Tiruvallam, time of Nandivikramavarman, year 17

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Donation of three villages as a newly-named devadāna and regulation thereof. The paddy from these lands is given to Śivabrāhmaṇas, drummers, those who pluck flowers, and singers of Tēvāram. This is an explicit later copy of the original Pallava inscription.

Palaeographic description: The word caturvvēti is written entirely in Tamil characters (lines 10 and 21).

Language: Tamil (tam) [Tamil (tamil)].

Version: 2025-10-30 16:41 (152e922), last modified 2025-09-24 16:03 (df3f0d0).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī ti(ru-ma)ṇṭapam iḻicci-y e(ṭu)ppa-
⟨2⟩ taṟku muṉp-uḷḷa cilālēkai-p-paṭi
⟨3⟩ kō-vijaya-nan=ti-vikkirima-panmar(k)ku yā(ṇ)ṭu 10 7-
⟨4⟩ -Āvatu paṭu(vūr)-k-(kompu)-kōṭṭattu mīyāṟu-nāṭṭu-t t¿i?kk(ā)-
⟨5⟩ livallam-u(ṭ)aiya parameśvarar(k=ku)
⟨6⟩ I¡ṉ-ṉ!ā(ṭṭu) Aim(pū)ṇiyum vi-
⟨7⟩ ḷattūrum It-tēvar tē(va)-
⟨8⟩ tā(ṉa)m Ama(ru)ṉṟi-maṅka(lamu)-
⟨9⟩ m viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramā-
⟨10⟩ titta-c-caturvvēti-maṅ-
⟨11⟩ kalam eṉṉum pērā-
⟨12⟩ l Ēka-k-kirāmam-āka mā-vali-
⟨13⟩ -vāṇa-rāyaṉ-ā(ṉa) vik(ki)ramā(tit)ta-
⟨14⟩ -vāṇa-rāyaṉ viṇṇappat(t)ālu-
⟨15⟩ m kāṭupa(ṭ)ṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-(p)ēra⟨ra⟩(ya)ṉ
⟨16⟩ Āṇattiyālum Ēka-k-kirāmam ākki (I)v(v-a)-
⟨17⟩ (ma)ruṉṟi-maṅkalamu¡ṉṉ! it-tī⟨k⟩k¿a?rālivalla-
⟨18⟩ m-uṭaiya parameśvararkku Iṟuttu va-
⟨19⟩ (ru)kiṉṟa<nel>Iraṇṭ’ āyira-k kāṭiyum-
⟨20⟩ po¡ṉṉ! irupatiṉ kaḻañcum iv-vi-
⟨21⟩ ṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-cat¿i?r-
⟨22⟩ vvēti-maṅkalattu-c cavaiyār
⟨23⟩ Iṟuppār ākavum i¡ṉ-ṉ!ellil-t (ti)-
⟨24⟩ ru-v-amirtukku nellu Aṟu nūṟṟu-
⟨25⟩ -k kāṭiyum tiru-v-uṇṇāḻikaiyu¡ḷḷ! ār(ā)-
⟨26⟩ ti(t)tu-p par¡a!carikkum śiva-brāhmaṇa-
⟨27⟩ rkku nellu Ai¡ñ!-
⟨28⟩ -¡ñ!ūṟṟu-k kāṭiyum śrī-pa-
⟨29⟩ li-koṭṭuvārk=ku nellu
⟨30⟩ Ai¡ñ-ñ!ūṟṟu-k= kā(ṭiyu)m
⟨31⟩ tiru-p-paḷḷittāmam
⟨32⟩ paṟippārkkum tiru-p-
⟨33⟩ -patiyam pāṭuvār uḷḷi-
⟨34⟩ ṭṭa pala paṇi ceyvār-
⟨35⟩ kku nellu nā-nūṟṟu-
⟨36⟩ -k kāṭiyum tiru-¿k?o(n=t)ā
⟨37⟩ viḷakkukkum tiru-mey-p-pūccuk(kum)
⟨38⟩ citārik(ku)maṟṟum khaṇḍas¿p?uṭita-na(va)ka-
⟨39⟩ nm(ā)tikaḷuk=ku¡mm! āka-p p(o)ṉ I(rupa)ti-
⟨40⟩ ṉ kaḻañcum Āka I¡ṉ-(ṉ)!(e)llum
⟨41⟩ Ip-poṉṉu(m) It-tēvaṟk=ku
⟨42⟩ cantrātittava¡ll! iṟuppārkaḷ ā-
⟨43⟩ (ka)vum Ip-paricu nivan=tam-āka-
⟨44⟩ -c ceytu kuṭuttō(m)
⟨45⟩ Id-¿dhmamama? panmāhe-
⟨46⟩ (śva)ra-rakṣai⁋⁋

