Memorial stone, Kanaganahalli/Sannati

Editors: Vincent Tournier, Andrew Ollett.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSKnI00406.

Hand description:

Language: Middle Indo-Aryan.

Repository: Satavahana (tfb-satavahana-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-08-17 17:30 (3d490f2), last modified 2025-08-17 17:30 (3d490f2).

Edition

Logical
Physical
Full

⟨1⟩ [gotami](p)[u](t)[a](sa s)irisātakaṇisa samuditabalavāhanasa Abhagavāhanasa sātavāhanasa beṇākaṭavidabhaUparigirāpar(a)taAsakamuḷakasajaya(t)īcakoravalaraṭhadakhi(ṇ)[ā][path][.] [ca. 11+] ⟨2⟩ [Avipanamātusu]sūsakasa pitusatuveraniyātakasa Anekasaṁgāmavijitavijayasa khakharatakulughātakasa Anekarājamathakapatigah(ī)tasapad(āna)sāsanasa Ekakusasa Ekadhan(u)dha[rasa] [ca. 11+]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ [gotami](p)[u](t)[a](sa) ⬦ [vāseṭhi](p)[u](t)[a](sa) N+vH • The restoration [vāseṭhi]putasa should be corrected to [gotami]putasa, in light of the parallel text from Nasik. See Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Nasik 4, l. 1. See also Halder2017_01. This word would then have been separated from the beginning of the inscription by no more than raño or rājaraño as in the Nasik parallel. — ⟨1⟩ Uparigirāpar(a)ta- ⬦ uparigirapar(ā)ta- N+vH • Cf. Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Nasik 4, l. 1: -kukurāparaṁta. — ⟨1⟩ -Asakamuḷaka- ⬦ -asakamūḍaka- N+vH • The same spelling is found in Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Nasik 4, l. 2. — ⟨1⟩ sajaya(t)ī ⬦ sajayavi N+vH • The reading of the last akṣara as vi, taken over by Nakanishi and von Hinüber 2014 from Sarma and Varaprasada Rao 1993, seems impossible, as does Halder’s reading rttī Halder2017_01. . — ⟨1⟩ -dakhi(ṇ)[ā][path][.] • In light of the Nasik parallel, it is tempting to further reconstruct this compound as dakhi(ṇ)[āpathesarasa]. See Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Nasik 4, l. 11: [dakhiṇā]pathesaro.

⟨2⟩ [Avipanamātusu]sūsakasa ⬦ [su]sūsakasa N+vH • This reconstruction is supported by comparison with Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Nasik 4, l. 4. — ⟨2⟩ khakharatakulughātakasa ⬦ khakharatakulaghātakasa N+vH • Cf. Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Nasik 4, l. 7: khakharatavasaniravasesakarasa. — ⟨2⟩ -patigah(ī)tasapad(āna)sāsanasa ⬦ -patigahitasa padanasāsanasa N+vH • Both Sarma and Varaprasada Rao 1993 and Nakanishi and von Hinüber 2014 see the conclusion of a first compound after -patigahītasa. Comparison with the parallel expression savarājalokamaṁḍalapatigahītasāsanasa in Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Nasik 4, l. 3 makes it clear that we are dealing with a single compound, where sāsana depends on patigahīta. The expression used here finds another close parallel on EIAD 34, to be discussed below, where the construction -sirasā saṁpaṭichitasāsanasa is used. As a result, sapadāna must correspond to Sanskrit sampradāna, contra Sarma and Varaprasada Rao 1993 who saw in what they read padana an equivalent to Skt. pradhāna. — ⟨2⟩ Ekadhan(u)dha[rasa] ⬦ N+vH • Cf. Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥 1996, № Nasik 4, l. 7. In the Nasik parallel, ekakusasa and ekadhanudharasa are followed by ekasūrasa with which they form a triad of related meaning. In this light, and considering the likelihood that the record concluded with a nominative identifying the object as a memorial, one may speculatively restore the remaining lacuna of 10–12 akṣaras as [Ekasūrasa _ chaĀpatharo]..

Translation by Vincent Tournier and Andrew Ollett

[The memorial stele] of … [King Gotamī]putta Sirī-Sātakaṇṇi, whose forces and mounts were ascendant, whose mounts were never destroyed, the Sātavāhana, [the lord] of Beṇākaṭa, Vidarbha, Uparigiri, Aparānta, Aśmaka, Mūlaka, Saṁjayantī, Cakora, Valarāṣṭra, and[, in sum,] the Deccan … of [unwavering] reverence [to his mother], the destroyer of his father’s enemies, who gained victory in many battles, the killer of the Kṣaharāta family, whose gifts and commands are received on the head by many kings, the unique elephant-goad, the unique archer, [the unique hero].

