SII 1.65: original edition by Eugen Hultzsch

Alternative title: “PART II. TAMIL AND GRANTHA INSCRIPTIONS. III. INSCRIPTIONS AT AND NEAR VIRIÑCHIPURAM. No. 65. ON THE WEST AND SOUTH WALLS OF THE ĪŚVARA TEMPLE AT VAKKAṆĀPURAM NEAR VIRIÑCHIPURAM.”

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: This inscription records, that a number of people agreed to found a temple, called Okkaniṉṟa-nāyaṉār, and granted to it three velis1 of land belonging to Tiru-Viruñchapuram, i.e., Viriñchipuram, and a tirumaḍaiviḷāgam.2 Okkaniṉṟa-nāyaṉār was evidently the name of the Vakkaṇāpuram Temple, and may be connected with the modern name of the village. A shrine of Chaṇḍeśvara-nāyaṉār,3 the god, who is supposed to preside over the temple treasury, seems to have been attached to the temple.

Further, some land was granted to Vaṛittuṇai-nāyaṉār, “the lord who is a companion on the road.” This is the Tamil equivalent of Mārgasahāyeśvara, the name of the Viriñchipuram Temple, which occurs in No. 58.

The whole grant was entrusted to a certain Kambavāṇa-bhaṭṭa, whose name also appears among the signatures, which are attached to this document. Among these there are some curious denominations, which show that the villagers were fond of bearing royal names. Thus we find Vīra-Śoṛa-Brahmā-rāyaṉ, Mīṉavarāyaṉ,4 Devarāyaṉ, Nandivarman, Muvendirayaṉ,5 and Chedirāyaṉ. One of the witnesses signs half in Tamil, half in Sanskrit;6 another was called after Śiṟṟambalam7 and a third hailed from Periya-nāḍu.

Language: Tamil (tam).

Version: (3992bd7), last modified (0ec4724).

Edition

West.

⟨A1⟩ śubhamastu [||] caṇḍeśvaranāyaṉār Aruḷicceytapaṭikku Āḻvār kampavāṇapaṭṭarkku [||] siddhāttivaruṣaM kāttikai ௴ mutal tiruviruñcapurattil kollaiyil tevanerikku

⟨A2⟩ teṟkku kollainilattile nāyaṉār Okka(ni)ṉṟa nāyiṉāraiyum Eḻuṉtaruḷa paṇṇi Okkaniṉṟāṉ Eriyum kaṭ=ṭi Iṉta Eri (ki)ḻum maṟṟum Iṉta nirku Ervai Āṉa Iṭaṅkaḷilum tirutta-

⟨A3⟩ lāna nilam tirutta kaṭavarākavum [|] tiruttumiṭattu Inṉāyanār Okkaniṉṟa nāyiṉārkku Iṉta Eri kiḻe kaṭṭaḷai cera muṉṟu veli nilam tevatānam Āka sarvvamānnya Iṟaiyili Āka cantr(ā)-

⟨A4⟩ (di)tyavaraiyum cella kaṭavatākavum [|] Iṉta mūṉṟu veli nilamum Oḻiṉtu Eṟṟam Uḷḷa nilam Uṭaiyār vaḻittuṇai nāyaṉārkku tevatānam Āka kaṭavatākavum [|] Iṉta Okkaniṉṟa nāyaṉār

⟨A5⟩ tirukkoyilai cūḻṉta Iṭattilum caṉnatiyilum Eṟiṉa pala kuṭikkum koḷḷum vācalpaṇam Uḷpaṭṭa kaṭamai Uḷḷatu Iṉta Okkaniṉṟa nāyinārkku sarvvamānnya Iṟaiyili Āṉa tiruma-

⟨A6⟩ {ma}ṭaiviḷākam Āka kaṭavatā⟨ka⟩vum [|] Iṉta tirumaṭaiviḷākamum Iṉta tevatāṉam mūṉṟu veli nilamum Oḻiṉtu Eṟa tiruttiṉa nilattukku tiruttiṉa varuṣattukku pala Upātiyum

⟨A7⟩ Uḷpaṭa nūṟu kuḻikku kalaṉe nāṉāḻi nellum kāl paṇamum viḻukkāṭu koḷḷa kaṭavatākavum [|] Itaṟkku Etirāmāṇṭukku pala Upātiyu⟨m⟩ Uḷpaṭa kalapaṟṟu Aṟṟa makitāriyil kāl varicai

⟨A8⟩ koḷḷa kaṭavatākavum [|] Itaṟkku Etirāmāṇṭukku kalapaṟṟu Aṟṟa makitāriyil Arai varicai koḷḷa kaṭavatākavu[m |] Itaṟkku Etirāmāṇṭu mutal Aṉaittāṇṭum kalapaṟṟu Aṟṟa makitāriyil

⟨A9⟩ Oṉṟu mukkāl koḷḷa kaṭavatākavum [|] Ip(pa)ṭikku tirumalaiyile Eḻuttu veṭṭi koḷḷavum [|] Itu śrīmaheśvararakṣai ௳ Ivai Atikāram Ilakkappaṉ Eḻuttu Ivai kampavāṇapaṭ=ṭaṉ Eḻuttu

South.

