Gold Foils from the Khin Ba Mound Relic Chamber

Version: (899538b), last modified (899538b).

Edition

⟨Page 1⟩⟨marginleft: 2⟩

⟨1⟩ * siddhaM ∥ Āvijjapaccayā saṅkhāra saṅkhārapaccayā viññaṇa

⟨2⟩ viññaṇapacca◯yā nāmarūpaṁ _ nāmarūpapaccayā ◯ saḷāyatanaṁ

⟨3⟩ saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso _ phassapaccayā vedanā _ vedanapaccayā

⟨Page 2⟩⟨marginleft: 3⟩

⟨4⟩ taṇhā _ taṇhapaccayā Upādanā _ Upādānapaccayā bhavo _ bhavapaccayā

⟨5⟩ jāti _ jātipa◯ccayā jarāmaraṇaṁ _ sokaparidevi◯ta_ duẖ(kha)do-

⟨6⟩ manassūpāyāsa sambhava(n)ti _ Evam etassa kevalassa dukkhakhandha-

⟨Page 3⟩⟨marginleft: 4⟩

⟨7⟩ ssa samudayo _ hotī ti _ Āvijjāya tv eva Asesavirāganirodhā

⟨8⟩ saṅkhāranirodho ◯ saṅkhāranirodhā viññaṇanirodho ◯ viññaṇanirodhā

⟨9⟩ nāmarūpanirodho _ nāmarūpanirodhā _ saḷāyatananirodho _ saḷāya-

⟨Page 4⟩⟨marginleft: 5⟩

⟨10⟩ tananirodhā _ phassanirodho _ phassanirodhā vedanānīrodho _

⟨11⟩ vedananirodhā ◯ taṇhanirodho _ taṇhanirodhā Upa◯dānanirodho

⟨12⟩ upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho bhavanirodhā jātinirodho _

⟨Page 5⟩⟨marginleft: 6⟩

⟨13⟩ jātinirodhā _ jarāmaraṇasokaparidevitaduẖkhadomanassūpāyā-

⟨14⟩ sa nirūjjhantī ti ◯ Evam etassa kevalassa duẖkha◯khandhassa nirodho

⟨15⟩ hotī ti @∥@∥@ UdayavayabhaṅgabhayaAdinnavaniccidamuṁjatuUpekkha

⟨Page 6⟩⟨marginleft: 7⟩

⟨16⟩ (siddham) siddha _ cattāro satipaṭthānā _ cattāro samappadhāna _ cattāro Iddhippādā

⟨17⟩ pañcindriyani ◯ pañca balāni _ satta bājñaṅgāni ◯ Ariyo Aṭṭha-

⟨18⟩ ṅgiko maggo 30 7 cattarimāni bhikkhuve tathā(ga)tassa vesārajjāni

⟨Page 7⟩⟨marginleft: 8⟩

⟨19⟩ yehi vesārajjehi samannāgato tathā(ga)to _ Āsabhan thānaṁ paṭi-

⟨20⟩ jānāti pari◯sāsu sihanādaṁ nadati _ (b)rahma◯cakkam (v)atteti –

⟨21⟩ katamāni cattāri _ sammāsaṁbuddhassa te paṭijānāti _ Ime dhammā

⟨Page 8⟩⟨marginleft: 9⟩

⟨22⟩ Anābhisaṁbuddhā ti _ tattra vata maṁ samaṇo vā _ brāhmaṇo vā _ devo vā _

⟨23⟩ māro vā _ ◯ ko ci vā lokasmiṁ sahadhammena pa◯ṭicodessantī ti

⟨24⟩ nimittam etaṁ bhikkhave na samanupassāmi _ Etaṁ pāhaṁ bhik(kh)ave nim(i)tta-