Commentary

Bibliography

This edition by Vincent Tournier and Andrew Ollett. Encoded in XML by Fu Fan in August 2025.

Primary

[S+VR] Sarma, I. Karthikeya and J. Varaprasada Rao. 1993. Early Brāhmī inscriptions from Sannati. New Delhi: Harman. [URL]. Pages 63–71, item A.1, plates 12, 1A, 1B, plates 13, 1C.

[N+vH] Nakanishi, Maiko and Oskar von Hinüber. 2014. Kanaganahalli inscriptions. Annual report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2013, Vol. 17, Supplement. Tokyo: International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University. Pages 18–19, section A.

Halder2017_01

Display Options Word Wrap Line Numbers Comments Processing Instructions

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<title>Memorial stone, Kanaganahalli/Sannati</title>

<resp>author of digital edition</resp>

<forename>Vincent</forename>

<surname>Tournier</surname>

</persName>

<forename>Andrew</forename>

<surname>Ollett</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

</titleStmt>

<authority>DHARMA</authority>

<pubPlace>Munich</pubPlace>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSKnI00406</idno>

<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported

Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to

Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,

California, 94041, USA.</p>

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>

</msIdentifier>

</msContents>

<!-- If you need to identify individual hands (EGD §7.5/) in addition to one or more paragraphs of general palaeographic description, wrap <summary> around the <p> or <p>s above, and, outside <summary>, create <handNote> elements for each hand as follows:

-->

</handDesc>

</physDesc>

</msDesc>

</sourceDesc>

</fileDesc>

<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).</p>

</projectDesc>

<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>

</prefixDef>

<p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the <ref>DHARMA_idListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>

</prefixDef>

</listPrefixDef>

</encodingDesc>

<change who="part:fufa" when="2025-08-17">Initial encoding</change>

<change who="part:axja" when="2020-10-12">Version 3.2 : moving the xml:lang to the root</change>

<change who="part:axja" when="2020-07-02">Version 3.1: adding the encodingDesc and linking the template with the DHARMA Schema</change>

<change who="part:axja" when="2020-03-18">Version 2: addition of handDesc and summary</change>

<change who="part:axja" when="2019-12-18" status="draft">Creation of the template</change>

</revisionDesc>

</teiHeader>

<body>

<p><lb n="1"/><supplied reason="lost">gotami</supplied><unclear>p</unclear><supplied reason="lost">u</supplied><unclear>t</unclear><supplied reason="lost">a</supplied><unclear>sa s</unclear>irisātakaṇisa <space/> samuditabalavāhanasa <space/> Abhagavāhanasa sātavāhanasa <space/> beṇākaṭavidabha<space/>Uparigirāpar<unclear>a</unclear>ta<space/>Asakamuḷakasajaya<unclear>t</unclear>īcakoravalaraṭhadakhi<unclear>ṇ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ā</supplied><supplied reason="lost">path</supplied><seg type="component" subtype="vowel"><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg> <gap reason="lost" quantity="11" unit="character" precision="low"/><lb n="2"/><supplied reason="lost">Avipanamātusu</supplied>sūsakasa <space/> pitusatuveraniyātakasa <space/> Anekasaṁgāmavijitavijayasa khakharatakulughātakasa Anekarājamathakapatigah<unclear>ī</unclear>tasapad<unclear>āna</unclear>sāsanasa Ekakusasa Ekadhan<unclear>u</unclear>dha<supplied reason="lost">rasa</supplied> <gap reason="lost" quantity="11" unit="character" precision="low"/>

</p>

</div>

<lem><supplied reason="lost">gotami</supplied><unclear>p</unclear><supplied reason="lost">u</supplied><unclear>t</unclear><supplied reason="lost">a</supplied><unclear>sa</unclear></lem>

<rdg source="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01"><supplied reason="lost">vāseṭhi</supplied><unclear>p</unclear><supplied reason="lost">u</supplied><unclear>t</unclear><supplied reason="lost">a</supplied><unclear>sa</unclear></rdg>

<note>The restoration <foreign><supplied reason="lost">vāseṭhi</supplied>putasa</foreign> should be corrected to <foreign><supplied reason="lost">gotami</supplied>putasa</foreign>, in light of the parallel text from Nasik. See <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Nasik 4</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">1</citedRange></bibl>. See also <bibl><ptr target="bib:Halder2017_01"/><citedRange unit="page">165</citedRange></bibl>. This word would then have been separated from the beginning of the inscription by no more than <foreign>raño</foreign> or <foreign>rājaraño</foreign> as in the Nasik parallel.</note>

</app>

<lem>Uparigirāpar<unclear>a</unclear>ta-</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01">uparigirapar<unclear>ā</unclear>ta-</rdg>

