Ukkal, time of Kampavarman, year 10

Editor: Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPallava00210.

Summary: Donation of paddy to feed daily two Brahmins.

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: Pallava (tfa-pallava-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-10-29 23:21 (731357b), last modified 2024-06-06 16:22 (18e0138).

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⟨1⟩ ⟨Block 1⟩svasti śrī

kampa-va⟨r⟩mmaṟku yāṇṭu patt-ā(va)tu

Uṭka⟨⟨ṟ⟩⟩ sabhaiyār⟨k⟩ku caṭaiya⟨2⟩⟨Block 1⟩ṉ kuṭutta nel nā-ṉūṟṟu-k kāṭi

⟨In⟩-ne¿Il?⟨l⟩lāl-p poli-¡Ū!⟨y-ū⟩ṭṭu Ā(ṇ)⟨3⟩⟨Block 1⟩ṭu-var(ai) nūṟṟu-k kāṭi (ne)l palicaiy(ā)l nicati Iruvar pirāma⟨4⟩⟨Block 1⟩ṇarai nilamum n(āya)ṟum Uḷḷa Aḷavum Ūṭṭuvōm āṉō⟨m⟩ Uṭkal sabhaiyōm

Iv⟨5⟩⟨Block 1⟩v-i(run)t’ ūṭṭu mu(ṭṭi)l kaṅk¿e?⟨ai⟩-¡I!⟨y-i⟩ṭai-k kumari-⟨¡I!⟨y-i⟩⟩ṭai Eḻu-nūṟṟu-k kātatt’ ¿ū?⟨u⟩ḷḷum ceytār ce⟨Block 2⟩⟨y⟩ta (p)āvam paṭuvō⟨m ā⟩ṉōm sabhaiyōm

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ °va⟨r⟩mmaṟku ⬦ va(r)mmaṟku SII. — ⟨1⟩ Uṭkaṟ ⬦ Uṭkaṟ⟨k⟩ku SII • SII rightly notes the the final ṟ has been added subsequently. It is indeed of smaller size and accommodated in the bottom part of the space between ka and sa. — ⟨1⟩ sabhaiyār⟨k⟩ku ⬦ (sa)bhaiyār⟨k⟩ku SII.

⟨2⟩ ⟨In⟩-ne¿Il?⟨l⟩lāl ⬦ ne(Il)lāl SII • SII suggests to read Innellāl.

⟨3⟩ (ne)l ⬦ kol SII • SII suggests to read nel. The ne, of eccentric ductus, looks indeed like ko.

⟨4⟩ n(āya)ṟum ⬦ nāyaṟum SII. — ⟨4⟩ Aḷavum ⬦ (A)ḷavum SII. — ⟨4⟩ Uṭkal ⬦ Uṭ(ka)l SII. — ⟨4⟩ Iv⟨5⟩v-i(run)t’ ūṭṭu ⬦ Iv⟨5⟩viru(n)tūṭṭu SII • SII notes that the “n of virun appears to be corrected from ṉ”.

⟨5⟩ kaṅk¿e?⟨ai⟩ ⬦ kaṅk¿e?⟨ai⟩ SII. — ⟨5⟩ kumari-⟨¡I!⟨y-i⟩⟩ṭai ⬦ kumari⟨yi⟩ṭai SII • — ⟨5⟩ kātatt’ ¿ū?⟨u⟩ḷḷum ⬦ kātatt¿ū?⟨u⟩ḷḷu(m) SII • — ⟨5⟩ paṭuvō⟨m ā⟩ṉōm ⬦ (pa)ṭuvō⟨m ā⟩ṉōm SII •

Translation by Hultzsch 1899

(1) Hail! Prosperity! In the tenth year [of the reign] of Kampavarman,——Caṭaiyaṉ gave four hundred kāṭis of paddy to the assembly of Uṭkal.

(2) From the interest¹ on this paddy, which amounts to one hundred kāṭi of paddy per year, we, the assembly of Uṭkal, shall feed two Brāhmaṇas daily, as long as the earth and the sun exist.

(4) If we fail in this feeding of guests, we, the assembly, shall incur [all] the sins committed within the seven hundred kātams² between the Gaṅgā and Kumari.

Translation by Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

(1) Tenth year of Kampavarman.

(1–2) The paddy that Caṭaiyaṉ gave to the members of the assembly of Uṭkal: four hundred kāṭis.

(2–4) With this paddy, [with] the interest [of it], [that is] with an interest [of] one hundred kāṭis per year, we, the members of the assembly of Uṭkal shall feed daily two Brahmins, as long as the moon and the sun.

(4–5) If we fail [to provide] food [to] these guests we shall incur the sin that do those of do [sin] within the seven hundred kātams between the Ganges and Kumari.

Commentary

The same Caṭaiyaṉ is the donor of paddy for the upkeep of the tank at Uṭkal in DHARMA_INSPallava00215 (year 15 of Kampavarman).