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

ti(ru-ma)ṇṭapam iḻicci-y e(ṭu)ppa⟨2⟩taṟku muṉp-uḷḷa cilālēkai-p-paṭi

⟨3⟩ kō-vijaya-nan=ti-vikkirima-panmar(k)ku yā(ṇ)ṭu 10 7⟨4⟩-Āvatu

paṭu(vūr)-k-(kompu)-kōṭṭattu mīyāṟu-nāṭṭu-t t⟨ī⟩kk(ā)⟨5⟩livallam-u(ṭ)aiya parameśvarar(k=ku) ⟨6⟩ I⟨n-n⟩ā(ṭṭu) Aim(pū)ṇiyum vi⟨7⟩ḷattūrum It-tēvar tē(va)⟨8⟩tā(ṉa)m Ama(ru)ṉṟi-maṅka(lamu)⟨9⟩m viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramā⟨10⟩titta-c-caturvvēti-maṅ⟨11⟩kalam eṉṉum pērā⟨12⟩l Ēka-k-kirāmam-āka mā-vali⟨13⟩-vāṇa-rāyaṉ-ā(ṉa) vik(ki)ramā(tit)ta⟨14⟩-vāṇa-rāyaṉ viṇṇappat(t)ālu⟨15⟩m kāṭupa(ṭ)ṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-(p)ēra⟨ra⟩(ya)ṉ ⟨16⟩ Āṇattiyālum Ēka-k-kirāmam ākki (I)v(v-a)⟨17⟩(ma)ruṉṟi-maṅkalamu⟨ṉ⟩ it-tī⟨k⟩k⟨ā⟩rālivalla⟨18⟩m-uṭaiya parameśvararkku Iṟuttu va⟨19⟩(ru)kiṉṟa<nel>Iraṇṭ’ āyira-k kāṭiyum⟨20⟩po⟨ṉ⟩ irupatiṉ kaḻañcum iv-vi⟨21⟩ṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-cat⟨u⟩r⟨22⟩vvēti-maṅkalattu-c cavaiyār ⟨23⟩ Iṟuppār ākavum

i⟨n-n⟩ellil-t (ti)⟨24⟩ru-v-amirtukku nellu Aṟu nūṟṟu⟨25⟩-k kāṭiyum tiru-v-uṇṇāḻikaiyu⟨ḷ⟩ ār(ā)⟨26⟩ti(t)tu-p par⟨i⟩carikkum śiva-brāhmaṇa⟨27⟩rkku nellu Ai⟨n⟩⟨28⟩-⟨n⟩ūṟṟu-k kāṭiyum śrī-pa⟨29⟩li-koṭṭuvārk=ku nellu ⟨30⟩ Ai⟨n-n⟩ūṟṟu-k= kā(ṭiyu)m ⟨31⟩ tiru-p-paḷḷittāmam ⟨32⟩ paṟippārkkum tiru-p⟨33⟩-patiyam pāṭuvār uḷḷi⟨34⟩ṭṭa pala paṇi ceyvār⟨35⟩kku nellu nā-nūṟṟu⟨36⟩-k kāṭiyum tiru-⟨n⟩o(n=t)ā ⟨37⟩ viḷakkukkum tiru-mey-p-pūccuk(kum) ⟨38⟩ citārik(ku)maṟṟum khaṇḍas⟨ph⟩uṭita-na(va)ka⟨39⟩nm(ā)tikaḷuk=ku⟨m⟩ āka-p p(o)ṉ I(rupa)ti⟨40⟩ṉ kaḻañcum Āka I⟨n-n⟩(e)llum ⟨41⟩ Ip-poṉṉu(m) It-tēvaṟk=ku ⟨42⟩ cantrātittava⟨l⟩ iṟuppārkaḷ ā⟨43⟩(ka)vum

Ip-paricu nivan=tam-āka⟨44⟩-c ceytu kuṭuttō(m)

⟨45⟩ Id-⟨dharmmam⟩ panmāhe⟨46⟩(śva)ra-rakṣai⁋⁋

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

ti(ru-ma)ṇṭapam iḻicci-y e(ṭu)ppa⟨2⟩taṟku muṉp-uḷḷa cilālēkai-p-paṭi

⟨3⟩ kō-vijaya-nan=ti-vikkirima-panmar(k)ku yā(ṇ)ṭu 10 7⟨4⟩-Āvatu

paṭu(vūr)-k-(kompu)-kōṭṭattu mīyāṟu-nāṭṭu-t t¿i?⟨ī⟩kk(ā)⟨5⟩livallam-u(ṭ)aiya parameśvarar(k=ku) ⟨6⟩ I¡ṉ-ṉ!⟨n-n⟩ā(ṭṭu) Aim(pū)ṇiyum vi⟨7⟩ḷattūrum It-tēvar tē(va)⟨8⟩tā(ṉa)m Ama(ru)ṉṟi-maṅka(lamu)⟨9⟩m viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramā⟨10⟩titta-c-caturvvēti-maṅ⟨11⟩kalam eṉṉum pērā⟨12⟩l Ēka-k-kirāmam-āka mā-vali⟨13⟩-vāṇa-rāyaṉ-ā(ṉa) vik(ki)ramā(tit)ta⟨14⟩-vāṇa-rāyaṉ viṇṇappat(t)ālu⟨15⟩m kāṭupa(ṭ)ṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-(p)ēra⟨ra⟩(ya)ṉ ⟨16⟩ Āṇattiyālum Ēka-k-kirāmam ākki (I)v(v-a)⟨17⟩(ma)ruṉṟi-maṅkalamu¡ṉṉ!⟨ṉ⟩ it-tī⟨k⟩k¿a?⟨ā⟩rālivalla⟨18⟩m-uṭaiya parameśvararkku Iṟuttu va⟨19⟩(ru)kiṉṟa<nel>Iraṇṭ’ āyira-k kāṭiyum⟨20⟩po¡ṉṉ!⟨ṉ⟩ irupatiṉ kaḻañcum iv-vi⟨21⟩ṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-cat¿i?⟨u⟩r⟨22⟩vvēti-maṅkalattu-c cavaiyār ⟨23⟩ Iṟuppār ākavum

