Tiruvōṟṟiyūr, Ādhipurīśvara, time of Rājendra Cōḻa, year 29

Version: (b7b08a8), last modified (9479a5f).

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⟨1⟩ [svasti śrī] tirumaṉ¡n!vaḷara Irunila maṭan=taiyum pōrcc¿a?ya-p pāvaiyum c¿i?rttanic ce[lviyum]

⟨2⟩ [taṉ] perun=t¿a?viyar [āki iṉpu]ṟa neṭ¿u?t¿u?y¿i?l¿u?ḻiyu¿l? Iṭ¿ai?tuṟai nāṭu⟨m⟩ tuṭarvaṉa vēli paṭarvaṉa

⟨3⟩ [vā]ciyuñ cuḷḷi-c cūḻmati¿ṭ? koḷḷi [pākkaiyu]⟨m⟩ naṇṇaṟa karumuraṇ maṇṇai-k kaṭa⟨kka⟩mu[m]

⟨4⟩ poru[kaṭal ¿i?]ḻatt’ ar¡ai!cartam ⟨m⟩uṭiyum Āṅkavaṉ ṟēviyar oṅkeḻil muṭiyum muṉṉavar pakka[l]

⟨5⟩ teṉṉavaṉ vaitta cun=tara muṭiyum [Intiraṉ āramu]⟨m⟩ [teṇṭi¿c?ai y-¿i?ḻa-ma]ṇṭala⟨m⟩ muḻuvatum [Eṟipa]-

⟨6⟩ ⌈ṭ[ai]-k kēraḷaṉ muṟaimaiyiṟ cūṭuṅ kulataṉam ākiya palarpukaḻ muṭiyuñ ceṅkatir mālaiyuñ c¿a?-

⟨7⟩ katir vēlai-t tol peruṅkāval palpaḻan=t¿i?vum ceruviṟ ciṉavil irupattoru kāl {av}araicu

⟨8⟩ kaḷaikaṭ⟨ṭa⟩ paracurāmaṉ mēvaruñ cān=timan t¿i?varaṇ karuti Iruttiya cempoṟ ṟiruttaku muṭiyum payaṅ-

⟨9⟩ ⌈koṭu paḻimika muyaṅkiyil mutukiṭṭ’ oḷitta cayaciṅkaṉ Aḷapperum pukaḻoṭum p¿i?ṭi⟨yal⟩ Ira-

⟨10⟩ ṭṭa pāṭi Ē⟨ḻa⟩rai y-ilakkamum navaniti-k kulapperu malai⟨ka⟩ḷum vikkirama virar cakkara-⟨k⟩ koṭṭamum mutir ¿v?aṭa val-

⟨11⟩ lai matura-maṇṭalamum kāmiṭai vaḷa¿r? nāmaṇaik kō[ṇamum] veñci¡na! v¿i?rar pañca-p paḷḷiyum pācaṭai-

⟨12⟩ [-p pa]ḻana mācuṇi-⟨t⟩ tēcamum ayarvil{v}aṇ k¿i?rtti yātinaka ravaiyiṟ can=tira¡n! ṟolkulat tin=tira ra¡caḻai! viḷiyama-

⟨13⟩ r-k kaḷattu-k kiḷaiyoṭum piṭittu-p palata¡n!a-t toṭuniṟai kulata¡n!a-k kuvaiyuṅ kiṭṭaruñ ceṟimiḷai y-oṭ[ṭa]

⟨14⟩ vi⟨k⟩ayamum pūcurar cēranal-k kōcal¡ai! nāṭun= ta pālaṉai vemmuṉai y-aḻittu vaṇ¡ṭuṟai! cōlai-t taṇṭa

⟨15⟩ puttiyum iraṇa cūraṇai muraṇu[ṟa]t tākkit tikka¿ṉ?ai k¿i?rtti-t ta[k]kaṇa lāṭamuṅ kōvin=ta can=ta¡n! māviḻin=tōṭa-t ta-

⟨16⟩ ṅkāta cāral vaṅkāḷa tēcamun= toṭukaṭaṟ caṅk¡a! ¡voṭṭal! ma¡hi!-pālaṉai veñcamar viḷākatt’ añcuvi-t taru[ḷi]

