Kōvintapputtūr (Govindapputtūr), Gaṅgājaṭādhara temple, time of Parakesarivarman Uttama Cōḻa, year 12

Authors of digital edition: Valérie Gillet (vagi), Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: Northern façade, on the wall section on the eastern side (= left) of the niche of Brahmā. Regnal year 12 of Kōpparakesarivarman = Uttamacōḻa (circa 983 CE).

Language: Tamil (tam).

Version: 2025-09-22 18:18 (75408f8), last modified 2025-09-21 12:20 (84303f8).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī kō-p-para-kē(ca)ri-pamaṉmār-āṉa śrī-Uttama-cōḻa⟨r⟩kku
⟨2⟩ yāṇṭu 10 2 Āvatu vaṭa-karai-brahmatēyam p(e)riya vāṉavaṉ-m(ā)-
⟨3⟩ (de)vi-c-catu⟨r⟩vveti-maṅka⟨la⟩ttu śrī-kayilā(ya)ttu paramaśvāmika(ḷuk)ku (to)-
⟨4⟩ ṇṭ(ai-ṉ)ā(ṭ)u (paḻuvūr-kō)ṭṭattu (kāva¡ṉṉ!ūr cekkiḻān Araiyaṉ caṅkara-nā)-
⟨5⟩ (r)āyaṇaṉ-āṉa cōḻa-muttaraiya¡ṉṉ!-ēṉ Iṉ(ta) periya vāṉavaṉ-mā-tēvi-peruṅ-kuṟi-
⟨6⟩ y-ā¡ḷḷ!um kaṇattāruḷ śrī-cōḻa-(cū)ḻa-māṇi-cēri sabhaiyārku Iṟai-y-ili m(ikai)
⟨7⟩ vicatt’ iṭai Iṭṭa nilam vaṭa-kuṭi Ēri kiḻ Inta cēri sabhaiyār pa⟨k⟩kal nān y-iṟai-
⟨8⟩ -(y)-ili koṇṭu Uṭaiya nila¡mm! āvatu y-ivv-ūr vaṭa-(ku)ṭi Ēri kiḻ parakē{y}cari-vā⟨yk⟩k-
⟨9⟩ ā¡ll!ukku vaṭakkum vaṭa-kūṭi Ēri talaikaṇi vā⟨y⟩kkāllukku kiḻakkum vaṭa-v-āṟṟukku (m)ē-
⟨10⟩ ¡k!kum śrī-cōḻa-cūḻa-maṇi-(cēri)yār mu(ṉ viṟṟa ni)lam Iraṇṭā⟨ṅ⟩ (ka)ṇ(ṇā)ṟṟu n¡i!kki muṉṟā]]ṅ kaṇṇāṟu □ m
⟨11⟩ (nā)laṅ= kaṇṇāṟum Añc(ā)ṅ ⟨kaṇṇāṟu⟩(m) Ā(ṟu)ṅ kaṇṇāṟum Eḻā(ṅ) kaṇṇāṟu¡mm! āka nilam (I)raṇṭ’ araiyē mu(ṉ)ṟu mā-k{k}-
⟨12⟩ kāṇiyum Iv⟨v⟩-ūr śrī-kayi¿ll?ā⟨ya⟩ttu mahā-(de)vaṟku cantrādittavaṟ nivantam ceyta paṭi Āḻvārkku tiru-Amutukku pōtu nā-
⟨13⟩ -nāḻi y-āka muṉṟu sandhikkum (Arici) kuṟuṇi nā-ṉṉāḻi ku⟨t⟩tal-ariciyiṉāl nel mu-k-kuṟuṇi Aṟu-nāḻiyi(ṉā)l Orr āṭṭai nāḷaikku nel
⟨14⟩ nūṟṟu Oru pattu Iru-kalanē tūṇi-patakkukum ceyta nilam āvatu (mu)(ṉṟu)m kaṇṇāṟṟu kulai Arai-mā Arai muṉti⟨ri⟩kai Āḻvā⟨r⟩k-
⟨15⟩ ku ney Amutu nicatam Uḻakkukku nel kuṟuṇiyum kaṟi-Amutukku n(e)l ṉā-nāḻiyum tayir-amutukku nel (mu)ṉ-ṉāḻi (y-u)-
⟨16⟩ ⟨ri⟩(yu)m Aṭaikkāy-Amutukku nel (y-i)ru-nāḻiyum Āka nel nicatam nel kuṟuṇi Eḻu ṉāḻināl Or āṭṭai nāḷai nel(lu)m pattu
⟨17⟩ (Aṟu)-kalanē-y mu-k-kuṟuṇiyināl Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu mē¡(k)!k’ aṭaiya nāṉku mā-kāṇi A(rai)-k-kāṇi n¡i!kki Iṉ ki(ḻa)kku Iṭṭa ni-
⟨18⟩ lam (mu)(ṉ)ṟu mā-k-kaṇi muntirikai [*] (śaṃ)¿()ś?rāntikaḷ Ayana¡mm! iraṇṭum viṣu⟨m⟩ Iraṇṭum vaiykāci-vicākamum Āka {3 fractions} saṃ-
⟨19⟩ ¡g!rān=tiyum namaṉamāṭi Aruḷa Abhiṣeka-dakṣiṇaikku (paṭe)ruḷi t[i]ru _ Amutu ce¡y!avum (nel) Aim-pat(i)ṉ kala⟨t⟩-
⟨20⟩ tāl Iṭṭa nilam nālā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟu mē¡k!k’ aṭaiya munṟu mā Arai-k-kāṇi tiru-p-pu(k)kaikum tiru-cantaṇattu Or āṭṭai nāḷaikku (n)e-
⟨21⟩ l Iru-patin kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu Itaṉnoṭu paṭaiya mā-kāṇi tiru-paḷḷitāma-toṭuppārkum tirumeḻukku Iṭu(vark)-
⟨22⟩ kum Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu kaṟi-y-amutuku Iṭṭa nilattuku kiḻa(ku Arai)-mā Itanoṭum kiḻakk’ aṭaiya tiru-viḻāvuku Aṭṭa-
⟨23⟩ vuku kaṟikkum viṟakukum Aṭṭuvitukum nel nicatam kalam āka n(ā)ḷ muku Eḻu kala⟨t⟩tāl Iṭṭa nilam kāṇi muṉti⟨ri⟩kai-
⟨24⟩ yum Āka (pa)kaṇṇāṟṟu teṉ-kiḻaku nilam Arai-kāṇi vaiykāci vicākatuku tiru-viḻāvu⟨k⟩ku Aṭa Arici pata⟨k⟩k’ ēḻu kuttal ni-
⟨25⟩ cata Aiṅ-kalam-āka nāḷ Eḻukku Arici mupat’ aiṅ-kala⟨t⟩tāl nel Eṇ-patiṉ kala⟨t⟩tāl nilam Ai⟨ñ⟩cāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu kiḻal mēl
⟨26⟩ teṟ(k’ a)ṭaiya nilam kāl tiru-viḻāvukku nicatam Eṇṇai mu-k-kuṟuṇi nāḷ Ēḻukku kalaṉē Iru-tūṇi kuṟuṇi-y-āka nāḻi ⟨E⟩ṇ
⟨27⟩ (ṇaikku) tūnellā vaṉta nel ¿A?m-patt’ aṟu kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam Iti⟨l⟩ (va)ṭakk’ aṭaiya kiḻal mēl Iṭṭa nila(m)-
⟨28⟩ mu-m-mā-varai putukku pu(ṟa)ttu (nel)lu (nū)ṟṟu kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam Añcāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu nilam vaṭakk’ a(ṭai)-
⟨29⟩ ya kālum Āṟā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟṟum kāṇi tiruviḷak=ku nicatam Eṇ(ṇai nāḻi)k=ku nel tuṇiyāl (nū)ṟṟu Iru=(patiṉ) kalat(tu)
⟨30⟩ Āṟāṅ ka⟨ṇ⟩ṇā⟨ṛ⟩ṟu mē¡k!k’ aṭai⟨ya⟩ Eḻu mā-varai Apiṣekam ceyu nampik=ku nicatam nel pata⟨k⟩kin nāl Iṭṭa ni⟨la⟩m
⟨31⟩ {ṅ} kiḻakku muṉṟu mā mu-k-kāṇi Uvaiccu Āḷ Āṟukku I⟨ṭ⟩ṭa nilam Eḻā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟṟu mē¡k!k’ aṭaiya Eṭṭu mā-
⟨32⟩ -kāṇi muṉtirikai tiru-nantavāṉam mu⟨ṉ⟩ṟukku Itaṉ Oṭu kiḻak=k’ aṭaiya nilam Oru mā-v-arai Itaṉ kiḻakku maṇṇu-
⟨33⟩ lam Oru mā Ita Oṭum Aṭaiya kiḻak=ku nilam Oṟu mā(vu)m yikā puk=ku paruṣaiyāk=ku nila kāṇi ⟨y-a⟩rai-k kāṇi mun=tirikai kaṇākāṇi niṟp-
⟨34⟩ pu Oruṉ Oraṭu Aṭai nilam Oru mākaṇākāṇik=ku I

