Sumundul (791 Śaka)

Author of digital edition: Arlo Griffiths (argr).

Contributor: Arlo Griffiths (argr).

Language: Old Javanese (kaw) [Kawi (kawi)].

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKSumundul.

File path: xml/DHARMA_INSIDENKSumundul.xml.

Version: 2026-07-27 06:57 (b8a1af8), last modified 2026-07-17 15:37 (95db375).

Edition

⟨1⟩ I sumuṇḍul·
⟨2⟩ ∥ svasti śaka-varṣātīta 79-
⟨3⟩ 1 bhadravāda-māsa caturth¡i! śukla-pa-
⟨4⟩ kṣa mavulu pon· soma-vāra ta-
⟨5⟩ tkāla rakyān· viku paḍaṁ lvar· pu mano-
⟨6⟩ harī Ibu rake padəlaggan· Anak· saṁ
⟨7⟩ devata Iṁ taṅar· manusuk· ḍavuha-
⟨8⟩ n· I panaṅgaran· UAiyaniṁ tgal·ni¿t?a-
⟨9⟩ naṁ parhyaṅan· I tiga haryyan· marhyaṁ I-
⟨10⟩ ri¿t?a¿r?aṁ kāla ḍaṁṅ ācāryya vimaleśvara
⟨11⟩ Anak· vanva I muṅgv antan· vatak tira vi¿ṅ?ai-
⟨12⟩ han· Ikana(ṁ) vanva I parhyaṁ(ṅ)an· vyavastha ma-
⟨13⟩ s· mā (4) kunaṁ yan· halaṁ-halaṁṅanna Ika-
⟨14⟩ naṁ v¿a?Attan· tan· Asiḥnya ryy avaknya lava-
⟨15⟩ n· Anaknya putunnya likhita saṁ pucaṁṅan·

Apparatus

⟨2⟩ 79⟨3⟩1 RD&TP ⬦ 791⟨3⟩1 PAY.

⟨5⟩ lvar· ⬦ lpar· RD&TP PAY. — ⟨5⟩ manoharī ⬦ manoha riṁ RD&TP; manohan riṁ PAY.

⟨8⟩ UAiyaniṁ ⬦ bveyaniṁ RD&TP PAY. — ⟨8⟩ tgal·ni¿t?⟨k⟩a⟨9⟩naṁ ⬦ tgal·nika⟨9⟩naṁ RD&TP PAY.

⟨9⟩ I⟨10⟩ri¿t?⟨k⟩a¿r?⟨n⟩aṁ ⬦ I⟨10⟩rikanaṁ RD&TP PAY.

⟨11⟩ vi¿ṅ?⟨n⟩ai⟨12⟩han· ⬦ vinai⟨12⟩han· RD&TP PAY.

⟨12⟩ Ikana(ṁ) ⬦ Ikana RD&TP; Ikanaṁ PAY. — ⟨12⟩ parhyaṁ(ṅ)an· ⬦ parhyavan· RD&TP; parhyaṅan· PAY. — ⟨12⟩ vyavastha ⬦ vyavatha RD&TP; vyastha PAY.

⟨14⟩ v¿a?⟨u⟩Attan· RD&TP ⬦ vuAttan· PAY. — ⟨14⟩ Asiḥnya ryy avak·nya ⬦ (A)siḥ nyayya vak·nya RD&TP PAY. — ⟨14⟩ lava⟨15⟩n· ⬦ ¿ḍa?⟨la⟩van· RD&TP PAY.

Translation

⟨1⟩ Sumuṇḍul

⟨1–4⟩ Hail! Elapsed Śaka year 791, month of Bhadravāda, fourth ⟨tithi⟩ of the waxing fortnight, Mavulu (of the 6-day cycle), Pon (of the 5-day cycle), Monday (i.e., on 15 August 869 CE).

