Kāmaracavalli, Kārkōṭakēśvara, time of Parakesarivarman, year 9

Editors: Renato Dávalos, Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INStfaSIIv19p0i0231.

Hand description:

Language: Tamil.

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (tfa) (tfa-sii-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-03-31 15:02 (44453c0), last modified 2025-03-18 14:55 (36884e2).

⟨1⟩ kō-p-para-kēsari-panma(rk)ku yāṇṭu 9-Āvatu

⟨2⟩ vaṭa-karai brahma-tēyam śrī-kāmaravalli-caturve⟨3⟩ti-maṅkalattu peruṅ-kuṟi peru-makkaḷōm I⟨4⟩vv-āṭṭai dhaṉu-nāyaṟṟu viyāḻa-[k]-kiḻamai pe⟨5⟩ṟṟa kār⟨t⟩tikai nāṉṟu taṭṭaḻi koṭṭi peruṅ⟨6⟩-kuṟi cāṟṟi maṇṭakattē kūṭi Eḻu=nt-aruḷi Iru⟨7⟩(n=tu) nam tiru-nallūr parameśva⟨r⟩kku can¡t!⟨d⟩rātit⟨8⟩ta-vaṟ śrī-paliyum tiru-p-paḷḷi Eḻucciyum koḷ⟨9⟩vataṟku peruṅ-kuṟi peru-makkaḷōm vaittu-k ku⟨10⟩ṭutta j¡i!⟨ī⟩vitam āvatu

śrī-kō-taṇṭa-rāma-vāykkā⟨11⟩l-k k¡i!⟨ī⟩ḻ n¡i!⟨ī⟩r-pūci nel viḷaiyum nilam ellām ⟨12⟩ virivu māttāl tūṇi-p patakku nel Aṇaik⟨13⟩ku vaitta nellilē māttāl kuṟuṇi nel ⟨14⟩ pū-t-tōṟum koḷḷa-⟨p⟩ peṟuvat’ āka Av-Avva-Āṇ⟨15⟩ṭu Ūr-vāriyam ceyyum pe(ru-mak)kaḷē terica⟨16⟩-t tōppu puka Iṭa-⟨k⟩ kaṭavar ākavum [3+]

⟨17⟩ [2+] rippiṉ paṭi tēva-kaṉmikaḷ kaṉali [1+] ⟨18⟩ [1+] taṇṭi koḷḷa-[p] peṟuvār ākavum

I⟨19⟩-p-paricu In-nel koṇṭu can¡t!⟨d⟩rātit⟨20⟩ta-vaṟ śrī-bali koṭṭuvataṟk’ āka pa⟨21⟩ṇi-p paṇiyāl nālu cēriyilum ⟨22⟩ nallūr bhaṭṭaṉ nakkanākaṉ paṇi⟨23⟩yālum kaṭavūr nārāyaṇaṉ nārayaṇa⟨24⟩ṉ paṇiyālum kō-maṭattu ti¿ṟ?⟨r⟩ukkuṟuṅ⟨25⟩kuṭi-k kramavittaṉ paṇiyālum kirāñci ⟨26⟩ kkam pattipoḻ nārāyaṇa-bhaṭṭa⟨27⟩ṉ paṇiyālum Ip-paricu can¡t!⟨d⟩rātitta-va⟨28⟩ṟ niṟppat’ āka śilā-lekhai ceytu kuṭu(t)⟨29⟩tōm peruṅ-kuṟi peru-makkaḷōm

(paṇi)⟨30⟩yāl madhyastaṉ A(ma)ṇa⟨31⟩-maṅkalayaṉ-āṉa [Ain]-nūṟṟu⟨32⟩vaṉ muṉṉūṟṟuva⟨33⟩ṉ-ē¡(n)!⟨(ṉ)⟩ Ivai y-e¡ṉn!⟨ṉ⟩ e⟨34⟩ḻuttu ⁋
Ippaṭi paṇi⟨35⟩yāl madhyastaṉ brahma-piri⟨36⟩ya¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-ēṉ
(Ippaṭi) paṇi⟨37⟩yāl marutūr peruṅ-kāvi⟨38⟩ti-y-āṉa pūtaṉ śrī-kaṇṭa⟨39⟩¡(n)!⟨ṉ⟩-(ēṉ) ⁋
⟨40⟩ Ippaṭi paṇiyā(l) madhyasta⟨41⟩ṉ 74
Ippaṭi ⟨Aṟi⟩vēṉ[2+]⟨42⟩¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-ēṉ ⁋
Ippaṭi [paṇi]yāl ma⟨43⟩dhyastaṉ (tiru)-veḷḷarai pe⟨44⟩(ruṇ)-kāviti-y-ā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a [6+]