i¡ṉ-ṉ!⟨n-n⟩ellil-t (ti)⟨24⟩ru-v-amirtukku nellu Aṟu nūṟṟu⟨25⟩-k kāṭiyum tiru-v-uṇṇāḻikaiyu¡ḷḷ!⟨ḷ⟩ ār(ā)⟨26⟩ti(t)tu-p par¡a!⟨i⟩carikkum śiva-brāhmaṇa⟨27⟩rkku nellu Ai¡ñ!⟨n⟩⟨28⟩-¡ñ!⟨n⟩ūṟṟu-k kāṭiyum śrī-pa⟨29⟩li-koṭṭuvārk=ku nellu ⟨30⟩ Ai¡ñ-ñ!⟨n-n⟩ūṟṟu-k= kā(ṭiyu)m ⟨31⟩ tiru-p-paḷḷittāmam ⟨32⟩ paṟippārkkum tiru-p⟨33⟩-patiyam pāṭuvār uḷḷi⟨34⟩ṭṭa pala paṇi ceyvār⟨35⟩kku nellu nā-nūṟṟu⟨36⟩-k kāṭiyum tiru-¿k?⟨n⟩o(n=t)ā ⟨37⟩ viḷakkukkum tiru-mey-p-pūccuk(kum) ⟨38⟩ citārik(ku)maṟṟum khaṇḍas¿p?⟨ph⟩uṭita-na(va)ka⟨39⟩nm(ā)tikaḷuk=ku¡mm!⟨m⟩ āka-p p(o)ṉ I(rupa)ti⟨40⟩ṉ kaḻañcum Āka I¡ṉ-(ṉ)!⟨n-n⟩(e)llum ⟨41⟩ Ip-poṉṉu(m) It-tēvaṟk=ku ⟨42⟩ cantrātittava¡ll!⟨l⟩ iṟuppārkaḷ ā⟨43⟩(ka)vum

Ip-paricu nivan=tam-āka⟨44⟩-c ceytu kuṭuttō(m)

⟨45⟩ Id-¿dhmamama?⟨dharmmam⟩ panmāhe⟨46⟩(śva)ra-rakṣai⁋⁋

Apparatus

⟨3⟩ t¿i?⟨ī⟩kk(ā) ⬦ SII.

⟨26⟩ par¡a!⟨i⟩carikkum ⬦ pācarikkum SII.

⟨38⟩ khaṇḍas¿p?⟨ph⟩uṭita-na(va)ka⟨39⟩nm(ā)tikkaḷuk=um ⬦ khaṇḍaspuṭita-na(va)ka⟨39⟩nm(ā)tikkaḷuk=um SII • SII notes that this has to be read sphuṭita-navakarmādi. On the phrase khaṇḍaspuṭita, see von Hinüber 2013.

⟨39⟩ p(o)ṉ • In o, only the kompu element is unclear.

Translation

⟨1⟩ Prosperity! Fortune!

⟨1–2⟩ [This is a] copy of a stone-inscription¹ which existed before the reconstruction (iḻicci-y eṭuppataṟku²) of the glorious pillared hall (tiru-maṇṭapam).

⟨3–4⟩ 17th year of the victorious king Nantivikkiramapanmar.³

⟨4–23⟩ For the great lord of Tīkkālivallam in the Mīyāṟunāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkompukōṭṭam, in this [same] nāṭu, [in] [the villages of] Aimpūṇi, Viḷattūr, and Amaruṉṟi-maṅgala, a devadāna of this [same] god ― [now] as a single village, under the name “Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala” ― having become a single village, at the request of Vikkkiramātittavānarāyaṉ⁴ alias Māvalivāṇarāyaṉ⁵ [and] by execution (āṇatti) of Kāṭupaṭṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-pērarayaṉ ― the members of the assembly of this Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala should pay as taxes (iṟuppār ākavum) two thousands kāṭis of paddy and twenty kaḻañcus of gold which used to come (varukiṉṟa⁶) before (muṉ) [from] this Amaruṉṟi-maṅgala as tax payment (iṟuttu⁷) for this great lord of Tīkkālivallam in the Mīyāṟunāṭu.

⟨23–44⟩ So that there be (āka⁸) from this paddy

for sacred food offerings (tiruvamirtukku): six hundred kāṭis of paddy
for the Śivabrāhmaṇas who offer worship (ārātittu) and assist the priests (paricarikkum⁹) in the glorious innermost sanctuary (tiru-v-uṇṇāḵikai¹⁰): five hundred kāṭis of paddy
for those who beat (koṭṭuvārkku) [drums] [at the time] of the glorious pali [offering]¹¹: five hundred kāṭis of paddy
for those who pick (paṟippārkkum) [flowers to make] the glorious flower-garlands (tiru-p-paḷḷittāmam) and for those who do many services, including those who sing (pāṭuvār) the glorious hymns (tiru-p-patiyam): four hundred kāṭis of paddy

and so that there be (āka¹²) twenty kaḻañcus of gold

for glorious perpetual lamps
for anointing of the idol¹³
for incense (citāri¹⁴) and for repairing breaks and cracks

this paddy and this gold, they¹⁵ should pay [it] as tax (iṟuppārkaḷ ākavum) to this god as long as the moon and the sun.

