Tiruvōṟṟiyūr, Ādhipurīśvara, time of Rājendra Cōḻa, year 29

Authors of digital edition: Renato Dávalos (reda), Margherita Trento (matr), G. Vijayavenugopal (vija).

Languages: Sanskrit (san), Source (source), Tamil (tam).

Version: (b7b08a8), last modified (9479a5f).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī tirumaṉṉi viḷaṅkum irukuva ṭaṉaiyataṉ tōḷum vāḷun=tuṇaiyeṉa-k keḷalar vañcaṉai kaṭan=ta vayirā karattu-k kuñcara-k kuḻāmpala vāri y-eñcalil cakkara-⟨k⟩ kōṭṭattu-t tārā varacaṉai-t tikku nikaḻat⟨ar⟩ tiṟaikoṇ ṭaruḷi arukka ¡n!utaiya-t tācaiyi lirukkuṅ {kamalam aṉaiya arukka¡n!utaiya-t tācaiyi lirukkuṅ} kamalam aṉaiya nilamakaḷ taṉṉai muṉṉir-k kuḷitta va¿ṉṉ?āḷ tirumāl āti-k keḻal āki ⟨eṭu-t taṉṉa⟩ yātuñ caliyā vakaiyiṉit’ eṭuttu taṉkuṭai niḻaṟk¿i?ḻ Iṉpuṟa v-iruttit tikiriyām puliyān1 ticaitoṟum naṭātti-p pukaḻuṉ tarumamum puvitoṟum niṟutti v¿i?ramun=tiyākumum māṉamuṅ karuṇaiyum urimai-c cuṟṟam āka-p piriyā-t ta⟨rā⟩tala⟨m⟩ nikaḻa cayamu=n tāṉumv¿i?ṟ ṟirun=tu kulamaṇi makuṭa⟨m⟩ muṟaimaiyil cūṭi-t taṉkaḻal tarātipar cūṭa-c ceṅkōl ṉāvalam puvitoṟum naṭāttiya korājakesaripanmar-āṉa Uṭaiyār śrī-rājentra-cōḻa-tēvarkku yāṇṭu iraṇṭāvatu jayaṅkoṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭalattu puḻaṟ-kōṭṭattu-p puḻal-ṉāṭṭu tiruvōṟṟiyūr-uṭaiyār-kōyil kārāṇai viṭaṅka tēvar⟨tiruccā⟩n=tāṭalukku vēṇṭum nivan=taṅkaḷukku seṉāpatikaḷ cōḻa-maṇṭalatt’ uyyakkoṇṭār vaḷaṉāṭṭu tir(ai)m¿u?r-ṉāṭṭu na(ṭā)r kiḻār rājarājaṉ paranirupa rākṣasaṉār-āṉa v¿i?ra-cōḻa Iḷaṅkōveḷār It-tēvar paṇṭārattu Oṭukkiṉa aṉṟāṭu ṉaṟkācu Irunūṟṟu ṉāṟpatu Ik-kācu Irunūṟṟu ṉāṟpatum It-tēvar paṇṭārattu Oṭukki Ik-kācukku It-devatāṉam puḻaṟ-kōṭṭattu-p puḻal-ṉāṭṭu maṇali-y-āṉa ciṅkaviṣṇu-c-catu(r)vēti-maṅkalattusabhaiyōm Iṉ-nāṭṭu Ampilvāyilum Ikaṇaiyūrum puliyūr-k-kōṭṭattu tuṭarmuṉṉi nāṭṭu veḻcāṟṟum eḻumūr-ṉāṭṭu-p pirampukka-karattum ūrōm nilavilaiyā