⟨1⟩ kō-p-para-kēsari-panma(rk)ku yāṇṭu 9-Āvatu   
⟨2⟩ vaṭa-karai brahma-tēyam śrī-kāmaravalli-caturve-
⟨3⟩ ti-maṅkalattu peruṅ-kuṟi peru-makkaḷōm I-
⟨4⟩ vv-āṭṭai dhaṉu-nāyaṟṟu viyāḻa-[k]-kiḻamai pe-
⟨5⟩ ṟṟa kār⟨t⟩tikai nāṉṟu taṭṭaḻi koṭṭi peruṅ-
⟨6⟩ -kuṟi cāṟṟi maṇṭakattē kūṭi Eḻu=nt-aruḷi Iru-
⟨7⟩ (n=tu) nam tiru-nallūr parameśva⟨r⟩kku can¡t!⟨d⟩rātit-
⟨8⟩ ta-vaṟ śrī-paliyum tiru-p-paḷḷi Eḻucciyum koḷ-
⟨9⟩ vataṟku peruṅ-kuṟi peru-makkaḷōm vaittu-k ku-
⟨10⟩ ṭutta j¡i!⟨ī⟩vitam āvatu   śrī-kō-taṇṭa-rāma-vāykkā-
⟨11⟩ l-k k¡i!⟨ī⟩ḻ n¡i!⟨ī⟩r-pūci nel viḷaiyum nilam ellām 
⟨12⟩ virivu māttāl tūṇi-p patakku nel Aṇaik-
⟨13⟩ ku vaitta nellilē māttāl kuṟuṇi nel 
⟨14⟩ pū-t-tōṟum koḷḷa-⟨p⟩ peṟuvat’ āka Av-Avva-Āṇ-
⟨15⟩ ṭu Ūr-vāriyam ceyyum pe(ru-mak)kaḷē terica-
⟨16⟩ -t tōppu puka Iṭa-⟨k⟩ kaṭavar ākavum [***]   
⟨17⟩ [**] rippiṉ paṭi tēva-kaṉmikaḷ kaṉali [*] 
⟨18⟩ [*] taṇṭi koḷḷa-[p] peṟuvār ākavum   I-
⟨19⟩ -p-paricu In-nel koṇṭu can¡t!⟨d⟩rātit-
⟨20⟩ ta-vaṟ śrī-bali koṭṭuvataṟk’ āka pa-
⟨21⟩ ṇi-p paṇiyāl nālu cēriyilum 
⟨22⟩ nallūr bhaṭṭaṉ nakkanākaṉ paṇi-
⟨23⟩ yālum kaṭavūr nārāyaṇaṉ nārayaṇa-
⟨24⟩ ṉ paṇiyālum kō-maṭattu ti¿ṟ?⟨r⟩ukkuṟuṅ-
⟨25⟩ kuṭi-k kramavittaṉ paṇiyālum kirāñci 
⟨26⟩ kkam pattipoḻ nārāyaṇa-bhaṭṭa-
⟨27⟩ ṉ paṇiyālum Ip-paricu can¡t!⟨d⟩rātitta-va-
⟨28⟩ ṟ niṟppat’ āka śilā-lekhai ceytu kuṭu(t)-
⟨29⟩ tōm peruṅ-kuṟi peru-makkaḷōm   (paṇi)-
⟨30⟩ yāl madhyastaṉ A(ma)ṇa-
⟨31⟩ -maṅkalayaṉ-āṉa [Ain]-nūṟṟu-
⟨32⟩ vaṉ muṉṉūṟṟuva-
⟨33⟩ ṉ-ē¡(n)!⟨(ṉ)⟩ Ivai y-e¡ṉn!⟨ṉ⟩ e-
⟨34⟩ ḻuttu ⁋   Ippaṭi paṇi-
⟨35⟩ yāl madhyastaṉ brahma-piri-
⟨36⟩ ya¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-ēṉ   (Ippaṭi) paṇi-
⟨37⟩ yāl marutūr peruṅ-kāvi-
⟨38⟩ ti-y-āṉa pūtaṉ śrī-kaṇṭa-
⟨39⟩ ¡(n)!⟨ṉ⟩-(ēṉ) ⁋   
⟨40⟩ Ippaṭi paṇiyā(l) madhyasta-
⟨41⟩ ṉ 74  Ippaṭi ⟨Aṟi⟩vēṉ[**]-
⟨42⟩ ¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-ēṉ ⁋   Ippaṭi [paṇi]yāl ma-
⟨43⟩ dhyastaṉ (tiru)-veḷḷarai pe-
⟨44⟩ (ruṇ)-kāviti-y-ā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a [******]   