⟨43–44⟩ In this manner, having made a nibandha¹⁶, we have given it.

⟨45–46⟩ This pious donation is [under] the protection of the Panmāheśvaras.

Translation by Hultzsch 1899

⟨1–2⟩ Hail! Prosperity! [The following is] a copy of a stone inscription which existed before the maṇḍapa of the temple had been pulled down and re-erected.

⟨3⟩ In the 17th year [of the reign] of king Vijaya-Nandivikramavarman.

⟨4–13⟩ Māvalivāṇarāya, alias Vikkiramādittavāṇarāya, [had made] the request that [to the temple of] Parameśvara (Śiva) at Tīkkāli-Vallam in Mīyāṟṟu-nāṭu, (a subdivision) of Paṭuvūr-kōṭṭam, [should be given three villages] in the same nāṭu ⟨viz.⟩ Aim(pū)ṇi, Viḷattūr and Amaruṉṟimaṅkalam, a devadāna of this god, [and that they should be clubbed together into] one village, named Viṭelviṭuku-Vikkiramāditta-caturvēdimaṅgalam.

⟨14–16⟩ In conformity with [this request], and Kāṭupaṭṭi-Tamiḻa-Pērarayaṉ being the executor, [the three villages] were made into one village.

⟨16–23⟩ The members of the assembly of this Viṭelviṭuku-Vikkiramāditta-caturvētimaṅgalam shall have to pay two thousand kāṭi of paddy and twenty kalañcu of gold, which were being paid before by this Amaruṉṟimaṅkalam to this [temple of] Parameśvara at Tīkkāli-Vallam.

⟨23–40⟩ Of this paddy, six hundred kāṭi of paddy are allotted for offerings; hundred kāṭi of paddy to the Śiva-Brāhmaṇas who desire to be fed, beginning with those in charge of the store-room of the temple; five hundred kāṭi of paddy to those who beat [drums before] oblations; four hundred kāṭi of paddy to those who pick [flowers for] temple garlands, and to those who perform various [other] services, including the singers of the Tiruppatiyam; and twenty kalañcu of gold for the perpetual lamps, for anointing the idol, for bark, and for repairing breaks and cracks, etc.

⟨40–43⟩ [The members of the assembly] shall have to pay this paddy and this gold to this god as long as the moon and the sun exist.

⟨43–45⟩ In this manner we have given [the village] for [providing] the necessaries.

⟨45–46⟩ This charity [is placed under] the protection of all Māheśvaras.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1889-90 (ARIE/1889-1890/B/1890/1a).

Edited and translated in Hultzsch 1899 (SII 3.43). Text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 132). Edited in Caṇmukam 2021

This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis, based on Hultzsch 1899. This translation by Emmanuel Francis.

Thanks to Dr. N. Marxia Gandhi and Sudalaimuthu Palaniappan for their input for the improved reading in line 26, and to Mani Manivannan for photographic documentation.

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1899. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part I: Inscriptions at Ukkal, Melpadi, Karuvur, Manimangalam and Tiruvallam. South Indian Inscriptions 3.1. Madras: Government Press. Pages 92–94, item 43.

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Page 396, item 131.

[C] Caṇmukam, Pa. 2021. Tamiḻnāṭṭuk kalveṭṭukaḷ tokuti XIX. Vēlūr māvaṭṭak kalveṭṭukaḷ tokuti II. TNSDA Epigraphical Series 58. Chennai: Government of Tamil Nadu, State Department of Archaeology. Pages 121–123, item 309/2021.

Secondary

[ARIE] ARIE 1889-90. G.O. No. 189, 11th March 1890. Archaeology. Recording the progress report of the Epigraphist, Archaeological Survey, for October 1889 to January 1890. Edited by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department, 1890. Page 5, appendix B/1890, item 1a.

von Hinüber, Oskar. 2013. “Behind the scenes: The struggle of political groups for influence as reflected in inscriptions.” IIJ 56 (3-4), pp. 365–379. DOI: 10.1163/15728536-13560304. [URL].

Notes

1. Literally: according to (paṭi) a stone-inscription.
2. Literally: before constructing [anew] having destroyed [the old structure].
3. Sanskrit Nandivikramavarman.
4. Sanskrit Vikramādityabāṇarāja.
5. Sanskrit Mahābalibāṇarāja.
6. Literally: which come.
7. Literally: having paid taxes.
8. In line 39.
9. S. Palaniappan pointed out that paricari-ttal means "to assist the priests by carrying out the tasks as ordered by the priests" (see SII 19.62, line 1).
10. SII tentatively translated this word by "store-room".
11. Sanskrit bali.
12. In line 40.
13. Literally: the anointing of the glorious body.
14. SII translated this word by "bark".
15. That is, the members of the assembly of this Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala.
16. That is, an endowment of property for temple-worship.