⟨2⟩ vaṇa-k kaiyeḻuttu Ik-kōyilil ātidāsa-caṇṭeśvarar pakkal ciṅkaviṣṇu-c-catu(r)vvēti maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm kācu Aṟupatu koṇṭuviṟṟu-k kuṭutta nilattukku-k k¿i?ḻ pāṟkellai maturān=taka-vatikku mēṟkum teṉpāṟkellai Oṭaikkālukkum meṭṭu maḻapaṭṭi varampukku vaṭakkum mēlpāṟkellai karampai (nārā)yaṇaṉ mēlaittaṭiyil k¿i?ḻvarampukkum Ēṟi(lāṉa) taṭṭattukku-t teṟkil kuṇṭiliṉ k¿i?ḻ varampukkum paḷḷakkaḻuvaliṉ k¿i?ḻvarampukkum kiḻakkum vaṭapāṟkellai Āṭavallāṉ vāykkālukku teṟkum Āka Iṉ-nāṟpāl Ellaikkum naṭuvupaṭṭa nilam pati¡n!aṟucāṇ kōlāl kuḻi Āṟāyiratti¡n!āl nilam muvēliyum Iṉ-nāṭṭu Āmpilvāyil ūrōṅ kācu nāṟpatu koṇṭu viṟṟu-k-kuṭutta nilattukku-k k¿i?ḻpāṟkellai taṅkam pulatterikku-p pān=ta-vāykkālukku meṟku teṉpāṟkellai tūmpil ṉiṉṟuṅ kiḻakku nōkki-p pon=ta-vāykkālukku vaṭakkum melpāṟkellai vaṭakku nōkki-p poṉa peruvāykkālukku kiḻakkum vaṭapāṟkellai teṅkam pulacceṟuvil teṉvarampukku-t teṟkum Āka Iṉ-nāṟpāl[****]cāṇkōlāl kuḻi muvāyiratt’ eḻuṉūṟṟu toṇṇū[******] mulaittaṭi oṉṟiṉāl kuḻi Irunūṟṟu ṉālum Āka-k kuḻi nālāyirattiḻṉālum Iruvēliyum Iṉ-nāṭṭu Ikaṇaiyūr ūroṅ kācu aṟupatu koṇṭu viṟṟukkuṭutta n¿i?r-nilattukku-k k¿i?ḻpāṟkellai paṉiccai pulattukuñ ciṟu-kaṇṇāṟṟukkum maṉaiyoṭa-p pulattukkum vaṇṇakkaṉ pulattiṉ k¿i?ḻvarampu teṉpāṟkellai vaṇṇakkaṉ pulattil ṉaṭuvu meṟku nōkkiṉa vāykkālukku vaṭakkum mēlpāṟkellai vaṇṇakkaṉ pulattiṉ mēlai-t taṭiyil k¿i?ḻvaram(pu)-c caṟuti y-ākavum Iv-varampiṉ kottam ciṟu kaṇṇāṟṟiṉ teṉvarampu-

⟨3⟩ kkē y-uṟavum k¿i?ḻakkum nāṟpāṟkellai paṉiccai pulattiṉ vaṭavarampukku-t teṟkum Ākam Iṉ-nāṟpāl Ellaiyil ṉaṭuvuppaṭṭa nilaṉ pati¡n!aṟucāṇ kōlāl kuḻi āṟāyiratti¡n!āl nilaṉ muvēliyum veḻccāṟṟu ūroṅ kācu ṉāṟpatu koṇṭu viṟṟukkuṭutta n¿i?rnilattukku-k k¿i?ḻpāṟkellai oḻuṅkai kāṭṭikku meṟkum teṉpāṟkellai kōḷḷāṉ(kula)māṉ Ēttattukku vaṭakkum mēlpāṟkellai vaṭuka-p peruvaḻikku-k kiḻakkum vaṭapāṟkellai viḷakkaṉ Ēttattukku-t teṟkum Āka Iṉ-nāṟpāl ellaiyil naṭuvupaṭṭa nilaṉ patiṉaṟucāṇ kōlāl kuḻi ṉālāyirattiṉāl nilaṉ Iruvēliyum piraiyapakkatt’ ūrōmkācu ṉāṟpatu koṇṭu viṟṟukkuṭutta n¿i?rnilattukku-k k¿i?ḻpāṟkellai ciṟukaḷar mēlaivara(p)pukku meṟkum teṉpāṟkellai maṭuvukku vaṭakkum mēlpāṟkellai parivārappaṭikku-k kiḻakkum vaṭapāṟkellai veṇkāṭu tēvaṉ tirunan=tavaṉakkuṭikaḷukku viṭṭa nilattukku-t teṟkum Āka Iṉ-nāṟpāl Ellaiyil naṭu Uḷpaṭṭa nilam pati¡n!aṟucāṇ kōlāl kuḻi ¡n!ālāyirattiṉāl nilam Iruvēliyum Āka Ivvañcurōmum [****]-p patiṉaṟucāṇ kōlāl kuḻi Irupattu nālāyirattiṉāl nilam paṉ¡n!iru vēliyum Iṉ-nilaṅkaḷukku Eriyāluṅ kuḷaṅkaḷālum makkaḷālum vāykkālkaḷālum kiṇaṟṟukaḷālum nirkkiyan=ta vaṇṇam pācciyum Eṟiccuṅ koḷḷa-p peṟuvat’ ākavum Emmilicain=ta vilaipporuḷ muṟṟum Aṟakko⟨ṇ⟩(ṭu ku)ṭuttōm Iṉ-nilattāl van=ta pūppoṉṉum pañcavāramum vēli-k kācum n¿i?rvilaiyum Uḷḷiṭṭa An=tarāyaṅkaḷum veṭṭi muṭṭaiyāḷ Eccoṟṟu kūṟṟu nel uḷḷiṭṭa kuṭimaikaḷ Eppeṟpaṭṭitum Eṅkaḷ Ūr-