⟨1⟩ kō-p-para-kēsari-panma(rk)ku yāṇṭu 9-Āvatu

⟨17⟩ [2+] rippiṉ paṭi tēva-kaṉmikaḷ kaṉali [1+] ⟨18⟩ [1+] taṇṭi koḷḷa-[p] peṟuvār ākavum

(paṇi)⟨30⟩yāl madhyastaṉ A(ma)ṇa⟨31⟩-maṅkalayaṉ-āṉa [Ain]-nūṟṟu⟨32⟩vaṉ muṉṉūṟṟuva⟨33⟩ṉ-ē¡(n)!⟨(ṉ)⟩ Ivai y-e¡ṉn!⟨ṉ⟩ e⟨34⟩ḻuttu ⁋
Ippaṭi paṇi⟨35⟩yāl madhyastaṉ brahma-piri⟨36⟩ya¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-ēṉ
(Ippaṭi) paṇi⟨37⟩yāl marutūr peruṅ-kāvi⟨38⟩ti-y-āṉa pūtaṉ śrī-kaṇṭa⟨39⟩¡(n)!⟨ṉ⟩-(ēṉ) ⁋
⟨40⟩ Ippaṭi paṇiyā(l) madhyasta⟨41⟩ṉ 74
Ippaṭi ⟨Aṟi⟩vēṉ[2+]⟨42⟩¡n!⟨ṉ⟩-ēṉ ⁋
Ippaṭi [paṇi]yāl ma⟨43⟩dhyastaṉ (tiru)-veḷḷarai pe⟨44⟩(ruṇ)-kāviti-y-ā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a [6+]

Apparatus

⟨31⟩ [Ain]nūṟṟu⟨32⟩vaṉ ⬦ [2+] nūṟṟu⟨32⟩vaṉ SII.

Translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis

(1) 9th year of the king Parakesarivarman.

(2–10) There is a livelihood allowance (jīvitam), that We, the great people of the great assembly (peruṅkuṟi perumakkaḷōm) of the Śrī-Kāmaravalli-caturvetimaṅkalam, a brahmadeya on the northern bank [of the Kāvēri river], after having the drum beaten (taṭṭaḻi koṭṭi) at the time of Kārttikai—which this year happened on a Thursday of the Dhanu month—, having deliberated in the great assembly (cāṟṟi), having gathered together in the maṇḍapa, and having sat and graciously risen, have given, as long as the sun and the moon endure, for the maintenance (koḷvataṟku¹) of the holy offering (śrīpali) and of the awakening (tiruppaḷḷi eḻucci), for our [god] Parameśvara of Tirunallūr.

(10–16) So as to obtain (koḷḷa-p peṟuvat’ āka) on every harvest (pūttōṟum) a patakku of paddy and a tūṇi for each mā extending (virivu) to all land that grows (viḷaiyum) rice irrigated (pūci) with water (nīr?) below (kīḻ²) the holy (śrī) Kōtaṇṭarāma channel, [and], a kuṟuṇi of paddy for each mā in case the paddy is attached to the embankment (aṇai ) the great people who do the village committe should be bound (iṭak kaṭavar) to enter the garden (tōppu) during new moon every year.

(17–18) According to …, the temple administrators (tēvakaṉmikaḷ) should obtain to collect taxes/fines ….