⟨4–11⟩ That was when the Lady priestess of Paḍaṅ North, (called) pu Manoharī, mother of the Lord of Padələgan, child of the deified ancestor at Taṅar, demarcated the dam of Panaṅgaran, for the watering of the fields of the sanctuary at Triple Leaf. The temple manager at the time, ḍaṅ ācārya Vimaleśvara, native of Muṅgv Antan, district Tira, was given the village of Parhyaṅan. The arrangement was 4 māṣas of gold.¹

⟨12–14⟩ Now should the bridge (? vuattan) be obstructed, it is his unkindness to himself and to his children ⟨as well as⟩ grandchildren.

⟨14⟩ Written by saṅ Pucaṅan.

Bibliography

First edited in Riboet Darmosoetopo & Tjahjono Prasodjo 2003; edited again, somewhat differently, in Riboet Darmosoetopo et al. 2007 (whence reproduced in Riboet Darmosoetopo et al. 2015). Re-redited here by Arlo Griffiths from direct inspection of the stone and photographs.

Primary

[RD&TP] Riboet Darmosoetopo & Tjahjono Prasodjo. 2003. “Laporan pembacaan Prasasti Panaŋgaran dan Prasasti Sumuṇḍul (prasasti temuan di kompleks Candi Kedulan).” Yogyakarta.

[PAY] Riboet Darmosoetopo, Tjahjono Prasodjo, Rita Margaretha Setianingsih, Sri Surayati Supangat, Y. Indarti Nurwidayati & Sri Muryantini Romawati. 2007. Pusaka aksara Yogyakarta: Alih aksara dan alih bahasa prasasti koleksi Balai Pelestarian Peninggalan Purbakala Yogyakarta. Bogem, Kalasan, Yogyakarta: Balai Pelestarian Peninggalan Purbakala Yogyakarta. Pages 26–28.

Secondary

Riboet Darmosoetopo, Tjahjono Prasodjo, Rita Margaretha Setianingsih, Sri Surayati Supangat, Y. Indarti Nurwidayati & Sri Muryantini Romawati. 2015. Pusaka aksara Yogyakarta: Alih aksara dan alih bahasa prasasti koleksi Balai Pelestarian Peninggalan Purbakala Yogyakarta. Bogem, Kalasan, Yogyakarta: Balai Pelestarian Peninggalan Purbakala Yogyakarta. [URL]. Pages 26–28.

Titi Surti Nastiti, Churmatin Nasoichah, Andri Restiyadi, Hedwi Prihatmoko, Arlo Griffiths, Wayan Jarrah Sastrawan, Adeline Levivier & Tyassanti Kusumo Dewanti. 2024. Survei prasasti zaman Hindu-Buddha di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Provinsi Jawa Tengah, tahun 2023. Jakarta: KPG (Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia); Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN), Organisasi Riset Arkeologi, Bahasa dan Sastra; École française d’Extrême-Orient. [URL]. Pages ...–..., section 2.2.15.

Notes

1. Or is the meaning: “The temple manager at the time was ḍaṅ ācārya Vimaleśvara, native of Muṅgv Antan, district Tira. To the village of Parhyaṅan was given as arrangement 4 māṣas of gold”?

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<p><lb n="1"/>I sumuṇḍul·

<lb n="2"/><g ref="sym:doubleBar" type="punctuation">.</g> svasti śaka-varṣātīta <num value="791">79<lb break="no" n="3"/>1</num> bhadravāda-māsa caturth<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice> śukla-pa<lb break="no" n="4"/>kṣa mavulu pon· soma-vāra</p> <p>ta<lb break="no" n="5"/>tkāla <abbr>rakyān·</abbr> viku paḍaṁ lvar· pu mano<lb break="no" n="6"/>harī Ibu <abbr>rake</abbr> padəlaggan· Anak· saṁ

<lb n="7"/>devata Iṁ taṅar· manusuk· ḍavuha<lb break="no" n="8"/>n· I panaṅgaran· UAiyaniṁ tgal·ni<choice><sic>t</sic><corr>k</corr></choice>a<lb break="no" n="9"/>naṁ parhyaṅan· I tiga haryyan· marhyaṁ I<lb break="no" n="10"/>ri<choice><sic>t</sic><corr>k</corr></choice>a<choice><sic>r</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>aṁ kāla ḍaṁṅ ācāryya vimaleśvara