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<change who="part:emfr" when="2021-06-15">Creation of the file on therepository</change>

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<ab>

<lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi>

</ab>

ti<unclear>ru-ma</unclear>ṇṭapam iḻicci-y e<unclear>ṭu</unclear>ppa

<lb n="2" break="no"/>taṟku muṉp-uḷḷa cilālēkai-p-paṭi

<lb n="3"/>kō-vi<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>ya-nan=ti-vikkirima-pa<hi rend="grantha">nma</hi>r<unclear>k</unclear>ku yā<unclear>ṇ</unclear>ṭu <num value="17"><g type="numeral">10</g> 7</num>

<lb n="4" break="no"/>-Āvatu

paṭu<unclear>vūr</unclear>-k-<unclear>kompu</unclear>-kōṭṭattu mīyāṟu-nāṭṭu-t t<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>kk<unclear>ā</unclear>

<lb n="5" break="no"/>livallam-u<unclear>ṭ</unclear>aiya <hi rend="grantha">parameśva</hi>rar<unclear>k=ku</unclear>

<lb n="6"/>I<choice><orig>ṉ-ṉ</orig><reg>n-n</reg></choice>ā<unclear>ṭṭu</unclear> Aim<unclear>pū</unclear>ṇiyum vi

<lb n="7" break="no"/>ḷattūrum It-tēvar tē<unclear>va</unclear>

<lb n="8" break="no"/>tā<unclear>ṉa</unclear>m Ama<unclear>ru</unclear>ṉṟi-maṅka<unclear>lamu</unclear>

<lb n="9" break="no"/>m viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramā

<lb n="10" break="no"/>titta-c-caturvvēti-maṅ

<lb n="11" break="no"/>kalam eṉṉum pērā

<lb n="12" break="no"/>l Ēka-k-kirāmam-āka mā-vali

<lb n="13" break="no"/>-vāṇa-rāyaṉ-ā<unclear>ṉa</unclear> vik<unclear>ki</unclear>ramā<unclear>tit</unclear>ta

<lb n="14" break="no"/>-vāṇa-rāyaṉ viṇṇappat<unclear>t</unclear>ālu

<lb n="15" break="no"/>m kāṭupa<unclear>ṭ</unclear>ṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-<unclear>p</unclear>ēra<supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied><unclear>ya</unclear>ṉ

<lb n="16"/>Āṇattiyālum Ēka-k-kirāmam ākki <unclear>I</unclear>v<unclear>v-a</unclear>

<lb n="17" break="no"/><unclear>ma</unclear>ruṉṟi-maṅkalamu<choice><orig>ṉṉ</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> it-tī<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>k<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>rālivalla

<lb n="18" break="no"/>m-uṭaiya <hi rend="grantha">parameśva</hi>rarkku Iṟuttu va

<lb n="19" break="no"/><unclear>ru</unclear>kiṉṟa <g type="nel"/> Iraṇṭ’ āyira-k kāṭiyum

<lb n="20" break="no"/>po<choice><orig>ṉṉ</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> irupatiṉ kaḻañcum iv-vi

<lb n="21" break="no"/>ṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-cat<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>u</corr></choice>r

<lb n="22" break="no"/>vvēti-maṅkalattu-c cavaiyār

<lb n="23"/>Iṟuppār ākavum

i<choice><orig>ṉ-ṉ</orig><reg>n-n</reg></choice>ellil-t <unclear>ti</unclear>

<lb n="24" break="no"/>ru-v-amirtukku nellu Aṟu nūṟṟu

<lb n="25" break="no"/>-k kāṭiyum tiru-v-uṇṇāḻikaiyu<choice><orig>ḷḷ</orig><reg>ḷ</reg></choice> ār<unclear>ā</unclear>

<lb n="26" break="no"/>ti<unclear>t</unclear>tu-p par<choice><orig>a</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>carikkum <hi rend="grantha">śiva</hi>-<hi rend="grantha">brāhma</hi>ṇa

<lb n="27" break="no"/>rkku nellu Ai<choice><orig>ñ</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>

<lb n="28" break="no"/>-<choice><orig>ñ</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>ūṟṟu-k kāṭiyum <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-pa

<lb n="29" break="no"/>li-koṭṭuvārk=ku nellu

<lb n="30"/>Ai<choice><orig>ñ-ñ</orig><reg>n-n</reg></choice>ūṟṟu-k= kā<unclear>ṭiyu</unclear>m

<lb n="31"/>tiru-p-paḷḷittāmam

<lb n="32"/>paṟippārkkum tiru-p

<lb n="33" break="no"/>-patiyam pāṭuvār uḷḷi

<lb n="34" break="no"/>ṭṭa pala paṇi ceyvār

<lb n="35" break="no"/>kku nellu nā-nūṟṟu

<lb n="36" break="no"/>-k kāṭiyum tiru-<choice><sic>k</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>o<unclear>n=t</unclear>ā

<lb n="37"/>viḷakkukkum tiru-mey-p-pūccuk<unclear>kum</unclear>

<lb n="38"/>citārik<unclear>ku</unclear>maṟṟum <hi rend="grantha">khaṇḍas<choice><sic>p</sic><corr>ph</corr></choice>uṭi</hi>ta-na<unclear>va</unclear>ka

<lb n="39" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">nm</hi><hi rend="grantha"><unclear>ā</unclear></hi>tikaḷuk=ku<choice><orig>mm</orig><reg>m</reg></choice> āka-p p<unclear>o</unclear>ṉ I<unclear>rupa</unclear>ti

