Relief label from Borobudur’s hidden base, no. 134A (8th c. CE)

Authors of digital edition: Arlo Griffiths (argr), Hedwi Prihatmoko (hepr).

Language: Sanskrit (san) [Kawi (kawi)].

Repository: Nusantara Epigraphy (tfc-nusantara-epigraphy).

Identifier: DHARMA_INSIDENKBorobudurHB134A.

File path: xml/DHARMA_INSIDENKBorobudurHB134A.xml.

Version: 2026-08-28 09:21 (65b4a42), last modified 2026-08-26 06:36 (018d9e9).

Edition

⟨1⟩ bhogī

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ bhogī HK1 SL NJK2 ⬦ goṣṭhī HK2 NJK1.

Translation

wealthy person

Commentary

Kern’s (1917) subsequent reading goṣṭhī was corrected by Lévi (1932) to bhogī, as it corresponds to mahābhoga in the Las rnam par ’byed pa, the Ye pao tch’a pie king, and the Karmavibhaṅga written in the Koutcha language.

Bibliography

First published by Kern (1896); republished by the same author (1917) and subsequently by Krom (1927); Lévi (1932) made a critical edition by making a comparison to the Karma-Vibhaṅga text from Nepal, Tibet, and China; this digital edition based on the 1927 publication by Krom and Lévi in his 1932 publication.

Primary

[HK1] Kern, Johan Hendrik Caspar. 1896. “Over de bijschriften op het beeldhouwwerk van Boro-Boedoer.” VMKAW-L 3e reeks, 12, pp. 119–128. Page 122.

[HK2] Kern, Johan Hendrik Caspar. 1917. “Over de bijschriften op het beeldhouwwerk van Boro-Budur (± 850 A. D.)” In: Verspreide geschriften, zevende deel: inscripties van den Indischen archipel, slot; de Nāgarakṛtāgama, eerste gedeelte. ’s-Gravenhage: Nijhoff, pp. 145–156. Page 150.

[NJK1] Krom, Nicolaas Johannes. 1927. Barabudur: Archaeological description, vol. I. The Hague: Nijhoff. Page 53.

[SL] Lévi, Sylvain. 1932. Mahā-karmavibhaṅga (La Grande classification des actes) et Karmavibhaṅgopadeśa (Discussion sur le MahāKarmavibhaṅga): textes sanscrits rapportés du Népal, édités et traduits avec les textes parallèles en sanscrit, en pali, en tibétain, en chinois et en koutchéen. Paris: E. Leroux. [URL]. Page 89, Tableau Comparatif, column Bb. (Panneaux de Boro-Budur), item 131-134.

[NJK2] Krom, Nicolaas Johannes. 1933. “Het Karmawibhangga op Barabuḍur.” MKAW 76, serie B, no. 8, pp. 215–283. Page 262.

Secondary

de Casparis, Johannes Gijsbertus. 1975. Indonesian palaeography: A history of writing in Indonesia from the beginnings to c. A.D. 1500. Handbuch der Orientalistik 3.4.1. Leiden: Brill. Page 32.

Fontein, Jan. 1989. The law of cause and effect in ancient Java. Verhandelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeling Letterkunde nieuwe reeks, deel 140. Amsterdam: North-Holland. Page 61.

Reichle, Natasha. 2009. “Unfinished Business: Clues about artistic praxis from the Hidden Foot of Borobudur.” Artibus Asiae 69 (2), pp. 335–356. [URL]. Pages 352–354, Table I, item O-134.

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<p>wealthy person</p>

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