Kōvintapputtūr (Govindapputtūr), Gaṅgājaṭādhara temple, time of Parakesarivarman, year (1)3

Editors: Valérie Gillet, Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00518.

Summary: On the upper part of the southernmost wall section of the western façade of the sanctuary. Regnal year 13 of Kōpparakesarivarman = Uttamacōḻa (circa 984 CE).

Hand description:

Some mistakes are unusual: cōḻḻa for cōḻa, vimmā for vimāṉa, paḻuvuṟ for paḻuvūr, hmādevaṟku for mahādevaṟku.

Language: Tamil.

Repository: Tamil Nadu (varia) (tfa-tamilnadu-epigraphy).

Version: 2025-07-16 14:38 (945c2a7), last modified 2025-07-02 15:42 (fc93961).

⟨1⟩ svasti ⟨⟨śrī⟩⟩

kō-p-para-kēcari-panmaṟku yāṇṭu (10) 3 muṉṟ-āvatu

vaṭa-karai-brahmadeyam pe⟨2⟩riya śrī-vāṉavaṉ-mā-tēvi-c-catu(r)vveti-maṅkalattu śrī-vijaya-maṅkala-t(ē)⟨3⟩vaṟ kōyi⟨l⟩ śrī-vi¿mm?⟨m⟩ā⟨ṉam⟩ kallā⟨l⟩ Eḻu(nt-a)ruḷḷuviccēṉ śrī-U¿t?⟨tt⟩a¿mma?⟨m⟩-cō¿ḻḻ?⟨ḻ⟩a-tēvaṟ peru⟨4⟩n-tiṟattu kuvaḷḷālam Uṭaiyāṉ Ampalavaṉ paḻuv¿u?⟨ū⟩ṟ nakkaṉ-āna vikrama-cō¿ḻḻ?⟨ḻ⟩a⟨5⟩-mā-rā(ya)¡nn!⟨n⟩ē

I-śrī-vijaya-maṅkalattu ¿hmā?⟨mahā⟩-devaṟku ṉā

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ svasti ⟨⟨śrī⟩⟩ • G: “The śrī was forgotten and added under the line, between the sti and the ko.”

Translation by Gillet 2023

(1) Fortune! Prosperity!

(1) [This is the] 13th year of Kōpparakesarivarman.

(1–5) I, Ampalavaṉ Paḻuvūr Nakkaṉ alias Vikramacōḻa Mārāyan, lord (uṭaiyāṉ) of Kuvaḷḷālam, of the peruntaṟam of Śrī-Uttamacōḻatēvar, I have graciously caused to raise (eḻuntaruḷḷuviccēṉ) in stone the holy sanctuary of the temple of Śrī-Vijayamaṅgaladevar of the big Śrī-Vāṉavaṉ-mahādevi-caturvetimaṅgalam, a brahmadeya of the northern bank.

(5) For Mahādeva of this Śrī-Vijayamaṅkalam … (ṉa)

Commentary

(5) The inscription is unfinished.

Bibliography

Reported in ARIE 1928-1929 (ARIE/1928-1929/B/1928-1929/165).

Edited in Srinivasa Rao et al. 1967 (SII 19.332), in Swaminathan 2012 (SII 32, part 2, no. 122). Edited and translated in Gillet 2023, based on autopsy and photographs (by Valérie Gillet, 2018).

This digital edition by Valérie Gillet and Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII19] Srinivasa Rao, G.V., Dines Chandra Sircar and G.S. Gai. 1967. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume XIX: Inscriptions of Parakesarivarman. South Indian Inscriptions 19. Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Manager of Publications). Page 168, item 332.

[SII32] Swaminathan, S. 2012. South Indian inscriptions. Volume XXXII: inscriptions of the early Chola kings upto Uttama Chola. South Indian Inscriptions 32. New Delhi: Archaeological survey of India (Director General). Page 238, item 122.

[G] Gillet, Valérie. 2023. “Constructing temple, constructing power: Temple reconstruction process in 10th-century Tamil-speaking South with special emphasis on Govindapputtur.” In: The Routledge Handbook of Hindu Temples. By Himanshu Prabha Ray, Salila Kulshreshtha and Uthara Suvrathan. London: Routledge India, pp. 57–95. [URL]. Page 80, item 8.

