Dhanaidaha Charter of Kumāragupta I

Author of digital edition: Dániel Balogh (daba).

Language: Sanskrit (san) [Southern Brāhmī (unspecified) (brāhmī_southern_unspecified)].

Repository: SIDDHAM (siddham).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSiddham00023.

File path: XML-Provisional/DHARMA_INSSiddham00023.xml.

Version: 2026-09-16 10:40 (3083d2d), last modified 2026-09-16 09:24 (c200993).

Edition

⟨1⟩ [siddhaM| catur-udadhi-salilāsvāditayaśaso mahārājādhirāja-śrī-kumāraguptasya?] [sa]mvatsara-śa[te] trayodaśotta-
⟨2⟩ [re] [***********************] [asyā]¿n? d(i)vasa-pūrvvāyāṁ parama-daivata-para-
⟨3⟩ [ma-bhaṭṭāraka-][mahārājādhirāja-śrī-kumāragupte pr̥thivīpatau?] kuṭu(mbi) [***] brāhmaṇa-śivaśarmma-nāgaśarmma-maha-
⟨4⟩ [*******************]vakīrtti-kṣemadatta-goṣṭhaka-varggapāla-piṅgala-śuṅkuka-kāla-
⟨5⟩ [********************](pa?)viṣṇu-(deva)śarmma-viṣṇubhadra-khāsaka-rāmaka-gopāla
⟨6⟩ [******************](sasu?) śrībhadra-somapāla-rāmā(dyāḥ?) grāmāṣṭa-kulādhikaraṇañ ca-
⟨7⟩ [***************]viṣṇu(nā?) vijñāpitā Iha khādā(ṭa?)pāra-viṣaye nuvr̥tta-maryyādā-sthi(ti)
⟨8⟩ [***************]nīvī-dharmma-kṣayeṇa labhya(te) (ta)d arhatha mamādyānenaiva kkrame¿n?a dā(tuṁ)
⟨9⟩ [**************]samety(ā?)bhihitai(ḥ?) sarvvam eva (jñā?)kara-prative(śi?)-kuṭumbibhir avasthāpya ka-
⟨10⟩ [**************]ri [*] kana [*] yad ito [**] (ta)d avadhr̥tam iti yatas tatheti pratipādya
⟨11⟩ [***********] [aṣṭaka-na]vaka-nalā(bhyā)m apaviñchya kṣetra-kulya-vāpam ekaṁ dattaṁ tataḥ Āyuktaka-
⟨12⟩ [**************](bhrā?)tr̥-kaṭaka-vāstavya-chandoga-brāhmaṇa-varāhasvāmino dattaṁ taddha(va?)-
⟨13⟩ [****************]bhūmyā dā(nākṣe)pe ca guṇāguṇam anucintya śarīra-k(ā)ñcanakasya ci-
⟨14⟩ [ra-cañcalatvaṁ] [**********] [.]ā (u)ktañ ca bhagavatā dvaipāyanena svadattām para-dattām vā
⟨15⟩ [yo hareta vasundharām] [sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā] [pitr̥](bhiḥ) saha pacyate ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣa-sahasrā¿n?i svargge modati (bhū)midaḥ
⟨16⟩ [Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca] [tāny eva narake vaset] (pū)rvva-dattāṁ dvijātibhyo yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira mahīṁ (mahī)[matāñ cchreṣṭha]
⟨17⟩ [dānāc chreyo nupālanam] [**********]ya(ṁ) (su?)śrībhadrena Utkīrṇṇaṁ sthambheśvaradāse(na) [*****]

⟨1⟩ [siddhaM| catur-udadhi-salilāsvāditayaśaso mahārājādhirāja-śrī-kumāraguptasya?] [sa]mvatsara-śa[te] trayodaśotta⟨2⟩[re] [ca. 23+]

