Relief label from Borobudur's hidden base, no. 138A (8th c. CE)

Authors of digital edition: Arlo Griffiths (argr), Hedwi Prihatmoko (hepr).

Language: Sanskrit (san) [Kawi (kawi)].

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKBorobudurHB138A.

File path: xml/DHARMA_INSIDENKBorobudurHB138A.xml.

Version: 2026-02-15 00:03 (ecb62df), last modified 2026-02-14 23:43 (d3d0dc9).

Edition

⟨1⟩ (bhājana)dāna

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ bhājanadāna SL ⬦ dāna NJK.

Translation

gift of a vessel

Commentary

The inscription was missed by Kern (1896, 1917), but recognized by Krom (1927). However, Krom's reading was dāna (1927, p. 53), then corrected to bhājanadāna by Levi (1932, p. 91).

Bibliography

First published by Kern (1896); republished by the same author (1917) and subsequently by Krom (1927); this digital edition based on the 1927 publication.

Primary

[HK1] Kern, Johan Hendrik Caspar. 1896. “Over de bijschriften op het beeldhouwwerk van Boro-Boedoer.” VMKAW-L 3e reeks, 12, pp. 119–128.

[HK2] Kern, Johan Hendrik Caspar. 1917. “Over de bijschriften op het beeldhouwwerk van Boro-Budur (± 850 A. D.)” In: Verspreide geschriften, zevende deel: inscripties van den Indischen archipel, slot; de Nāgarakṛtāgama, eerste gedeelte. 's-Gravenhage: Nijhoff, pp. 145–156.

[NJK] Krom, Nicolaas Johannes. 1927. Barabudur: archaeological description, vol. I. The Hague: Nijhoff. Page 53.

[SL] Lévi, Sylvain. 1932. Mahā-karmavibhaṅga (La Grande classification des actes) et Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa (Discussion sur le MahāKarmavibhaṅga): textes sanscrits rapportés du Népal, édités et traduits avec les textes parallèles en sanscrit, en pali, en tibétain, en chinois et en koutchéen. Paris: E. Leroux. [URL]. Page 91, Tableau Comparatif, column Bb. (Panneaux de Boro-Budur), item 138-140.

Secondary

Krom, Nicolaas Johannes. 1933. “Het Karmawibhangga op Barabuḍur.” MKAW 76, serie B, no. 8, pp. 215–283. Page 264.

de Casparis, Johannes Gijsbertus. 1975. Indonesian palaeography: A history of writing in Indonesia from the beginnings to c. A.D. 1500. Handbuch der Orientalistik 3.4.1. Leiden: Brill. Page 32.

Fontein, Jan. 1989. The law of cause and effect in ancient Java. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeling Letterkunde nieuwe reeks, deel 140. Amsterdam: North-Holland. Page 61.

Reichle, Natasha. 2009. “Unfinished Business: Clues about artistic praxis from the Hidden Foot of Borobudur.” Artibus Asiae 69 (2), pp. 335–356. [URL]. Pages 352–354, Table I, item O-138.

Display Options Word Wrap Line Numbers Comments Processing Instructions

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<title>Relief label from Borobudur's hidden base, no. 138A (8th c. CE)</title>

<resp>author of digital edition</resp>

<surname>Griffiths</surname>

</persName>

<name>Hedwi Prihatmoko</name>

</persName>

</respStmt>

</titleStmt>

<authority>DHARMA</authority>

<pubPlace>Paris, Jakarta</pubPlace>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSIDENKBorobudurHB138A</idno>

<p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported

Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to

Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,

California, 94041, USA.</p>

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>

</msIdentifier>

</msContents>

<!-- If you need to identify individual hands (EGD §7.5/) in addition to one or more paragraphs of general palaeographic description, wrap <summary> around the <p> or <p>s above, and, outside <summary>, create <handNote> elements for each hand as follows:

-->

</handDesc>

</physDesc>

</msDesc>

</sourceDesc>

</fileDesc>

<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement no 809994).</p>

</projectDesc>

<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>

</prefixDef>

<p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the <ref>DHARMA_idListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>

</prefixDef>

</listPrefixDef>

</encodingDesc>

<change who="part:hepr" when="2026-02-13">encoded the inscription</change>

</revisionDesc>

</teiHeader>

<body>

<p><lb n="1"/><unclear>bhājana</unclear>dāna</p>

</div>

<lem source="bib:Levi1932_02">bhājanadāna</lem>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

<p>gift of a vessel</p>

</div>

<p>The inscription was missed by Kern (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Kern1896_02"/></bibl>, <bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Kern1917_23"/></bibl>), but recognized by Krom (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Krom1927_01"/></bibl>). However, Krom's reading was <foreign>dāna</foreign> (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Krom1927_01"/><citedRange unit="page">53</citedRange></bibl>), then corrected to <foreign>bhājanadāna</foreign> by Levi (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Levi1932_02"/><citedRange unit="page">91</citedRange></bibl>).</p>

</div>

<p>First published by Kern (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Kern1896_02"/></bibl>); republished by the same author (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Kern1917_23"/></bibl>) and subsequently by Krom (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Krom1927_01"/></bibl>); this digital edition based on the 1927 publication.</p>

<bibl n="SL"><ptr target="bib:Levi1932_02"/><citedRange unit="mixed">Page 91, Tableau Comparatif, column Bb. (Panneaux de Boro-Budur), item 138-140</citedRange></bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl><ptr target="bib:Reichle2009_01"/><citedRange unit="mixed">Pages 352–354, Table I, item O-138</citedRange></bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>