Stray plate of a foundation bordering on Halaṅan and Taratap (13th c. CE)

Editors: Arlo Griffiths, Eko Bastiawan.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKSikuLalawa.

Hand description:

Lettering characteristic of the Singasari period.

Language: Old Javanese.

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Version: (2cd45fd), last modified (44c73d6).

Edition

⟨Page 11r⟩⟨11r1⟩ṅan·, midə:r aṅulvan aṅidul atūt· pagə:r·, Asiḍaktan· lāvan· halaṅan·, muvaḥ maṅidul amnə:r· tkeṁ siku la⟨11r2⟩lavā mluk aṅulvan·, pañjaṁnya, ḍpa, 30, blaḥ, muvaḥ maṅidul· saṅkeṁ siku lalavākalihan· gaL̥ṁ lāvan· hala⟨11r3⟩ṅan·,, midə:r aṅulvan akalihan· gaL̥ṁ lāvan· halaṅan·, midə:r aṅidul akalihan· gaL̥ṁ lāvan· halaṅan· (d)u⟨11r4⟩dug· tkeṅ Ăgneya, vatə:s kulumpaṁ kinatigan· lāvan· halaṅan· kidul· taratap·, maṅulvan· saṅkeṁ ⟨11r5⟩ Ăgneya, Aniku lalavā, pañjaṁnya, ḍpa, 27, midə:r aṅidul· saṅkeṁ siku lalavākalihan· gaL̥(ṁ) lāva⟨11r6⟩n taratap·, dudug maṅidul· Atūt· piṅgirni(ṁ) kubvan asiḍaktan· lāvan· taratap·, muvaḥ Aṅulvan akalihan· ⟨11r7⟩ gaL̥ṁ lāvan· taratap·, muvaḥ midə:r aṅidul aniku lalavā, pañjaṁnya, ḍpa, 19, midə:r aṅulvan· saṅkeṁ siku ⟨11r8⟩ lalavākalihan· gaL̥ṁ lāvan· taratap·, midə:r aṅidul aniku lalavā, pañjaṁnya, ḍpa, 26, Akalihan· ⟨Page 11v⟩⟨right: 11⟩ ⟨11v1⟩ gaL̥ṁ lāvan· taratap·, midə:r aṅulvan· saṅkeṁ siku lalavākalihan· gaL̥ṁ lāvan· taratap·, dudug· maṅu⟨11v2⟩lvan· makahīṅan piṅgirniṁ kali vetan·, muvaḥ midə:r aṅidul· piṅgirniṁ kali vetan·, Akalihan· gaL̥(ṁ) lāva⟨11v3⟩n taratap·, Andə:L̥s aṅidul· saṅkeṁ kali dudug· tkeṁ gaL̥ṅ agə:ṁ kinalihan· lāvan· taratap·(,) midə:r aṅu⟨11v4⟩lvan· saṅkeṁ gaL̥ṅ agə:ṁ vatə:s kinalihan· lāvan· taratap·, Andə:L̥s aṅulvan atūt· gaL̥ṅ agə:ṁ kinalihan· ⟨11v5⟩ lāva¡n!⟨n n⟩ūṣa, midə:r aṅidul· saṅkeṁ gaL̥ṅ agə:ṁ kinalihan· lāva¡n!⟨n n⟩ūṣa, muvaḥ midə:r aṅetan andə:L̥s· makahī⟨11v6⟩ṅan piṅgirniṁ lvaḥ kulvan·, Aṅidul atūt· piṅgirniṁ lvaḥ kulvan· Aniku lalavā, pañjaṁnya, ḍpa, 49, midə:r aṅu⟨11v7⟩lvan· saṅkeṁ siku lalavātūt· piṅgir·⟨,⟩ tan padravya lvaḥ saṁ hyaṁ dharmma, midə:r aṅalor· saṅke piṅgirniṁ lvaḥ (A⌇)⟨11v8⟩niku lalavā, pañjaṁnya, ḍpa, 13, Akalihan gaL̥ṁ lāvan· taratap·, Aṅulvan· saṅkeṁ siku lalavā,

Apparatus

⟨11r1⟩⟨Page 11r⟩⟨11r1⟩ṅan· vN • The toponym truncated because of the loss of the preceding plate was probably halaṅan·. — ⟨11r1⟩ amnə:r· ⬦ umnə:r· vN.

⟨11r4⟩ saṅkeṁ ⬦ saṅke vN.

⟨11r5⟩ saṅkeṁ ⬦ saṅke vN.

