Vēḷvikkuṭi grant, time of Neṭuñcaṭaiyaṉ, year 3

Authors of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr), Amandine Wattelier-Bricout (amwb).

Palaeographic description: Tamil. The puḷḷi is consistently used.

Languages: Sanskrit (san) [Grantha (grantha)], Tamil (tam) [Vaṭṭeḻuttu (vaṭṭeḻuttu)].

Repository: Pāṇḍya (tfa-pandya-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSPandya10002.

File path: DHARMA_INSPandya10002.xml.

Version: 2026-07-17 15:32 (41dafa2), last modified 2026-07-17 15:32 (41dafa2).

Edition

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⟨01⟩ svasti

⟨1v1=1⟩ śriyañ ciraṃ vaś śiśirāṃśu-śekharaś śiva⟨ḥ⟩ śritārtthi-pratibandha-kāraṇaM tanotu sauvarṇṇa-kapa-

⟨1v2=2⟩ rdda-sundaraẖ ku-darppa-kandarppa-mada-pramarddanaḥ ௳ ...

⟨1v3=3⟩

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⟨3v1=29⟩ ... rājatāṃ sa mahīpāla kirīṭārppita-śāsanaḥ rā-

⟨3v2=30⟩ jasiṃha-suto rājā ciram urvvyāM parāntakaḥ ↝ ...

⟨3v3=21⟩

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⟨9r1=132⟩ ...

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⟨9v1=142⟩ Āsīt maṅgalarājo madhurataraḥ śāstravit kavir vvāgmī Ājñaptir asya vaidyaḥ karavandapurādhivāstyaḥ-
⟨9v2=143⟩ dhivāstyaḥ ra¡t!ṣān naraḥ parakṛtau vidadhīta vidvān pādā hi dharmma-yaśasaḥ para-
⟨9v3=144⟩ masya labdhā⟨ḥ⟩ dhātraiva s¡ra!ṣṭam akhilaM· bhuvanan tathāpi ra¡t!ṣant{r}i puṇyaratayaḥ p¡ra!thiv¡i!n narendrā⟨ḥ⟩ ↜꩜↝-
⟨9v4=145⟩ na hi bhūmi-pradānād vai dānam anyad viśiṣyate na cāpi bhūmi-haraṇāt pāpa-
⟨9v5=146⟩ m anyad vidhīyate ௳ dātā daśānugrahṇāti yo hare{r}d daśa hanti ca Atītānāgatā-
⟨9v6=147⟩ nī ha kulāni kulanandana svadattāM· paradattāM· vā yo hareta vasundharā-
⟨9v7=148⟩ M· na tasya (na)rakāt ghorād vidyate niṣk[ṛ]ti⟨ḥ⟩ kvacit· ௳ bahubhir vvasudhā

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⟨10r1=149⟩ dattā bhujyate hi ¿t?arādhipaiḥ yasya yasya yadā bhūm(i)s tasya tasya ta-

⟨10r2=150⟩ dā phalaM· ↜꩜↝ catvāraḥ Ime vaiṣṇave dharmme ślokāḥ ↜꩜↝

⟨10r3=151⟩ ...

⟨10r7=155⟩ ...

⟨Page 11v⟩

Apparatus

⟨147⟩ kulanandana KS PCP IEP • S (p. 183) silently emends to kurunandana.

⟨149⟩ ¿t?⟨dh⟩arādhipaiḥ KS PCP IEP • S (p. 180, n. 2) silently emends to ca narādhipaiḥ.

Translation

19.

...

20.

...

21.

...

22.

...

23.

...

Translation by Krishna Sastri 1923–1924

19.

Oh! Dharma! A (learned) man must render protection to the deeds of others. Indeed (there are) the feet acquired by (i.e., on which stands) great fame. The world was all created by Dhātr̥, still kings desirous of merits protect the earth.

20.

No gift is greater than the gift of land; nor is there a greater sin enjoined (on man) than (that of) resuming land (already given)

21.

Oh ! Gladdener of your race ! He that makes a gift on this earth blesses (his) ten generations past and future; and he that takes away (that which has been given) destroys ten generations past and future.

22.

To him that robs land given by himself or by others, there is no expiation anywhere except in the dreadful hell.

23.

Lands have been given away by many. Different kings are ruling (them). The fruit (of protection) belongs to him whose land it happens to be (at the time).

These four are verses in the Vaiṣṇava-dharma

Bibliography

Edited in Krishna Sastri 1923–1924, with English translation and facsimiles (EI 17.16); in S.N. 1967, with facsimiles (PCP 1); in Krishnan 2002, with English translation and facsimiles (IEP 7).

This digital edition by Emmanuel Francis and Amandine Wattelier-Bricout, based on Krishna Sastri 1923–1924 and on photos (W. Cox, 2007).

Primary

[KS] Krishna Sastri, H. 1923–1924. “Velvikudi grant of Netunjadaiyan: the third year of reign.” EI 17, pp. 291–309.

[PCP] S.N. 1967. Pāṇṭiyār ceppēṭukaḷ pattu = Ten Pandya copper-plates. Madras: Tamiḻ varalāṟṟu kaḻakam = Tamil Varalatru Kazhagam. Pages 1–48, item 1.

[IEP] Krishnan, K. G. 2002. Inscriptions of the early Pāṇḍyas (from c. 300 B.C. to 984 A.D.) New Delhi: ICHR & Northern Book Centre. Pages 4–15, item 7.

Secondary

[S] Sircar, Dines Chandra. 1965. “Stanzas on Bhūmi-dāna quoted in Raja-śāsanas, Appendix II.” In: Indian epigraphy. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, pp. 170–201.

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<lb n="9v1=142"/>Āsīt maṅgalarājo madhurataraḥ śāstravit kavir vvāgmī Ājñaptir asya vaidyaḥ karavandapurādhivāstyaḥ

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<p rend="stanza" n="19">Oh! Dharma! A (learned) man must render protection to the deeds of others. Indeed (there are) the feet acquired by (i.e., on which stands) great fame. The world was all created by Dhātr̥, still kings desirous of merits protect the earth.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="20">No gift is greater than the gift of land; nor is there a greater sin enjoined (on man) than (that of) resuming land (already given)</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="21">Oh ! Gladdener of your race ! He that makes a gift on this earth blesses (his) ten generations past and future; and he that takes away (that which has been given) destroys ten generations past and future.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="22">To him that robs land given by himself or by others, there is no expiation anywhere except in the dreadful hell.</p>

<p rend="stanza" n="23">Lands have been given away by many. Different kings are ruling (them). The fruit (of protection) belongs to him whose land it happens to be (at the time).</p>

<p>These four are verses in the <title>Vaiṣṇava-dharma</title></p>

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<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:KrishnaSastri1923-1924_01"/></bibl>, with English translation and facsimiles (EI 17.16); in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Anonymous1967_01"/></bibl>, with facsimiles (PCP 1); in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Krishnan2002_01"/></bibl>, with English translation and facsimiles (IEP 7).</p>

<p>This digital edition by Emmanuel Francis and Amandine Wattelier-Bricout, based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:KrishnaSastri1923-1924_01"/></bibl> and on photos (W. Cox, 2007).</p>

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