⟨Page 9⟩⟨marginleft: 10⟩

⟨25⟩ m etaṁ _ Asamanupassanto khemāpatto _ Abhayapatto _ vesārajjāpatto

⟨26⟩ viharāmi 1 _ ◯ khīṇāsavassa te paṭijānanto _ ◯ Ime Āsavā

⟨27⟩ Aparikkhīṇā ti _ tattrā vata maṁ samaṇo vā _ brāhmaṇo vā _ devo vā _

⟨Page 10⟩⟨marginleft: 11⟩

⟨28⟩ māro vā _ ko ci vā lokasmiṁ _ sahadhammena paṭicodessantī ti _ nimittam e-

⟨29⟩ taṁ bhikkhave na sa◯manupassāmi _ Etaṁ pāhaṁ bhikkhave ◯ nimittaṁ Asa-

⟨30⟩ manupassanto _ khemapatto Abhayapatto vesarajjāpatto viharāmi 2

⟨Page 11⟩⟨marginleft: 2 10⟩

⟨31⟩ ye kho pana te Antarāyikā dhammā vuttā te paṭisevanto nālaṁ Antara-

⟨32⟩ yāyāti tattra ◯ vata maṁ samaṇo vā _ brāhmaṇo vā ◯ devo vā māro

⟨33⟩ vā ko ci vā lokasmiṁ sahadhammena paṭicodessatī ti nimittam etaṁ

⟨Page 12⟩⟨marginleft: 3 10⟩

⟨34⟩ bhikkhave na samanupassāmi _ Etaṁ pāhaṁ bhikkhave nimittaṁ Asamanu-

⟨35⟩ passanto khe◯mapatto Abhayapatto vesā◯rajjāpatto

⟨36⟩ viharāmi 3 yassa kho pana te Atthāya dhammo desito _ so na nī-

⟨Page 13⟩⟨marginleft: 4 10⟩

⟨37⟩ yati takkarassa sammadukkhakhayāyā ti _ tattra vata maṁ samaṇo vā _ (bra)hma-

⟨38⟩ ṇo ⬦ brāhmaṇo Falk 1997. vā _ devo vā ◯ māro vā _ ko ci vā lokasmiṁ saha◯dhammena paṭico-

⟨39⟩ dessanti ti _ nimittam etaṁ bhikkhave na samanupassāmi _ Etaṁ pāhaṁ bhikkha-

⟨Page 14⟩⟨marginleft: 5 10⟩

⟨40⟩ ve nīmittaṁ Asamanupassanto khemapatto Abhayapatto viha-

⟨41⟩ rāmi Imā◯ni kho bhikkhave _ cattāri tathāgata◯ssa vesāra-

⟨42⟩ jjānītī ti ∥@ katamehi bhagavā _ cuddasehi buddhañāṇe-

⟨Page 15⟩⟨marginleft: 6 10⟩

⟨43⟩ hi samannāgato tathāgato _ duẖkhe ñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇaṁ _ dukkhasamudaye

⟨44⟩ ñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇaṁ ◯ 2 dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇaṁ 2 ◯ dukkhanirodha-

⟨45⟩ gāmini paṭipade ñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇa 4 At(th)apaṭisaṁbhide ñāṇaṁ

⟨Page 16⟩⟨marginleft: 7 10⟩

⟨46⟩ buddhañāṇaṁ 5 _ dhammapaṭisaṁbhide ñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇaṁ 6 nirūtti-

⟨47⟩ paṭisaṁbhide ◯ ñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇaṁ 7 paṭibhāna◯paṭisabhi-

⟨48⟩ de ñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇaṁ 8 yamakapaṭiherañāṇaṁ _ buddhañāṇaṁ 9

⟨Page 17⟩⟨marginleft: 8 10⟩

⟨49⟩ vehākarūṇasamāpattiyā ñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇaṁ savvaññutañāṇaṁ buddha-

⟨50⟩ ñāṇaṁ Anāva◯raṇāñāṇaṁ buddhañāṇa _ Ime◯hi bhagavā

⟨51⟩ cuddasehi buddhañāṇehi samannāgato ti ti ∥@

⟨Page 18⟩⟨marginleft: 9 10⟩

⟨52⟩ maggānaṭṭhaṅgiko seṭṭho _ saccānaṁ caturo padā _ virāgo se-

⟨53⟩ ṭṭho dhammānaṁ ◯ dīpadānaṁ cecakkhumā ti ∥@ ◯ siṁddhaṁ _ danto dantehi

⟨54⟩ saha puraṇajaṭilehi vippamuttehi _ siṁginikasavaṇṇo rājāgahaṁ pavisi bhagavā 1

