Pillar from site 9 at Nagarjunakonda — reign of Siri-Ehavalacāntamūla, year 8

Editors: Arlo Griffiths, Vincent Tournier.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSEIAD00047.

Hand description:

Language: Middle Indo-Aryan.

Repository: Early Andhra (tfb-eiad-epigraphy).

Version: (77e39b7), last modified (77e39b7).

Edition

⟨1⟩ [putasa] [ma]⟨Fragment left⟩[hā]r[ā](jasa) s[i]r(i)v(ī)rapur(i)sa(data)sa ⟨2⟩ [putasa] ⟨Fragment left⟩raño vāseṭhiputa(sa) I(kh)⟨Fragment right⟩[ākunaṁ] ⟨3⟩ [siri]⟨Fragment left⟩Ehuvuḷa(cā)tamūlasa sava(chara) ⟨Fragment right⟩[Aṭha]⟨4⟩(ma) gim(ha)pakha ca(v)utha (d)ivasa pa⟨Fragment right⟩[darasa] ⟨5⟩ [siri]⟨Fragment left⟩(pa)vate vijayapure Apara(mahā)vi(na)⟨Fragment right⟩[se]⟨6⟩[li]⟨Fragment left⟩yānāṁ mahān(i)gāye seṭhivaravaḍham(āne) ⟨Fragment right⟩ ⟨7⟩ [cā]⟨Fragment left⟩(t)udi⟨⟨ṇi⟩⟩sīkasa Ar(i)yasaṁghasa se⟨Fragment right⟩[la]⟨8⟩(maḍa)vaṁ pa(ḍ)iṭhapeti bharanakalaṁ nivana ⟨Fragment right⟩[2+] ⟨9⟩ [2×](ca)na budhadha(ṁ)masa(ṁ)gha(maṁ)galo ⟨10⟩ [na]⟨Fragment left⟩(ga)ravaragīrivarane(ga)⟨Fragment right⟩[ma]⟨11⟩bahu(de)yadhaṁmakārak(o) ⟨12⟩ Upāsako caṁdasirī ca (n)[āgasi](rī) (ca) ⟨13⟩ piyabhātukā ra(ṁ)ño Ā(yu)[va]dha[n](i)⟨Fragment right⟩[k][.] [3+] ⟨14⟩ Apana mātāpi(tuno) ⟨Fragment right⟩[pūja] [2+][putabha]⟨15⟩riyañ(ā)timittasāla ⟨Fragment right⟩[…] ⟨16⟩ (gaṁ) puña[ṁ] ⟨⟨dā⟩⟩(Apanā) (ji) [1×]⟨Fragment right⟩[…] ⟨17⟩ ma(na) sukhathanāya

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ [mahā]r[ā]jasa s[i]r(i)v(ī)rapur(i)sadatasa ⬦ s(i)rivīrapurasadatasa Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 • Sircar notes: “The damaged aksharas appear to be sidhaṁ raño” (Sircar [1966] 1963–1964, pp. 8, n. 3). However, judging from the parallel EIAD 48, two lines seem to be missing above this.

⟨3⟩ Ehuvuḷa(cā)tamūlasa ⬦ Ehuvuḷacāntamūlasa Sircar [1966] 1963–1964.

⟨3-4⟩ [aṭha](ma) • We follow here the restoration suggested by Sircar [1966] 1963–1964, on the basis of the comparison with the closely related EIAD 48. However, the restoration satama can not be excluded, and the apparent absence of akṣaras before ma at the beginning of l. 4 is surprising.

⟨4⟩ ca(v)utha ⬦ cavuṭha Sircar [1966] 1963–1964. — ⟨4⟩ pa⟨Fragment right⟩[darasa] • Thus also Sircar [1966] 1963–1964. Cf. EIAD 48, l. 6, where the reading of this word is alas problematic.

⟨6⟩ -yānāṁ ⬦ -yānā Sircar [1966] 1963–1964. — ⟨6⟩ seṭhivaravaḍham(āne) • There is enough space for one or two more akṣara after the break, but the parallel from EIAD 48 does not have anything before the word (cātudisika)sa.

⟨7⟩ [cā]⟨Fragment left⟩(t)udi⟨⟨ṇi⟩⟩sīkasa ⬦ …sikasa Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 • Sircar notes : “The damaged aksharas at the beginning of the line look like a initial Udini°” (Sircar [1966] 1963–1964, pp. 9, n. 1). The parallel text from EIAD 48, l. 9 is also damaged but can be read (cātudisi)kasa. We therefore expect that cātudisikasa was intended also here.

⟨8⟩ (maḍa)vaṁ ⬦ (ḍa)va Sircar [1966] 1963–1964. — ⟨8⟩ pa(ḍ)iṭhapeti ⬦ padiṭhapeti Sircar [1966] 1963–1964. — ⟨8⟩ bharanakalaṁ ⬦ bhara(sa)laṁ Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 • The shape of the ra is curious, but we take the mark before it as an accident of the stone. Sircar notes: “The intended reading (for bhara-) seems to be bhaḍāra- or bhaṁḍāra-; the lost aksharas are -ya niṭha-” (Sircar [1966] 1963–1964, pp. 9, n. 3).

