Stray plate of a foundation bordering on Paḍiṅḍiṅ, Paṅeran and Pajənvan (14th c. CE)

Editors: Arlo Griffiths, Marine Schoettel.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKPadingding.

Hand description:

Very peculiar script, characterized by characters with straight lines, sharp angles and very long descenders. For a similar way of tracing the layar, compare with the Sukhamerta charter. Different notation of numbers, especially for 3, 4 and 5.

Language: Old Javanese.

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Version: (80d19f0), last modified (358a9de).

Edition

⟨Page 14r⟩⟨right: 14⟩ ⟨14r1⟩ kali, ḍpa, 522, Asiḍaktan· lavan· lmaḥ dharmma muAṁ lmaḥ paḍi(ṁ)ḍiṁ, maṅalor sadāṅavetan mātra maṅlivati kali sakeṁ tumaṁ, manutug· tpiniṁ ka⟨14r2⟩li muvaḥ, ḍpa, 701, Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ paḍiṁḍiṁ, maṅetan aniku lalava, ḍpa, 10, Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ paḍiṁḍiṁ, maṅalor amnər maṅlivati ka⌇⟨14r3⟩li sake(ṁ) siku lalava, manutug· tpi vetan· tan padr̥vya kali, manutug· tpiniṁ kali dharmmaga, ḍpa, 300, Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ paḍiṁḍiṁ, maṅalor amga⌇⟨14r4⟩t· kali dharmmaga, maṅlivati vidhāra, manutug· tumaṁ, Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ paḍiṁdiṁ, muAṁ lmaḥ paṅeran·, maṅetan amnər sakeṁ tumaṁ, manutug· siku lala⌇⟨14r5⟩va, ḍpa, 339, Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ paṅeran·, maṅalor aniku lalava, ḍpa, 10, maṅetan amnər sakeṁ siku lalava, manutug siku lalava ⌇ ⟨14r6⟩ muvaḥ, ḍpa, 482, Asidaktan lavan· lmah paṅeran·, maṅalor aniku lalava, ḍpa, 105, Aṅetan aniku lalava, ḍpa, 20, maṅalor ani⟨Page 14v⟩⟨14v1⟩ku lalava muvaḥ, ḍpa, 124, maṅetan aniku lalava muvaḥ, ḍpa, 35, maṅalor aniku lalava muvaḥ, ḍpa, 160, Ika ta kabeḥ Asiḍakta⟨14v2⟩n lavan· lmaḥ paṅeran·, maṅetan amnər sakeṁ siku lalava, manutug· rupit·, ḍpa, 900, Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ paṅeran·, maṅalor i tpi kulva⌇⟨14v3⟩niṁ rupit·, maniku lalava, ḍpa, 35, Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ paṅeran·, maṅetan amnər maṅlivati rupit sakeṁ siku lalava, manutug· siku lalava mu⟨14v4⟩vaḥ, ḍpa, 75, Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ pajənvan·, maṅalor aniku lalava, ḍpa, 47, maṅetan aniku lalava, ḍpa, 20, maṅalor aniku lalava ⟨14v5⟩ muvaḥ, ḍpa, 40, Ika ta kabeḥ Asiḍaktan lavan· lmaḥ pajənvan·, maṅetan amnər sakeṁ siku lalava, manutug tugu tṅahiṁ mărgga, ḍpa, 96, Asiḍaktan la⟨14v6⟩van· lmaḥ pajənvan·, maṅalor sakeṁ tugu, maniku lalava, ḍpa, 60, maṅetan aniku lalava, ḍpa, 28, maṅalor manutug tumaṁ, maniku lalava, ḍpa,

Apparatus

⟨14r1⟩ 522 ⬦ 322 OV.

⟨14r5⟩ 339 ⬦ 338 OV.

⟨14r6⟩ 105 ⬦ 104 OV.

⟨14v1⟩ 35 ⬦ 34 OV.