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

kō-p-para-kē(ca)ri-pamaṉmār-āṉa śrī-Uttama-cōḻa⟨r⟩kku ⟨2⟩ yāṇṭu 10 2 Āvatu

vaṭa-karai-brahmatēyam p(e)riya vāṉavaṉ-m(ā)⟨3⟩(de)vi-c-catu⟨r⟩vveti-maṅka⟨la⟩ttu śrī-kayilā(ya)ttu paramaśvāmika(ḷuk)ku (to)⟨4⟩ṇṭ(ai-ṉ)ā(ṭ)u (paḻuvūr-kō)ṭṭattu (kāva⟨ṉ⟩ūr cekkiḻān Araiyaṉ caṅkara-nā)⟨5⟩(r)āyaṇaṉ-āṉa cōḻa-muttaraiya⟨ṉ⟩-ēṉ Iṉ(ta) periya vāṉavaṉ-mā-tēvi-peruṅ-kuṟi⟨6⟩y-ā⟨ḷ⟩um kaṇattāruḷ śrī-cōḻa-(cū)ḻa-māṇi-cēri sabhaiyārku Iṟai-y-ili m(ikai) ⟨7⟩ vicatt’ iṭai Iṭṭa nilam vaṭa-kuṭi Ēri kiḻ Inta cēri sabhaiyār pa⟨k⟩kal nān y-iṟai⟨8⟩-(y)-ili koṇṭu Uṭaiya nila⟨m⟩ āvatu

y-ivv-ūr vaṭa-(ku)ṭi Ēri kiḻ parakē{y}cari-vā⟨yk⟩k⟨9⟩ā⟨l⟩ukku vaṭakkum vaṭa-kūṭi Ēri talaikaṇi vā⟨y⟩kkāllukku kiḻakkum vaṭa-v-āṟṟukku (m)ē⟨10⟩⟨ṟ⟩kum śrī-cōḻa-cūḻa-maṇi-(cēri)yār mu(ṉ viṟṟa ni)lam Iraṇṭā⟨ṅ⟩ (ka)ṇ(ṇā)ṟṟu n⟨ī⟩kki muṉṟā]]ṅ kaṇṇāṟu □ m ⟨11⟩ (nā)laṅ= kaṇṇāṟum Añc(ā)ṅ ⟨kaṇṇāṟu⟩(m) Ā(ṟu)ṅ kaṇṇāṟum Eḻā(ṅ) kaṇṇāṟu⟨m⟩ āka nilam (I)raṇṭ’ araiyē mu(ṉ)ṟu mā-k{k}⟨12⟩kāṇiyum