⟨4⟩ kaḷ mēlē Eṟṟi Iṉ-nilattuvan=ta Iṟai(t)-dravyamum vilaidravyamum Āvaṇakkaḷiyē Aṟakkoṇṭu Iṉ-nilattāl van=ta Iṟai Iḻiicci Ik-kō¿liyi?l Ātidāsacaṇṭeśvaraṟku Oru kālāvatum Iru-kālāvatum mukkāl āvatum Emmilicain=ta poruḷaṟakkoṇṭu vilaiyaṟaviṟṟu’k kuṭuttōm ciṅkaviṣṇu-c-caturvvēti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōmum Āmpilvāyilum Ikaṇaiyūrum veḻcāṟṟum piramapākkattum ūrkaḷōm ciṅkaviṣṇu-c-caturvvēti-maṅkalattu yajña(hma)(ṇaṉ kaṇi)mattu-k karumāṇikka-k kiramavitta¡n!ēṉ ceṭṭayakkiramavitta¡n!ēṉ Āmpilvāyil veḷḷā⟨ḷa⟩ṉ ē⟨ṉ⟩ maṇalūr kiḻavaṉ cūṟṟi Oṟṟikoṇṭā¡n!ēṉ cūṟṟi kuñciramalla¡n!ēṉ Ikaṇaiyūr veḷḷāḷaṉ Amutaṅkiḻavaṉ ṉiṉṟā(ṉā)ṉa ūṉamiliyēṉ veḻcāṟṟu-c civaṉ puṟavaṉ kāḷai Oṟṟikoṇṭānēṉ ciṟṟāṉ pākkiḻāṉ veḷḷāḷa-p pākkā¡n!ēṉ vic(ai)ya-p pākkattu māyaṇam pocaṉ kāvaṉ perumā¡n!ē(kē) māyaṇam pocaṉ perumāḷ kañca¡n!ēṉ ⁋ Ivvūrkaḷilār pakkal Ik-kōyilil Ātidāsa-caṇṭeśvara-kācu Iru-nūṟṟu ṉāṟpatu kuṭuttu-k koṇṭa nilaṉ paṉ¡n!iru-vēli Iṉveli ṉūṟṟu Eḻupattāṟu kalatti¡n!āl kācu oṉṟukku Arumoḻitēvaṉ marakkālāl nellu(n)āṟkalam āk-kācu ṉūṟṟu ṉāṟpattu nālu Ik-kācu ṉūṟṟu nāṟpattu nālum Āṭṭāṇṭu toṟum ṉiṉṟiṟaiyāka Iṟuppatāka Ik-kācukku nivan=tañ ceytapaṭi Uṭaiyār kā⟨rā⟩ṇai viṭaṅka tēvar tiruccān=taṭal Eḻuntaruḷu Aṟṟaikku vēṇṭum {n=}tiruvamutukaḷukku a(ri)ci coṟṟukku Arici kala¡n!ē tūṇi-p-patakk’ aṟu ṉāḻiyum tirukkāppu nāṇ vaikka Arici kuṟuṇiyum Āka Arici mukkala¡n!ē Iru-tūṇi Aṟu-ṉāḻiyiṉāl Iraṇṭañcākki ṉellu oṉpatiṉ kala¡n!ē mukkuṟuṇiyum kaṟiyamutukku (kala)¡n!(ē) tūṇi