⟨17⟩ oṇṭiṟal yāṉaiyum peṇṭirpaṇ ṭāramum nittala{r} neṭuṅkaṭal uttira lāṭamum ve¿ḷ?imalar t¿a?tta-t eṟipu¡n!al

⟨18⟩ kaṅkaiyum alaikaṭal naṭuvuḷ palakalañ celutti-c caṅkirāma vicayō-t tuṅka vanma¡n! ākiya kaṭāratt’ ar¡ai!caṉai-

⟨19⟩ vāk¡ai!yam porukaṭal kumpa-k kariyoṭum akappaṭum {akappaṭum kaṭappat’} urimaiyil piṟakkiya perun¡e!ti-p piṟakkamu-

⟨20⟩ m ārttava¡n a![ka] nakara pōr-t toḻil vācalil viccātira toraṇamum m¡o!ttoḷi⟨r⟩ pu¡n!a maṇi-p putava-

⟨21⟩ muṅ ka¡n!amaṇi-k katavam⟨um⟩ niṟai-¡!⟨r⟩ vi¡ja!yamu⟨m⟩ tuṟain¿i?r-p panṇaiyum ¡v!a¡n!malai y-¿u?r¡ai!yiṟ ¡ceran! malai y-¿u?rum āḻkaṭal aka-

⟨22⟩ ḻ cūḻ māyir¡i!¡a!ṅkamuṅ kalaṅkā valviṉai ilaṅkā ¡t!ō¡p!amuṅ kāppuṟu niṟaipu¡n!al māppa pāḷamuṅ kāval{am}

⟨23⟩ puricai mēvili [pa]ṅkamuṅ viḷaippan= tūṟuṭai vaḷaippan= tūṟun= kalāmutir [ka]ṭun=tiṟal ilāmuri tēcamun= ¿ta?laitta-k kōrpukaḻ ¿ka?lai-t takkōlamuṅ ¿ki?tamar

⟨24⟩ valviḻai mātam¿a? liṅkamuṅ t¿a?¡n!a-k kalārpoḻil mānakka vāramu=n toṭ¡u!kaṭaṟ kā-

⟨25⟩ val ka[ru]mura[ṭ] kaṭāramum māpporu taṇṭāṟ [koṇṭa] kō-p-para-kēsari-vanmar-ā¡n!a Uṭaiyār śrījendra-coḷa-devarkku yā

⟨26⟩ ṇṭu 2 10 9 Āvatu jayaṅkoṇṭa-coḻa maṇṭalattu eyiṟ-koṭṭattu nakaram kāñcipurattu tiruvēkam-

⟨27⟩ pam-uṭaiya mahā-tevar makaḷ nakkaṉ-kōtai-y-āṉa kāñcipura naṅkai tiruvoṟṟiyūr-uṭaiya-mahātēva-

⟨28⟩ rkku Āṭṭāṇṭu tōṟum putiyitu tiruvamirtu ceytaruḷavum cattira-cālaikaḷukkum pa[la]paṇi nivan=ta-

⟨29⟩ kkāṟarkkum putiyit’ uṇṇavum vēṇṭum vicattukku It-tēvar tēvatāṉam Ikaṇaiyūr-¿u?-

⟨30⟩ ⌉m koṇṭa poṉṉāl Āṭṭāṇṭu tōṟum Uṭaiyār pērum paṇṭārattu kārā-

⟨31⟩ ṇai viṭaṅkaṉ marakkālāl aḷappatāṉa palicai nellu irupattaiṅ kalam iṉ-ṉel-

⟨32⟩ lu irupattaiṅ kalattukkuñ celav’āka uṭaiyārkku Amirtu ceytaruḷa Arici kalamum neyya-

⟨33⟩ mirtu nāḻikkum caṟkaraiyamirtu nāḻiyurikkum paruppamirtu nāḻikkum tayiramirtu n-

⟨34⟩ ā-nāḻikkum puḷiṅkaṟi-y-amirtukkum miḷakuṅ kaṭukuñ cirakamum mañcaḷukkum pala-kaṟiyamir-

⟨35⟩ tukkum vāḻaippaḻattukkum Aṭaikkāy-amirtukkum āka nellu mukkala¡n!ē tūṇi-p-patakkum kārā-

