Junagadh Rock Inscription 1 of the Time of Skandagupta

Version: (3083d2d), last modified (c200993).

Edition

⟨1⟩ * (s)iddhaM śriyam abhimata-bhogyāṁ naika-kālāpanītāṁ tridaśa(pa)ti-sukhārtthaṁ yo (ba)ler ājahāra| kamala-nila(ya)()ḥ śāśvataṁ dhāma lakṣmyāḥ

⟨2⟩ sa jayati vijitārttir vviṣṇur atyanta-jiṣṇuḥ|| tad-anu jayati śaśvaT śrī-(pari)kṣipta-vakṣāḥ sva-bhuja-janita-vīryo rājarājā(dhirā)jaḥ| (na)rapati-

⟨3⟩ -(bh)ujagānāṁ māna-darppotphaṇānāṁ pratikr̥ti-(ga)ruḍājñā() nirvviṣī() cāvakarttā|| nr̥pati-guṇa-niketaḥ skandaguptaḥ pr̥thu-śrīḥ catur-udadhi-(jal?)āntāṁ sphīta-paryanta-deśāM|

⟨4⟩ Avanim avanatāri¿r y?a¿ḥ c?akārātma-saṁsthāṁ pitari sura-sakhitvaṁ (prāpta)vaty ātma-śaktyā|| api ca jitam [e]va tena prathayaṁti yaśāṁsi yasya ripavo pi [|] āmūla-bhagna-darppā niva[rttitā?] mleccha-deśeṣu||

⟨5⟩ krameṇa buddhyā nipuṇaṁ pradh(ārya) dhyātvā ca kr̥tsnān guṇa-(doṣa-hetūn)| vyap(e)tya sarvān manujendra-putrāṁl lakṣmīḥ (svayaṁ) yaṁ varayāṁ cakāra|| (ta)smin nr̥pe (śā)sati naiva kaścid dha(rmmā)d apeto manujaḥ prajāsu|

⟨6⟩ (ārtto) daridro vyasanī kadary(o) daṇḍena vā yo bhr̥śa-pīḍitaḥ (s)(t)|| (e)vaṁ sa jitvā pr̥thivīṁ samagrāṁ bhag()gra-da[rppān] dviṣataś ca (kr̥)tv(ā)| sarvveṣu deśeṣu vidhāya gopt¿?n saṁcintayā(m ā)sa bahu-prakāraM|| syāt ko nurūpo

⟨7⟩ matimān vin¿i?to medhā-smr̥tibhy(ā)m anape(ta-bhā)vaḥ| satyārjav(au)dārya-nayopapa(nno) (mādhurya)-dākṣiṇya-(ya)śonvitaś ca|| bhakto nurak(to) nr̥-v(i)ś(e)ṣa-yuktaḥ sarvvopadhābhiś ca viśuddha-buddhiḥ| Anr̥ṇya-bhāvopagat-āntarātmā{} sarvvasya lokasya hite pravr̥ttaḥ||

⟨8⟩ nyāyārjane rthasya ca kaḥ samarthaḥ syād arjitasyāpy atha rakṣaṇe ca| gopāyitasyāpi (ca) vr̥ddhi-hetau vr̥ddhasya pātra-pratipādanāya|| sarvveṣu bhr̥tyeṣv api saṁhateṣu yo me praśiṣyān nikhilān surāṣṭrāN| Aṁ jñātam ekaḥ khalu parṇadatto bhārasya tasyodvahane samarthaḥ||

⟨9⟩ Evaṁ viniścitya nr̥pādhipena naikān aho-rātra-gaṇān sva-matyā| yaḥ saṁniyukto rthanayā kathaṁcit samyak-surāṣṭrāvani-pālanāya|| niyujya devā varuṇaṁ pratīcyāṁ svasthā yathā nonmanaso babhūvu()| pūrvvetarasyāṁ diśi parṇadattaṁ niyujya rājā dhr̥timāṁs tathābhūT|

⟨10⟩ tasyātmajo hy ātmaja-bhāva-yukto dvidheva cātmātma-vaśena nītaḥ| sarvvātmanātmeva ca rakṣaṇīyo nityātmavān ātmaja-kānta-rūpaḥ| rūpānurūpair lalitair vicitraiḥ nitya-pramodānvita-sar¿v?a-bhāvaḥ| prabuddha-padmākara-padmavaktro nr̥ṇāṁ śaraṇyaḥ śaraṇ-āgatānāM|