⟨5⟩ nā-nāḻiyum tayiramutukku nellu-t tūṇi-p-patakkum Āka nellu-p patiṉ kala¡n!ē tūṇi-p-pataṟku nā-ṉāḻiṉāl kācukku nellu kalam āka kācu Iraṇṭaraiyē Araikkālum neyyamutu Iṟu-nāḻi Uḻakkum nōkku ney Iṟu-ṉāḻiyum Āka ṉey nā-nāḻi Āḻākkiṉāl kācu kālē araikkālum [*********] kācu araikkālum vāḻaippaḻam Aim-

⟨6⟩ patukku-k kācu Araikkālum miḷaku urikkum kaṭuku nāḻikkumṉ kācu Araikkālum aṭaikkāyamutukku veṟuṅkāy ṉūṟṟu nāṟpattu nālum Aṭiyārkkiṭa veṟuṅkāy Āyirattaiññūṟum Āka veṟuṅkāy Āyirattu ṉūṟṟu nāṟpattu nālukku-k kācu araiyum veṟṟilaippaṟṟu eṇpattiraṇṭukku-k kācu Araiyum cāttiyaruḷum paricaṭṭam nālukku-k kācu

⟨7⟩ Eṭṭum kaccu Iṟaṇṭukku-k kācu iraṇṭum cāttiyaruḷum cān=tu Ainūṟṟu-k kaḻañcukku-k kācupattum kaṟpūram Arai-k kaḻañcukku-k kācu oṉṟum mañcaṇai pa[**] kaḻañcukku-k kācu kālum turavu cān=tu nūṟṟu nāḻikku-k kācu pattu patiṉ palattukku- kācu Iraṇṭum tirukāppu ṉāṇukkum dekṣiṇakkum poṉ-kaḻañcē Eṭṭu mañcāṭiyiṉāl kācu Aiñcaraiyē iraṇṭu māvum veḷḷa ka-

⟨8⟩ ḻañcukku-k kācu kālum veṇkalavaṭṭil Iraṇṭukku-k kācu mukkālum pacuvukkuṅ kaṉṟukkuṅ kācu Iraṇṭum ceṅkaḻu n¿i?r tiruppaḷḷittāmam Irupati¡n!āyirattukku-k kācu pattu Eṇṇai ṉūṟṟerupattu nā-nāḻikku-k kācu Ēḻaraiyē Iraṇṭu māvum Eḷḷu-k kuṟuṇikku-k kācu araikkālum tāḷam paṇṇum patavukku puṭavai oṉṟukkum pāvāṭai-p puṭavai Oṉṟukkum kācu mukkā

⟨9⟩ lum māṭāpattiyañ ceyvārkku-p paricaṭṭam Iraṇṭukku-k kācu Iraṇṭum tiruvārātaṉai ceyyum paṇṭitarkku-p paricaṭṭam Iraṇṭukku-k kācu Iraṇṭum taḷi Oṉṟu kācu Oṉṟu vilai cikāriyam Oruvaṉukkum taḷiyilār Aivarkkum kāttappar pañcācāriyar uḷḷiṭṭār Ai(varkkum) jalli vāci⟨p⟩pāṉum Iṭakkai vācippāṉum viṇai vācippāṉum ma¿t?tirakeyam pāṭuvār Iṟuvarkkum tēvaraṭiyār nālvar-

⟨10⟩ kkum viyākaraṇam vakkāṇippāṉukkum paricaṭṭam Irupattoṉṟukku-k kācu Irupattoṉṟum taḷi Oṉṟu vilai k⟨ā⟩cu mukkāl peṟa kālum piṭārum ceyvār Aivarkkum caiva⟨cū⟩ttiram vakkāṇippāṉukkum kārāṇai viṭaṅka tēvarai-p pūcippāṉukku Uru Iraṇṭum tēvatāṉattu veḷḷ⟨ā⟩ḷar patiḻmarkkum Āka-p paricaṭṭam patt’ oṉpatu-