⟨36⟩ ṇai viṭaṅka-tēvarkku tiruvamirtukku Arici kuṟuṇiyum kṣetrapāla tēvarkum cūriya-tevaṟkum A

⟨37⟩ ṟiñc¿i?śvaram-uṭaiyārkkum kampiśvaram-uṭaiyārkkum viṭelviṭukiśvaram-uṭaiyārkkum Arici nā-nāḻi-

⟨38⟩ -p paṭiyum tuṟkaiyārkkum Aṇukka-p piḷḷaiyārkkum Arici Iru-nāḻi-p paṭiyum It-tēvarkaḷu-

⟨39⟩ kku ney-y-amirtukkum kaṟi-y-amirtukkum-āṉa nelluk kalamum māṭā-pattiyañ ceyvārkku

⟨40⟩ [*]y kuṟuṇiyum tiruvārātaṉai ceyvārkku Arici Aṟu-nāḻiyum tēvarā-māṇikaḷukku Arici tūṇiyum tiruppatiyam viṇṇappañ ceyvārkku Arici kuṟuṇiyum tiru[ṉa]nir cumappā[r]kku ariciku¿ṇ?ṇi

⟨41⟩ [Iru]nāḻiyum tiru⟨p⟩[pa]ḷḷittāmam paṟippā⟨r⟩kku Arici patakkun nāḻiyum tiruppaḷḷittoṅkal iṭuvārkku Aric¿u? mu-

⟨42⟩ -k kuṟuṇiyum tirumeykāppārkku Arici tūṇiyum tirupp¿i?ṭameka-k kāvitiraṉukku Arici-kuṟuṇi nā-nāḻiyum

⟨43⟩ [ci]va taruma[vā]cippā¡n!ukkum śrīmaṟ-k¿i?rtti vācippā¡n!u(kku)m stotram viṇṇappañ cevānukkum sāma-

⟨44⟩ vētam viṇṇappañ ceyvā¡n!ukkum tirupūcaikaṭ[ṭu]¡n!ukkum tiruvāykkē¿ḻ?vi Uṭaiyā¡n!ukkum

⟨45⟩ civa-paṇṭār¿i?kaḷukkum tēvarkanmikaḷukkum tirumuṉṉaṭippā⟨r⟩kkum tanmāsa¡n!añ cey-

⟨46⟩ ¡n!ukkum vakkāṇikkum paṭṭa¡n!ukkum āka pati¡n!ālvarkku Arici-k kuṟuṇi nā-nāḻiyum taḷai

⟨47⟩ [***]va [**]kala nel tūṇi pata [****]vārkku Arici tūṇiyum Uṭu⟨k⟩[kai] vācippā¡n!ukkum viṇaivā-

⟨48⟩ cippā¡n!ukkum pāṭaviya¡n!ukkum [*********]kku Arici kuṟu[ṇiyum] tēvaraṭiyārkku Arici kala¡n!ē

⟨49⟩ [**]kkum [**] Arici Eḻu kuṟuṇiyum [*****] arici tūṇippatakkum tiruppaḷḷiccivikaiyārkku arici

⟨50⟩ kuṟuṇi [nā]-nāḻiyum Āṉai meyppārkkum [kucava¡n!ukkum] mālaikāra¡n!ukkum Aṇu[kki vāḷ] māṟuva¡n!ukkum tēvar ce-

⟨51⟩ vi[******]kum pērāl Arici Iru-nāḻiyum [********]kku Arici kalamum [*****] [Aṭikaḷ mā]rkku Arici tūṇi-p-patak-

⟨52⟩ kum kālum piṭāruñ ceyvārkku Arici kuṟuṇiyum [*****]kku Arici Iru-tūṇiyum paṭṭarkaḷukku A-

⟨53⟩ rici tūṇi-p-patakkum cāttira⟨ttu⟩kku Aricikku aricikala¡n!ē tūṇiyum maṭaiyarkku ⟨a⟩rici kuṟuṇiyum Āka aricipatiṉ kala¡n!ē p

⟨54⟩ mukkuṟuṇiyi¡n!āl Iraṭṭi nellu Irupatiṉ [ka]la¡n!ē [tū]ṇi-p-patakkum āka nellu irupattaiṅ kalamum Āṭṭāṇ-

⟨55⟩ ṭu tōṟum candrādittavarai It-tēvar paṇṭārattu Aḷappomā¡n!ōm Ikaṇaiyūr ⟨ū⟩rōm

Apparatus

⟨3⟩ naṇṇaṟk’ arumaraṇnaṇṇaṟa karumuraṇ SII.

