Pannasa of Chāḷkiḷēṁṟurāju under Vinayāditya-Satyāśraya

Editor: Jens Thomas.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSTelugu00038.

Languages: Sanskrit, Telugu.

Repository: Telugu Inscriptions (tfb-telugu-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-05-22 10:49 (585a60b), last modified 2024-05-22 10:43 (d5dcd05).

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⟨1⟩ svasti śrī vinayā⟨2⟩ditya-satyāśraya śrī pr̥thi⟨3⟩vī-vallabha-mahārājādhirā⟨4⟩ja-par(ā)mēśvara-bhaṭarāḷa (v)i⟨5⟩jayarājya-sa(ṁ)vatsaraṁbuḶ pa⟨6⟩di Agun-ēṇḍu v(ā)ṇarājul va[ṁ]g(ā)⟨7⟩nūr nn(ā)ṇḍ ēḷaN chāḷkiḷēṁṟurāju⟨8⟩L niṭūraN E(ṁ)ka(pa)ṁmi-pāṟa ko[ṁ]⟨9⟩ṟuṟēniki paśc[i]ma-diś(ā)N pañc(ā)⟨10⟩śat-kṣētraṁb icciri dāniki sākṣi ⟨11⟩ vaḍlapāl(mu)siyya muḷugu I⟨12⟩ḷūñca(vā)ri bōḷu val(edo)ṟa ⟨13⟩ bōḷu n(ā)nṟu mah(ā)janaṁbu śu[bhaṁ]⟨14⟩bu vr̥ddhiyu ⟨A⟩ku

I. Anuṣṭubh

svadat⟨t⟩ā[ṁ] parada⟨15⟩ttāṁ vā

yō harēta vas[u]⟨16⟩[ndharāṁ]

[ṣaṣṭiṁ varṣasahasrāṇi]

[viṣṭāyāṁ jāyatē kr̥miḥ]

Apparatus

⟨6⟩ va[ṁ]g(ā)⟨7⟩nūr ⬦ vaṁga⟨7⟩nūr ?.

⟨7⟩ chāḷkiḷēṁṟurāju⟨8⟩L ⬦ caḷkiḷēṁṟurāju⟨8⟩L ?.

⟨8⟩ E(ṁ)ka(pa)ṁmi-pāṟa ⬦ vara(cā)mi-pāṟa ?. — ⟨8⟩ ko[ṁ]⟨9⟩ṟu° • This element might be a variant of what ultimately became modern Telugu koṇḍa, conf. inscriptional konṟa and Tamil kunṟu ’hill’.

⟨9⟩ paśc[i]ma-diś(ā)N ⬦ paścima-diśāna ?. — ⟨9⟩ pañc(ā)⟨10⟩śat ⬦ pañcā⟨10⟩śat ?.

⟨11⟩ vaḍlapāl(mu)siyya ⬦ muḷupāl-mu(tthi)yya ?. — ⟨11⟩ I⟨12⟩ḷūñca(vā)ri ⬦ I⟨12⟩ḷuñcadāri ?.

⟨12⟩ val(edo)ṟa ⬦ vaśagāṟa ? • An element °toṟa (of which °doṟa is but a variant with the typical lenition) can be found as second member in several place names; it corresponds to Tamiḻ tuṟai ’place’ etc.

⟨13⟩ n(ā)nṟu ⬦ nānṟu ?. — ⟨13⟩ śu[bhaṁ]⟨14⟩bu ⬦ (śubhaṁ) ?.

⟨14⟩ vr̥ddhiyu ⟨A⟩ku ⬦ vr̥ddhiyuṁkā ?.

