SII 3.202: original edition by H. Krishna Sastri

Alternative title: “XVI.—INSCRIPTIONS OF PARAKESARIVARMAN (ADITYA II. KARIKALA) WHO TOOK THE HEAD OF VIRA-PANDYA OR THE PANDYA (KING). No. 202.—ON THE NORTH WALL OF THE CENTRAL SHRINE IN THE MAHALINGASVAMIN TEMPLE AT TIRUVIDAIMARUDUR. No. 154 of 1895.”

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: The record is dated in the 4th year of the reign of Parakēsarivarman who took the head of the Pāṇḍya king and provides for the dance called Āriyakkūttu by Kīrttimaṟaikkāḍaṉ alias Tiruvēḷai-aṟaichchākkai, in the temple of Tiruviḍaimarudil. The theatrical hall where the temple servants, the merchants and the king’s officer Kōyilmayilai alias Parāntaka Mūvēndavēḷāṉ met together to decide this question appears to suggest that the Āriyakkūttu dance must have been a regular dramatic performance in which dancing and singing were evidently given a prominent place. Śākkaikūttu which is referred to in some other inscriptions of the time of Rājēndra-Chōḷa was evidently another variety of a dramatic dance (see Madras Epigraphical Report for 1915, page 98, paragraph 27).

Āriyam and Tamiḻ are mentioned as the two recognised varieties of dance, in the commentary of Aḍiyārkkunallār on text lines 12-25 of Chapter III of Śilappadigāram (see Mahā. V. Swaminatha Ayyar’s edition, page 63). That these must have been also accompanied by music is inferred from a reference made to these very two terms in a Tanjore inscription of Rājarāja I. (South-Indian Inscriptions, Vol. II, page 299, sections 428-492).

The king Parakēsarivarman who took the head of the Pāṇḍya king must evidently be Āditya (II.)—Karikāla, the son of Sundara-Chōḷa Parāntaka II. The name Śiṟṟiṅgaṇ-Uḍaiyāṉ Kōyilmayilai alias Parāntaka Mūvēndavēḷāṉ appears in No. 200 above. His name also occurs frequently in the records of Uttama-Chōḷa Madhurāntaka as Madhurāntaka-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ.

Language: Tamil (tam) [Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0202.

File path: SII03/DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0202.xml.

Version: 2026-01-26 15:35 (83049dc), last modified 2026-01-16 14:44 (6feee7d).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī [||] pāṇṭiyaṉ talaikoṇ(ṭa) kopparakecaripanmaṟkku yāṇṭu 4 Āvatu tiruviṭaimarutil śrīmūlastāṉa⟨t⟩til pe-
⟨2⟩ rumāṉaṭikaḷukku Āriyakkūttāṭa śrīkā(ryya)m Ārāykiṉṟa Atikārikaḷ ciṟṟiṅkaṇ Uṭaiyāṉ koyilmayilai Āṉa parā-
⟨3⟩ ntaka mūventaveḷārum tiṟaimūr (sabhai)yārum tiruviṭaimarutil nakarattārum tevakanmikaḷum nāṭakacālaiyi{l}-
⟨4⟩ le I(ru)ntu kittimaṟaikkāṭaṉ Āṉa tiruveḷai Aṟaicākkai⟨k⟩ku nivanta⟨m⟩ ceytu kuṭukka Eṉṟu Ēvalāl Ittevar te-
⟨5⟩ vatāṉam viḷaṅku(ṭi) nilattil panaicceripattu Uḷpaṭa (ni)lam veliyum Ivvāṇṭiṉ Etirāmāṇṭu mutal In-
⟨6⟩ nilaṅkoṇṭu taippūcattirunāḷil Oru kūttāṭuvatākavum tiruttum Āṭiṉa piṟṟai nāḷ tuṭaṅki mūṉṟu kūttā-
⟨7⟩ ṭuvatāka(vu)m vaiykāci tiruvātiraiyiṉ piṟṟai nāḷ tuṭaṅki muṉṟu kūttāṭuvatākavum Āka Inta kūttu Eḻu(mi)ṅ(ke){ḻum} Āṭuvatākavum
⟨8⟩ (pa)ṇṭā⟨ra⟩ttey patiṉāṟ kala nel koṟṟu peṟuvatākavum I(nne)l (Aḻi)vil Aṭaippaṭi nellum koṟṟum Iraṭṭi Avvāṇṭaiyiṉ

Apparatus

⟨6⟩ tiruttum • Read tīrttam.

⟨7⟩ Eḻu(mi)ṅ(ke)ḻum • The word eḻum is a repetition; cancel ḻum.

Translation by Krishna Sastri 1920

(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! In the 4th year of (the reign of) king Parakēsarivarman who took the head of the Pāṇḍya (king), the officer (adhikāri) Śiṟṟiṅgaṇudaiyāṉ Kōyil Mayilai alias Parāntaka Mūvēndavēḷāṉ, who supervises the temple affairs (śrīkārya), the members of the assembly of Tiraimūr, the merchants (nagarattār) and the temple servants (dēvakanmi) of Tiruviḍaimarudil, having assembled in the theatre-hall (nāṭaka-śālai), ordered that provision may be made for performing the (dance known as) Āriyakkūttu in the presence of the lord of the sacred Mūlasthāṉa (temple) at Tiruviḍaimarudil, to Kīrttimaṟaikkāḍaṉ alias Tiruvēḷai-Aṟaichchākkai.

