Tiruvāvaṭutuṟai, Gomuktīśvara temple, time of Rājakesarivarman Rājarāja, year 24 and 25

Authors of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr), Renato Dávalos (reda).

Summary: Vimāna, northern base, lowest part.

Palaeographic description: No distinction between e and ē, nor between o and ō. Dental n regularly found instead of expected alveolar ṉ.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: Tiruvāvaṭutuṟai (tfa-tiruvavatuturai-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSTiruvavatuturai10101.

File path: DHARMA_INSTiruvavatuturai10101.xml.

Version: (41737c1), last modified (1479bb0).

Edition

First Part: year 24 of Rājendra

⟨Zone A⟩

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī tiru-makaḷ pōla-p peru-nila-c-celviyun= taṉakkē y-urimai pūṇṭamai maṉa-k koḷa kān=ta(l)ūr-c-cā[lai] kalam aṟutt-aruḷi vēṅkai-nāṭuṅ kaṅka-pāṭiyun= taṭikai-pāṭiyum ṉuḷampa-pāṭi(yu)ṅ kuṭa-malai-nāṭuṅ kollamuṇ kal(i)ṅka[mum] [Eṇ ṭi]c(ai) pukaḻ tara Īḻa-maṇṭalamum Iraṭṭa-pā⟨ṭi⟩ Ēḻ’ arai Ilakkamun tiṇtiṟal veṉṟi-t taṇṭāṟ koṇṭa ta¡ṉṉ! eḻil [vaḷar ū]ḻiyu⟨ḷ e⟩llā yāṇṭun= toḻutaka viḷaṅkum yāṇṭu ceḻiyarai-t tēcu koḷ śrī-[k](ō)-[v-i]rā(ja)-(kē)sari-panmar-āṉa śrī-rājarāja-devarkku yāṇṭu 2 10 4-Āvatu śrī-

⟨Zone B⟩

⟨2⟩ -rāje⟨ndra⟩-siṃha-vaḷanāṭṭu maṇṇi-nāṭṭu brah(ma)deyam Ilacci-kuṭi-y-ākiya vikrama-ciṅka-c-catu⟨r⟩v(v)edi-maṅkalattu c(i)va-purattu nākiyaṇṇa-kramavit=taṉum vātāvi Ādit=ta-kramavittaṉum (Uḷḷuppāḻatēviya?)-kramavittaṉum vātāvi śrī-⟨kṛ⟩ṣṇa-kramavittaṉūm Ivvaṉaivōm Uḷḷiṭṭa sa[bh]ai [********] (nāṭṭu-t tirai)m¡(u)!r-nāṭṭ(u) (bra)h(m)adeyam cāttāṉūr-t tiru-v-āvaṭu-tuṟai Uṭaiya parama-s(v)āmikku Ā(di)-dāsaṉ-ākiya tribhuvaṉa-¿ś?aṇḍeśvara-devarkku Oṭṭi-k kai-t-t¡i!ṭṭu Oṭṭu-k kuṭutta paric’ āvatu Eṅkaḷūr It-tiru-v-āvaṭu-tuṟai Uṭaiya mahādevar paḻam paṭi Uṭaiya n¡i!r-nilam ½ In-ni-

⟨Zone C⟩

⟨3⟩ {ṉ}lam Araikkum k¡i!ḻ-pārk’ ellai sabhai-p potuvukku mēkkum teṉ-pāṟk’ ellai trailōkkya-mahā-dev¡[i]!(maṅ)kalattu-t tiru-p-pal¡i!śvaram uṭaiya mahādevar nilattukku vaṭakkum mēl-pāṟk’ ellai vaṭakkoṭiṇṇāṟṟukku kiḻakkum vaṭa-pāṟk’ ellai Ik-kaṇāṟṟukkē tērkum Ivv-icaitta peru-nāṉk’ ellai-Ilum Akapp¿i?ṭa nilam Eṅkaḷ¡u!r (Ū)[r-a]ḷavu kōlāl ¡ṉ!ūṟu kuḻi koṇṭatu Oru mā-v āka van=ta nilaṉ ½ Iṉ-ṉila(m)Araiyum m[i]kut[i]-k kuṟaimai Uḷḷ atāṅka (nila)m pattu māvum Uṇṇ[i]lam Oḻiv’ iṉṟiyē Iṉ-ṉilam muṉpu devar itē Ātaṉmai-

⟨4⟩ Il śrī-rājarāja-devar Ulak-aḷan=t-aruḷi Iṟai y-eṟi¡n!a pi¡n!pu Itukku Iṟai-kāval āka It-tē var pakkal nāṅkaḷ muṉpu koṇṭa po¡n! kuṭukka māṭṭāmaiyil Innilattāl van=ta Iṟai-y(u)m Eccōṟum veṭṭi-vētiṉaikaḷum maṟṟu sābhai y-iṭu vari-p-pāṭum ce¡nn!¡i!r-veṭṭiyum tiru-k-ko⟨ṟ⟩ṟa-vācalil pōn=ta kuṭimai Eppērppaṭṭatum sabhaiyōmē Iṉ-ṉāṅku simai-Ilum Akappaṭṭa nilattukku Iṟai Iṟuttu-k kāttu-k kuṭuppat’ ākavum Ip-poṉ tiruvaiyāṟṟu-maṭam-uṭaiya sadācivabhaṭār Irun=tu It-tēvar kāmmikaḷai Iṭṭu Ip-poṉ taravallirkaḷō Eṉṟu kēḻkka nāṅkaḷ Ip-poṉ kuṭukka māṭ-