⟨11⟩ kku-k kācu pati¡n!ālē kālum taḷi Oṉṟu vilai kācu Arai peṟṟa mā(va)vratikaḷ nālvarkkum bhaṭṭarkaḷ nālvarum uvaccar nālvarum vica-paṇṭārikkum kōyilil nāyakañ ceyvār Iṟuvarum paḷḷi Aṟai mēykāppu Iṟuvarum karaṇattāṉum dhanmasāṉa-bhaṭṭaṉum jotiṣañ colluvāṉum civaddhanmam vācippāṉum stottram viṇṇappañ ceyvār Iṟuva-

⟨12⟩ rum tiruppatiyam pāṭuvār Aṟuvarum tiruvāykkeḻvi Uṭaiyāṉum taṉi ṉāyakañ ceyvāṉum tirumuṟṟam paṇi ceyvār Iṟuvarum tirumañcaṉa Eṭuppār nālvarum śrīpātan=taṅkuvār paṉ¡n!iruvarum vayirāki(ka)ḷ Aivarum Āka paricaṭṭam Aimpattaiñ ciṉāl kācu Irupatt’ eḻaraiyum taḷi oṉṟu vilai kācu kāl peṟa-p paricārakamāṇikaḷ Iṟuvarum tiruppūmaṇṭapattiṟ patiṉmarumṉ taṇṇ¿i?r amutu ca-

⟨13⟩ maippāṉum tirumaṭaippaḷḷi-k kuccavaṉum viṟakiṭuñ civikaiyāṉum tiruppaḷḷittoṅkal Iṭuvār Iruvarum tiruttēr cemamōkkum taccaṉukkum kollaṉukkum Āka-p paricaṭṭam patt’ oṉpatukku-k kācu nālē mukkālum śrīmāheśvarar Uḷḷiṭṭār palarkkum kaṇṭaḻivukku-p paricaṭṭam Irupatukku-k kācu Ēḻaraiyum Āka cārttum paricaṭṭam Uṭpaṭa Uru nūṟṟu nāṟpattu nāli¡n!āl kācu Eṭṭu

⟨14⟩ Āka-k kācu nūṟṟu nāṟpattu nālu It-dhanmattukku virōtam niṉaippāṉ kaṅkai Iṭai kumari ceyta pāvattil paṭuvāṉ It-dhanmam śrī-māheśvara-rakṣai Ivar ēva-c ceyvittāṉ Īcūrkōṭṭattu (paka)vūr-nāṭṭu-c cevūr-c cevuḻāṉ malaiyaṉ pallako(ṉ) ceḷukki kula (kāla muve)n=ta veḷār [********]aṟamallatu tuṇai Illai Aṟamē tuṇai⁋

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ āti-k keḻal āki ⟨eṭut taṉṉa⟩ yātuñ ⬦ āti-k keḻal āki yātuñ SII.

⟨1⟩ piriyā-t ta⟨rā⟩tala⟨m⟩ ⬦ piriyā-t tala SII.

Translation

⟨1⟩ Prosperity! Fortune!

This is the second year of His Majesty, king Rājendra Cōḻa, also known as king Rājakesarivarman, who:

  • had as companions (tuṇaiyeṉa) his sword (vāḷum) and his two arms (taṉ tōḷum), resembling (aṉaiya) two mountains that shine (viḷaṅkum) as the Goddess (tiru) is settled (maṉṉi) there;
  • overcame (kaṭantu) the falsehoods (vañcaṉai) of his enemies, wiped off (vāri) crowds (kuḻāmpala) of elephants (kuñcaram) at Vayirākaram;
  • graciously took (koṇṭaruḷi) tribute (tiṟai) of king Dārā from the unconquerable (eñcalil) Cakkarakkōṭṭam [thus] spreading (nikaḻ) his fame to every cardinal point (tikku);
  • without tiring himself (caliyāvakai) at all (yātum), just like when Tirumāl became the supreme (āti) boar (keḻal), who, on the day (annal) when she plunged (kuḷitta) into the ocean (munnīr), lifted (eṭuttu) with skill (vakaiyin) the Goddess of Earth (nilamakaḷ), who is like (aṉaiya) a lotus waiting in its desire for the sun (arukkaṇ) to rise;
  • spread his virtuous fame (pukaḻ) by walking in all directions (ticaitoṟum naṭātti), established dharma on the earth, including valour, sacrifice, honour and compassion, as an unchanging domain (urimai cuṟṟam);
  • and wore the jewelled crown (kulamaṇi makuṭam) according to custom, held in his hand the glorious red sceptre (ceṅkōl), and ruled over the world with righteousness [has endowed the following]