<lb n="40" break="no"/>ṉ kaḻañcum Āka I<choice><orig>ṉ-<unclear>ṉ</unclear></orig><reg>n-n</reg></choice><unclear>e</unclear>llum

<lb n="41"/>Ip-poṉṉu<unclear>m</unclear> It-tēvaṟk=ku

<lb n="42"/>cantrātittava<choice><orig>ll</orig><reg>l</reg></choice> iṟuppārkaḷ ā

<lb n="43" break="no"/><unclear>ka</unclear>vum

Ip-paricu nivan=tam-āka

<lb n="44" break="no"/>-c ceytu kuṭuttō<unclear>m</unclear>

<lb n="45"/><hi rend="grantha">Id-<choice><sic>dhmamama</sic><corr>dharmmam</corr></choice> panmāhe

<lb n="46" break="no"/><unclear>śva</unclear>ra-rakṣai</hi> <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g> <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g>

</div>

<!--<app loc="0">

</app>-->

</app>

<lem>par<choice><orig>a</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>carikkum</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01">pācarikkum</rdg>

</app>

<lem><hi rend="grantha">khaṇḍas<choice><sic>p</sic><corr>ph</corr></choice>uṭi</hi>ta-na<unclear>va</unclear>ka

<lb n="39" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">nm</hi><hi rend="grantha"><unclear>ā</unclear></hi>tikkaḷuk=um</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"><hi rend="grantha">khaṇḍaspuṭi</hi>ta-na<unclear>va</unclear>ka

<lb n="39" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">nm</hi><hi rend="grantha"><unclear>ā</unclear></hi>tikkaḷuk=um</rdg>

<note><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/> notes that this has to be read <foreign><hi rend="grantha">sphuṭita</hi>-nava<hi rend="grantha">karmādi</hi></foreign>. On the phrase <foreign>khaṇḍaspuṭita</foreign>, see <bibl>

</bibl>.</note>

</app>

<note>In <foreign>o</foreign>, only the <foreign>kompu</foreign> element is unclear.</note>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

Prosperity! Fortune!

<supplied reason="subaudible">This is a</supplied> copy of a stone-inscription<note>Literally: according to <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṭi</foreign></supplied> a stone-inscription.</note> which existed before the reconstruction <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iḻicci-y eṭuppataṟku</foreign><note>Literally: before constructing <supplied reason="subaudible">anew</supplied> having destroyed <supplied reason="subaudible">the old structure</supplied>.</note></supplied> of the glorious pillared hall <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiru-maṇṭapam</foreign></supplied>.

17th year of the victorious king Nantivikkiramapanmar.<note>Sanskrit Nandivikramavarman.</note>

For the great lord of Tīkkālivallam in the Mīyāṟunāṭu in the Paṭuvūrkompukōṭṭam,

in this <supplied reason="subaudible">same</supplied> <foreign>nāṭu</foreign>, <supplied reason="subaudible">in</supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">the villages of</supplied> Aimpūṇi, Viḷattūr, and Amaruṉṟi-maṅgala, a <foreign>devadāna</foreign> of this <supplied reason="subaudible">same</supplied> god

― <supplied reason="subaudible">now</supplied> as a single village, under the name <quote>Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala</quote> ―

having become a single village, at the request of Vikkkiramātittavānarāyaṉ<note>Sanskrit Vikramādityabāṇarāja.</note> alias Māvalivāṇarāyaṉ<note>Sanskrit Mahābalibāṇarāja.</note> <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied> by execution <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āṇatti</foreign></supplied> of Kāṭupaṭṭi-t-tamiḻ-p-pērarayaṉ ―

the members of the assembly of this Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala should pay as taxes <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṟuppār ākavum</foreign></supplied> two thousands <foreign>kāṭi</foreign>s of paddy and twenty <foreign>kaḻañcu</foreign>s of gold

which used to come <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>varukiṉṟa</foreign><note>Literally: which come.</note></supplied> before <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>muṉ</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">from</supplied> this Amaruṉṟi-maṅgala as tax payment <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṟuttu</foreign><note>Literally: having paid taxes.</note></supplied>

for this great lord of Tīkkālivallam in the Mīyāṟunāṭu.

So that there be <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āka</foreign><note>In line 39.</note></supplied> from this paddy

<list>

<item>for sacred food offerings <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruvamirtukku</foreign></supplied>: six hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign>s of paddy</item>

<item>for the Śivabrāhmaṇas who offer worship <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ārātittu</foreign></supplied> and assist the priests <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paricarikkum</foreign><note>S. Palaniappan pointed out that <foreign>paricari-ttal</foreign> means "to assist the priests by carrying out the tasks as ordered by the priests" (see SII 19.62, line 1).</note></supplied> in the glorious innermost sanctuary <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiru-v-uṇṇāḵikai</foreign><note><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/> tentatively translated this word by "store-room".</note></supplied>: five hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign>s of paddy</item>

<item>for those who beat <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>koṭṭuvārkku</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">drums</supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">at the time</supplied> of the glorious <foreign>pali</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">offering</supplied><note>Sanskrit <foreign>bali</foreign>.</note>: five hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign>s of paddy</item>