Iv⟨v⟩-ūr śrī-kayi⟨l⟩ā⟨ya⟩ttu mahā-(de)vaṟku cantrādittavaṟ nivantam ceyta paṭi Āḻvārkku tiru-Amutukku pōtu nā⟨13⟩-nāḻi y-āka muṉṟu sandhikkum (Arici) kuṟuṇi nā-ṉṉāḻi ku⟨t⟩tal-ariciyiṉāl nel mu-k-kuṟuṇi Aṟu-nāḻiyi(ṉā)l Orr āṭṭai nāḷaikku nel ⟨14⟩ nūṟṟu Oru pattu Iru-kalanē tūṇi-patakkukum ceyta nilam āvatu (mu)(ṉṟu)m kaṇṇāṟṟu kulai Arai-mā Arai muṉti⟨ri⟩kai

Āḻvā⟨r⟩k⟨15⟩ku ney Amutu nicatam Uḻakkukku nel kuṟuṇiyum kaṟi-Amutukku n(e)l ṉā-nāḻiyum tayir-amutukku nel (mu)ṉ-ṉāḻi (y-u)⟨16⟩⟨ri⟩(yu)m Aṭaikkāy-Amutukku nel (y-i)ru-nāḻiyum Āka nel nicatam nel kuṟuṇi Eḻu ṉāḻināl Or āṭṭai nāḷai nel(lu)m pattu ⟨17⟩ (Aṟu)-kalanē-y mu-k-kuṟuṇiyināl Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu mē⟨ṟ⟩k’ aṭaiya nāṉku mā-kāṇi A(rai)-k-kāṇi n⟨ī⟩kki Iṉ ki(ḻa)kku Iṭṭa ni⟨18⟩lam (mu)(ṉ)ṟu mā-k-kaṇi muntirikai

[1+] (śaṃ)⟨k⟩rāntikaḷ Ayana⟨m⟩ iraṇṭum viṣu⟨m⟩ Iraṇṭum vaiykāci-vicākamum Āka {3 fractions} saṃ⟨19⟩⟨k⟩rān=tiyum namaṉamāṭi Aruḷa Abhiṣeka-dakṣiṇaikku (paṭe)ruḷi t[i]ru _ Amutu ce⟨yy⟩avum (nel) Aim-pat(i)ṉ kala⟨t⟩⟨20⟩tāl Iṭṭa nilam nālā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟu mē⟨ṟ⟩k’ aṭaiya munṟu mā Arai-k-kāṇi

tiru-p-pu(k)kaikum tiru-cantaṇattu Or āṭṭai nāḷaikku (n)e⟨21⟩l Iru-patin kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu Itaṉnoṭu paṭaiya mā-kāṇi

tiru-paḷḷitāma-toṭuppārkum tirumeḻukku Iṭu(vark)⟨22⟩kum Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu kaṟi-y-amutuku Iṭṭa nilattuku kiḻa(ku Arai)-mā

Itanoṭum kiḻakk’ aṭaiya tiru-viḻāvuku Aṭṭa⟨23⟩vuku kaṟikkum viṟakukum Aṭṭuvitukum nel nicatam kalam āka n(ā)ḷ muku Eḻu kala⟨t⟩tāl Iṭṭa nilam kāṇi muṉti⟨ri⟩kai⟨24⟩yum Āka (pa)kaṇṇāṟṟu teṉ-kiḻaku nilam Arai-kāṇi

vaiykāci vicākatuku tiru-viḻāvu⟨k⟩ku Aṭa Arici pata⟨k⟩k’ ēḻu kuttal ni⟨25⟩cata Aiṅ-kalam-āka nāḷ Eḻukku Arici mupat’ aiṅ-kala⟨t⟩tāl nel Eṇ-patiṉ kala⟨t⟩tāl nilam Ai⟨ñ⟩cāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu kiḻal mēl ⟨26⟩ teṟ(k’ a)ṭaiya nilam kāl

tiru-viḻāvukku nicatam Eṇṇai mu-k-kuṟuṇi nāḷ Ēḻukku kalaṉē Iru-tūṇi kuṟuṇi-y-āka nāḻi ⟨E⟩ṇ ⟨27⟩ (ṇaikku) tūnellā vaṉta nel ⟨Ai⟩m-patt’ aṟu kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam Iti⟨l⟩ (va)ṭakk’ aṭaiya kiḻal mēl Iṭṭa nila(m)⟨28⟩mu-m-mā-varai

putukku pu(ṟa)ttu (nel)lu (nū)ṟṟu kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam Añcāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu nilam vaṭakk’ a(ṭai)⟨29⟩ya kālum Āṟā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟṟum kāṇi

tiruviḷak=ku nicatam Eṇ(ṇai nāḻi)k=ku nel tuṇiyāl (nū)ṟṟu Iru=(patiṉ) kalat(tu) ⟨30⟩ Āṟāṅ ka⟨ṇ⟩ṇā⟨ṛ⟩ṟu mē⟨ṟ⟩k’ aṭai⟨ya⟩ Eḻu mā-varai

Apiṣekam ceyu nampik=ku nicatam nel pata⟨k⟩kin nāl Iṭṭa ni⟨la⟩m ⟨31⟩ {ṅ} kiḻakku muṉṟu mā mu-k-kāṇi

Uvaiccu Āḷ Āṟukku I⟨ṭ⟩ṭa nilam Eḻā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟṟu mē⟨ṟ⟩k’ aṭaiya Eṭṭu mā⟨32⟩-kāṇi muṉtirikai

tiru-nantavāṉam mu⟨ṉ⟩ṟukku Itaṉ Oṭu kiḻak=k’ aṭaiya nilam Oru mā-v-arai

Itaṉ kiḻakku maṇṇu⟨33⟩lam Oru mā Ita Oṭum Aṭaiya kiḻak=ku nilam Oṟu mā(vu)m yikā puk=ku paruṣaiyāk=ku nila kāṇi ⟨y-a⟩rai-k kāṇi mun=tirikai kaṇākāṇi niṟp⟨34⟩pu Oruṉ Oraṭu Aṭai nilam Oru mākaṇākāṇik=ku I