⟨11⟩ Abhavad bhuvi cakrapālito sāv iti nāmnā prathitaḥ priyo janasya| sva-guṇair anupaskr̥tair udātt(ai)ḥ pitaraṁ yaś ca viśeṣayāṁ cakāra| kṣamā prabhutvaṁ vinayo nayaś ca śauryaṁ vinā śaurya-mah[ā?]rccanaṁ ca| (vākya?)ṁ damo dānam adīnatā ca dākṣiṇyam ānr̥ṇyam aś(ū)nyatā ca| sauṁdaryam āryetara-nigrahaś ca Avismayo dhairyam udīrṇatā ca|

⟨12⟩ Ity evam ete tiśayena yasminn avipravāsena guṇā vasanti| na vidyate sau sakale pi loke yatropamā tasya guṇaiḥ kriyeta| sa Eva kārtsnyena guṇānvitānāṁ babhūva n¿?ṇām upamāna-bhūtaḥ| ity evam etān adhikān ato nyān guṇān par(ī)kṣya svayam eva pitrā| yaḥ saṁniyukto nagarasya rakṣāṁ viśiṣya pūrvān pracakāra samyaK|

⟨13⟩ Āśritya v¿i?ryaṁ (sva-bhuja?)-dvayasya svasyaiva nānyasya narasya darpaṁ| nodvejayām āsa ca kaṁcid evam asmin pure caiva śaśāsa ¿duṣṭāḥ?| viśrabdham alpena śaśāsa yo smin kālena lokeṣu sa-nāgareṣu| yo lālayām āsa ca paura-vargān [⏓–⏑] putrān su-parīkṣya doṣāN| saṁraṁjayāṁ ca prakr̥tīr babhūva pūrva-smitābhāṣaṇa-māna-dānaiḥ|

⟨14⟩ niryantraṇānyonya-gr̥ha-praveśai[] saṁvarddhita-prīti-gr̥hopacāraiḥ| brahmaṇya-bhāvena pareṇa yuktaḥ śaklaḥ śucir dāna-paro yathāvaT| prāpyān sa kāle viṣayān siṣeve dharmārthayoś cā[py a]virodhanena| yo [–⏑––⏑⏑] parṇadattāt sa nyāyavān atra kim asti citraṁ| muktā-kalāpāmbuja-padma-śītāc candrāt kim uṣṇaṁ bhavitā kadāciT|

⟨15⟩ Athā krameṇāmbuda-kāla Āgat(e) n(i)dāgha-kālaṁ pravidārya toyadaiḥ| vavarṣa toyaṁ bahu saṁtataṁ ciraṁ sudarśanaṁ yena bibheda cātvarāT| saṁvatsarāṇām adhike śate tu triṁśadbhir anyair api ṣaḍbhir eva| rātrau dine prauṣṭhapadasya ṣaṣṭhe gupta-prakāle gaṇanāṁ vidhāya|

⟨16⟩ Imāś ca yā raivatakād vinirgatā[] palāśinīyaṁ sikatā-vilāsinī| samudra-kāntāḥ cira-bandhanoṣitāḥ punaḥ patiṁ śāstra-yathocitaṁ yayuḥ| avekṣya varṣāgama-jaṁ mahodbhramaṁ mahodadher ūrjayatā priyepsunā| Aneka-tīrānta-ja-puṣpa-śobhito

⟨17⟩ nadīmayo hasta Iva prasāritaḥ| viṣādya(mānāḥ khalu sarvato ja)nāḥ kathaṁ kathaṁ kāryam iti pravādinaḥ| mitho hi pūrvāpara-rātram utthitā vicintayāṁ cāpi babhūvur utsukāḥ| apīha loke sakale sudarśanaṁ pumā¿? hi durdarśanatāṁ gataṁ kṣaṇāT|

⟨18⟩ bhaven nu sāmbho-nidhi-tulya-darśanaṁ su-darśanaṁ [–⏑⏑–⏑–⏑⏓] [||] [⏑–⏑––⏑] vaṇe sa bhūtvā pituḥ parāṁ bhaktim api pradarśya| dharmaṁ purodhāya śubhānubandhaṁ rājño hitārthaṁ nagarasya caiva| saṁvatsarāṇām adhike śate tu

