SII 3.9: original edition by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch

Alternative title: “I—INSCRIPTIONS IN THE VISHNU TEMPLE AT UKKAL. No. 9.—ON THE NORTH WALL OF THE MANDAPA.”

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: This interesting record contains an order which Rājarāja I. issued at (his capital) Tañjāvūr on the 124th day of the 24th year of his reign, and which was engrossed on the 143rd day of the same year. This order deals with defaulters of land revenue in villages held by Brāhmaṇas, Vaikhānasas and Jainas in the Chōḷa, Toṇḍai and Pāṇḍya countries. The villagers were authorized to confiscate and sell the land on which no taxes had been paid for two full years.

The royal order was written by the secretary Rājakēsarinallūr Kiḻavaṉ, or, as he is called in two of the Tañjāvūr inscriptions, Kāṟāyil Eḍuttapādam.1 It was signed by the chief secretary Mummuḍi-Chōḷa-Brahmamahārāja, and by Mummuḍi-Chōḷa-Bhōja. These two officers are mentioned in the large Leyden grant2 and in inscriptions of the Tanjore temple.3 Their original names were Kṛishṇa Rāma and Īrāyiravaṉ Pallavayaṉ. During the reign of Rājarāja I. they bore the titles Mummuḍi-Chōḷa-Brahmamahārāja and Mummuḍi-Chōḷa-Bhōja, which are derived from Mummuḍi-Chōḷa, a surname of Rājarāja I. After the accession of Rājēndra-Chōḷa I. they received the additional titles Rājēndra-Chōḷa-Brahmamahārāja and Uttama-Chōḷa-Pallavaraiyaṉ.4

Language: Tamil (tam) [Grantha (grantha), Tamil (tamil)].

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (Original Edition) (south-indian-inscriptions).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0009.

File path: SII03/DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0009.xml.

Version: (aa17590), last modified (e3e1072).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī [∥] tirumakaḷ pol pe(ru)nila⟨c⟩cel(viyu)m taṉakke (U)rimai pūṇṭamai ma⟨⟨(ṉa)⟩⟩kkoḷ kā⟨n⟩taḷ¿u?r⟨c⟩cā{(ra)}lai kalama(ṟu)t(taru)ḷi veṅkaināṭum kaṅkapāṭiy¿ū?m nuḷampapāṭiyuntaṭikaipāṭiyum kuṭamalai(nā)ṭu{m}-

⟨2⟩ ṅkollamum kaliṅka(mu)m Eṇṭicaiy pukaḻ taru Īḻamaṇ{ṭa}ṭala(mu)m (I)laṭṭapāṭi Eḻarai Ilakkamum tiṇṭiṟal veṉṟi⟨t⟩taṇṭ(ā)ṟkkoṇ(ṭa) ta(ṉ) Eḻil vaḷar¿u?ḻi Ellāyāṇṭum toḻutakai viḷa-

⟨3⟩ ṅkum yāṇṭe ce(ḻi)narai tec¿ū? koḷ śrīko rājarājakesari(va)narāna śrīrājarājade(va)rkku (y)āṇ(ṭu) 2 10 4 Ā(va)tu nāḷ (100) 2 10 4 nāl Uṭaiyār śrīrājarāja{rāja}devar tañcāvūrpperiyaceṇṭuvā-

⟨4⟩ (yi)l(c)cittirakūṭattu teṟkkil kallū(riyil) E(ḻu)ntaruḷi Iruntu co⟦ḻan⟧⟨⟨(ṇ)⟩⟩āṭṭum co⟦ḻan⟧⟨⟨(ṇ)⟩⟩āṭṭu¿(p)?paṭum pu(ṟa){ṇi}nāṭukaḷilum toṇṭaināṭṭilu(m) pāṇṭināṭāna rājarājavaḷanāṭṭilum pā(ppa)ṉ Ūrkaḷilum vaikhāṉasar Ūrkaḷi-

⟨5⟩ (lu)m savaṇ=ṇara Ūrkaḷilum kāṇi Uṭai(yār) yāṇṭu 10 6 Āvatu (mu)tal 2 10 3 (Ā)vatu varaiyil Īrāṇṭu nirampi (mū)vāṇṭu tantaṅkāṇiyāṉa nila(ṅ)kaḷukku Avvava Ūr(ka)ḷilāroṭum Ūriṭuvarip(p)āṭu Iṟai Iṟātu ponār kāṇi

⟨6⟩ Uṭaiyāraittavira Ūrnilamāy A(vva)va Ū{ra}rkaḷi(lā)r(e viṟṟuk)koḷḷa(pp)e(ṟuvā)r(kaḷā)ka(vu)m (y)ā(ṇ)ṭu (2 10 4) (Āva)tu (mutal Īr)āṇṭu (ni)ram(pi mū)vāṇṭu Ūriṭuvarip(p)āṭu Iṟai Iṟātu poṉār kāṇi Uṭai-