(19–28) So that, in this manner, there be [provisions] for the [service of] beating [of the drums] (koṭṭuvataṟku) [at the time of] śrībali … (paṇi-p paṇiyāl nālu cēriyilum), by order of Bhaṭṭaṉ Nakkanākaṉ from Nallūr, by order of Nārayaṇaṉ Nārayaṇaṉ from Kaṭavūr, by order of Tirukkuṟuṅkuṭi Kramavittaṉ from the royal ermitage (kō-māṭam), by order of Pattipōḻ Nārāyaṇahaṭṭaṉ from Kirāñcikkam, in this manner, so that it remains (niṟppatu) as long as the sun and the moon, We, the great people of the great assembly, have made a stone inscription and have given.

(29–44)

By order (paṇiyāl), I, the mediator (madhyastaṉ), [Ain]nūṟṟuvaṉ Muṉṉūṟṟuvaṉ alias Amaṇamaṅkalayaṉ, this is my signature.
In this manner, by order (paṇiyāl), I, the mediator (madhyastaṉ) Brahmapiriyaṉ.
In this manner, by order (paṇiyāl), I, Pūtaṉ Śrīkaṇṭaṉ, alias Peruṅkāviti from Marutūr.
In this manner, by order (paṇiyāl), the mediator (madhyastaṉ) 74.
In this manner, I know, I […].
In this manner, by order (paṇiyāl), I, the mediator (madhyastaṉ) […] alias Peruṅkāviti of Tiruveḷḷarai […].

Bibliography

Reported in Krishna Sastri 1915 (ARIE/1914-1915/B/1914/78).

Edited in Srinivasa Rao et al. 1967 (SII 22.231).

This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on Srinivasa Rao et al. 1967. This translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024).

Primary

[SII] Srinivasa Rao, G.V., Dines Chandra Sircar and G.S. Gai. 1967. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume XIX: Inscriptions of Parakesarivarman. South Indian Inscriptions 19. Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Manager of Publications). Pages 116–117, item 231.

Secondary

Krishna Sastri, H. 1915. G.O. No. 1260, 25th August 1915. Epigraphy. Recording, with remarks, the progress report of the Assistant Archaeological Superintendent for epigraphy, Southern Circle, for the year 1914-1915. No place. Page 17, appendix B/1914, item 78.

Notes

1. Literally, "for obtaining".
2. That is, "out of".

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<lb n="17"/><gap unit="character" quantity="2" reason="lost"/> rippiṉ paṭi tēva-kaṉmikaḷ kaṉali <gap unit="character" reason="lost" quantity="1"/>

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</item>

<item>

<lb n="40"/>Ippaṭi paṇiyā<unclear>l</unclear> <hi rend="grantha">madhyasta</hi>

<lb n="41" break="no"/>ṉ 74

</item>

<item>Ippaṭi <supplied reason="omitted">Aṟi</supplied>vēṉ <gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="2"/>

</item>

<item>

Ippaṭi <supplied reason="lost">paṇi</supplied>yāl <hi rend="grantha">ma</hi>

<lb n="43" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">dhyasta</hi>ṉ <unclear>tiru</unclear>-veḷḷarai pe

<lb n="44" break="no"/><unclear>ruṇ</unclear>-kāviti-y-ā<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>a <gap reason="lost" quantity="6" unit="character"/>

</item>

</list>

</p>

</div>

<lem><supplied reason="lost">Ain</supplied>nūṟṟu<lb n="32" break="no"/>vaṉ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:SrinivasaRao1967_01"><gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/> nūṟṟu<lb n="32" break="no"/>vaṉ</rdg>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

9th year of the king Parakesarivarman.

</p>

There is

a livelihood allowance <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>jīvitam</foreign></supplied>,

that

We, the great people of the great assembly <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>peruṅkuṟi perumakkaḷōm</foreign></supplied> of the Śrī-Kāmaravalli-caturvetimaṅkalam, a <foreign>brahmadeya</foreign> on the northern bank <supplied reason="subaudible">of the Kāvēri river</supplied>,

after having the drum beaten <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>taṭṭaḻi koṭṭi</foreign></supplied> at the time of Kārttikai—which this year happened on a Thursday of the Dhanu month—,

having deliberated in the great assembly <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>cāṟṟi</foreign></supplied>,

having gathered together in the <foreign>maṇḍapa</foreign>,

and having sat and graciously risen,

have given,

as long as the sun and the moon endure,

for the maintenance <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>koḷvataṟku</foreign><note>Literally, "for obtaining".</note></supplied>

of the holy offering <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>śrīpali</foreign></supplied> and of the awakening <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruppaḷḷi eḻucci</foreign></supplied>,

for our <supplied reason="subaudible">god</supplied> Parameśvara of Tirunallūr.