Translation by Arlo Griffiths

[…] [Hala]ṅan. It turns South-West following the fence adjoining with Halaṅan. Again it goes straight South up to the sharp angle bending West, long 30 fathoms (ḍpa), blaḥ. Again it goes South from the sharp angle sharing a dike (galəṅ) with Halaṅan. It turns West sharing a dike with Halaṅan. It turns South sharing a dike with Halaṅan, reaching (dudug) up to the Southeast point — the boundary of stones (vatə̄s kulumpaṅ) are shared both with Halaṅan South [and] Taratap. It goes West from the Southeast point, making a sharp angle, long 27 fathoms. It turns South from the sharp angle sharing a dike with Taratap, reaching southward along the edge of the orchard adjoining Taratap. Again it goes West sharing a dike with Taratap; again it turns South making a sharp angle, long 19 fathoms. It turns West from the sharp angle, sharing a dike with Taratap. It turns South making a sharp angle, long 26 fathoms, sharing a dike with Taratap. It turns West from the sharp angle sharing a dike with Taratap, reaching westward until the edge of the East River, sharing a dike with Taratap. It goes straight on (andə̄ləs) to the South from the river, reaching up to the big dike shared with Taratap. It turns to the west from the big dike shared with Taratap, goes straight on to the West along the big dike shared with Nūṣa. It turns to the South from the big dike shared with Nūṣa, turns East again going straight until the edge of the West River, going South along the edge of the West River, making a sharp angle, long 49 fathoms. It turns West from the sharp angle along the edge — the Holy Foundation does not possess the river — [and] turns North from the edge of the river, making a sharp angle, long 13 fathoms, sharing a dike with Taratap. It goes West from the sharp angle, […]

Commentary

Van Naerssen (1977, p. 63) and, after him, Hadi Sidomulyo (2018, p. 237) have suggested that this stray plate belongs to a Majapahit-period charter. We deem it to belong the Singasari period based on its lettering. Since this plate has identical dimensions, it could be part of a single set with the incompletely preserved Madhawapura charter, but the lettering of the plates that are preserved of the latter seems slightly different from what we observe on the present plate.

It needs to be determined which length is intended with the phrases pañjaṁnya, ḍpa, X. In one instance, the word blaḥ appears after such a length statement. The meaning of this addition is unknown. Comparable passages in other inscriptions are very rare:

  • Tuhanyaru (5v1–2) hīṅani lmaḥnikaṁ tuhañaru, muAṅ iṁ kusambyan·, hana ta savaḥ phalaśrama paṁR̥ṇanikaṁ samasānak iṁ tuhañaru I dyaḥ makaradhvaja, savaḥ, təmpaḥ, 1, blaḥ, muvaḥ Ikaṁ samasānak iṁ kusambyan asuṁ paṁR̥ṇa I dyaḥ makaradhvaja;
  • Sobhamerta (1r4) samgət· ka{ka}nuruhan· pŭdā, kumonakən ikaṁ lmaḥ savaḥ, blaḥ təmpaḥ 1, tka rikaṅ kubvan·, pomahan·, vinli mpu⟨ṁ⟩ku I nerāñjana.

The neighboring villages Halaṅan (van Stein Callenfels 1929, p. 391) and Taratap can probably be identified with Halaṅan and Taritip in some other inscriptions:

  • Sangguran, Alasantan, Jeru-Jeru, Gulung-Gulung, Linggasuntan, Masahar, Sobhamerta: ḍapunta Taritip
  • Kaladi (6v5) śĭma, vinkas· I halaṅan·, saṁ lumbuṁ, kalaṁ saṁ saṅkəp·, vinkas· I taritip·, saṁ balikuḥ, vinkas· I ka(6v6)lpuAn·, saṁ bsi, vinkas· I vaharu, saṁ liṅga, kalaṁ saṁ rasuk·, vinkas· Iṅ gayam· tbəl·, saṁ śoca, sa(7r1)maṅkana kvaiḥni rāma tpi siriṁ milu ri kālaniṁ susukan· śĭma,
  • Bimalasrama (10r8) I sīmajaya, saṁ rusit·, saṁ vităna, saṁ boreg·, vineḥ pasǝk pagǝḥ ku 2 vḍihan· ga yu 1, I halaṅan·,

The neighboring village Nūṣa appears not to figure in other inscriptions.

Bibliography

Edited by F.H. van Naerssen in his PhD thesis (1941), without translation or commentary; his edition reproduced in van Naerssen 1977, again without translation or commentary. This digital edition by Arlo Griffiths based on photographs of the plate.

Primary

[vN] van Naerssen, Frits Herman. 1941. “Oudjavaansche oorkonden in Duitsche en Deensche verzamelingen.” PhD thesis. Leiden. Item XI, pages 115–116.

[vN] van Naerssen, Frits Herman. 1977. “Old Javanese charters re-edited and translated.” In: Catalogue of Indonesian manuscripts: Old Javanese charters, Javanese, Malay and Lampung manuscripts, Mads Lange's Balinese letters, and official letters in Indonesian languages. By Frits Herman van Naerssen, Theodoor Pigeaud and Petrus Voorhoeve. Catalogue of oriental manuscripts, xylographs, etc. in Danish collections v. 4, pt. 2. Copenhagen: Royal Library, pp. 51–64. Pages 63–64.

Secondary

Hadi Sidomulyo. 2018. “Notes on the topography of ancient Java: Identifying four sīma territories from the Majapahit period.” In: Writing for Eternity: A Survey of Epigraphy in Southeast Asia. Edited by Daniel Perret. Études thématiques 30. Paris: École française d'Extrême-Orient, pp. 223–241. Page 237.