⟨5⟩ ṭāmaiyil Ip-poṉṉukku-p palicai cekuttu In-nilattukku Ip-paricu Eppērpaṭṭa Iṟaiyum Iṟuttu It-devar Iṟai-y-ili Aṉupavikka Oṭṭi-k k¿a?-t-t¡i!ṭṭu Iṭṭu-k kuṭuttōm tiruvāṭutuṟai y-uṭ(ai)ya parama-svāmikku Ādi-dāsa¡n!-ākiya tribhuva¡n!a-caṇṭēśvara-devarkku Ilacci-kuṭi-y-ākiya vikrama-ciṅka-c-caturvvedi-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm Itaṟ ṟiṟampiṉārai pēr-p poṉ ¡ṉ!ūṟṟu-k kaḻañcu poṉ maṉṟa-p peṟuvat’ ākavu¡mm! aṉṟiyum It-devarē Iṉ-ṉilam Ip-paricu Iṟ¡ai-I!li Aṉupavikka-p peṟuva(t’ ākavum) Ip-paric’ oṭṭi-k kai-t-t¡i!ṭṭu Iṭṭu-k kuṭuttōm tiruv(ā)vaṭutuṟai-y-uṭaiya paramasvāmikku m¡u!labhṛtyar-ākiya tribhuva¡n!a-¿ś?aṇḍeśvara-devarkku Ilaccu-kuṭi-y-ākiya vikrama-ciṅka-

⟨6⟩ -c-caturvvedimaṅkalattu sabhaiyōm sabhaiyuḷḷ eḻuttu civa-purattu nākiyaṇṇa-krama-vittaṉum vātāvi Ādit=ta-kramavit=taṉum paṇiyāl kṣatriyaśikāmaṇi vaḷa-nāṭṭu-p paṉ(ai)y¡u!r-nāṭṭu-t devadāṉam Iṟ¡ai-I!li śrī-pukalūr mahādevar paṇṭāra-k-karaṇattāṉ Iṉ-ṉāṭṭu brahmadeyam kākkai-maṅkalattu sabhai y-iṭu karaṇattāṉ vēḻakkōvaṉ grāman śrī-rākavaṉ-ēṉ Ivai-y e¡ṉṉ! eḻuttu Ip-paṭi Aṟivēṉ Uyya-k-koṇṭār-vaḷanāṭṭu-p pērāvūr-nāṭṭu-c ciṟu-puliyūr vākkiyan pa(ra)meśvaraṉ pāṇṭa¡n!-ē(ṉ) Ip-paṭi Aṟivēṉ teṉ-karai-p-pāṇṭikulācaṉi-vaḷanāṭṭu brahmadeyam ci-kaṇṭa-c-caturvvedi-maṅkalattu ma¿tsy?as⟨t⟩an Āyirava⟨ṉ⟩ Udayadi vākāṉ-ā¡n!a civa-patta¡n!-ē¡n! ⟨Ip-paṭi Aṟivēṉ⟩ Uyyak⌈-

⟨7⟩ koṇtār-vaḷanāṭṭu-p pērāvūr-nāṭṭu-p pira⟨ma⟩tēyam ciṟu-puliyūr ma¿tsy?asta¡n! (5) 100 4 10 ti⟨ṟ⟩man kāṉṉ-ēṉ Ip-paṭi Aṟivē¡n! pērāvūr-nāṭṭu-p piramatēyam ciṟupuliyūr kāccavaṉ nārāya[ṇa]¡n! (m)ātava¡n!-ē¡n! Ip-paṭi Aṟivē(ṉ) teṉ-karai-p pāṇṭikulācani-vaḷanāṭṭu-p piramatēyam c¡i!-kaṇṭa-c-caturvvedi-maṅkalattu civa-p-pirāmaṇa¡n! nakkaṉ Āyirapaṭṭa¡n!-ē¡n! Ip-paṭi Aṟivēṉ kṣatriyacikāmaṇi-vaḷanāṭṭu maruka⟨l⟩-nāṭṭu-k kākkai-maṅkalatt’ āḻuṅkaṇattāruḷ marun=turākāṟi-nārāyaṇa-kramavitta¡n!-ē¡n! Ip-paṭi Arivē¡n! pāṇtikulācani-vaḷanāṭṭu c¡i!-kaṇṭa-c-catu⟨r⟩vvedi-maṅkalattu kāvaṉūr Iḷaiy(a-n)ārāya(ṇa)-kramavitta¡n!-ē¡n! Ip-paṭi Arivēṉ¡n! curavi Ādit=ta-krama-vit=ta¡n!-ē¡n! Ip-paṭi Aṟivēṉ Ivv-ūr ciyapurattu nākiyaṇṇa-kramavit=ta¡n!-ē¡n! Ip-pa-