⟨14v2⟩ i tpi ⬦ atpi OV.

⟨14v3⟩ 35 ⬦ 34 OV.

⟨14v4⟩ 75 ⬦ 74 OV.

⟨14v6⟩ aniku ⬦ anilku OV.

Translation by Arlo Griffiths

[…] the river for 522 fathoms (ḍpa). Adjoining with the tract Dharma and the tract Paḍiṅḍiṅ, it goes North continuously, somewhat eastward, passing by the river from the pile (tumaṅ), extending back up to the bank of the river, for 701 fathoms. Adjoining with the tract Paḍiṅḍiṅ, it goes straight North passing by the river from the sharp angle, extending up to the east bank — without having ownership of the river — [and] extends up to the bank of the river Dharmaga, for 300 fathoms. Adjoining with the tract Paḍiṅḍiṅ, it goes North cutting through the river Dharmaga, passing by Vidhāra, extending up to the pile. Adjoining with the tract Paḍiṅḍiṅ and with the tract Paṅeran, it goes straight East from the pile, extending up to the sharp angle, for 339 fathoms. Adjoining with the tract Paṅeran, it goes North in a sharp angle, for 10 fathoms. It goes straight East from the sharp angle, extending to another sharp angle, for 482 fathoms. Adjoining with the tract Paṅeran, it goes North in a sharp angle, for 105 fathoms; it goes East in a sharp angle for 20 fathoms; it goes North in a sharp angle again for 124 fathoms; it goes East in a sharp angle again for 35 fathoms; it goes North in a sharp angle again for 160 fathoms — all of that adjoins with the tract Paṅeran. It goes straight East from the sharp angle, extending to Rupit, for 900 fathoms. Adjoining with the tract Paṅeran, it goes North to the West edge of Rupit, making a sharp angle for 35 fathoms. Adjoining with the tract Paṅeran, it goes straight East passing by Rupit from the sharp angle, extending to another sharp angle for 75 fathoms. Adjoining with the tract Pajənvan, it goes straight East from the sharp angle, extending up to the post in the middle of the road, for 96 fathoms. Adjoining with the tract Pajənvan, it goes North from the post making a sharp angle for 60 fathoms; it goes East making a sharp angle for 28 fathoms; it goes North extending to the pile, making a sharp angle for […] fathoms.

Commentary

A number of toponyms appear in this inscription: the adjoining lands are called Dharma, Paḍiṅḍiṅ, Paṅeran and Pajənvan. Some of them appear in other inscriptions of the Majapahit period:

The toponym Rupit figures as the name of a hermitage in Deśavarṇana 78.1 and this is presumably the same Rupit as the place mentioned in the Panji Margasmara, that “can be fixed at present day Kedungrupit, which lies on the western bank of the river Brangkal in the village of Sumengko, 5 km due east of the palace complex at Sentonorejo” (Robson and Hadi Sidomulyo 2023, pp. 395–396, fig. 8),1 on which basis we tentatively infer that the foundation in question must have been situated in the area South of Mojokerto town.

One further finds several mentions of a river (kali) called Dharmaga, which may have been the name of kind of tree (Zoetmulder 1982, s.v., with indirect reference to Pamintihan 4r2), although it is prima facie reminiscent of dermaga “pier” in Malay and Modern Javanese.

Bibliography

First edited by van Stein Callenfels or Bosch (OV 1918); not included in Boechari 1985–1986; re-edited here by Arlo Griffiths from estampages in the Leiden University Library.

Primary

[OV] OV 1918. Oudheidkundige Dienst in Nederlandsch-Indië: Oudheidkundig Verslag 1918. Weltevreden; 's Gravenhage: Albrecht & Co.; Nijhoff, 1918. Pages 173–174, appendix Q, item 6.

Notes

  1. 1. The authors point out that the village Rupit “is mentioned further at the very end of the Calon Arang, in connection with a descendant of the holy sage Bharada”.