<lb n="11"/>Anak· vanva I muṅgv antan· vatak tira vi<choice><sic>ṅ</sic><corr>n</corr></choice>ai<lb break="no" n="12"/>han· Ikana<unclear>ṁ</unclear> vanva I parhyaṁ<unclear>ṅ</unclear>an· vyavastha ma<lb break="no" n="13"/>s· <abbr>mā</abbr> <num value="4"><unclear>4</unclear></num></p> <p>kunaṁ yan· halaṁ-halaṁṅanna Ika<lb break="no" n="14"/>naṁ v<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>u</corr></choice>Attan· tan· Asiḥnya ryy avaknya lava<lb break="no" n="15"/>n· Anaknya putunnya</p> <p>likhita saṁ pucaṁṅan·</p>

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2–3. 791 : 7911 PAY.

5. lvar· : lpar PAY.

5–6. manoharī: mano han riṁ PAY.

8. UAIyaniṁ : bveyani PAY.

8–9. tgal·nitanaṁ: tgal nika naṁ PAY. Emend tgal·nikanaṁ, as in Panaṅgaran.

9. tiga: tiva PAY.

9–10. Iritaraṁ: i rikanaṁ PAY. Emend Irikanaṁ, as in Panaṅgaran.

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12. parhya(v)an·: parhyaṅan PAY. Emend parhyaṅan·, as in Panaṅgaran.

13. #: 4 PAY (silent em.). The number sign in Sumuṇḍul is unreadable, but on the basis of Panaṅgaran we indeed expect it to be 4.

14. vaAttan·: vuAttan PAY (silent em.). Emend vuAttan·.

15. putunnya: putunya PAY. Emend putunya. Scribe repeated pasangan -nya from Avaknya and Anaknya.

15. pucaṁṅan·: pucannan PAY.

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<p n="1">Sumuṇḍul</p>

<p n="1-4">Hail! Elapsed Śaka year 791, month of Bhadravāda,

fourth <supplied reason="subaudible"><foreign>tithi</foreign></supplied> of the waxing

fortnight, Mavulu (of the 6-day cycle), Pon (of the 5-day cycle), Monday

<supplied reason="explanation">i.e., on 15 August 869 CE</supplied>.</p>

<p n="4-11">That was when the Lady priestess of Paḍaṅ North, <supplied reason="explanation">called</supplied> <foreign>pu</foreign> Manoharī, mother of the Lord of Padələgan, child of the deified ancestor at Taṅar, demarcated the dam of Panaṅgaran, for the watering of the fields of the sanctuary at Triple Leaf. The temple manager at the time, <foreign>ḍaṅ ācārya</foreign> Vimaleśvara, native of Muṅgv Antan, district Tira, was given the village of Parhyaṅan. The arrangement was 4 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of gold.<note>Or is the meaning: <q>The temple manager at the time was <foreign>ḍaṅ ācārya</foreign> Vimaleśvara, native of Muṅgv Antan, district Tira. To the village of Parhyaṅan was given as arrangement 4 <foreign>māṣa</foreign>s of gold</q>?</note></p>

<p n="12-14">Now should the bridge <supplied reason="explanation">? <foreign>vuattan</foreign></supplied> be obstructed, it is his unkindness to himself and to his children <supplied reason="subaudible">as well as</supplied> grandchildren.</p>

<p n="14">Written by <foreign>saṅ</foreign> Pucaṅan.</p>

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<p>First edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:RiboetDarmosoetopo+TjahjonoPrasodjo2003_01"/></bibl>; edited again, somewhat differently, in <bibl><ptr target="bib:RiboetDarmosoetopo+al2007_01"/></bibl> (whence reproduced in <bibl><ptr target="bib:RiboetDarmosoetopo+al2015_01"/></bibl>). Re-redited here by Arlo Griffiths from direct inspection of the stone and photographs.</p>

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