⟨8⟩ ṭi Aṟivē¡n! Arumoḻi-tēva-vaḷanāṭṭu-p puṟampaināṭṭu-t tinakkaḷar-k-karaṇattā¡n! vārakk(i)ya¡n! Īśvara-nak(ka?)-tāṭi-y-ē¡n! ↝

Second Part: year 25 of Rājendra

I¡n!ṟum It-tēvarkē yāṇṭu 2 10 5-Āvatu U⟨y⟩ya-k-koṇṭār-vaḷanāṭṭu-p pērāvūr-nāṭṭu Iḷaṅkāri-kuṭi Ūrōm In-nāṭṭu-t tiraim¡u!⟨r⟩-nāṭṭu-t tiruvāva⟨ṭu⟩tuṟai mahādevarkku nāṅkaḷ candrādit=tavaṟ tiru-non=tā-viḷakku 1 ṉukku Erippataṟku-k kuṭutta nila¡n! ¼ In-nilam kālukkum k¡i!ḻ-pārk’ ellai Ivv-ūr nilattukku mērkum teṉ-pārk’ ellai kiḷanallūr-vāykālukkum It-tēva-caṇṭai-paṅkuk=kum vaṭakkum m(ē)l-pāṟk’ ellai-y brahmadeyam ciru-puliyūr nilattuk=ku kiḻakkum vaṭa-pā{pa}ṟk’ ellai Ivv-iḷaṅkāri-kuṭi nilattukku teṟkum Ivv-icaitta peru nāṉk’ ellaiyilum Akappaṭṭa nila¡n! kālum Uḷḷi ¿ṇ?i-

⟨9⟩ lam oḻiv’ iṉṟi Iṟai-y-ili-y-āka-c candrādit=tavaṟ Iṟai-y-ili ceytu kuṭuttōm Ivv-iḷaṅkāriki Ūrōm In-nilaṅ kāluṅ koṇṭu It-tiru-vāvaṭutuṟai śrī-kōyil Uṭaiyār(k) _______________ pparic’ oṭṭi In-nilam Iṟai-Ili-y-āka-c ceytu ⟨ku⟩ṭuttōm tiru-vāvaṭuturai mahādevarkku Iḷaṅkāri-kuṭi Ūrōm In-nilam kallilum cempilum veṭṭi-k koḷḷa-p peṟuvār ākavum Ip-paricu Ivv-ā⟨va⟩ṇam Eḻutiṉē¡n! Ivv-ūṟ-k karaṇattā¡n! vēḷ kōvaṉ kāṟaṉimpaṭṭa¡n!-ē¡n! Ivai-y e¡ṉn! eḻuttu ↝

Apparatus

First Part: year 24 of Rājendra

⟨2⟩ sa[bh]ai [8+] • The gap is due to the later insertion of the praṇāla (gutter, drain) for the libation waters from the garbagṛha.

⟨7⟩ (5) 100 4 10 ti⟨ṟ⟩man kāṉṉēṉ • We follow here the reading of the ASI transcript. — ⟨7⟩ nakkaṉ • The ASI transcript reads: nākaṉ. — ⟨7⟩ marun=turākāṟi • The ASI transcript reads: marun=turākāri.

⟨8⟩ tinakkaḷarkkaraṇattā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ • The ASI transcript reads: tirukkaḷar-karaṇattān. — ⟨8⟩ Īśvara-nak(ka?)tāṭiyē¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ • The ASI transcript reads: nakkattāṭiyēṉ.

Second Part: year 25 of Rājendra

⟨8⟩ In-nilam kālukkum • The ASI transcript reads: In-nila⟨m⟩ kālukkum .

⟨9⟩ Uṭaiyār(k) _______________ pparic’ oṭṭi • This portion where text is expected has not been engraved.

Translation

First Part: year 24 of Rājendra

⟨1⟩ (Prosperity! Fortune!)

⟨1⟩ 24th year of the glorious king Rājarāja alias the glorious king Rājakesarivarman,

⟨1⟩ who, ... [meykkīrtti (12 aṭis) of Rājarāja I Cōḻa]

⟨1–8⟩ ...

First Part: year 25 of Rājendra

⟨8⟩ 25th year of this king.

⟨8–9⟩ ...

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1924–25 (ARIE/1924-1925/B/1925/101).

Edited here by Emmanuel Francis and Renato Dávalos, based on photos (E. Francis, 2024), and ASI transcript and estampage available on BharatSHRI, Bharat Shared Repository of Inscriptions (accessed 2026-06-21).

Secondary

[ARIE] ARIE 1924–25. Annual report on South-Indian epigraphy for the year ending 31st March 1925. Edited by G. Venkoba Rao. Calcutta: Government Press, 1926. Page 23, appendix B/1925, item 101.