silver-gilt relic casket Khin Ba mound relic chamber

Authors of digital edition: Arlo Griffiths (argr), Marc Miyake (mami), Julian Karl Wheatley (jukw).

Languages: Pali (pli) [Script (other) (script_other)], Pyu (pyx) [Script (other) (script_other)].

Repository: Pyu Epigraphy (tfc-pyu-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPYU00024.

File path: DHARMA_INSPYU00024.xml.

Version: 2026-07-17 15:37 (bd0ad9f), last modified 2026-07-17 15:37 (bd0ad9f).

Edition

Register Four Buddhas

⟨1⟩ |:| baṁḥ gonagamona yaṁ Iti pi so bhagava _ Arahaṁ sammāsaṁbuddho _ vijjācaraṇāsaṁpa[nno] […]
⟨1⟩ baṁḥ ḅuddha gagusaṁdha yaṁ
⟨1⟩ […] [*] ya namarūpaṁ ∥1
⟨1⟩ baṁḥ ḅuddha kasyaṃba yaṁ
⟨1⟩ namo dhaṁmmo svakhyāto bhagavata dham[mo] _ sanditthiko Akaliko Ehipassiko paccataṁ viñuhi ti
⟨1⟩ baṁḥ ḅuddha goṃdama yaṁ
⟨1⟩ Indriyaparopariyatte ñāṇaṁ ◊ buddhañānaṁ satta Anusaññāyanaṁ buddhañānaṁ U[ju]patipanno bhagavato

Register Four Monks

⟨1⟩ baṁḥ kasaba yaṁ
⟨1⟩ baṁḥ molana yaṁ
⟨1⟩ baṁḥ sari yaṁ
⟨1⟩ baṁḥ Anada yaṁ

Register bottom

⟨1⟩ siddhaM ∥ O pi[n]·ṁ da[C]ṃṁ na(C) kdiṃ ti[n]·ṁ droḥ ktoY kdiṃ tiNṁ tiṄṁ pi[n]·ṁḥ ta nu ki[m]·ṁḥ tiṁ pṅau[y]· yaṁ ka(C) pa(C) kḅ[e](C) ti(C)ṁ k.i(C)ṁḥ du(C)ṃ _ plaṁ ḅuddha O vaḥ rcṅa(C)ḥ ti(C)ṁ tdi(C)ṁ kta(C) k[ḅa](C)ḥ O do [*] .i [*] .i .i [*] .i pi(C)ṁ pa .i(C)ṁ ni(C)ṁ mau[r]· ḅi[C]ṁḥ pcauM pnauRḥ nu yaḥ hra[t]·ṁ sauṄ pla[t]·ṁ kiP ndiNṃṁ doṃḥ doṃ _ yaṁ khyaṃ O tsiḥ tgaṃḥ tdiṁ pa viṃṁ tiṁ paḥ kḅaṁ hme(C)ḥ va[Ṅ]ṃ vaṄṃ hliṁḥ kko tgaMṃḥ daVṃḥ tdaVḥ to śri prabhuva[R]rma kda[Ṅ] ka kiLṁ tgaMṃḥ daVḥ tdaVḥ nu va(L)ṃḥ śri p[r]abh[ud]evi _ O hnauT thraṄḥ ma tiTṁ biMṁ O voM la paYṁḥ reM kduK O puL barami O kliṁḥ ktoY _ tgaMṃḥ tiNṁ mu nuT kcoM kgoY k[ṅ]o(C) ti(C)ṁ [t]i(C)ṁ [***] ∥ ___ @

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ gonagamona #PPPB ⬦ gonagamina Falk 1997 • Read gonagamāna? — ⟨1⟩ molana ⬦ moḷana PPPB. — ⟨1⟩ Anada ⬦ ... da PPPB.

Bibliography

First described in ASI which reports (a) a line of inscription around the upper rim of the [removable top] with names the four Buddhas of the present kalpa in Pyu followed by short extracts in Pali; (b) short Pyu inscriptions with the names the four disciples of Gautama; and (c) a continuous line of Pyu along the lower rim. pyu-bil:ThaMyat1963 includes an eye drawing and transliteration of the captions, but not of the continuous Pyu inscription round the lower rim. Luce 1985, pp. I, 51, 57 n. 23, 137, gives an overview, notes the names of the “royal donors” cited in ASI and transliterates the Pyu captions for the four Buddhas. Falk 1997, pp. 88–91 also cites the captions to the four Buddhas, both the Pyu and the Pali, but not the Pyu on the lower rim. Re-edited here from published photographs and our team’s RTIs.

Primary

Griffiths, Arlo, Marc Miyake & Julian K. Wheatley. 2018–03–26. “Corpus of Pyu inscriptions.” Zenodo. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1207290. [URL]. Item DHARMA_INSPYU00024.

Secondary

Le May, Reginald. 1956. The culture of South-East Asia: the heritage of India. London: Allen & Unwin. Page 48.

Stargardt, Janice. 2001. “The great silver reliquary from Śrī Kṣetra: The oldest Buddhist art in Burma and one of world’s oldest Pāli manuscripts.” In: Fruits of inspiration: studies in honour of Prof. J.G. de Casparis, retired Professor of the Early History and Archeology of South and Southeast Asia at the University of Leiden, the Netherlands, on the occasion of his 85th birthday. Edited by K. R. van Kooij & Marijke Klokke. Gonda Indological studies 11. Groningen: Egbert Forsten, pp. 487–527. Pages 498, 503–6.

Guy, John. 2014. Lost kingdoms: Hindu-Buddhist sculpture of early Southeast Asia. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Pages 66–7, 80–2 (cat. 27).

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<lb n="1"/><g>|:|</g> baṁḥ

gonagamona

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Arahaṁ sammāsaṁbuddho

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<lb n="1"/>baṁḥ ḅuddha gagusaṁdha yaṁ

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<lb n="1"/>baṁḥ ḅuddha kasyaṃba yaṁ

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<lb n="1"/>baṁḥ kasaba yaṁ

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<lb n="1"/>baṁḥ

molana

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<lb n="1"/>baṁḥ sari yaṁ

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<lb n="1"/>baṁḥ

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