⟨Page 19⟩

⟨55⟩ mutto muttehi saha puraṇajaṭilehi _ sigini(kasa)vaṇṇo rājāgahaṁ pavisi bhagavā _ 2

⟨56⟩ tiṇṇo tiṇṇehi sa◯ha puraṇajaṭilehi _ vippamuttehi _ siginika◯vaṇṇo rājāgahaṁ pa-

⟨57⟩ visi bhagavā 3 dasabale dasavāso dasadhaṁma cupeto _ so dasasataṁparivaro rājagahaṁ pavisi bha-

⟨58⟩ gavā 4 yo dhiro sabbadhi danto suddho Appaṭipuggalo Arahaṁ sugato loke tassahaṁ parivarako ti ∥@

⟨Page 20⟩

⟨59⟩ @∥ Iti pi so tagavā Arahaṁ saṁmāsaṁbuddho vijjācaraṇasaṁpanno sugato lokavidū Anutta(r)o

⟨60⟩ purisadaṁmasārathī ◯ satthā devāmanussānā(ṁ) bundho bhagavā ti ◯ sukhi bhavatu | 5

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ 30 7 • See Falk’s comment on what he interprets as a closing punctuation mark on p. 63.

⟨2⟩ viññaṇapacca◯yā ⬦ viññaṇāpacca◯yā Falk 1997.

⟨8⟩ viññaṇanirodho ◯ viññaṇanirodhā ⬦ viññāṇanirodho viññāṇanirodhā Falk 1997.

⟨15⟩ niccida ⬦ nibbida Falk 1997. — ⟨15⟩ Upekkha ⬦ Upekkhā Falk 1997.

⟨18⟩ 30 7 ⬦ Schlußzeichen Falk 1997.

⟨20⟩ (v)atteti – ⬦ vatteti Falk 1997.

⟨37⟩ (bra)hma⟨38⟩ṇo

⟨44⟩ 2 ⬦ 3 Falk 1997.

⟨49⟩ vehā ⬦ mahā Falk 1997.

⟨53⟩ ce ⬦ ca Falk 1997.

⟨57⟩ dasavāso ⬦ dasavāsa Falk 1997.

⟨59⟩ tagavā ⬦ bhagavā Falk 1997. — ⟨59⟩ lokavidū Anutta(r)o ⬦ lokavidu Anuttano Falk 1997.

⟨60⟩ devāmanussānā(ṁ) bundho ⬦ devāmanussānā buddho Falk 1997. — ⟨60⟩ | 5 ⬦ Schlußzeichen Falk 1997.

Commentary

18. <tathāgatassa>: the <ga> is poorly realized, approaching <ta> in shape; see line 19.

19. <tathāgato>: the <ga> is poorly realized, approaching <ta> in shape; see line 18.

20. <brahmacakkam>: for the same unusual shape of <b>, see line 37.

37. <brahmacakkam>: for the same unusual shape of <b>, see line 20.

43. <duẖkhe>: the scribe rather seems to have written <dumbe>.

Bibliography

The discovery of excerpts in Pali from the Abhidhamma and Vinaya inscribed on 20 gold leaves (in the style of palm-leaf manuscripts) was first reported in No name N.d., pp. 1926–27: 178–80, 200–1. The inscription was carefully edited by Lu Pe Win in ASB. A complete Burmese transcription appears in Tha Myat [sā mrat] 1963, pp. 25–33. Luce 1985, pp. I, 139, provides an overview and a summary of earlier literature. Than Hswe [sanḥ chve] 1992 is a study of the script used for the inscription. Falk 1997 provides a Romanized transliteration with notes. Finally, Stargardt 2000, pp. 22, 24–7, includes a detailed description of “The Golden Pali Text” with commentary. Re-edited here from published photographs.

Primary

Griffiths, Arlo, Marc Miyake & Julian K. Wheatley. 2018–03–26. “Corpus of Pyu inscriptions.” Zenodo. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1207290. [URL]. Item DHARMA_INSPYU00045.

Secondary

Than Hswe [sanḥ chve]. 1991. pyū cā khaṅ bha rhve pe khyap dhāt puṁ myāḥ [Photographs of the Pyū Text of the Khin Bha Gold Leaves]. Yangon: Myanmar Literature Association.