<item>for those who pick <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṟippārkkum</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">flowers to make</supplied> the glorious flower-garlands <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiru-p-paḷḷittāmam</foreign></supplied> and for those who do many services, including those who sing <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pāṭuvār</foreign></supplied> the glorious hymns <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiru-p-patiyam</foreign></supplied>: four hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign>s of paddy</item>

</list>

and so that there be <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āka</foreign><note>In line 40.</note></supplied> twenty <foreign>kaḻañcu</foreign>s of gold

<list>

<item>for glorious perpetual lamps</item>

<item>for anointing of the idol<note>Literally: the anointing of the glorious body.</note></item>

<item>for incense <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>citāri</foreign><note><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/> translated this word by "bark".</note></supplied> and for repairing breaks and cracks</item>

</list>

this paddy and this gold, they<note>That is, the members of the assembly of this Viṭēlviṭuku-vikkiramātitta-c-caturvedimaṅgala.</note> should pay <supplied reason="subaudible">it</supplied> as tax <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṟuppārkaḷ ākavum</foreign></supplied>

to this god as long as the moon and the sun.

In this manner, having made a <foreign>nibandha</foreign><note>That is, an endowment of property for temple-worship.</note>, we have given it.

This pious donation is <supplied reason="subaudible">under</supplied> the protection of the Panmāheśvaras.

</div>

Hail! Prosperity! <supplied reason="subaudible">The following is</supplied> a copy of a stone inscription which existed before the <foreign>maṇḍapa</foreign> of the temple had been pulled down and re-erected.

In the 17th year <supplied reason="subaudible">of the reign</supplied> of king Vijaya-Nandivikramavarman.

Māvalivāṇarāya, <foreign>alias</foreign> Vikkiramādittavāṇarāya, <supplied reason="subaudible">had made</supplied> the request that <supplied reason="subaudible">to the temple of</supplied> Parameśvara <supplied reason="explanation">Śiva</supplied> at Tīkkāli-Vallam in Mīyāṟṟu-nāṭu, <supplied reason="explanation">a subdivision</supplied> of Paṭuvūr-kōṭṭam, <supplied reason="subaudible">should be given three villages</supplied> in the same <foreign>nāṭu</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible"><foreign>viz.</foreign></supplied> Aim<unclear>pū</unclear>ṇi, Viḷattūr and Amaruṉṟimaṅkalam, a <foreign>devadāna</foreign> of this god, <supplied reason="subaudible">and that they should be clubbed together into</supplied> one village, named Viṭelviṭuku-Vikkiramāditta-caturvēdimaṅgalam.

In conformity with <supplied reason="subaudible">this request</supplied>, and Kāṭupaṭṭi-Tamiḻa-Pērarayaṉ being the executor, <supplied reason="subaudible">the three villages</supplied> were made into one village.

The members of the assembly of this Viṭelviṭuku-Vikkiramāditta-caturvētimaṅgalam shall have to pay two thousand <foreign>kāṭi</foreign> of paddy and twenty <foreign>kalañcu</foreign> of gold, which were being paid before by this Amaruṉṟimaṅkalam to this <supplied reason="subaudible">temple of</supplied> Parameśvara at Tīkkāli-Vallam.

Of this paddy, six hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign> of paddy <foreign>are allotted</foreign> for offerings; hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign> of paddy to the Śiva-Brāhmaṇas who desire to be fed, beginning with those in charge of the store-room of the temple; five hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign> of paddy to those who beat <supplied reason="subaudible">drums before</supplied> oblations; four hundred <foreign>kāṭi</foreign> of paddy to those who pick <supplied reason="subaudible">flowers for</supplied> temple garlands, and to those who perform various <supplied reason="subaudible">other</supplied> services, including the singers of the <foreign>Tiruppatiyam</foreign>; and twenty <foreign>kalañcu</foreign> of gold for the perpetual lamps, for anointing the idol, for bark, and for repairing breaks and cracks, etc.

<supplied reason="subaudible">The members of the assembly</supplied> shall have to pay this paddy and this gold to this god as long as the moon and the sun exist.

In this manner we have given <supplied reason="subaudible">the village</supplied> for <supplied reason="subaudible">providing</supplied> the necessaries.

This charity <supplied reason="subaudible">is placed under</supplied> the protection of all <foreign>Māheśvaras</foreign>.

</div>

<!--<div type="commentary">

</div>-->

Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1889-1890_01"/></bibl> (ARIE/1889-1890/B/1890/1a).

Edited and translated in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl> (SII 3.43).

Text and summary in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Mahalingam1988_01"/></bibl> (IP 132).

Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Canmukam2021_01"/></bibl>

This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis, based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl>. This translation by Emmanuel Francis.

Thanks to Dr. N. Marxia Gandhi and Sudalaimuthu Palaniappan for their input for the improved reading in line 26, and to Mani Manivannan for photographic documentation.