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

kō-p-para-kē(ca)ri-pamaṉmār-āṉa śrī-Uttama-cōḻa⟨r⟩kku ⟨2⟩ yāṇṭu 10 2 Āvatu

vaṭa-karai-brahmatēyam p(e)riya vāṉavaṉ-m(ā)⟨3⟩(de)vi-c-catu⟨r⟩vveti-maṅka⟨la⟩ttu śrī-kayilā(ya)ttu paramaśvāmika(ḷuk)ku (to)⟨4⟩ṇṭ(ai-ṉ)ā(ṭ)u (paḻuvūr-kō)ṭṭattu (kāva¡ṉṉ!⟨ṉ⟩ūr cekkiḻān Araiyaṉ caṅkara-nā)⟨5⟩(r)āyaṇaṉ-āṉa cōḻa-muttaraiya¡ṉṉ!⟨ṉ⟩-ēṉ Iṉ(ta) periya vāṉavaṉ-mā-tēvi-peruṅ-kuṟi⟨6⟩y-ā¡ḷḷ!⟨ḷ⟩um kaṇattāruḷ śrī-cōḻa-(cū)ḻa-māṇi-cēri sabhaiyārku Iṟai-y-ili m(ikai) ⟨7⟩ vicatt’ iṭai Iṭṭa nilam vaṭa-kuṭi Ēri kiḻ Inta cēri sabhaiyār pa⟨k⟩kal nān y-iṟai⟨8⟩-(y)-ili koṇṭu Uṭaiya nila¡mm!⟨m⟩ āvatu

y-ivv-ūr vaṭa-(ku)ṭi Ēri kiḻ parakē{y}cari-vā⟨yk⟩k⟨9⟩ā¡ll!⟨l⟩ukku vaṭakkum vaṭa-kūṭi Ēri talaikaṇi vā⟨y⟩kkāllukku kiḻakkum vaṭa-v-āṟṟukku (m)ē⟨10⟩¡k!⟨ṟ⟩kum śrī-cōḻa-cūḻa-maṇi-(cēri)yār mu(ṉ viṟṟa ni)lam Iraṇṭā⟨ṅ⟩ (ka)ṇ(ṇā)ṟṟu n¡i!⟨ī⟩kki muṉṟā]]ṅ kaṇṇāṟu □ m ⟨11⟩ (nā)laṅ= kaṇṇāṟum Añc(ā)ṅ ⟨kaṇṇāṟu⟩(m) Ā(ṟu)ṅ kaṇṇāṟum Eḻā(ṅ) kaṇṇāṟu¡mm!⟨m⟩ āka nilam (I)raṇṭ’ araiyē mu(ṉ)ṟu mā-k{k}⟨12⟩kāṇiyum

Iv⟨v⟩-ūr śrī-kayi¿ll?⟨l⟩ā⟨ya⟩ttu mahā-(de)vaṟku cantrādittavaṟ nivantam ceyta paṭi Āḻvārkku tiru-Amutukku pōtu nā⟨13⟩-nāḻi y-āka muṉṟu sandhikkum (Arici) kuṟuṇi nā-ṉṉāḻi ku⟨t⟩tal-ariciyiṉāl nel mu-k-kuṟuṇi Aṟu-nāḻiyi(ṉā)l Orr āṭṭai nāḷaikku nel ⟨14⟩ nūṟṟu Oru pattu Iru-kalanē tūṇi-patakkukum ceyta nilam āvatu (mu)(ṉṟu)m kaṇṇāṟṟu kulai Arai-mā Arai muṉti⟨ri⟩kai

Āḻvā⟨r⟩k⟨15⟩ku ney Amutu nicatam Uḻakkukku nel kuṟuṇiyum kaṟi-Amutukku n(e)l ṉā-nāḻiyum tayir-amutukku nel (mu)ṉ-ṉāḻi (y-u)⟨16⟩⟨ri⟩(yu)m Aṭaikkāy-Amutukku nel (y-i)ru-nāḻiyum Āka nel nicatam nel kuṟuṇi Eḻu ṉāḻināl Or āṭṭai nāḷai nel(lu)m pattu ⟨17⟩ (Aṟu)-kalanē-y mu-k-kuṟuṇiyināl Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu mē¡(k)!⟨ṟ⟩k’ aṭaiya nāṉku mā-kāṇi A(rai)-k-kāṇi n¡i!⟨ī⟩kki Iṉ ki(ḻa)kku Iṭṭa ni⟨18⟩lam (mu)(ṉ)ṟu mā-k-kaṇi muntirikai

[1+] (śaṃ)¿()ś?⟨k⟩rāntikaḷ Ayana¡mm!⟨m⟩ iraṇṭum viṣu⟨m⟩ Iraṇṭum vaiykāci-vicākamum Āka {3 fractions} saṃ⟨19⟩¡g!⟨k⟩rān=tiyum namaṉamāṭi Aruḷa Abhiṣeka-dakṣiṇaikku (paṭe)ruḷi t[i]ru _ Amutu ce¡y!⟨yy⟩avum (nel) Aim-pat(i)ṉ kala⟨t⟩⟨20⟩tāl Iṭṭa nilam nālā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟu mē¡k!⟨ṟ⟩k’ aṭaiya munṟu mā Arai-k-kāṇi

tiru-p-pu(k)kaikum tiru-cantaṇattu Or āṭṭai nāḷaikku (n)e⟨21⟩l Iru-patin kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu Itaṉnoṭu paṭaiya mā-kāṇi

tiru-paḷḷitāma-toṭuppārkum tirumeḻukku Iṭu(vark)⟨22⟩kum Iṭṭa nilam nālāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu kaṟi-y-amutuku Iṭṭa nilattuku kiḻa(ku Arai)-mā

tiru-viḻāvukku nicatam Eṇṇai mu-k-kuṟuṇi nāḷ Ēḻukku kalaṉē Iru-tūṇi kuṟuṇi-y-āka nāḻi ⟨E⟩ṇ ⟨27⟩ (ṇaikku) tūnellā vaṉta nel ¿A?⟨Ai⟩m-patt’ aṟu kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam Iti⟨l⟩ (va)ṭakk’ aṭaiya kiḻal mēl Iṭṭa nila(m)⟨28⟩mu-m-mā-varai

putukku pu(ṟa)ttu (nel)lu (nū)ṟṟu kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam Añcāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu nilam vaṭakk’ a(ṭai)⟨29⟩ya kālum Āṟā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟṟum kāṇi

tiruviḷak=ku nicatam Eṇ(ṇai nāḻi)k=ku nel tuṇiyāl (nū)ṟṟu Iru=(patiṉ) kalat(tu) ⟨30⟩ Āṟāṅ ka⟨ṇ⟩ṇā⟨ṛ⟩ṟu mē¡k!⟨ṟ⟩k’ aṭai⟨ya⟩ Eḻu mā-varai