Translation by Jens Thomas

Svasti! In the tenth year in the era of the victorious reign of Śrī Vinayāditya-Satyāśraya Śrī Pr̥thivī-Vallabha-Mahārājādhirāja-Paramēśvara-bhaṭarāḷu, when Bāṇarājul reigned over Vaṁganūr-Nāṇḍu, Cālukya-Ḷēṁṟurāju gave, in Niṭūru in the western direction, a field (as a) pannasa (grant) to Koṁṟuṟēṇḍu, brahmin of Eṁkapaṁm(u). The witness(es) to that (are): the muḷugu of Vaḍlapālmusi, the bōḷu of Iḷūñcavāru, (and) the bōḷu in Valedoṟu. May there be welfare and prosperity of the country and the people!

Commentary

The inscription is not complete. According to the estampage it seems probable that the inscription continued on another face of the stone which is not published or is completely effaced. The two missing pādas can be satisfactorily restored from the many parallels. It is not clear, however, how many lines are missing wherefore only one necessary hypothetical line (no. 16) has been restored. The name chāḷkiḷēṁṟurāju consists of chāḷki which appears to be a contracted form of cālukya and ḷēṁṟu, an element that can also be found in the Tandivada Grant of Prithivi-Maharaja (Panchamukhi 1935–1936, p. 98, ll. 23-24): śrī rāma-leṇṟu-rājaḥ. S. Rajaguru reads °lindurājaḥ and conjectures it into °lendurājaḥ (1958, p. 50, n. 4). R. S. Panchamukhi’s reading, however, is correct as can be seen from the picture in his edition. S. Rajaguru offers an explanation of this element and connects it with the Viṣṇukuṇḍin capital Lendulūru (ibid.). This explanation, however, is very probably wrong since the modern outcome of leṇṟu or lenṟu would be leṇḍu. Rather, the first compound member seems to be a result of the typical metathesis in Telugu (also confer the spelling ḷēnṟu in Ramesh and Ramachandra Murthy 1969–1970, p. 335, № 56 C, l. 4), i.e. ḷē- from e.g. *eḷV plus the Telugu ending -nṟu; the cognate may be Kannaḍa eḷa ’tenderness, youth’ (Kittel 1894, p. 284), e.g. in eḷa-arasar ’prince’ (Gai 1946, p. 179 referring to Rice 1905, p. 2, № 7) that represents the same construction as ḷēnṟu-rāju. A village of the name Vaṁgānur is situated to the south of the Pennar at the Kōnavāripalli-Vaṁgānur Rd. next to Vīrāpuram and Kōnavāripalli, and at the bank of the Citrāvati river near Peddamallepalle there is the village Niṭṭūru. These could be the villages mentioned in the inscription. K. V. Ramesh and S. S. Ramachandra Murthy state that the donation was done “by Chaḷki-Ḷēṁṟurāju to Varachāmi-pāṟa (i.e., the brāhmaṇa named Varachāmi) of Koṁṟūru.” (1969–1970, p. 333). This, however, contradicts the normal structure of name giving ([PLACE_NAME]-pāṟa [NAME]) and also the meaning of the names because °ṟēniki is the dative of *ṟēnṟu ’ruler’ (ṟē- from eṟe, confer Kannaḍa eṟe).

The term mahājanaṁbu can also specifically denote merchants, etc....

Bibliography

The inscripton was noted in A. R. No. B 26 of 1958-1959 and first published by K. V. Ramesh and S. S. Ramachandra Murthy with picture and annotations and without translation (1969–1970, p. 333, № 56 A).

Secondary

Ramesh, K. V. and S. S. Ramachandra Murthy. 1969–1970. “Seven inscriptions of the Chalukyas of Badami.” EI 38, pp. 331–340. Page 333, item 56 A.

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Svasti! In the tenth year in the era of the victorious reign of Śrī Vinayāditya-Satyāśraya Śrī Pr̥thivī-Vallabha-Mahārājādhirāja-Paramēśvara-bhaṭarāḷu, when Bāṇarājul reigned over Vaṁganūr-Nāṇḍu, Cālukya-Ḷēṁṟurāju gave, in Niṭūru in the western direction, a field (as a) pannasa (grant) to Koṁṟuṟēṇḍu, brahmin of Eṁkapaṁm(u). The witness(es) to that (are): the muḷugu of Vaḍlapālmusi, the bōḷu of Iḷūñcavāru, (and) the bōḷu in Valedoṟu. May there be welfare and prosperity of the country and the people!

