Vilāppākkam, time of Nantippōttaracar, year 50

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Rock inscription recording the installation of an image of Poṉṉiyakkiyār and Nākaṇandi by Nāraṇaṉ (Nārāyaṇa), son of Maruttuvar of Pukaḻālaimaṅkalam.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Tamil (tamil)].

Version: 2025-10-30 16:41 (152e922), last modified 2025-09-24 16:03 (df3f0d0).

Edition

⟨1⟩ nanti-p-pōtt-araca(r)kku A¡y!(m)pat-āvatu nāka-(ṇa)ndi-kura(var)

⟨2⟩ (Iru)kka poṉṉiya(k)kiy(ā)r paṭimam koṭṭuvittā(ṉ)

⟨3⟩ pu(ka)ḻālai-maṅka(la)ttu maruttuvar makaṉ nāraṇa-

⟨4⟩ ṉ

Translation by Venkayya 1896–1897¹

In the fiftieth [year] of Nandippōttaracar,— Nāraṇaṉ (Nārāyaṇa), the son of Maruttuvar² of Pugaḻālaimaṅkalam, caused to be engraved an image of Poṉṉiyakkiyār, along with³ the preceptor (gurava)⁴ Nāgaṇandi (Nāganandin).

Translation

Fiftieth [year] of Nantippōttaracar.⁵

Nāraṇaṉ,⁶ son of Maruttuvar of Pukaḻālaimaṅkalam, caused to be engraved [this] image of Poṉṉiyakkiyār accompanied with (irukka) the Preceptor Nākaṇandi.

Commentary

⟨1⟩ nāka(ṇa)ndi-kura(var Iru)kka. Literally: while the Preceptor Nākaṇandi is present.

Add note on the sculptures accompanying the inscription. Cf. EI.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1894-95 (ARIE/1894-1895/B/1895/10).

Edited in Venkayya 1896–1897 (EI 4.14), with visual documentation and English translation. Text and summary in Mahalingam 1988 (IP 85).

This revised edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on the visual documentation published in Venkayya 1896–1897.

Primary

[IP] Mahalingam, T. V. 1988. Inscriptions of the Pallavas. New Delhi; Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Agam Prakashan. Item 85.

[EI] Venkayya, V. 1896–1897. “Jain rock-inscriptions at Panchapandavamalai.” EI 4, pp. 136–140. Item A, pages 136–137.

Secondary

[ARIE] ARIE 1894-95. G.O., &c., Nos. 855, 856, 12th October 1895. Epigraphy. Forwarding to the Government of India report on the Epigraphical work accomplished during 1894-95, and approving of the programme of work for the next field season. Edited by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department, 1895. Page 10, appendix B/1895, item 10.

Notes

1. Text standardised according to DHARMA transliteration scheme.
2. The word maruttuvaṉ means ‘a physician.’ In the present case it seems to be the proper name of a person.
3. Literally: while there is present.
4. On this word, which appears to be derived from the honorific plural of guru, see South-Indian Inscriptions, Vol. II. p. 251, note 3.
5. Sanskrit Nandin + Tamil Pōttaraicar. That is, the Pallava king Nandivarman.
6. Sanskrit Nārāyaṇa.

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<p>Fiftieth <supplied reason="subaudible">year</supplied> of Nantippōttaracar.<note>Sanskrit Nandin + Tamil Pōttaraicar. That is, the Pallava king Nandivarman.</note></p>

<p>Nāraṇaṉ,<note>Sanskrit Nārāyaṇa.</note> son of Maruttuvar of Pukaḻālaimaṅkalam, caused to be engraved <supplied reason="subaudible">this</supplied> image of Poṉṉiyakkiyār accompanied with <supplied reason="explanation">irukka</supplied> the Preceptor Nākaṇandi.</p>

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<foreign>nāka<unclear>ṇa</unclear>ndi-kura<unclear>var Iru</unclear>kka</foreign>. Literally: while the Preceptor Nākaṇandi is present.

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Add note on the sculptures accompanying the inscription. Cf. EI.

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Vilāppākkam, time of Nantippōttaracar, year 50

Edition

Translation by Venkayya 1896–18971

Translation

Commentary

Bibliography

Primary

Secondary

Notes

Translation by Venkayya 1896–1897¹