⟨1⟩ For the ritual of anointing sandalwood (tiruccāntāṭal) to the god Kārāṇaiviṭaṅka at the temple of the Lord of Tiruvōṟṟiyūr, which is located in the Puḻal-nāṭṭu, [subdivision of the] Puḻal-kōṭṭam, [a subdivision] of the Jayaṅkoṇṭacōḻa-maṇṭalam, [certain] provisions (nivantaṅkaḷukku) are needed (vēṇṭum).

⟨1⟩ The army leader (seṉāpatiḳaḷ), Vīracōḻa Ilaṅkō-veḷār, also known as Rājarājaṉ Paranirupa Rākṣasaṉār, owner (kiḻār) in the Naṭār village (naṭār) in Tiraimūr-nāṭu, located in the Uyyakoṇṭār-vaḷanātu, [a subdivision] of the Cōḻa maṇṭalam, deposited (oṭukkiṉa) two hundred and forty (irunūṟṟu nāṟpatu) gold coins in current circulation (aṉrāṭu naṟkācu) in the treasury (paṇṭārattu) of this god (ittēvar).

⟨1⟩ We, the assembly (sabhaiyōm) of Ciṅkaviṣṇucaturvēti-maṅkalam, which is located in the Puḻal-nāṭṭu, [a subdivision of] the Puḻal-kōṭṭam, also known as Maṇali, [will give] this devadānam [described below], for which these gold coins were deposited to the treasury of this god, [amounting to] two hundred and forty of these [gold current] coins,

⟨1–2⟩ and we, the villagers of (ūrōm) Ampilvāyil–located in this [Puḻal-]nāṭu, Ikaṇaiyūr, Veḻcāṟum–located in the Tuṭarmuṉṉi-nāṭu, in the Puliyūr-kōṭṭam– and the Brahmin village (akaram) of Pirampu in the Eḻumūr-nāṭu, have signed this deed for the sale of our land.

⟨2⟩ Accepting (koṇṭu) sixty gold coins received from Ātidāsa-caṇṭeśvara in this temple (ikkōyil), we, the village assembly (sabhaiyōm) of the Ciṇkaviṣṇu-caturvēti-maṅkalam, have sold (viṟṟu kuṭutta) the land for which:

  • The eastern boundary (kīḻ pāṟkellai) is to the west (mēṟkum) of the Maturāntaka channel (maturān=taka-vatikku);
  • The southern boundary (teṉpāṟkellai) is to the north (vaṭakkum) of the Maḻapaṭṭi ridge (varampukku), which is in a raised ground (mēṭu), and the rivulet channel (oṭaikkālukkum);
  • The western boundary (mēlpāṟkellai) is to the east (kiḻakkum) of - the eastern ridge (kīḻvarampukkum) of the washing place (paḷḷakkaḻuval), – the eastern ridge of the small plot of land (kuṇṭiliṉ kīḻvarampukkum) which is south (teṟkil) of the Eṟilāṉa pond (taṭṭam), – and the eastern ridge in the western rice-field (mēlai taṭiyil), [which is composed of] clayey soil.
  • The northern boundary (vaṭapāṟkellai) is to the south of the Āṭavallāṉ cross-channel (vāykkālu).
  • The land (nilam) which is in the middle (naṭuvupaṭṭa) of these four big boundaries [innāṟpāl ellaikkum], measured by the 16-span rod (patiṉaṟucāṇ kōlāl), is of six-thousand kuḻis, [equivalent to] three vēlis of land.