Apiṣekam ceyu nampik=ku nicatam nel pata⟨k⟩kin nāl Iṭṭa ni⟨la⟩m ⟨31⟩ {ṅ} kiḻakku muṉṟu mā mu-k-kāṇi

Uvaiccu Āḷ Āṟukku I⟨ṭ⟩ṭa nilam Eḻā⟨ṅ⟩ kaṇṇāṟṟu mē¡k!⟨ṟ⟩k’ aṭaiya Eṭṭu mā⟨32⟩-kāṇi muṉtirikai

tiru-nantavāṉam mu⟨ṉ⟩ṟukku Itaṉ Oṭu kiḻak=k’ aṭaiya nilam Oru mā-v-arai

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ cōḻa⟨r⟩kku ⬦ coḻa(ṟ)ku SII; coḻaku G.

⟨5⟩ Iṉ(ta) ⬦ Iṉta SII; Iṉcu G.

⟨7⟩ vicattiṭai G ⬦ vicattil SII.

⟨10⟩ kaṇṇāṟu □ m ⬦ kaṇṇāṟu SII; kaṇṇāṟu [3+] (m) G.

⟨11⟩ (nā)laṅ ⬦ nila(ṅ) SII; (ni)laṅ G.

⟨16⟩ nel(lu)m pattu ⬦ nellu Aimmattu SII; nell(u Ai)mmattu G.

Translation by Gillet 2023

⟨1⟩ Fortune! Prosperity!

⟨1–2⟩ [This is the] 12th year of Kōpparakesarivarman.

⟨2–8⟩ To the Lord (paraśvāmikaḷukku) of Śrī Kayilāyam of big Vāṉavaṉ-mahādevi-caturvedimaṅgalam, a brahmadeya on the northern bank, I, Cōḻamuttaraiyaṉ alias Cēkkiḻāṉ Araiyaṉ Caṅkara Nārāyaṇaṉ of Kāvaṉṉūr in Paḻuvūr kōṭṭam in Toṇṭaināṭu; the land which was placed for the abundant expenses (mikai vicattu) of the tax-free [land] for those of the Sabhā of Śrī Cōḻacūḻamāṇicēri including the managers (kaṇattāruḷ) [of?] the great assembly (peruṅkuṟiyāḷḷum) of this big Vāṉavaṉ-mahādevi, I (nān) have taken, without taxes, from those of the Sabhā of this quarter (inta cēri) [which is] under [the irrigation] of the Vaṭakuṭi tank; this is the land (nilam āvatu) which [I] possess:

⟨9–12⟩ To the north of the canal Parakesari under [the irrigation of] the Vaṭakuṭi lake of this village; to the east of the canal Talaikaṇi [of] the Vaṭakūṭi lake; and to the west of the northern river; having removed the irrigation canal by the two lands bought before by those of the quarters (cēriyār) of Śrī Cōḻacūḻamāṇi; three sixteenth [which are] two and a half land as the seventh irrigation canal, the sixth and the fifth irrigation canal, the […] irrigation canal […], the third irrigation canal.

⟨12–14⟩ To Mahādeva of Śrī Kayilāyam (kayillāttu, that is, kayilāyattu) of this village, as per the donation which was made as long as the sun and the moon endure, as four nāḻis for one time for food offerings for the Lord (āḻvārkku), the rice for the three sandhi (juncture of the day), with four nāḻis and one kuṟuṇi of pounded rice (kuttal ariciyiṉāl), with six nāḻis and three kuṟuṇis of paddy, for one day in the year, this is the land which made one hundred and twelve kalams, one tūṇi and a patakku [of paddy]: half a muntirikai of a fourthieth on the rim of the third irrigation canal.

⟨14–18⟩ As one kuṟuṇi of paddy for one uḻakku every day of ghee food offering for the Lord (āḻvākku, that is, āḻvārkku), four nāḻis of paddy for vegetable food offering, three nāḻis of paddy for curd food offering and two nāḻis of paddy for arecanut food offering, [these are] seven nāḻis and one kuṟuṇi of paddy everyday for one day in the year, the land was placed for three kuṟuṇis, six kalams of (aimmattu?) of paddy: a muntirikai and three sixteenth [is] the land (nilam) which was placed to the east, having removed four sixteenth of half a kāṇi on the western boundary of the fourth irrigation canal.

⟨18–20⟩ For the ritual fee of abhiṣeka (abhiṣeka-dakṣiṇaikku) for the gracious holy bath (napaṉam āṭi aruḷa) on five Saṅkrāntis, that are the Saṅkrāntis of the two ayanams, the two viṣus, and of the month of Vaikāci Vicākam, the land placed for fifty kalams of paddy to make holy food offering, having graciously […], [are] three mās and half a kāṇi on the western boundary of the fourth irrigation canal.

⟨20–21⟩ For one day in the year of sandal paste (tirucantaṉattu) for the holy smoke (tiruppukkaikum), the land which was placed for twenty kalams of paddy [is] a sixteenth of the sluice with this fourth irrigation canal.

⟨21–22⟩ The land placed for those cleaning the floor with cow-dung (tirumeḻukku iṭuvarkkum) and those making the holy garlands (tirupaḷḷitāmatoṭuppārkum) [is] on the eastern boundary with this one-fourthieth to the east of the land placed for the vegetable food offering of the fourth irrigation canal.