⟨14⟩ cērnalcēranal SII.

⟨15⟩ muraṇu[ṟa]muraṇu[ra] SII.

⟨20⟩ ārttava¡n a!⟨ṉ a⟩[ka]ārttava¡n!⟨ṉ⟩[kara] SII.

⟨24⟩ kalārpoḻilkavārpoḻil SII.

⟨25⟩ ka[ṭu]mura[ṭ]ka[ru]mura[ṭ] SII.

Translation

⟨1⟩ Prosperity! Fortune!

⟨2–25⟩ Meykkīrtti of Rājendra Cōḻa:

  • While Fortune (tiru) was perduring (maṉṉi) and growing (valaṛa), while the goddess of the great (iru) earth (nilam), the goddess of victory in war, and the unique goddess of fame rejoiced (iṉpuṟa) to have become (āki) his great (pērum) queens (tēviyar), in the extensive span of [Rājendra’s] age, [he conquered…]
  • ⟨2⟩ the country of Iṭaituṟai;1
  • Vaṉavāci,2 whose warriors (paṭar) / where spread (paṭar from paṭartal) had fences (vēli) of continuous (tuṭar) forests (vāṉam) [as protection]; / and Vanavāci, which is fenced by continuous forests;
  • Koḷḷippākkai,3 whose walls (matil) were surrounded (cuḻ) by cuḷḷi trees;
  • Maṇṇaikaṭakkam,4 whose fortifications (araṇ) were difficult (arum) to approach (naṇṇaṟku);
  • the crown (muṭi) of the kings of Īḻam (īlattu aracar), an [impetuous] sea (kaṭal) in fighting (poru), and the exceedingly (oṅku) beautiful (eḻil) crowns (muṭi) of the queens (tēviyar) of that [king];
  • the beautiful crown ((cuntaramuṭi)) and the pearl necklace ((āram)) of Intiraṉ, which the king of the south ((teṉṉavaṉ, i.e. Pāṇṭiyaṉ)) had previously (muṉ) given up (vaitta) to (pakkal) that (avar) [[king of Īḻam]];5
  • the whole (muḻuvatum)() Īḻamaṇṭalam on the shining (teḷ) sea (tirai);6
  • the crown praised (pukaḻ) by many and the red-light emitting garland (ceṅkatir mālai), which are (ākiya) family-treasures (kula taṉam) which the Kēraḷa king, with a shooting/conquering (eṟi) army (paṭai), by due [[right of birth]] (muṟaimaiyiṟ) wore (cūṭum);7
  • many (pal) ancient (paḻan) islands (), whose old [(told)] and great guard (perum kāval) was the sea (vēlai) which resounds with with conches;8
  • the crown (muṭi) of pure gold (cem poṉ), worthy (taku) of Lakṣmī, which Paracurāmaṉ, having considered (karuti) the fortifications (araṇ) of Cāntimattīvu, impossible (aṟu) to conquer (mēvu), had deposited [[there]] (iruttiya), when, in anger (cinavil), he uprooted (kaḷaikaṭṭa)() kings/kṣatriyas (araicu) twenty-one times (kāl) in battle (ceruvil);
  • the seven and a half lakṣas (ilakkamum) of Iraṭṭapāṭi, [(through the conquest of whose)] throne (pīṭi) immeasurable (Aḷapperum) fame arose, [(and which he took from)] Jayasimha, who, out of fear (payam koṇṭu) and while blame (paḻi) increased (mika), gave/turned/showed (iṭṭu) his back (mutuku) at Mucaṅki/Muyangi and hid himself (oḷitta);9
  • and great Kula-mountain-loads of treasures consisting of navaniti;
  • Cakkara-k-kōṭṭam, whose warriors were brave;10
  • Maturamaṇṭalam, whose fortresses (vallai) touch the clouds (mutirpaaṭa);
  • fertile Nāmaṇai-k-kōṇai, which was ringed by groves;
  • Pañca-p-paḷḷi, whose warriors have cruel bows (veñ cilai)
  • Mācuṇitēcam, with green (pācu aṭai) paddy fields (paḻaṉam);
  • a large (niṟai) heap (kuvai) of family-treasures (kulataṉa), together with many (pala) [(other)] treasures (taṉattoṭu)(), [(which he carried away)] after having seized the king [intirataṉ] of the old race [tol kulam] of the moon [cantiraṉ], together with his family [kiḷaiyōṭum], in a roaring ([viḷi] battlefield [amar kaḷattu] in the hall at Ātinakar, famous [kīrtti] for its unceasing [ayarvil] abundance [vaḷ];
  • Oṭṭaviṣayam, which was difficult (arum) to approach (kiṭṭu) [[due to]] thick (ceṟi) woods (miḷai);
  • the good Kōcalai-nāṭu, where Brāhmaṇas assembled;
  • Taṇṭaputti (Daṇṭa-bhukti), in whose gardens bees abounded, [(and which he acquired)] after having destroyed Dharmapālaṉ in a hot battle;
  • Takkaṇalāṭam (Dakṣina-Lāṭa), famous ((kīrtti)) in [(all)] directions, after having attacked [(tākki)] Raṇacūraṉ with (uṟa) strength (muraṇ);
  • Vaṅkāḷatēcam, where the rain ((cāral)) never stopped ((taṅkāta)), while Kōvinta cantiraṉ, whose fortune/horse () diminished/weakened (iḻintu) and fled (ōṭa);
  • elephants ((yāṉai)) of rare ((oṇ)) strength ((tiṟal)) and treasures ((paṇṭāram)) of women (peṇṭir), after gladly (aruḷi) frightening (añcuvittu) on a hot battle-field (viḷākattu) Makipālaṉ, of Caṅkukoṭṭam, which is near the deep (toṭu) sea (kaṭal);
  • (X)