⟨2⟩ We, the villagers (ūrōm) of Āmpilvāyil of this [Puḻal-]nāṭu, accepting [from Āticaṇṭeśvara] forty gold coins, have sold the land for which…

  • The eastern boundary (kīḻ pāṟkellai) is to west of the cross-channel (vāykkālu) flowing (pānta) into the tank [that feeds] the Taṅkam rice-field (pulattu).
  • The southern boundary is to the north of the cross-channel which goes towards the east stopping at the outlet.
  • The western boundary is to the east of the great cross-channel which goes towards the north.
  • The northern boundary is to the south of the southern ridge in the coconut grove.
  • The land measured in these four directions by the 16-span rod amounts to three-thousand seven-hundred ninety … through one bamboo stick (mulaittaṭi) [amounting to] two-hundred and four kuḻis.

⟨18⟩ We, the villagers of Ikaṇaiyūr of this Puḻal-nāṭu, accepting from Āticaṇṭeśvara sixty gold coins, have sold the wet-land for which…

  • The eastern boundary is the eastern ridge of: the high-land of Vaṇṇakkaṉ, the high-land that runs by the house of the small branch canal, and the wild land of Paṉiccai.
  • The southern boundary is to the north of the channel running westward in the middle of the high-land of Vaṇṇakkaṉ.
  • The western boundary ends on the eastern ridge, western field of the high-land of Vaṇṇakkaṉ.
  • The boundary of these ridges to the east touches the southern ridge of the small channel.
  • These four boundaries are south of the northern ridge of the wild-land of Paṉiccai.
  • The land within these four boundaries, measured with the 16-span rod, is six-thousand kuḻis, which is equal to three vēlis.

⟨25⟩ We, the villagers of Veḻcāṟu, have given this wet-land after exchanging it for forty gold coins.

⟨26⟩ The eastern boundary is to the west of the kāṭṭi street.

⟨27⟩ The southern boundary is to the north of the Kōḷḷāṉ Kulamāṉ risen land.

⟨28⟩ The western boundary is to the east of the northern great path.

⟨29⟩ The northern boundary is to the south of the Viḷakkaṉ risen land.

⟨30⟩ The land within these four boundaries, measured with the 16-span rod, is four-thousand kuḻis, which is equal to two vēlis.

⟨31⟩ We, the inhabitants of Piraiyappakkam, have given this wet-land after exchanging it for forty gold coins.

⟨32⟩ The eastern boundary is to the west of the western bridge of the small swamp.

⟨33⟩ The southern boundary is to the north of the water-hole.

⟨34⟩ The western boundary is to the east of the land of the attendants of the god.

⟨35⟩ The northern boundary is to the south of the land given to the tillers of the sacred gardens of the god of Veṇkāṭu.

⟨36⟩ The land within these four boundaries, measured with the 16-span rod, is four-thousand kuḻis, which is equal to two vēlis.

⟨37⟩ We, the people of these five villages, have measured with the 16-span rod twenty-four thousand kuḻis, which is equal to twelve vēlis of land.

⟨38⟩ These lands were gotten for cultivation and irrigation in such a way that they are irrigated by lakes, ponds, with the people, channels and cross-channels.

⟨39⟩ We gave these lands after completely agreeing upon the sale price and receiving the amount in full.

⟨40⟩ The gold per crop coming from this land and the real estate tax is one gold coin per vēli for the tax collected by local bodies including tax for the water, servants providing the paddy portion of obligatory supply of free food on special occasions along with two types of unpaid labourers.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1912-1913 (ARIE/1912-1913/B/1912/131).

Edited in Swaminathan 2019 (SII 38.131).

This edition by Renato Dávalos (2025), based on Swaminathan 2019.

Primary

[SII] Swaminathan, S. 2019. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XXXVIII: Inscriptions collected during the year 1912. South Indian Inscriptions 38. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director General). Pages 122–127, item 131.

Secondary

ARIE 1912-1913. G.O. No. 961, 2nd August 1913. Epigraphy. Recording the progress report of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for [Epigraphy], Southern Circle, for the year 1912-1913. Edited by H. Krishna Sastri. No place, 1913. Page 20, appendix B/1912, item 131.

Secondary

Cuppiramaṇiyam, Pu. 1983. Meykkīrttikaḷ. Ceṉṉai: ulakat tamilārāycci niruvaṉam.

Notes

  1. 1. The version in Cuppiramaṇiyam 1983 reads tikiriyum puliyum