⟨9⟩ (ca)na ⬦ veti Sircar [1966] 1963–1964. — ⟨9⟩ -sa(ṁ)gha(maṁ)galo ⬦ saṁghamagala Sircar [1966] 1963–1964.

⟨10⟩ [na]⟨Fragment left⟩(ga)ravara ⬦ … vara Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 • But Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 suggests restoring nagara.

⟨11⟩ -dhaṁmakārak(o)-dhamakāraka Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 • There is no trace of an akṣara after this word, and in the light of the parallel in EIAD 48 we don’t expect anything before upāsako. This implies that l. 11 was shorter than l. 10, and especially much shorter than ll. 12-14. The last words of these lines were apparently written on the lateral face of the pillar, whose front face narrows in its center.

⟨12⟩ (U)pāsako caṁdasirī ⬦ (U)phāsako ca(da)sirī Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 • With correction of phā to . — ⟨12⟩ (n)[āgasi](rī ca)(nā)[gasiri] Sircar [1966] 1963–1964.

⟨13⟩ piyabhātukā ra(ṁ)ño ⬦ piyabhātuko raño Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 • EIAD 48, l. 13, also preserves what might be read as a ko. Emend accordingly. — ⟨13⟩ Ā(yu)[vadha](n)⟨Fragment right⟩[ik][.]Ā(yu)[vadhanike] Sircar [1966] 1963–1964.

⟨14-15⟩ [putabha]riyañ(ā)timittasāla ⬦ … riyake nimitta sālā Sircar [1966] 1963–1964Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 suggests a reconstruction [pūjā bha]riyake.

⟨16⟩ (gaṁ) puña[ṁ]⟨⟨dā⟩⟩_(Apanā ji)[1×]…purato (kā)rāpitā… Sircar [1966] 1963–1964 • Compare EIAD 48, l. 16. We tentatively suppose that dātā, to be understood as dataṁ, was intended here as well.

⟨17⟩ ma(na)- ⬦ (mane) Sircar [1966] 1963–1964.

Translation

(1–5) In the (eighth) year of King Vāsithīputa (Siri-)Ehuvulacāntamūla of the Ikṣvākus, (son) of Great King Siri-Vīrapurisadatta, son of…, in the fourth fortnight of summer, on the fifteenth day.

(5–17) In Siripavvata, at Vijayapura, for the great school of the Aparamahāvinaseliyas, in the estate of the excellent Guild’s Chief, the lay follower Candasiri, honoring the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Saṅgha, the bestower of many pious gifts at excellent cities, mountains and market-places, and (his) beloved brother Nāgasiri, established a stone maṇḍapa for the noble community of the four directions... bharanakala ... (for the) increase of the life-span of the king, in homage to his parents, he gave (the first?) share of the merit to his son(s), wife, relatives, friends, and brother(s)-in-law. (This is also) for his own happiness ...

Commentary

(9) budha_dha(ṁ)masa(ṁ)gha(maṁ)galo1

(7) [cā]⟨Fragment left⟩(t)udi⟨⟨ṇi⟩⟩sīkasa2

Bibliography

First described and edited by Sircar [1966] 1963–1964, pp. 7–9 (2.A). Re-edited here from published documentation and after autopsy of the stone.

Secondary

No name. 1887–. Annual report on Indian epigraphy. Madras; Calcutta; New Delhi: Government of Madras; Archaeological Survey of India. Pages 1938–39: 71, no. B.452;.

No name. 1887–. Annual report on Indian epigraphy. Madras; Calcutta; New Delhi: Government of Madras; Archaeological Survey of India. Pages 1945–46: no. B.195.

No name. 1887–. Annual report on Indian epigraphy. Madras; Calcutta; New Delhi: Government of Madras; Archaeological Survey of India. Pages 1959–60: no. B.100.

Srinivasan, P. R. and S. Sankaranarayanan. 1979. Inscriptions of the Ikshvāku period. Epigraphical Series 14. Hyderabad: Govt. of Andhra Pradesh. Page no. 39.

Tsukamoto Keishō 塚本啓祥. 1996. インド仏教碑銘の研究 I, Text, Note, 和訳 Indo Bukkyō himei no kenkyū I: Text, Note, Wayaku [A comprehensive study of the Indian Buddhist inscriptions, Part I: Text, Notes and Japanese Translation]. Kyōto-shi 京都市: Heirakuji Shoten 平楽寺書店. Page no. Naga 53.

Raghunath, K. 2001. The Ikṣvākus of Vijayapuri: A study of the Nagarjunakonda inscriptions. Delhi: Eastern Book Linkers. Pages 135–7, no. 30.

Notes

  1. 1. Literally, ‘for whom the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Saṅgha are auspicious’. The expression is rare, as far as we know, but it occurs in the Mahāvastu, within the Abhiyavastu, as an epithet of Uttiya. Cf. Mahāvastu (ed. Senart 1882–1897) I 36: śraddhāprasanno buddhadharmasaṁghamaṅgalo nandādīnāṁ bhikṣūṇām abhiprasanno.
  2. 2. This probably stands for [cātu]disikasa, being part of the formula of the universal community.