KnI 92. Kañcūka from the Kanaganahalli stūpa

Author of digital edition: Vincent Tournier (vito).

Language: Middle Indo-Aryan (pra) [Southern Brāhmī (other) (brāhmī_southern_other)].

Repository: Satavahana (tfb-satavahana-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSKnI00092.

File path: texts/DHARMA_INSKnI00092.xml.

Version: 2026-08-03 20:48 (d1750c9), last modified 2026-07-18 17:55 (3a05cfa).

Edition

⟨1⟩ t(o)ḍakulasa kacūkāniyāt(a)na

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ kacūkāniyāt(a)na ⬦ kacūkā ni(cā)tāna N&vH • Zin 2018, p. 99 reads toḍakulasa kacha kāniyo bhāna, which does not make sense. The mark above the left arm of the ya, interpreted by the previous editors as a cā, is probably just an accident of engraving, by a hand whose skills were limited. A similar unnecessary stroke may be seen to the left of the t(o). See Cone 2001–2010, s.v. niyyātana; Edgerton 1953, s.v. niryātanā. See also von von Hinüber 2016, n. 46. My understanding of kacūkāniyāt(a)na as a compound is tentative. An alternative would be to understand kacūkā niyāt(a)na as two nominatives, in which case the phrasing would be that of a donative record. However, and even if niryātana is an attested synonym of dāna, I think that the choice of word was informed by the wish to label a scene representing (as symbolised by the bhṛṅgāra) the handing over of the encasing slabs from the donors to the monks in charge of the caitya.

Translation

The consigning of the dome slabs of Toḍa’s family.

Bibliography

This edition, based on photographs, by Vincent Tournier. Encoded in XML by Fu Fan in May 2025.

Primary

[N&vH] Nakanishi, Maiko & Oskar von Hinüber. 2014. Kanaganahalli inscriptions. Annual report of the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2013, Vol. 17, Supplement. Tokyo: International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology, Soka University. Pages 67–68, section II.4, item 23.

[MASI] Poonacha, K. P. 2011. Excavations at Kanaganahalli (Sannati), taluk Chitapur, dist. Gulbarga, Karnataka. Memoirs of the Archaeological Survey of India 106. New Delhi: Archaeological Survey of India. Page 467, item 138, plate CXLI, item 4, plate CII.

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<note><bibl><ptr target="bib:Zin2018_02"/><citedRange unit="page">99</citedRange></bibl> reads <foreign>toḍakulasa kacha kāniyo bhāna</foreign>, which does not make sense. The mark above the left arm of the <foreign>ya</foreign>, interpreted by the previous editors as a <foreign>cā</foreign>, is probably just an accident of engraving, by a hand whose skills were limited. A similar unnecessary stroke may be seen to the left of the <foreign>t<unclear>o</unclear></foreign>. See <bibl><ptr target="bib:Cone2001-2020_01"/></bibl>, s.v. <foreign xml:lang="pli">niyyātana</foreign>; <bibl><ptr target="bib:Edgerton1953_01"/></bibl>, s.v. <foreign xml:lang="san-Latn">niryātanā</foreign>. See also von <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hinuber2016_01"/><citedRange unit="note">46</citedRange></bibl>. My understanding of <foreign>kacūkāniyāt<unclear>a</unclear>na</foreign> as a compound is tentative. An alternative would be to understand <foreign>kacūkā niyāt<unclear>a</unclear>na</foreign> as two nominatives, in which case the phrasing would be that of a donative record. However, and even if <foreign>niryātana</foreign> is an attested synonym of <foreign>dāna</foreign>, I think that the choice of word was informed by the wish to label a scene representing (as symbolised by the <foreign>bhṛṅgāra</foreign>) the handing over of the encasing slabs from the donors to the monks in charge of the <foreign>caitya</foreign>.</note>

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