⟨22–24⟩ For the supply of firewood (viṟakukum) and the vegetables (kaṟikkum) for the eight festivals (tiruviḻāviku aṭṭavukku), as the daily kalams of paddy, the land which was placed for seven kalams and three kuṟuṇis per day [is] half a kāṇi of land to the south-east of the irrigation canal as a kāṇi and a muntirikai.

⟨24–26⟩ As five kalams everyday of seven patakkus of pounded rice supplied for the festival of Vaikāci Vicākam, for seven days, for seventy kalams of paddy and for thirty-five kalams of rice, the land [is] a quarter land on the south-western boundary to the east of the fifth irrigation canal.

⟨26–29⟩ For the festival (tiru-viḻāvukku), three kuṟuṇis of oil everyday, as one kuṟuṇi and two tūṇis and one kalam for seven days, the land placed for fifty-six kalams of paddy accrued with pure paddy for one nāḻi of oil, [is] the land placed for hundred kalams of paddy of the land renovated for a sixteenth [of the whole] land placed on the west, to the east of the northern boundary in this, a kāṇi by the sixth irrigation canal and a quarter to the northern boundary of the land of the fifth irrigation canal.

⟨29–30⟩ For one nāḻi of oil every day for a lamp, hundred and twenty kalams with one tūṇi of paddy, seven sixteenth on the western boundary of the sixth irrigation canal.

⟨30–31⟩ For Nampi performing the abhiṣeka, the land placed for one patakku of paddy everyday [is] three mās and three kāṇis to the east.

⟨31–32⟩ For six men (āḷ) with drums (uvaiccu), the land placed is one muntirikai, one kāṇi and eight mās on the western boundary of the seventh irrigation canal.

⟨32⟩ One eighth of land on the eastern boundary with this for the existence (uṟukku?) of a holy garden (tirunantavāṉam).

⟨32–34⟩ One mā of land to the east which joins with this one mā of dry land to the east of this, the land for those of the assembly (paruṣaiyārkku) who enter (pukku) [?], one muntirikai and half a kāṇi and a kāṇi, one mā of land joining with one […] of the temple manager (kaṇkāṇi), for the temple manager (kaṇkāṇikku) […]

Commentary

The inscription is apparently left unfinished.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1928-1929 (ARIE/1928-1929/B/1928-1929/158).

Edited in Swaminathan 2012 (SII 32, part 2, no. 104). Edited and translated in Gillet 2023, based on autopsy and photographs (by Valérie Gillet, 2018).

This revised edition and translation by Valérie Gillet and Emmanuel Francis. Letters legible in SII 32.2.104 are marked here unclear but not recorded in the apparatus.

Primary

[SII] Swaminathan, S. 2012. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XXXII: inscriptions of the early Chola kings upto Uttama Chola. South Indian Inscriptions 32. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director General). Pages 218–220, item 104.

[G] Gillet, Valérie. 2023. “Constructing temple, constructing power: Temple reconstruction process in 10th-century Tamil-speaking South with special emphasis on Govindapputtur.” In: The Routledge Handbook of Hindu Temples. By Himanshu Prabha Ray, Salila Kulshreshtha and Uthara Suvrathan. London: Routledge India, pp. 57–95. [URL]. Pages 85–87, item 13.

Secondary

ARIE 1928-1929. Annual report on epigraphy for the year 1928-1929. Edited by S. V. Viswanatha. Madras: Government Press, [1930]. Page TBC, appendixes B/1928-1929, item 158.

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<summary>Northern façade, on the wall section on the eastern side (= left) of the niche of Brahmā. Regnal year 12 of Kōpparakesarivarman = Uttamacōḻa (<foreign>circa</foreign> 983 CE).

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<lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi>

kō-p-para-kē<hi rend="grantha"><unclear>ca</unclear></hi>ri-pamaṉmār-āṉa <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-Uttama-cōḻa<reg>r</reg>kku

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Itanoṭum kiḻakk' aṭaiya tiru-viḻāvuku Aṭṭa

<lb n="23" break="no"/>vuku kaṟikkum viṟakukum Aṭṭuvitukum nel nicatam kalam āka n<unclear>ā</unclear>ḷ muku Eḻu kala<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>tāl Iṭṭa nilam kāṇi muṉti<supplied reason="omitted">ri</supplied>kai

<lb n="24" break="no"/>yum Āka <unclear>pa</unclear>kaṇṇāṟṟu teṉ-kiḻaku nilam Arai-kāṇi

vaiykāci vicākatuku tiru-viḻāvu<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>ku Aṭa Arici pata<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>k' ēḻu kuttal ni

<lb n="25" break="no"/>cata Aiṅ-kalam-āka nāḷ Eḻukku Arici mupat' aiṅ-kala<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>tāl nel Eṇ-patiṉ kala<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>tāl nilam Ai<supplied reason="omitted">ñ</supplied>cāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu kiḻal mēl

<lb n="26"/>teṟ<unclear>k' a</unclear>ṭaiya nilam kāl

tiru-viḻāvukku nicatam Eṇṇai mu-k-kuṟuṇi nāḷ Ēḻukku kalaṉē Iru-tūṇi kuṟuṇi-y-āka nāḻi <supplied reason="omitted">E</supplied>ṇ

<lb n="27"/><unclear>ṇaikku</unclear> tūnellā vaṉta nel <choice><sic>A</sic><corr>Ai</corr></choice>m-patt' aṟu kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam Iti<supplied reason="omitted">l</supplied> <unclear>va</unclear>ṭakk' aṭaiya kiḻal mēl Iṭṭa nila<unclear>m</unclear>

<lb n="28" break="no"/>mu-m-mā-varai

putukku pu<unclear>ṟa</unclear>ttu <unclear>nel</unclear>lu <unclear>nū</unclear>ṟṟu kalattāl Iṭṭa nilam Añcāṅ kaṇṇāṟṟu nilam vaṭakk' a<unclear>ṭai</unclear>