⟨7⟩ yāraittavira (A)vvava Ūrkaḷilāre (vi)ṟṟukkoḷḷa(p)pe{ṟ}ṟu(v)ārkaḷākavumeṉṟu Ipparicu tiruvāy moḻin-

⟨8⟩ taruḷiṉapa(ṭi) tirumantiravolai rājakesarinallūr kiḻavaṉ Eḻuttiṉālum tirumantiravolaināyakaṉ

⟨9⟩ mummuṭico(ḻa)brahmamārāya(ṉu)m mummuṭicoḻa(p)ocaṉum Oppiṭṭuppukun=ta keḻvippaṭi 2 10 4 Āvatu na

⟨10⟩ 100 4 10 3 ṉā(l va)riyil¿aṭu?ṭatu [∥]

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ ma⟨⟨(ṉa)⟩⟩kkoḷ • The ṉa of maṉa has been added subsequently.

⟨3⟩ (100) 2 10 4 • The symbol for 100 appears to be corrected from 4.

⟨4⟩ co(ṇ)āṭṭum • This appears to be corrected from coḻanāṭṭum. — ⟨4⟩ co(ṇ)āṭṭu(p)paṭum • The ṇa appears to be corrected from ḻana; read coṇāṭṭuṭpaṭum.

⟨5⟩ savaṇ=ṇara • Read śramaṇar or camaṇar.

⟨9⟩ Āvatu na • [[na]] Probably an abbreviation for nāḷ.

Translation by Hultzsch 1899

(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! On the 124th day of the 24th year (of the reign) of the glorious king Rājarāja-Kēsarivarman, alias Śrī-Rājarājadēva, who, (in) his life of growing strength, during which,—(in) the belief that, as well as the goddess of fortune, the goddess of the great earth had become his wife,—he was pleased to destroy the ships (at) Kāndaḷūr-Śālai, and conquered by (his) army, which was victorious in great battles, Vēṅgai-nāḍu, Gaṅga-pāḍi, Nuḷamba-pāḍi, Taḍigai-pāḍi, Kuḍamalai-nāḍu, Kollam, Kaliṅgam, Īḻa-maṇḍalam, (the conquest of which) made (him) famous (in) the eight directions, and the seven and a half lakshas of Ilaṭṭa-pāḍi,—deprived the Śeḻinas of (their) splendour at the very moment when Udagai, which is worshipped everywhere, was (most) resplendent;—the lord Śrī-Rājarājadēva, being graciously seated in the college (kallūri)5 on the south of the painted hall (chitra-kūṭa) at the great hippodrome gate (periya-śeṇḍu-vāyil) in Tañjāvūr, was pleased to order as follows:—

(L. 4.) “(The land of) those landholders in villages of Brāhmaṇas, in villages of Vaikhānasas, and in villages of Śramaṇas (i.e. Jainas) in Śōṇāḍu, in the adjacent districts included in Śōṇāḍu, in Toṇḍai-nāḍu, and in Pānḍi-nāḍu, alias Rājarāja-vaḷanāḍu,6 who have not paid, on the land owned by them, the taxes due from villages, along with the (other) inhabitants of those villages, for three years, (of which) two are completed, between the 16th and the 23rd years (of my reign), shall become the property of the village and shall be liable to be sold by the inhabitants of those villages to the exclusion of the (defaulting) landholders. Also, (the land of) those who have not paid the taxes due from villages for three years, (of which) two are completed, from the 24th year (of my reign), shall be liable to be sold by the inhabitants of those villages to the exclusion of the (defaulting) landholders.”

(L. 8.) Accordingly, having been written by the royal secretary, Rājakēsarinallūr Kiḻavaṉ, and having been approved by the chief secretary, Mummuḍi-Śōḻa-Brahmamārāyaṉ, and by Mummuḍi-Śōḻa-Pōśaṉ, (this order) was engrossed from dictation on the 143rd day of the 24th (year of the reign).

Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 3.9 by Hultzsch 1899 converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1899. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part I: Inscriptions at Ukkal, Melpadi, Karuvur, Manimangalam and Tiruvallam. South Indian Inscriptions 3.1. Madras: Government Press. Pages 14–15, item 9.

Notes

  1. 1. See Vol. II. p. 131 f. and p. 285, note 3.

  2. 2. Lines 129 to 133, 162 to 164, and 436 to 440.

  3. 3. Vol. II. Nos. 31, 12 and 55.

  4. 4. Compare Vol. II. p. 139, note 1, and p. 222, note 4.

  5. 5. Compare Vol. II. p. 109.

  6. 6. See Vol. II. p. 320, note 3.