⟨1⟩ Ivai dakṣiṇāmūrttibhaṭṭasya Ivai tirucciṟṟampalapaṭṭaṉ Eḻuttu Ivai caivvādhirājaṉ Eḻuttu

⟨2⟩ Ivai periyanāṭṭu nampi Eḻuttu Ivai viracoḻabrahmārāyaṉ Eḻuttu Ivai Apparāṇṭi Eḻut(tu)

⟨3⟩ Ivai camaiyamaṉtiri Eḻuttu Ivai śrīmāheśvaraveḷāraṉ Eḻuttu Ivai miṉavarāyaṉ Eḻuttu Ivai t(e)varāyaṉ Eḻuttu

⟨4⟩ Ivai naṉtipaṉmaṉ Eḻuttu Ivai Apimānapūṣaṇaveḷāṉ Eḻuttu Ivai koyil kaṇakku muveṉtirayaṉ Eḻuttu Ivai cetirāyaṉ Eḻuttu [||]

Translation by Hultzsch 1890

Let there be prosperity! According to the pleasure of Chaṇḍeśvara-nāyaṉār, (the following gifts were made over) to Āṛvār Kambavāṇa-bhaṭṭa.

From the month of Kārttika of the Siddhārthin year forward, the lord Okkaniṉṟanāyaṉār shall be placed in the dry land to the south of the Devaneri (tank), (which belongs) to the dry land of Tiru-Viruñchapuram, the Okkaniṉṟāṉ-eri (tank) shall be constructed, and the reclaimable land below this tank and in other places, which are above the level of this water, shall be reclaimed. After they are reclaimed, three velis of land below this tank shall be placed at the disposal of this lord Okkaniṉṟa-nāyaṉār as a divine gift, as a sarvamānya (and) free from taxes, to last as long as the moon and the sun. With the exception of these three velis of land, the elevated land shall be a divine gift to the lord Vaṛittuṇai-nāyaṉār. (All the land) which pays taxes,—including the door-money (vāśalpaṇam), which will be taken from all houses built round and in front of the holy temple of this Okkaniṉṟa-nāyaṉār,—shall belong to this Okkaniṉṟa-nāyaṉār as the environs of his temple (tirumaḍaiviḷāgam), which shall be a sarvamānya (and) free from (other) taxes. One kalam8 and four nāṛis9 of paddy and a quarter paṇam shall be taken, including all conditions (? upādhi), per hundred kuṛis of the elevated land, which is reclaimed, in the year during which it is reclaimed, with the exception of those environs of the temple and the three velis of land, (which form) that divine gift. [The meaning of the next three clauses, which contain some unintelligible terms, seems to be, that in the next-following year, one quarter, in the next, one half, and in each further year, three quarters more than in the first year should be taken.] A document to this effect shall be engraved on the holy mountain (tirumalai).10 Let the blessed Maheśvara protect this (gift).

This is the signature of the magistrate (adhikāram) Ilakkappaṉ. This is the signature of Kambavāṇa-bhaṭṭa. This is (the signature) of Dakshiṇāmūrti-bhaṭṭa. This is the signature of Tiruchchiṟṟambala-bhaṭṭa. This is the signature of Śaivādhirāja. This is the signature of Nambi of Periya-nāḍu. This is the signature of Vīra-Śoṛa-Brahmā-rāyaṉ. This is the signature of Appar-āṇḍi. This is the signature of Samaya-mantrin. This is the signature of the illustrious Māheśvara-veḷāraṉ. This is the signature of Mīṉavarāyaṉ. This is the signature of Devarāyaṉ. This is the signature of Nandivarman. This is the signature of Abhimānabhūshaṇa-veḷāṉ. This is the signature of Muvendirayaṉ, the accountant (kaṇakku) of the temple. This is the signature of Chedirāyaṉ.

Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 1.65 by Hultzsch 1890 converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1890. South-Indian inscriptions, Tamil and Sanskrit, from stone and copper-plate edicts at Mamallapuram, Kanchipuram, in the North Arcot district, and other parts of the Madras Presidency, chiefly collected in 1886-87. Volume I. South Indian Inscriptions 1. Madras: Government Press. Pages 92–94, item 65.

Notes

  1. 1. 1 veli consists of 5 kāṇis, 1 kāṇi of 100 kuṛis, and 1 kuṛi is equal to 576 square feet.

  2. 2. This term seems to signify “the environs of a temple;” compare No. 86, line 24.

  3. 3. Compare Ādidāsa Chaṇḍeśvara in six other inscriptions (Nos. 84, 85, 89, 110, 112 and 131), and Ādichaṇḍeśvara in Carr’s Seven Pagodas, pp. 121, 128. The Tanjore Temple also contains a small shrine of Chaṇḍeśvara.

  4. 4. Mīṉavaṉ, “the bearer of the fish-banner,” is an epithet of the Pāṇḍya kings.

  5. 5. This stands probably for Muv-vēnd-irāyaṉ. Muvvēndu would be a synonym of Mūvaraśar, “the three kings,” i.e., Śeraṉ, Śoṛaṉ and Pāṇḍiyaṉ.

  6. 6. Ivai dakṣiṇāmūrttibhaṭṭasya.

  7. 7. Ivai tirucciṟṟampalapaṭṭaṉ Eḻuttu. Śiṟṟambalam is the Tamil name of Chidambaram.

  8. 8. Equal to 12 marakkāls.

  9. 9. Equal to 1/2 marakkāl.

  10. 10. By this the temple itself seems to be meant.