[asyā]¿n? d(i)vasa-pūrvvāyāṁ parama-daivata-para⟨3⟩[ma-bhaṭṭāraka-][mahārājādhirāja-śrī-kumāragupte pr̥thivīpatau?] kuṭu(mbi) [ca. 3+] brāhmaṇa-śivaśarmma-nāgaśarmma-maha⟨4⟩[ca. 19+]vakīrtti-kṣemadatta-goṣṭhaka-varggapāla-piṅgala-śuṅkuka-kāla⟨5⟩[ca. 20+](pa?)viṣṇu-(deva)śarmma-viṣṇubhadra-khāsaka-rāmaka-gopāla ⟨6⟩ [ca. 18+](sasu?) śrībhadra-somapāla-rāmā(dyāḥ?) grāmāṣṭa-kulādhikaraṇañ ca⟨7⟩[ca. 15+]viṣṇu(nā?) vijñāpitā Iha khādā(ṭa?)pāra-viṣaye nuvr̥tta-maryyādā-sthi(ti) ⟨8⟩ [ca. 15+]nīvī-dharmma-kṣayeṇa labhya(te)

(ta)d arhatha mamādyānenaiva kkrame⟨ṇ⟩a dā(tuṁ) ⟨9⟩ [ca. 14+]samety(ā?)bhihitai(ḥ?) sarvvam eva (jñā?)kara-prative(śi?)-kuṭumbibhir avasthāpya ka⟨10⟩[ca. 14+]ri [ca. 1×] kana [ca. 1×] yad ito [ca. 2×] (ta)d avadhr̥tam iti yatas tatheti pratipādya ⟨11⟩ [ca. 11+] [aṣṭaka-na]vaka-nalā(bhyā)m apaviñchya kṣetra-kulya-vāpam ekaṁ dattaṁ tataḥ Āyuktaka- ⟨12⟩ [ca. 14+](bhrā?)tr̥-kaṭaka-vāstavya-chandoga-brāhmaṇa-varāhasvāmino dattaṁ taddha(va?)⟨13⟩[ca. 16+]bhūmyā dā(nākṣe)pe ca guṇāguṇam anucintya śarīra-k(ā)ñcanakasya ci⟨14⟩[ra-cañcalatvaṁ] [ca. 10+] [.]ā

(u)ktañ ca bhagavatā dvaipāyanena

1. Anuṣṭubh

svadattām para-dattām vā

⟨15⟩ [yo hareta vasundharām]

[sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā]

[pitr̥](bhiḥ) saha pacyate

2. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣa-sahasrā⟨ṇ⟩i

svargge modati (bhū)midaḥ

⟨16⟩ [Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca]

[tāny eva narake vaset]

3. Anuṣṭubh

(pū)rvva-dattāṁ dvijātibhyo

yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira

mahīṁ (mahī)[matāñ cchreṣṭha]

⟨17⟩ [dānāc chreyo nupālanam]

[ca. 10+]ya(ṁ) (su?)śrībhadrena Utkīrṇṇaṁ sthambheśvaradāse(na) [ca. 5+]

⟨1⟩ [siddhaM| catur-udadhi-salilāsvāditayaśaso mahārājādhirāja-śrī-kumāraguptasya?] [sa]mvatsara-śa[te] trayodaśotta⟨2⟩[re] [ca. 23+]

(ta)d arhatha mamādyānenaiva kkrame¿n?⟨ṇ⟩a dā(tuṁ) ⟨9⟩ [ca. 14+]samety(ā?)bhihitai(ḥ?) sarvvam eva (jñā?)kara-prative(śi?)-kuṭumbibhir avasthāpya ka⟨10⟩[ca. 14+]ri [ca. 1×] kana [ca. 1×] yad ito [ca. 2×] (ta)d avadhr̥tam iti yatas tatheti pratipādya ⟨11⟩ [ca. 11+] [aṣṭaka-na]vaka-nalā(bhyā)m apaviñchya kṣetra-kulya-vāpam ekaṁ dattaṁ tataḥ Āyuktaka- ⟨12⟩ [ca. 14+](bhrā?)tr̥-kaṭaka-vāstavya-chandoga-brāhmaṇa-varāhasvāmino dattaṁ taddha(va?)⟨13⟩[ca. 16+]bhūmyā dā(nākṣe)pe ca guṇāguṇam anucintya śarīra-k(ā)ñcanakasya ci⟨14⟩[ra-cañcalatvaṁ] [ca. 10+] [.]ā