<note>Cf. <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Nasik 4</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">1</citedRange></bibl>: <foreign>-kukurāparaṁta</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>-Asakamuḷaka-</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01">-asakamūḍaka-</rdg>

<note>The same spelling is found in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Nasik 4</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">2</citedRange></bibl>.</note>

</app>

<lem>sajaya<unclear>t</unclear>ī</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01">sajayavi</rdg>

<note>The reading of the last <foreign>akṣara</foreign> as <foreign>vi</foreign>, taken over by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01"/></bibl> from <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sarma+VaraPrasadaRao1993_01"/></bibl>, seems impossible, as does Halder’s reading <foreign>rttī</foreign> <bibl><ptr target="bib:Halder2017_01"/><citedRange unit="page">164</citedRange></bibl>. .</note>

</app>

<lem>-dakhi<unclear>ṇ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">ā</supplied><supplied reason="lost">path</supplied><seg type="component" subtype="vowel"><gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg></lem>

<note>In light of the Nasik parallel, it is tempting to further reconstruct this compound as <foreign>dakhi<unclear>ṇ</unclear><supplied reason="lost">āpathesarasa</supplied></foreign>. See <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Nasik 4</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">11</citedRange></bibl>: <foreign><supplied reason="lost">dakhiṇā</supplied>pathesaro</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem><supplied reason="lost">Avipanamātusu</supplied>sūsakasa</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01"><supplied reason="lost">su</supplied>sūsakasa</rdg>

<note>This reconstruction is supported by comparison with <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Nasik 4</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">4</citedRange></bibl>.</note>

</app>

<lem>khakharatakulughātakasa</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01">khakharatakulaghātakasa</rdg>

<note>Cf. <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Nasik 4</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">7</citedRange></bibl>: <foreign>khakharatavasaniravasesakarasa</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>-patigah<unclear>ī</unclear>tasapad<unclear>āna</unclear>sāsanasa</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01">-patigahitasa padanasāsanasa</rdg>

<note>Both <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sarma+VaraPrasadaRao1993_01"/></bibl> and <bibl><ptr target="bib:Nakanishi+Hinuber2014_01"/></bibl> see the conclusion of a first compound after <foreign>-patigahītasa</foreign>. Comparison with the parallel expression <foreign>savarājalokamaṁḍalapatigahītasāsanasa</foreign> in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Nasik 4</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">3</citedRange></bibl> makes it clear that we are dealing with a single compound, where <foreign>sāsana</foreign> depends on <foreign>patigahīta</foreign>. The expression used here finds another close parallel on <ref target="DHARMA_INSEIAD00034.xml">EIAD 34</ref>, to be discussed below, where the construction <foreign>-sirasā saṁpaṭichitasāsanasa</foreign> is used. As a result, <foreign>sapadāna</foreign> must correspond to Sanskrit <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">sampradāna</foreign>, contra <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sarma+VaraPrasadaRao1993_01"/></bibl> who saw in what they read padana an equivalent to Skt. <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">pradhāna</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>Ekadhan<unclear>u</unclear>dha<supplied reason="lost">rasa</supplied></lem>

<note>Cf. <bibl><ptr target="bib:Tsukamoto1996_01"/><citedRange unit="item">Nasik 4</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">7</citedRange></bibl>. In the Nasik parallel, <foreign>ekakusasa</foreign> and <foreign>ekadhanudharasa</foreign> are followed by <foreign>ekasūrasa</foreign> with which they form a triad of related meaning. In this light, and considering the likelihood that the record concluded with a nominative identifying the object as a memorial, one may speculatively restore the remaining lacuna of 10–12 <foreign>akṣaras</foreign> as <supplied reason="lost">Ekasūrasa <space/> chaĀpatharo</supplied>..</note>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

<p><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">The memorial stele</supplied> of … <supplied reason="lost">King Gotamī</supplied>putta Sirī-Sātakaṇṇi, whose forces and mounts were ascendant, whose mounts were never destroyed, the Sātavāhana, <supplied reason="lost">the lord</supplied> of Beṇākaṭa, Vidarbha, Uparigiri, Aparānta, Aśmaka, Mūlaka, Saṁjayantī, Cakora, Valarāṣṭra, and<supplied reason="subaudible">, in sum,</supplied> the Deccan … of <supplied reason="lost" cert="low">unwavering</supplied> reverence <supplied reason="lost">to his mother</supplied>, the destroyer of his father’s enemies, who gained victory in many battles, the killer of the Kṣaharāta family, whose gifts and commands are received on the head by many kings, the unique elephant-goad, the unique archer, <supplied reason="lost" cert="low">the unique hero</supplied>.</p>

</div>

<p/>

</div>

<p>This edition by Vincent Tournier and Andrew Ollett. Encoded in XML by Fu Fan in August 2025.</p>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl/>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>