaṉ Sundaraśōḻaṉ</hi> (<hi rend="italic">ordered as follows):</hi>—</p>

<p>The tax which we used to receive from the citizens of <hi rend="bold">Tūśiyūr</hi> (<hi rend="italic">viz.</hi>) one-fourth (<hi rend="italic">kāśu</hi>) on (<hi rend="italic">each</hi>) full house-site, and one-eighth on (<hi rend="italic">each</hi>) half house-site shall be realised as permanent tax; any fine or fault shall be realised according to (<hi rend="italic">the rate prevalent at</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Nandipuram</hi>. The merit and progeny of him who contradicts this shall be entirely<note>With <foreign>tuppaṉa</foreign> cf. <foreign>tuppura</foreign> or <foreign>tuppuravāy</foreign>.</note> cut off. The feet of him who protects this shall (<hi rend="italic">rest</hi>) on my head.</p>

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<p>Hail! Prosperity! My father having been killed in <hi rend="bold">Īḻam</hi> (Ceylon), I, <hi rend="bold">Kolli-maḻavaṉ Piradigaṇḍaṉ Sundaraśōḻaṉ</hi>,<note>This name is repeated twice in the inscription.</note> made a <hi rend="italic">śiṟupāḍu</hi><note>The word <hi rend="italic">Śirupāḍu</hi> seems to be connected with <hi rend="italic">Śiruvāḍu</hi> ‘small savings effected by females and youngsters’. In the text, it may refer to some land or property, which the donor might have obtained out of the savings effected by him in his youth.</note> to the south-west of the boulder with a hole and gave it to the lord of the sacred stone temple at <hi rend="bold">Tūśiyūr</hi> for (<hi rend="italic">appeasing</hi>) his thirst.</p>

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<p>This is registered as No. 10 of App. A to the Annual Report on Epigraphy for 1913-14.</p>

<p>From impressions (received from) the office of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for Epigraphy, Madras.</p>

<p><hi rend="italic">Puḷḷi</hi> is marked in some places and left out in others.</p>

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<p>This inscription is engraved below A and continued on the other side of the plate.</p>

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<p>Digital edition of SII 3.212 by <bibl><ptr target="bib:KrishnaSastri1929_01"/></bibl> converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.</p>

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