</bibl>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</bibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>

<!--

Encoded (duplicate encoding) by RD

ti<unclear>ruma</unclear>ṇṭapam iḻicci y-<unclear>eṭu</unclear>ppa

<lb n="2" break="no"/>taṟku muṉ puḷḷa cilā-lekai-p paṭi

<lb n="3"/>kōvi<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>yanan=ti vikkiramapa<hi rend="grantha">nma</hi>r<unclear>k</unclear>ku yā<unclear>ṇ</unclear>ṭu 17

<lb n="4"/>Āvatu paṭu<unclear>vūr</unclear>-k koṭṭattumīyāṟunāṭṭu-t tikk<unclear>ā</unclear>

<lb n="5" break="no"/>livallamu<unclear>ṭai</unclear>ya <hi rend="grantha">parameśvarar</hi>k=ku

<lb n="6"/>I<choice><orig>ṉ-ṉ</orig><reg>n-n</reg></choice>ā<unclear>ṭṭu</unclear> <hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>m<unclear>pū</unclear>ṇiyum vi

<lb n="7" break="no"/>ḷattūrum It-tēvar tē<unclear>va</unclear>

<lb n="8"/>tā<unclear>ṉa</unclear>m Ama<unclear>ru</unclear>ṉṟimaṅka<unclear>lamu</unclear>

<lb n="9" break="no"/>m viṭelviṭukuvi-k kiramā

<lb n="10" break="no"/>titta-c catūrvvetimaṅ

<lb n="11" break="no"/>kalam eṉṉum perā

<lb n="12" break="no"/>l Ekkakirāmamāka māvali

<lb n="13" break="no"/>vāṇarāyaṉā<unclear>ṉa</unclear> vik<unclear>ki</unclear>ramā<unclear>tit</unclear>ta

<lb n="14" break="no"/>vāṇarāyaṉ viṇṇappa-t tālu

<lb n="15" break="no"/>m kāṭupaṭṭi-t tamiḻ ap-<unclear>p</unclear>era<supplied reason="lost">ra</supplied><unclear>ya</unclear>ṉ

<lb n="16"/>Āṇattiyālum Ekakkirāmam ākki <unclear>I</unclear>v<unclear>va</unclear>

<lb n="17" break="no"/>maruṉ ṟimaṅkalamuṉṉi-t tī<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>karalivalla

<lb n="18" break="no"/>m uṭaiya <hi rend="grantha">parameśva</hi>rarkku Iṟuttu va

<lb n="19" break="no"/><unclear>ru</unclear>kiṉṟa <g type="nel"></g> Iraṇṭāyira-k kāṭiyum

<lb n="20"/><gap quantity="3" unit="character" reason="illegible"></gap>ṉirupatiṉ kaḻañcum iv-vi

<lb n="21" break="no"/>ṭelviṭuku vikkiramātittaccat<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>r

<lb n="22" break="no"/>v- vetimaṅkalattu-c cavaiyār

<lb n="23"/>Iṟuppār ākavum iṉ-ṉellil-t <unclear>ti</unclear>

<lb n="24" break="no"/>ruvamirtukku nellu Aṟunūṟṟu

<lb n="25" break="no"/>-k kāṭiyum tiruvuṇṇāḻikai y-uḷḷārā

<lb n="26" break="no"/>ti<unclear>t</unclear>tu-p pācarikkum <hi rend="grantha"><unclear>śiva</unclear>brāhma</hi>ṇa

<lb n="27" break="no"/>rkku nellu Aiñ

<lb n="28" break="no"/>ñūṟṟu-k kāṭiyum <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>pa

<lb n="29" break="no"/>li koṭṭuvārk=ku nellu

<lb n="30"/>Aiññūṟṟu kā<unclear>ṭiyu</unclear>m

<lb n="31"/>tiruppaḷḷi-t-tāmam

<lb n="32"/>paṟippārkkum tirup

<lb n="33" break="no"/>patiyam pāṭuvār uḷḷi

<lb n="34" break="no"/>ṭṭa palapaṇi ceyvār

<lb n="35" break="no"/>kku nellu nānūṟṟu

<lb n="36"/>-k kāṭiyum tiru<choice><sic>k</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>o<unclear>n=t</unclear>ā

<lb n="37"/>viḷakkukkum tirumēyppūccuk<hi rend="grantha">kum</hi>

<lb n="38"/>citārik<unclear>ku</unclear> maṟṟum <hi rend="grantha">khaṇḍaspu<choice><orig>ḍ</orig><reg>ṭ</reg></choice>i</hi>tana<unclear>va</unclear>ka

<lb n="39"/><hi rend="grantha">nm<unclear>ā</unclear></hi>tikaḷuk=kum <surplus>m</surplus>āka-p p<unclear>o</unclear>ṉ Irupati [@reda: goes in the apparatus]

<lb n="40"/>ṉ kaḻañcum Āka I<choice><orig>ṉ</orig><reg>n</reg></choice><choice><orig><unclear>ṉ</unclear></orig><reg>n</reg></choice>ellum

<lb n="41"/>Ip-poṉṉu<unclear>m</unclear> It-tēvaṟk=ku

<lb n="42"/>can=t<hi rend="grantha">rā</hi>tittaval-l iṟuppārkaḷ ā

<lb n="43"/>kavum Ip-paricu nivan=tam āka

<lb n="44"/>c- ceytu kuṭuttō<unclear>m</unclear>

<lb n="45"/>I<hi rend="grantha"><choice><sic>dhd</sic><corr>ddh</corr></choice>amam</hi> <hi rend="grantha">panmāhe</hi>

<lb n="46"/><hi rend="grantha"><unclear>śva</unclear>ra-rakṣai</hi> <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g>-->