</p>

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<p>

The name <foreign>chāḷkiḷēṁṟurāju</foreign> consists of <foreign>chāḷki</foreign> which appears to be a contracted form of <foreign>cālukya</foreign> and <foreign>ḷēṁṟu</foreign>, an element that can also be found in the Tandivada Grant of Prithivi-Maharaja (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Panchamukhi1940_03"/><citedRange unit="page">98</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">23-24</citedRange></bibl>): <foreign>śrī rāma-leṇṟu-rājaḥ</foreign>. S. Rajaguru reads °<foreign>lindurājaḥ</foreign> and conjectures it into °<foreign>lendurājaḥ</foreign> (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Rajaguru1958_01"/><citedRange unit="page">50</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">4</citedRange></bibl>). R. S. Panchamukhi's reading, however, is correct as can be seen from the picture in his edition. S. Rajaguru offers an explanation of this element and connects it with the Viṣṇukuṇḍin capital Lendulūru (ibid.). This explanation, however, is very probably wrong since the modern outcome of <foreign>leṇṟu</foreign> or <foreign>lenṟu</foreign> would be <foreign>leṇḍu</foreign>. Rather, the first compound member seems to be a result of the typical metathesis in Telugu (also confer the spelling <foreign>ḷēnṟu</foreign> in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Ramesh+RamachandraMurthy1969-1970_04"/><citedRange unit="page">335</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">56 C</citedRange><citedRange unit="line">4</citedRange></bibl>), i.e. ḷē- from e.g. *eḷV plus the Telugu ending -nṟu; the cognate may be Kannaḍa <foreign>eḷa</foreign> 'tenderness, youth' (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Kittel1894_01"/><citedRange unit="page">284</citedRange></bibl>), e.g. in <foreign>eḷa-arasar</foreign> 'prince' (<bibl><ptr target="bib:Gai1946_01"/><citedRange unit="page">179</citedRange></bibl> referring to <bibl><ptr target="bib:Rice1905_01"/><citedRange unit="page">2</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">7</citedRange></bibl>) that represents the same construction as <foreign>ḷēnṟu-rāju</foreign>.

A village of the name Vaṁgānur is situated to the south of the Pennar at the Kōnavāripalli-Vaṁgānur Rd. next to Vīrāpuram and Kōnavāripalli, and at the bank of the Citrāvati river near Peddamallepalle there is the village Niṭṭūru. These could be the villages mentioned in the inscription.

K. V. Ramesh and S. S. Ramachandra Murthy state that the donation was done <cit><quote>by Chaḷki-Ḷēṁṟurāju to Varachāmi-pāṟa (i.e., the <hi rend="italic">brāhmaṇa</hi> named Varachāmi) of Koṁṟūru.</quote><bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Ramesh+RamachandraMurthy1969-1970_04"/><citedRange unit="page">333</citedRange></bibl></cit>. This, however, contradicts the normal structure of name giving ([PLACE_NAME]-pāṟa [NAME]) and also the meaning of the names because °ṟēniki is the dative of *ṟēnṟu 'ruler' (ṟē- from <foreign>eṟe</foreign>, confer Kannaḍa <foreign>eṟe</foreign>).

</p>

<p>

The term mahājanaṁbu can also specifically denote merchants, etc....

</p>

</div>

<p>

The inscripton was noted in A. R. No. B 26 of 1958-1959  and first published by K. V. Ramesh and S. S. Ramachandra Murthy with picture and annotations and without translation (<bibl rend="omitname"><ptr target="bib:Ramesh+RamachandraMurthy1969-1970_04"/><citedRange unit="page">333</citedRange><citedRange unit="item">56 A</citedRange></bibl>).

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