</p>

So as to obtain <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>koḷḷa-p peṟuvat' āka</foreign></supplied> on every harvest <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pūttōṟum</foreign></supplied>

a <foreign>patakku</foreign> of paddy and a <foreign>tūṇi</foreign> for each <foreign>mā</foreign> extending <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>virivu</foreign></supplied> to all land that grows <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viḷaiyum</foreign></supplied> rice irrigated <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pūci</foreign></supplied> with water <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nīr</foreign>?</supplied> below <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kīḻ</foreign><note>That is, "out of".</note></supplied> the holy <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>śrī</foreign></supplied> Kōtaṇṭarāma channel, <supplied reason="subaudible">and</supplied>,

a <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign> of paddy for each <foreign>mā</foreign> in case the paddy is attached to the embankment <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>aṇai </foreign></supplied>

the great people who do the village committe should be bound <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṭak kaṭavar</foreign></supplied> to enter the garden <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tōppu</foreign></supplied> during new moon every year.

</p>

According to <gap reason="ellipsis"/>, the temple administrators <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tēvakaṉmikaḷ</foreign></supplied> should obtain to collect taxes/fines <gap reason="ellipsis"/>.

</p>

So that, in this manner, there be <supplied reason="subaudible">provisions</supplied> for the <supplied reason="subaudible">service of</supplied> beating <supplied reason="subaudible">of the drums</supplied> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>koṭṭuvataṟku</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">at the time of</supplied> <foreign>śrībali</foreign>

<gap reason="ellipsis"/> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṇi-p paṇiyāl nālu cēriyilum</foreign></supplied>,

by order of Bhaṭṭaṉ Nakkanākaṉ from Nallūr,

by order of Nārayaṇaṉ Nārayaṇaṉ from Kaṭavūr,

by order of Tirukkuṟuṅkuṭi Kramavittaṉ from the royal ermitage <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kō-māṭam</foreign></supplied>,

by order of Pattipōḻ Nārāyaṇahaṭṭaṉ from Kirāñcikkam,

in this manner,

so that it remains <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>niṟppatu</foreign></supplied> as long as the sun and the moon,

We, the great people of the great assembly, have made a stone inscription and have given.

</p>

<list>

<item>By order <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṇiyāl</foreign></supplied>, I, the mediator <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>madhyastaṉ</foreign></supplied>, <supplied reason="lost">Ain</supplied>nūṟṟuvaṉ Muṉṉūṟṟuvaṉ <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> Amaṇamaṅkalayaṉ, this is my signature.</item>

<item>In this manner, by order <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṇiyāl</foreign></supplied>, I, the mediator <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>madhyastaṉ</foreign></supplied> Brahmapiriyaṉ.</item>

<item>In this manner, by order <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṇiyāl</foreign></supplied>, I, Pūtaṉ Śrīkaṇṭaṉ, <foreign>alias</foreign> Peruṅkāviti from Marutūr.</item>

<item>In this manner, by order <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṇiyāl</foreign></supplied>, the mediator <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>madhyastaṉ</foreign></supplied> 74.</item>

<item>In this manner, I know, I <gap reason="lost"/>.</item>

</list>

</p>

</div>

<!--<div type="commentary">

</div>-->

<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1914-1915"/></bibl> (ARIE/1914-1915/B/1914/78).</p>

<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:SrinivasaRao1967_01"/></bibl> (SII 22.231).</p>

<p>This digital edition by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:SrinivasaRao1967_01"/></bibl>. This translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024).</p>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>

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METADATA:

On the south wall of the central shrine, Kārkōṭakēśvara temple (Tirunallūr-Parameśvara temple), Kāmarasavalli, Tiruchirappali district.

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