(u)ktañ ca bhagavatā dvaipāyanena

1. Anuṣṭubh

svadattām para-dattām vā

⟨15⟩ [yo hareta vasundharām]

[sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā]

[pitr̥](bhiḥ) saha pacyate

2. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣa-sahasrā¿n?⟨ṇ⟩i

svargge modati (bhū)midaḥ

⟨16⟩ [Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca]

[tāny eva narake vaset]

3. Anuṣṭubh

(pū)rvva-dattāṁ dvijātibhyo

yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira

mahīṁ (mahī)[matāñ cchreṣṭha]

⟨17⟩ [dānāc chreyo nupālanam]

[ca. 10+]ya(ṁ) (su?)śrībhadrena Utkīrṇṇaṁ sthambheśvaradāse(na) [ca. 5+]

Bibliography

First noticed and edited in Bandyopādhyāya 1909, pp. 459–461. Re-edited in Basak 1923–1924. Discussed in Basak 1925.

Originally encoded for Siddham in the project Beyond Boundaries (Grant Agreement No. 609823) by Dániel Balogh (2019, № IN00023). Encoding updated to DHARMA conventions by Dániel Balogh.

Secondary

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna, Bahadur Chand Chhabra & Govind Swamirao Gai. 1981. Inscriptions of the early Gupta kings. Corpus inscriptionum indicarum 3, revised edition. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India. Item 19.

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna. 1927–1936. A list of the inscriptions of northern India in Brahmi and its derivative scripts, from about 200 A. C.: Appendix to Epigraphia Indica and record of the Archaeological Survey of India, volumes XIX to XXIII. Calcutta: Archaeological Survey of India. [URL]. Item 1267.

Sircar, Dines Chandra. 1965. Select inscriptions bearing on Indian history and civilization. Volume I: from the sixth century B.C. to the sixth century A.D. 2nd edition revised and enlarged. Calcutta: University of Calcutta. Book III, item 16.

Agrawala, Prithvi Kumar. 1983. Imperial Gupta Epigraphs (गुप्ताधिराजलेखमण्डल). Ancient Indian Epigraphical Sources (प्रत्नाभिलेखसंहिता) 10, pt. 1 / 2. Varanasi: Books Asia, Distributed by Prithvi Prakashan. Item 22.

Goyal, Śrīrām. 1993. गुप्तकालीन अभिलेख/Guptakālīna Abhilekha (Inscriptions of the Gupta Age). Jodhpur: Kusumanjali Prakashan. Items 150-155.

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<title>Dhanaidaha Charter of Kumāragupta I</title>

<forename>Dániel</forename>

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<funder>European Research Council (ERC), grant agreement no 809994</funder>

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<change who="part:daba" when="2020-08-04" status="draft">Initial import: harmonising file structure with DHARMA inscription template v02. Text and comments as inherited from the Siddham archive of January 2019, unless otherwise indicated (by a name and date in the comment). Comments are offered "as is" and do not represent a thoroughly considered or researched opinion.</change>

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<p><lb n="1"/><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">siddhaM| catur-udadhi-salilāsvāditayaśaso mahārājādhirāja-śrī-kumāraguptasya</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">sa</supplied>mvatsara-śa<supplied reason="lost">te</supplied> trayodaśotta<!--

I adopt Sircar's conjecture for the beginning except hypothesising siddham instead of his oṁ.