<lb n="29" break="no"/>ya kālum Āṟā<supplied reason="omitted">ṅ</supplied> kaṇṇāṟṟum kāṇi

tiruviḷak=ku nicatam Eṇ<unclear>ṇai nāḻi</unclear>k=ku nel tuṇiyāl <unclear>nū</unclear>ṟṟu Iru=<unclear>patiṉ</unclear> kalat<unclear>tu</unclear>

<lb n="30"/>Āṟāṅ ka<supplied reason="omitted">ṇ</supplied>ṇā<supplied reason="omitted">ṛ</supplied>ṟu mē<choice><orig>k</orig><reg>ṟ</reg></choice>k' aṭai<supplied reason="omitted">ya</supplied> Eḻu mā-varai

Api<hi rend="grantha">ṣe</hi>kam ceyu nampik=ku nicatam nel pata<supplied reason="omitted">k</supplied>kin nāl Iṭṭa ni<supplied reason="omitted">la</supplied>m

<lb n="31"/><surplus>ṅ</surplus> kiḻakku muṉṟu mā mu-k-kāṇi

Uvaiccu Āḷ Āṟukku I<supplied reason="omitted">ṭ</supplied>ṭa nilam Eḻā<supplied reason="omitted">ṅ</supplied> kaṇṇāṟṟu mē<choice><orig>k</orig><reg>ṟ</reg></choice>k' aṭaiya Eṭṭu mā

<lb n="32" break="no"/>-kāṇi muṉtirikai

tiru-nantavāṉam mu<supplied reason="omitted">ṉ</supplied>ṟukku Itaṉ Oṭu kiḻak=k' aṭaiya nilam Oru mā-v-arai

Itaṉ kiḻakku maṇṇu

<lb n="33" break="no"/>lam Oru mā Ita Oṭum Aṭaiya kiḻak=ku nilam Oṟu mā<unclear>vu</unclear>m yikā puk=ku paru<hi rend="grantha">ṣai</hi>yāk=ku nila kāṇi <supplied reason="omitted">y-a</supplied>rai-k kāṇi mun=tirik<hi rend="grantha">ai</hi> kaṇākāṇi niṟp

<lb n="34" break="no"/>pu Oruṉ Oraṭu Aṭai nilam Oru mākaṇākāṇik=ku I

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<!--<app loc="0">

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<rdg source="bib:Gillet2023_01">coḻaku</rdg>

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</app>

<lem source="bib:Gillet2023_01">vicattiṭai</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Swaminathan2012_01">vicattil</rdg>

</app>

<lem>kaṇṇāṟu <space type="defect"/> m</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Swaminathan2012_01">kaṇṇāṟu</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Gillet2023_01">kaṇṇāṟu <gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/> <unclear>m</unclear></rdg>

</app>

</app>

<lem>nel<unclear>lu</unclear>m pattu</lem>

<rdg source="bib:Swaminathan2012_01">nellu Aimmattu</rdg>

<rdg source="bib:Gillet2023_01">nell<unclear>u Ai</unclear>mmattu</rdg>

</app>

</listApp>

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Fortune! Prosperity!

<supplied reason="subaudible">This is the</supplied> 12th year of Kōpparakesarivarman.

To the Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paraśvāmikaḷukku</foreign></supplied> of Śrī Kayilāyam of big Vāṉavaṉ-mahādevi-caturvedimaṅgalam, a <foreign>brahmadeya</foreign> on the northern bank, I, Cōḻamuttaraiyaṉ alias Cēkkiḻāṉ Araiyaṉ Caṅkara Nārāyaṇaṉ of Kāvaṉṉūr in Paḻuvūr <foreign>kōṭṭam</foreign> in Toṇṭaināṭu; the land which was placed for the abundant expenses <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>mikai vicattu</foreign></supplied> of the tax-free <supplied reason="subaudible">land</supplied> for those of the Sabhā of Śrī Cōḻacūḻamāṇicēri including the managers <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṇattāruḷ</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">of?</supplied> the great assembly <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>peruṅkuṟiyāḷḷum</foreign></supplied> of this big Vāṉavaṉ-mahādevi, I <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nān</foreign></supplied> have taken, without taxes, from those of the Sabhā of this quarter <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>inta cēri</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">which is</supplied> under <supplied reason="subaudible">the irrigation</supplied> of the Vaṭakuṭi tank; this is the land <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nilam āvatu</foreign></supplied> which <supplied reason="subaudible">I</supplied> possess:

To the north of the canal Parakesari under <supplied reason="subaudible">the irrigation of</supplied> the Vaṭakuṭi lake of this village; to the east of the canal Talaikaṇi <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> the Vaṭakūṭi lake; and to the west of the northern river; having removed the irrigation canal by the two lands bought before by those of the quarters <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>cēriyār</foreign></supplied> of Śrī Cōḻacūḻamāṇi; three sixteenth <supplied reason="subaudible">which are</supplied> two and a half land as the seventh irrigation canal, the sixth and the fifth irrigation canal, the <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> irrigation canal <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>, the third irrigation canal.

To Mahādeva of Śrī Kayilāyam <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kayillāttu</foreign>, that is, <foreign>kayilāyattu</foreign></supplied> of this village, as per the donation which was made as long as the sun and the moon endure, as four <foreign>nāḻi</foreign>s for one time for food offerings for the Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āḻvārkku</foreign></supplied>, the rice for the three <foreign>sandhi</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation">juncture of the day</supplied>, with four <foreign>nāḻi</foreign>s and one <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign> of pounded rice <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kuttal ariciyiṉāl</foreign></supplied>, with six <foreign>nāḻi</foreign>s and three <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign>s of paddy, for one day in the year, this is the land which made one hundred and twelve <foreign>kalam</foreign>s, one <foreign>tūṇi</foreign> and a <foreign>patakku</foreign> <supplied reason="subaudible">of paddy</supplied>: half a <foreign>muntirikai</foreign> of a fourthieth on the rim of the third irrigation canal.