Commentary

⟨23⟩ kalāmutir kaṭuntiṟal ilāmuri tēcamum. Original inverts lines: content of verse no. 65 appears as verse no. 62, disrupting the verse sequence.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1912-1913 (ARIE/1912-1913/B/1912/139).

Edited in Swaminathan 2019 (SII 38.139).

This edition by Renato Dávalos (2025), based on Swaminathan 2019.

Primary

[SII] Swaminathan, S. 2019. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XXXVIII: Inscriptions collected during the year 1912. South Indian Inscriptions 38. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director General). Pages 149–152, item 139.

Secondary

ARIE 1912-1913. G.O. No. 961, 2nd August 1913. Epigraphy. Recording the progress report of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for [Epigraphy], Southern Circle, for the year 1912-1913. Edited by H. Krishna Sastri. No place, 1913. Page 21, appendix B/1912, item 139.

Notes

  1. 1. This is identified with Eḍatore, which is the territory of Raichur district.

  2. 2. This is Banawāsi in north Kanara coast, capital of the Kadamba kings>

  3. 3. NS identifies this with Kulpak, north of Hyderabad.

  4. 4. Probably Mānyakheṭa, in Northern Karnataka; apparently a pavilion in the name of this city was built in Tiruvōṟṟiyūr. NS wonders whether this indicates the first or second campaign against Satyashraya of the Western Calukyas. Until here, he thinks all these places refer to just one long military campaign to the north.

  5. 5. The king of Laṅka had offered refuge to the Pandya king previously, who had left his regalia there.

  6. 6. NS: This is the end of the Sri Laṅka campaign.

  7. 7. This is the beginning of the Southern campaign, even though these territories were already annexed.

  8. 8. These are probably the Maldives and islands in the Arabian sea.

  9. 9. This is the record of the war against the Rastrakutas, under king Jayasiṁha III. “the seven and a half lakṣas of Iraṭṭapāḍi” have to be taken as formulaic since the Cholas did not conquer the whole of it.

  10. 10. Here begins the record of the second phase of the campaign—the march of the army through Kalinga and Odda to the Ganges, and the advance of Rajendra himself to the Godavari and beyond to protect the rear of the Ganges expeditionary force.