⟨19⟩ triṁśadbhir anyair api saptabhiś ca| pra [–⏑––⏑⏑] śāstra-vettā (viśve?) py anujñāta-mahā-prabhāvaḥ| ājya-praṇāmai¿? vibudhān atheṣṭvā dhanair dvijātīn api tarpayitvā| paurāṁs tathābhyarcya yathārha-mānaiḥ bhr̥tyāṁś ca pūjyān suhr̥daś ca dānaiḥ|

⟨20⟩ graiṣmasya māsasya tu pūrva-pa(kṣe) [⏑–⏑––] (pra)thame hni samyaK| māsa-dvayenādaravān sa bhūtvā dhanasya kr̥tvā vyayam aprameyaM| āyāmato hasta-śataṁ samagraṁ vistārataḥ ṣaṣṭir athāpi cāṣṭau|

⟨21⟩ Utsedhato nyat puruṣāṇi (sapta?) [⏑–⏑–] (ha)sta-śata-dvayasya| babandha yatnān mahatā nr̥devān (abhyarcya?) samyag ghaṭitopalena| a-jāti-duṣṭa¿m? prathitaṁ taṭākaṁ sudarśanaṁ śāśvata-kalpa-kālaM|

⟨22⟩ Api ca sudr̥ḍha-setu-prā(nta?)-vinyasta-śobha- ratha-caraṇa-samāhva-krauṁca-haṁsāsa-dhūtaM| vimala-salila [–––⏑––⏑––] bhuvi ta [⏑⏑⏑–––] da[.](ā)rkaḥ śaśī ca|

⟨23⟩ nagaram api ca bhūyād vr̥ddhimat-paura-juṣṭaṁ dvija-bahu-śata-gīta-brahma-nirnaṣṭa-pāpaṁ| śatam api ca samānām īti-durbhikṣa [–⏓] [⏑⏑⏑⏑⏑⏑–––⏑––⏑––] [||] (iti suda)rśana-taṭāka-saṁskāra-graṁtha-racanā (sa)māptā||

Bibliography

First reported in Prinsep 1838. Facsimile published in Jacob 1844 (probably an eye copy, but my digital version lacks the plate; Jacob describes it as “most carefully compared, the joint labour of Mr. Westergard, a young Brahman protegé of mine, and myself”). Edited in Bhau Daji 1861–63, with a cloth tracing made in 1861 by Bhagwanlal Indraji. Burgess 1875, pp. 17–18 describes a failed attempt to take an estampage. Burgess 1876 also prints Indraji’s cloth tracing (plate XV), along with Bhau Daji’s transliteration (pp. 134-136) and translation (revised by Eggeling, pp. 136-138), also summarising (p. 30) a local legend that mentions Cakrapālita, Parṇadatta and Skandagupta. Critically edited in Fleet 1888. Correction proposed in Agrawal 1941, p. 59.

Originally encoded for Siddham in the project Beyond Boundaries (Grant Agreement No. 609823) by Dániel Balogh (2019, № IN00032). Encoding updated to DHARMA conventions by Dániel Balogh.

Secondary

Fleet, John Faithfull. 1888. Inscriptions of the early Gupta kings and their successors. First edition. Vol. 3. Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum. Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing. Item 14.

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna, Bahadur Chand Chhabra & Govind Swamirao Gai. 1981. Inscriptions of the early Gupta kings. Corpus inscriptionum indicarum 3, revised edition. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India. Item 28.

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna. 1927–1936. A list of the inscriptions of northern India in Brahmi and its derivative scripts, from about 200 A. C.: Appendix to Epigraphia Indica and record of the Archaeological Survey of India, volumes XIX to XXIII. Calcutta: Archaeological Survey of India. [URL]. Item 1276.

Sircar, Dines Chandra. 1965. Select inscriptions bearing on Indian history and civilization. Volume I: from the sixth century B.C. to the sixth century A.D. 2nd edition revised and enlarged. Calcutta: University of Calcutta. Book III, item 25.

Agrawala, Prithvi Kumar. 1983. Imperial Gupta Epigraphs (गुप्ताधिराजलेखमण्डल). Ancient Indian Epigraphical Sources (प्रत्नाभिलेखसंहिता) 10, pt. 1 / 2. Varanasi: Books Asia, Distributed by Prithvi Prakashan. Item 32.

Goyal, Śrīrām. 1993. गुप्तकालीन अभिलेख/Guptakālīna Abhilekha (Inscriptions of the Gupta Age). Jodhpur: Kusumanjali Prakashan. Items 223-247.