As one <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign> of paddy for one <foreign>uḻakku</foreign> every day of <foreign>ghee</foreign> food offering for the Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āḻvākku</foreign>, that is, <foreign>āḻvārkku</foreign></supplied>, four <foreign>nāḻi</foreign>s of paddy for vegetable food offering, three <foreign>nāḻi</foreign>s of paddy for curd food offering and two <foreign>nāḻi</foreign>s of paddy for arecanut food offering, <supplied reason="subaudible">these are</supplied> seven <foreign>nāḻi</foreign>s and one <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign> of paddy everyday for one day in the year, the land was placed for three <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign>s, six <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>aimmattu</foreign>?</supplied> of paddy: a <foreign>muntirikai</foreign> and three sixteenth <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> the land <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nilam</foreign></supplied> which was placed to the east, having removed four sixteenth of half a <foreign>kāṇi</foreign> on the western boundary of the fourth irrigation canal.

For the ritual fee of <foreign>abhiṣeka</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>abhiṣeka-dakṣiṇaikku</foreign></supplied> for the gracious holy bath <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>napaṉam āṭi aruḷa</foreign></supplied> on five Saṅkrāntis, that are the Saṅkrāntis of the two <foreign>ayanam</foreign>s, the two <foreign>viṣu</foreign>s, and of the month of Vaikāci Vicākam, the land placed for fifty <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy to make holy food offering, having graciously <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/>, <supplied reason="subaudible">are</supplied> three <foreign>mā</foreign>s and half a <foreign>kāṇi</foreign> on the western boundary of the fourth irrigation canal.

For one day in the year of sandal paste <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tirucantaṉattu</foreign></supplied> for the holy smoke <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruppukkaikum</foreign></supplied>, the land which was placed for twenty <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> a sixteenth of the sluice with this fourth irrigation canal.

The land placed for those cleaning the floor with cow-dung <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tirumeḻukku iṭuvarkkum</foreign></supplied> and those making the holy garlands <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tirupaḷḷitāmatoṭuppārkum</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> on the eastern boundary with this one-fourthieth to the east of the land placed for the vegetable food offering of the fourth irrigation canal.

For the supply of firewood <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṟakukum</foreign></supplied> and the vegetables <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṟikkum</foreign></supplied> for the eight festivals <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruviḻāviku aṭṭavukku</foreign></supplied>, as the daily <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy, the land which was placed for seven <foreign>kalam</foreign>s and three <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign>s per day <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> half a <foreign>kāṇi</foreign> of land to the south-east of the irrigation canal as a <foreign>kāṇi</foreign> and a <foreign>muntirikai</foreign>.

As five <foreign>kalam</foreign>s everyday of seven <foreign>patakku</foreign>s of pounded rice supplied for the festival of Vaikāci Vicākam, for seven days, for seventy <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy and for thirty-five <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of rice, the land <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> a quarter land on the south-western boundary to the east of the fifth irrigation canal.

For the festival <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiru-viḻāvukku</foreign></supplied>, three <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign>s of oil everyday, as one <foreign>kuṟuṇi</foreign> and two <foreign>tūṇi</foreign>s and one <foreign>kalam</foreign> for seven days, the land placed for fifty-six <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy accrued with pure paddy for one <foreign>nāḻi</foreign> of oil, <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> the land placed for hundred <foreign>kalam</foreign>s of paddy of the land renovated for a sixteenth <supplied reason="subaudible">of the whole</supplied> land placed on the west, to the east of the northern boundary in this, a <foreign>kāṇi</foreign> by the sixth irrigation canal and a quarter to the northern boundary of the land of the fifth irrigation canal.

For one <foreign>nāḻi</foreign> of oil every day for a lamp, hundred and twenty <foreign>kalam</foreign>s with one <foreign>tūṇi</foreign> of paddy, seven sixteenth on the western boundary of the sixth irrigation canal.

For Nampi performing the <foreign>abhiṣeka</foreign>, the land placed for one <foreign>patakku</foreign> of paddy everyday <supplied reason="subaudible">is</supplied> three <foreign>mā</foreign>s and three <foreign>kāṇi</foreign>s to the east.

For six men <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>āḷ</foreign></supplied> with drums <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>uvaiccu</foreign></supplied>, the land placed is one <foreign>muntirikai</foreign>, one <foreign>kāṇi</foreign> and eight <foreign>mā</foreign>s on the western boundary of the seventh irrigation canal.

One eighth of land on the eastern boundary with this for the existence <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>uṟukku</foreign>?</supplied> of a holy garden <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tirunantavāṉam</foreign></supplied>.

One <foreign>mā</foreign> of land to the east which joins with this one <foreign>mā</foreign> of dry land to the east of this, the land for those of the assembly <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paruṣaiyārkku</foreign></supplied> who enter <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>pukku</foreign></supplied> <supplied reason="subaudible">?</supplied>, one <foreign>muntirikai</foreign> and half a <foreign>kāṇi</foreign> and a <foreign>kāṇi</foreign>, one <foreign>mā</foreign> of land joining with one <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/> of the temple manager <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṇkāṇi</foreign></supplied>, for the temple manager <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kaṇkāṇikku</foreign></supplied> <gap reason="lost" extent="unknown" unit="character"/></div>

The inscription is apparently left unfinished.

</div>

Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1928-1929"/></bibl> (ARIE/1928-1929/B/1928-1929/158).

Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Swaminathan2012_01"/></bibl> (<ref target="DHARMA_INSSIIv32p2i0104">SII 32, part 2, no. 104</ref>). Edited and translated in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Gillet2023_01"/></bibl>, based on autopsy and photographs (<ref target="https://didomena.ehess.fr/concern/data_sets/****">by Valérie Gillet, 2018</ref>).

This revised edition and translation by Valérie Gillet and Emmanuel Francis. Letters legible in SII 32.2.104 are marked here unclear but not recorded in the apparatus.

</bibl>

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<bibl>

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</body>

</text>

</TEI>