Having received (one) vēli of land inclusive of the land (called) Paṉaichchēripattu in Viḷaṅguḍi which was a dēvadāna (village) of this god (he) shall, from the year opposite to this year (of reign), perform one dance (kūttu) on the sacred festival of Tai-Pūśam; shall perform three dances commencing from the day after the bathing (of the god); and shall perform three dances commencing from the day after (the festival of) Vaigāśi-Tiruvādirai. In all, he shall perform these seven dances here (i.e., in this theatre-hall) and shall receive for maintenance (koṟṟu) fourteen kalam of paddy from the treasury. If this paddy is not spent (thus), the stipulated paddy and maintenance shall be doubled, (and) from that year . . . . .

Commentary

⟨8⟩ Avvāṇṭaiyiṉ. The inscription stops here.

Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 3.202 by Krishna Sastri 1920 converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Krishna Sastri, H. 1920. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part III: Inscriptions of Aditya I, Parantaka I, Madiraikonda, Rajakesarivarman, Parantaka II, Uttama-Chola, Parthivendravarman and Aditya-Karikala and the Tiruvalangadu plates of Rajendra-Chola I. South Indian Inscriptions 3.3. Madras: Government Press. Pages 378–379, item 202.

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<title>SII 3.202: original edition by H. Krishna Sastri</title>

<title type="alt">XVI.—INSCRIPTIONS OF PARAKESARIVARMAN (ADITYA II. KARIKALA) WHO TOOK THE HEAD OF VIRA-PANDYA OR THE PANDYA (KING). No. 202.—ON THE NORTH WALL OF THE CENTRAL SHRINE IN THE MAHALINGASVAMIN TEMPLE AT TIRUVIDAIMARUDUR. No. 154 of 1895.</title>

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<p>The record is dated in the 4th year of the reign of <hi rend="bold">Parakēsarivarman</hi> who took the head of the <hi rend="bold">Pāṇḍya</hi> king and provides for the dance called <hi rend="italic">Āriyakkūttu</hi> by <hi rend="bold">Kīrttimaṟaikkāḍaṉ</hi> <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Tiruvēḷai-aṟaichchākkai</hi>, in the temple of <hi rend="bold">Tiruviḍaimarudil</hi>. The theatrical hall where the temple servants, the merchants and the king's officer <hi rend="bold">Kōyilmayilai</hi> <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Parāntaka Mūvēndavēḷāṉ</hi> met together to decide this question appears to suggest that the <hi rend="italic">Āriyakkūttu</hi> dance must have been a regular dramatic performance in which dancing and singing were evidently given a prominent place. <hi rend="italic">Śākkaikūttu</hi> which is referred to in some other inscriptions of the time of <hi rend="bold">Rājēndra-Chōḷa</hi> was evidently another variety of a dramatic dance (see <hi rend="italic">Madras Epigraphical Report</hi> for 1915, page 98, paragraph 27).</p>

<p><hi rend="italic">Āriyam</hi> and <hi rend="italic">Tamiḻ</hi> are mentioned as the two recognised varieties of dance, in the commentary of Aḍiyārkkunallār on text lines 12-25 of Chapter III of <hi rend="italic">Śilappadigāram</hi> (see Mahā. V. Swaminatha Ayyar's edition, page 63). That these must have been also accompanied by music is inferred from a reference made to these very two terms in a Tanjore inscription of <hi rend="bold">Rājarāja</hi> I. (<hi rend="italic">South-Indian Inscriptions</hi>, Vol. II, page 299, sections 428-492).</p>

<p>The king <hi rend="bold">Parakēsarivarman</hi> who took the head of the Pāṇḍya king must evidently be <hi rend="bold">Āditya</hi> (II.)—<hi rend="bold">Karikāla</hi>, the son of <hi rend="bold">Sundara-Chōḷa Parāntaka</hi> II. The name <hi rend="bold">Śiṟṟiṅgaṇ-Uḍaiyāṉ Kōyilmayilai</hi> <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Parāntaka Mūvēndavēḷāṉ</hi> appears in No. <ref target="DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0200">200</ref> above. His name also occurs frequently in the records of <hi rend="bold">Uttama-Chōḷa Madhurāntaka</hi> as <hi rend="bold">Madhurāntaka-Mūvēndavēḷāṉ</hi>.</p>

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<lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi> <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="ddanda">.</g></supplied> pāṇṭiyaṉ talaikoṇ<unclear>ṭa</unclear> kopparakecaripa<hi rend="grantha">nma</hi>ṟkku yāṇṭu 4 Āvatu tiruviṭaimarutil <hi rend="grantha">śrīmūlastā</hi>ṉa<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>til pe