Bibliography

Reported in Hultzsch 1893 (ARIE/1892-1893/B/1893/24).

Edited in Hultzsch 1899, with English translation (SII 3.8); text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 210)

Re-edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (Valérie Gillet, 2008) .

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1899. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part I: Inscriptions at Ukkal, Melpadi, Karuvur, Manimangalam and Tiruvallam. South Indian Inscriptions 3.1. Madras: Governement Press. Page 13, item 8.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Item 210, page 551.

Secondary

Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1893. G.O. Nos. 642-43, 14th August 1893. Epigraphy. Directing, with remarks, Dr. Hultzsch's report on Epigraphical work done during 1892-93 be forwarded to the Govrnement of India and approving of the programme for the next field season. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department. Page 13, appendix B/1893, item 24.

Notes

1. poliūṭṭu is apparently the same as policaiyūṭṭu in Vol. II. Nos. 27, 28, 35 and 37.
2. Compare Ep. Ind. Vol. III. p. 284 ff., where a similar imprecation occurs. According to the Tamil dictionaries, a kātam corresponds to about 10 miles. Hence the expression ‘700 kātams’ appears to refer to the circumference of the whole of India between the Gaṅgā and Cape Comorin. The Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsiang also fixes the extent of the countries which he describes, by stating their circumference.

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kampa-va<hi rend="grantha"><supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>mma</hi>ṟku yāṇṭu patt-ā<unclear reason="eccentric_ductus">va</unclear>tu

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<lb n="3" break="no"/><milestone n="1" unit="block"/>ṭu-var<unclear>ai</unclear> nūṟṟu-k kāṭi <unclear reason="eccentric_ductus">ne</unclear>l palicaiy<unclear>ā</unclear>l nicati Iruvar pirāma

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<lem><hi rend="grantha">sabhai</hi>yār<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>ku</lem>

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<note><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/> suggests to read <foreign>nel</foreign>. The <foreign>ne</foreign>, of eccentric ductus, looks indeed like <foreign>ko</foreign>.</note>

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<rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">nāyaṟum</rdg>

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<rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"><unclear>A</unclear>ḷavum</rdg>

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<lem>kumari-<supplied reason="omitted"><choice><orig>I</orig><reg>y-i</reg></choice></supplied>ṭai</lem>

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<p n="1">Hail! Prosperity! In the tenth year <supplied reason="subaudible">of the reign</supplied> of Kampavarman,——Caṭaiyaṉ gave four hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign>s of paddy to the assembly of Uṭkal.</p>

<p n="2">From the interest<note><foreign>poliūṭṭu</foreign> is apparently the same as <foreign>policaiyūṭṭu</foreign> in Vol. II. Nos. 27, 28, 35 and 37.</note> on this paddy, which amounts to one hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign> of paddy per year, we, the assembly of Uṭkal, shall feed two Brāhmaṇas daily, as long as the earth and the sun exist.</p>

<p n="4">If we fail in this feeding of guests, we, the assembly, shall incur <supplied reason="subaudible">all</supplied> the sins committed within the seven hundred <foreign>kātam</foreign>s<note>Compare <hi rend="italic">Ep. Ind</hi>. Vol. III. p. 284 ff., where a similar imprecation occurs. According to the Tamil dictionaries, a <foreign>kātam</foreign> corresponds to about 10 miles. Hence the expression ‘700 <foreign>kātam</foreign>s’ appears to refer to the circumference of the whole of India between the Gaṅgā and Cape Comorin. The Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsiang also fixes the extent of the countries which he describes, by stating their circumference.</note> between the Gaṅgā and Kumari.</p>

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Prosperity! Fortune!</p>

Tenth year of Kampavarman.</p>

The paddy that Caṭaiyaṉ gave to the members of the assembly of Uṭkal: four hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign>s.</p>

With this paddy, <supplied reason="subaudible">with</supplied> the interest <supplied reason="subaudible">of it</supplied>, <supplied reason="subaudible">that is</supplied> with an interest <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> one hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign>s per year, we, the members of the assembly of Uṭkal shall feed daily two Brahmins, as long as the moon and the sun.</p>

If we fail <supplied reason="subaudible">to provide</supplied> food <supplied reason="subaudible">to</supplied> these guests we shall incur the sin that do those of do <supplied reason="subaudible">sin</supplied> within the seven hundred <foreign>kātam</foreign>s between the Ganges and Kumari.</p>

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<p>The same Caṭaiyaṉ is the donor of paddy for the upkeep of the tank at Uṭkal in <ref target="DHARMA_INSPallava00215">DHARMA_INSPallava00215</ref> (year 15 of Kampavarman).</p>

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1892-1893"/></bibl> (ARIE/1892-1893/B/1893/24).</p>

<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl>, with English translation (SII 3.8); text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 210)</p>

<p>Re-edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2022), based on photographs (Valérie Gillet, 2008) .</p>

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