Slab from Top of Htingonsu Hill, Kunzeik

Authors of digital edition: Arlo Griffiths (argr), D. Christian Lammerts (dcla).

Language: Pali (pli) [Script (other) (script_other)].

Repository: Pyu Epigraphy (tfc-pyu-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPYU00040.

File path: DHARMA_INSPYU00040.xml.

Version: (bd0ad9f), last modified (bd0ad9f).

Edition

Part A

⟨1⟩ |||| tena samayena _ buddho bhagavā Uruvelāyaṁ viharati na(jjā) [ne]-

⟨2⟩ ra(ñja)[r]ātire bodhirukkhamūle _ pathamābhisaṁbudddho Atha kho bhagavā bodh[iru]-

⟨3⟩ [k]khamūle sattāhaṁ Ekapallaṅkena nisīdi vimuttisukhapaṭisaṁvedi Atha [kho]

⟨4⟩ bhagavā [ra]ttiyā pathamaṁ yāmaṁ paṭicchasamuppādaṁ A(nulo)mapaṭilomaṁ mana(s)[ākāsi]

⟨5⟩ Avijjāpaccayā sakhārā saṁkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṁ vi[ññā]ṇapaccayā nāmarūpaṁ (nā)[marūpa]-

⟨6⟩ paccayā salāyatanaṁ salāyatanapac[c]ayā pha(ss)[o] phassapaccayā vedanā vedan[ā](pacca)-

⟨7⟩ yā taṇhā taṇhāpacayā Upādānaṁ U(pādā)napaccayā bhavo bhavapaccayā jāti jātipaccayā

⟨8⟩ jarāmaraṇa sokaparidevadukkhadoma(na)ssa U(pā)yāsā saṁbhavanti [1 illegible chars]vam etassa kemalassa dukkhakkhandha-

⟨9⟩ samudayo hoti Avijjāya vvava A(s)e(sa)viroganirodhā saṁkhāranirodho saṁkhāranirodhā viññāṇaniro[dho]

⟨10⟩ (vi)ññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodhā nāmarūpanirodhā salāyatananirodho (sa)lāyatananirodhā phassa[ni]-

⟨11⟩ [ro]dho phassanirodhā vedanānirodho vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho taṇhānirodhā Upādānanirodho Upādā(na)-

⟨12⟩ (n)irodhā bhavanirodho bhavanirodhā jātinirodho jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇasokaparideva-

⟨13⟩ dukkhadomanassa Upāyāsā nijjhanti Evam (e)tassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa ni(ro)-

⟨14⟩ dho hoti Atha kho (bhaga)vā E(tam) (a)tthaṁ viditvā tāyaṁ velāyaṁ (Ima) Udāna

⟨15⟩ Udānesi yadā have pā(tubha)veti dhammā _ Ātāpino

⟨16⟩ jhāyino brāhmaṇassa (Atha)ssa kaṁkhā va(pa)yanti sa(v)[vā]

⟨17⟩ yato pajānāti sahetudhaṁman ti |||||

⟨18⟩ Atha kho bha[ga]vā ra(t)[t]i[yā] maj[jh]i(maṁ)

⟨19⟩ [yā]maṁ pa[ṭ]iccha[sa]mu[ppā](da)ṁ

Part B

⟨1⟩ ________________ ridevadukkhadomanassa Upāyāsā ni(ru)j[jha](n)[t]i [Evam] [etassa] [keva]-

⟨2⟩ lassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hoti _ Atha kho bhagavā Etam atthaṁ viditvā tāyaṁ velāyaṁ Imaṁ Udānaṁ Udā(n)e[si] [yadā] [have] [pātu]-

⟨3⟩ bhavanti dhammā Ātāpino jhāyi(n)o brāhmanassa _ Athassa ka(ṁ)khā vapayanti sa vi(dhūpaya)[n] [tiṭṭhati] [mārasenaṁ]

⟨4⟩ suriyyo va Obhāsaya Antalikkheṁti ✤✤

Apparatus

⟨A2⟩ nerañjarātire • Correct nerañjarātīre. Instead of genitive construction nerañjarāya tīre (PTS), we find a tatpuruṣa.

⟨A3⟩ -mūle • Note the shape of <le>. — ⟨A3⟩ -saṁvedi • Correct -saṁvedī.

⟨A8⟩ saṁbhavanti [1 illegible chars]vam • It is very hard to read expected saṁbhavanti Evam, and we hesitantly propose that we might read saṁbhavanti-y-evam and consider that we are dealing here with a hiatus-breaking insertion of <y>.

⟨A9⟩ Avijjāya vvava • It seems impossible to read the expected sequence Avijjāya tv eva (PTS).

⟨A13⟩ nijjhanti • The lapicide has forgotten the akṣara <ru> (PTS nirujjhanti); see face B, l. 1.

⟨A14⟩ hoti • PTS reads hotīti || 2 ||.

⟨A15⟩ pā(tubha)veti • It appears impossible to read pātubhavanti (PTS) here, but on the back of the stone, line 2, we do find this expected reading.

⟨A16⟩ jhāyino • This variant reading for PTS jhāyato is not an error; it recurs on the back, in line 3. It is also recorded by Oldenberg among variants from Burmese manuscripts.

Commentary

Face B is written upside-down compared with A, which would prima facie indicate that the stone was to be flipped over like a palmleaf after the end of face A. But there is no clear continuity between the two faces, as the largest part of the second face is left blank. Four akṣaras, perhaps to be read savadgati, stand at the right extremity of face B, at some distance above the lines of text transliterated here, which cover the bottom of the back, and of which the first starts not in the left margin but around the middle of the stone.

Bibliography

This inscription was referred to in several publications before its integral text was finally published by Sein Win [cin vaṅḥ] 2016, pp. 194–200. Re-edited here from our team’s photographs and RTIs.

Primary

Griffiths, Arlo, Marc Miyake & Julian K. Wheatley. 2018–03–26. “Corpus of Pyu inscriptions.” Zenodo. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1207290. [URL]. Item DHARMA_INSPYU00040.

Secondary

Aung Thaw [Aoṅ sau]. 1972. Historical sites in Burma. Rangoon: Ministry of Union Culture, Government of the Union of Burma. Pages 110–111.

Luce, Gordon H. 1974. “The advent of Buddhism to Burma.” In: Buddhist Studies in Honour of I.B. Horner. Edited by Lance Selwyn Cousins, Arnold Kunst & Kenneth Roy Norman. Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 119–138. Page 126.

Luce, Gordon H. 1985. Phases of pre-Pagán Burma: languages and history. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pages I, 176.

Hinüber1991

Skilling1997b

SeinWin1998b

Stadtner, Donald M. 2011. “Demystifying the mists: The case for the Mon.” In: The Mon over two millennia: Monuments, manuscripts, movements. Edited by Patrick McCormick, Mathias Jenny & Chris Baker. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University, pp. 25–59. Pages 48–9.

Maung Maung Swe. 2011. “Study of the Morphological Features of Ancient Scripts Found in Konseit Pali Stone Inscription.” Universities Research Journal 4 (6), pp. 1–12. [URL].