Secondary

ARIE 1928-1929. Annual report on epigraphy for the year 1928-1929. Edited by S. V. Viswanatha. Madras: Government Press, [1930]. Page TBC, appendixes B/1928-1929, item 165.

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<summary><p>On the upper part of the southernmost wall section of the western façade of the sanctuary. Regnal year 13 of Kōpparakesarivarman = Uttamacōḻa (<foreign>circa</foreign> 984 CE).</p>

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<lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti <add place="below">śrī</add></hi>

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kō-p-para-kēcari-pa<hi rend="grantha">nma</hi>ṟku yāṇṭu <unclear reason="eccentric_ductus">10</unclear> 3 muṉṟ-āvatu

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vaṭa-karai-<hi rend="grantha">brahmade</hi>yam pe

<lb n="2" break="no"/>riya <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-vāṉavaṉ-mā-tēvi-c-catu<hi rend="grantha"><unclear>r</unclear>vve</hi>ti-maṅkalattu <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-vi<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>ya-maṅkala-t<unclear>ē</unclear>

<lb n="3" break="no"/>vaṟ kōyi<supplied reason="omitted">l</supplied> <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-vi<choice><sic><hi rend="grantha">m</hi>m</sic><corr>m</corr></choice>ā<supplied reason="omitted">ṉam</supplied> kallā<supplied reason="omitted">l</supplied> Eḻu<unclear>nt-a</unclear>ruḷḷuviccēṉ <hi rend="grantha">śrī-</hi>U<choice><sic>t</sic><corr>tt</corr></choice>a<choice><sic><hi rend="grantha">m</hi>ma</sic><corr>m</corr></choice>-cō<choice><sic>ḻḻ</sic><corr>ḻ</corr></choice>a-tēvaṟ peru

<lb n="4" break="no"/>n-tiṟattu kuvaḷḷālam Uṭaiyāṉ Ampalavaṉ paḻuv<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>ṟ nakkaṉ-āna vi<hi rend="grantha">kra</hi>ma-cō<choice><sic>ḻḻ</sic><corr>ḻ</corr></choice>a

<lb n="5" break="no"/>-mā-rā<unclear>ya</unclear><choice><orig>nn</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>ē

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I-<hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-vi<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>ya-maṅkalattu

<hi rend="grantha"><choice><sic>hmā</sic><corr>mahā</corr></choice>-de</hi>vaṟku ṉā

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<lem><hi rend="grantha">svasti <add place="below">śrī</add></hi></lem>

<note><ptr target="bib:Gillet2023_01"/>: <quote>The <foreign>śrī</foreign> was forgotten and added under the line, between the <foreign>sti</foreign> and the <foreign>ko</foreign>.</quote></note>

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<p n="1">Fortune! Prosperity!</p>

<p n="1"><supplied reason="subaudible">This is the</supplied> 13th year of Kōpparakesarivarman.</p>

I, Ampalavaṉ Paḻuvūr Nakkaṉ alias Vikramacōḻa Mārāyan, lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>uṭaiyāṉ</foreign></supplied> of Kuvaḷḷālam, of the <foreign>peruntaṟam</foreign> of Śrī-Uttamacōḻatēvar, I have graciously caused to raise <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>eḻuntaruḷḷuviccēṉ</foreign></supplied> in stone the holy sanctuary of the temple of Śrī-Vijayamaṅgaladevar of the big Śrī-Vāṉavaṉ-mahādevi-caturvetimaṅgalam, a <foreign>brahmadeya</foreign> of the northern bank.

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For Mahādeva of this Śrī-Vijayamaṅkalam <gap reason="ellipsis"/> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ṉa</foreign></supplied></p>

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<p n="5">The inscription is unfinished.</p>

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<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1928-1929"/></bibl> (ARIE/1928-1929/B/1928-1929/165).</p>

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<p>This digital edition by Valérie Gillet and Emmanuel Francis.</p>

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