<lb n="2" break="no"/>rumāṉaṭikaḷukku Āriyakkūttāṭa <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>kā<hi rend="grantha"><unclear>ryya</unclear></hi>m Ārāykiṉṟa Atikārikaḷ ciṟṟiṅkaṇ Uṭaiyāṉ koyilmayilai Āṉa parā

<lb n="3" break="no"/>ntaka mūventaveḷārum tiṟaimūr <hi rend="grantha"><unclear>sabhai</unclear></hi>yārum tiruviṭaimarutil nakarattārum tevaka<hi rend="grantha">nmi</hi>kaḷum nāṭakacālaiyi<surplus>l</surplus>

<lb n="4" break="no"/>le I<unclear>ru</unclear>ntu kittimaṟaikkāṭaṉ Āṉa tiruveḷai Aṟaicākkai<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>ku nivanta<supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied> ceytu kuṭukka Eṉṟu Ēvalāl Ittevar te

<lb n="5" break="no"/>vatāṉam viḷaṅku<unclear>ṭi</unclear> nilattil pa<hi rend="grantha">nai</hi>cceripattu Uḷpaṭa <unclear>ni</unclear>lam veliyum Ivvāṇṭiṉ Etirāmāṇṭu mutal In

<lb n="6" break="no"/>nilaṅkoṇṭu taippūcattirunāḷil Oru kūttāṭuvatākavum tiruttum Āṭiṉa piṟṟai nāḷ tuṭaṅki mūṉṟu kūttā

<lb n="7" break="no"/>ṭuvatāka<unclear>vu</unclear>m vaiykāci tiruvātiraiyiṉ piṟṟai nāḷ tuṭaṅki muṉṟu kūttāṭuvatākavum Āka Inta kūttu Eḻu<unclear>mi</unclear>ṅ<unclear>ke</unclear><surplus>ḻum</surplus> Āṭuvatākavum

<lb n="8"/><unclear>pa</unclear>ṇṭā<supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied>ttey patiṉāṟ kala nel koṟṟu peṟuvatākavum I<unclear>nne</unclear>l <unclear>Aḻi</unclear>vil Aṭaippaṭi nellum koṟṟum Iraṭṭi Avvāṇṭaiyiṉ

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<lem>tiruttum</lem>

<note>Read <foreign>tīrttam</foreign>.</note>

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<note>The word <foreign>eḻum</foreign> is a repetition; cancel <foreign>ḻum</foreign>.</note>

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<p>(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! In the 4th year of (<hi rend="italic">the reign of</hi>) king <hi rend="bold">Parakēsarivarman</hi> who took the head of the <hi rend="bold">Pāṇḍya</hi> (<hi rend="italic">king</hi>), the officer (<hi rend="italic">adhikāri</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Śiṟṟiṅgaṇudaiyāṉ Kōyil Mayilai</hi> <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Parāntaka Mūvēndavēḷāṉ</hi>, who supervises the temple affairs (<hi rend="italic">śrīkārya</hi>), the members of the assembly of <hi rend="bold">Tiraimūr</hi>, the merchants (<hi rend="italic">nagarattār</hi>) and the temple servants (<hi rend="italic">dēvakanmi</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Tiruviḍaimarudil</hi>, having assembled in the theatre-hall (<hi rend="italic">nāṭaka-śālai</hi>), ordered that provision may be made for performing the (<hi rend="italic">dance known as) Āriyakkūttu</hi> in the presence of the lord of the sacred <hi rend="bold">Mūlasthāṉa</hi> (<hi rend="italic">temple</hi>) at <hi rend="bold">Tiruviḍaimarudil</hi>, to <hi rend="bold">Kīrttimaṟaikkāḍaṉ</hi> <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Tiruvēḷai-Aṟaichchākkai</hi>.</p>

<p>Having received (<hi rend="italic">one) vēli</hi> of land inclusive of the land (<hi rend="italic">called) Paṉaichchēripattu</hi> in <hi rend="bold">Viḷaṅguḍi</hi> which was a <hi rend="italic">dēvadāna (village</hi>) of this god (<hi rend="italic">he</hi>) shall, from the year opposite to this year (<hi rend="italic">of reign</hi>), perform one dance (<hi rend="italic">kūttu</hi>) on the sacred festival of Tai-Pūśam; shall perform three dances commencing from the day after the bathing (<hi rend="italic">of the god</hi>); and shall perform three dances commencing from the day after (<hi rend="italic">the festival of</hi>) Vaigāśi-Tiruvādirai. In all, he shall perform these seven dances here (<hi rend="italic">i.e.</hi>, in this theatre-hall) and shall receive for maintenance (<hi rend="italic">koṟṟu</hi>) fourteen <hi rend="italic">kalam</hi> of paddy from the treasury. If this paddy is not spent (<hi rend="italic">thus</hi>), the stipulated paddy and maintenance shall be doubled, (<hi rend="italic">and</hi>) from that year . . . . .</p>

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<p n="8"><foreign>Avvāṇṭaiyiṉ</foreign>. The inscription stops here.</p>

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<p>Digital edition of SII 3.202 by <bibl><ptr target="bib:KrishnaSastri1920_01"/></bibl> converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.</p>

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