--><lb n="2" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">re</supplied> <gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="23" unit="character"/><!--

Sircar's conjecture for the beginning of this line is saṁ 100+10+3 (after re, I guess, though he may have read re at the end of the first line - which I consider very unlikely)

--></p>

<p><supplied reason="lost">asyā</supplied><sic>n</sic> d<unclear>i</unclear>vasa-pūrvvāyāṁ parama-daivata-para<lb n="3" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ma-bhaṭṭāraka-</supplied><supplied reason="lost" cert="low">mahārājādhirāja-śrī-kumāragupte pr̥thivīpatau</supplied> kuṭu<unclear>mbi</unclear> <gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="3" unit="character"/> brāhmaṇa-śivaśarmma-nāgaśarmma-maha<!--

The conjectural filling-up is from Lielukhine, i.e. probably Sircar. Compare the Damodarpur plates. Bhandarkar reads ā(?) before kuṭumbi, I see nothing (not even kuṭumbi), but this could be part of an au mātrā. The broken-off gap after kuṭumbi is 2 or 3 characters in size, but I can't make out brāhmaṇa either on the facsimile, nor anything else really, except what may be śi of śivaśarmma.

--><lb n="4" break="no"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="19" unit="character"/>vakīrtti-kṣemadatta-goṣṭhaka-varggapāla-piṅgala-śuṅkuka-kāla<!--

Lielukhine (naming no source) proposes Śivakīrtti for the partially lost name and says Banerji reads kṣamavanta, presumably for kṣemadatta.

--><lb n="5" break="no"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="20" unit="character"/><unclear cert="low">pa</unclear>viṣṇu-<unclear>deva</unclear>śarmma-viṣṇubhadra-khāsaka-rāmaka-gopāla<!--

Lielukhine says Banerji reads viṣyabhadra instead of viṣṇubhadra.

--><lb n="6"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="18" unit="character"/><unclear cert="low">sasu</unclear> śrībhadra-somapāla-rāmā<unclear cert="low">dyāḥ</unclear> grāmāṣṭa-kulādhikaraṇañ ca<!--

Bhandarkar reads Rām-ādyāḥ(?); no way to tell if the question mark is meant just for the visarga or for more. Lielukhine (Sircar?) has rāmādyaka, also with a question mark.

--><!--

Lielukhine also has °karaṇaśca at the end.

--><!--

And while we're at it, Bhandarkar's sa(?) su(?) may represent two alternatives rather than two successive characters? I can't make out anything on the photo.

--><lb n="7" break="no"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="15" unit="character"/>viṣṇu<unclear cert="low">nā</unclear> vijñāpitā Iha khādā<unclear cert="low">ṭa</unclear>pāra-viṣaye nuvr̥tta-maryyādā-sthi<unclear>ti</unclear><!--

again, the ? after viṣṇunā may refer to more than just the nā. Lielukhine also has ṇā in brackets with a question mark, probably meaning that the original text may have ṇā.

--><!--

Lielukhine says Banerji read mahākhuṣāpāra instead of khādā(?ṭa)pāra.

--><lb n="8"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="15" unit="character"/>nīvī-dharmma-kṣayeṇa labhya<unclear>te</unclear><!--

Sircar reads nīvīdharmmākṣayeṇa rather than kṣayeṇa; Bhandarkar mentions his interpretation of kṣaya in his introduction of this inscr.

--></p>

<p><unclear>ta</unclear>d arhatha mamādyānenaiva kkrame<choice><sic>n</sic><corr>ṇ</corr></choice>a dā<unclear>tuṁ</unclear>

<lb n="9"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="14" unit="character"/>samety<unclear cert="low">ā</unclear>bhihitai<unclear cert="low">ḥ</unclear> sarvvam eva <unclear cert="low">jñā</unclear>kara-prative<unclear cert="low">śi</unclear>-kuṭumbibhir avasthāpya ka<!--

Sircar restores Bhandarkar's (jñā?)kara as kṣetrakara.

--><lb n="10" break="no"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="14" unit="character"/>ri <gap reason="illegible" precision="low" quantity="1" unit="character"/> kana <gap reason="illegible" precision="low" quantity="1" unit="character"/> yad ito <gap reason="illegible" precision="low" quantity="2" unit="character"/> <unclear>ta</unclear>d avadhr̥tam iti yatas tatheti pratipādya

<lb n="11"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="11" unit="character"/> <supplied reason="lost">aṣṭaka-na</supplied>vaka-nalā<unclear>bhyā</unclear>m apaviñchya kṣetra-kulya-vāpam ekaṁ dattaṁ tataḥ Āyuktaka-

<lb n="12"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="14" unit="character"/><unclear cert="low">bhrā</unclear>tr̥-kaṭaka-vāstavya-chandoga-brāhmaṇa-varāhasvāmino dattaṁ taddha<unclear cert="low">va</unclear><lb n="13" break="no"/><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="16" unit="character"/>bhūmyā dā<unclear>nākṣe</unclear>pe ca guṇāguṇam anucintya śarīra-k<unclear>ā</unclear>ñcanakasya ci<lb n="14" break="no"/><supplied reason="lost">ra-cañcalatvaṁ</supplied> <gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="10" unit="character"/> <seg type="component" subtype="consonant"><gap reason="illegible" quantity="1" unit="component"/></seg>ā<!--

the conjecture ra-cañcalatvaṁ is present in Sircar (probably his own?) and Agrawala, but not mentioned at all in Bhandarkar.

--><!--

ā after the lacuna is only found in Bhandarkar. I assume he saw a diacritical ā, not a full vowel.

--></p>

<p><unclear>u</unclear>ktañ ca bhagavatā dvaipāyanena

</p>

<l n="a">svadattām para-dattām vā</l>

<l n="b"><lb n="15"/><supplied reason="lost">yo hareta vasundharām</supplied></l>

<l n="c"><supplied reason="lost">sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā</supplied></l>

<l n="d"><supplied reason="lost">pitr̥</supplied><unclear>bhiḥ</unclear> saha pacyate</l>

</lg>

<l n="a">ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣa-sahasrā<choice><sic>n</sic><corr>ṇ</corr></choice>i</l>

<l n="b">svargge modati <unclear>bhū</unclear>midaḥ</l>

<l n="c"><lb n="16"/><supplied reason="lost">Ākṣeptā cānumantā ca</supplied></l>

<l n="d"><supplied reason="lost">tāny eva narake vaset</supplied></l>

</lg>

<l n="a"><unclear>pū</unclear>rvva-dattāṁ dvijātibhyo</l>

<l n="b">yatnād rakṣa yudhiṣṭhira</l>

<l n="c">mahīṁ <unclear>mahī</unclear><supplied reason="lost">matāñ cchreṣṭha</supplied></l>

<l n="d"><lb n="17"/><supplied reason="lost">dānāc chreyo nupālanam</supplied></l>

</lg>

<p><gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="10" unit="character"/>ya<unclear>ṁ</unclear> <unclear cert="low">su</unclear>śrībhadrena Utkīrṇṇaṁ sthambheśvaradāse<unclear>na</unclear> <gap reason="lost" precision="low" quantity="5" unit="character"/><!--

Sircar restores the lacuna as likhitā paṭṭikeyaṁ amātyabhadreṇa (Bhadra as the name, not preceding the other -bhadra). He also says traces of ka are visible before ya(ṁ). Bhandarkar follows Basak in reading suśrībhadreṇa.

--><!--

Bhandarkar corrects the other name to stambheśvara-; Sircar reports Banerji as reading sthahṇeśvara (while Lielukhine reports Basak as reading so); Agrawala reads or conjectures Sthāṇvīśvara.

--><!--

note that the final 5 lost characters are only there if the line extends to the edge of the plate, but there isn't really anything else expected here

--></p>

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<p>First noticed and edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Bandyopadhyaya1909_01"/><citedRange>459-461</citedRange></bibl>. Re-edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Basak1923-1924_01"/></bibl>. Discussed in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Basak1925_01"/></bibl>.</p>

<p>Originally encoded for Siddham in the project Beyond Boundaries (Grant Agreement No. 609823) by Dániel Balogh (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Balogh2019_03"/><citedRange unit="item">IN00023</citedRange></bibl>). Encoding updated to DHARMA conventions by Dániel Balogh.</p>

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