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15 <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
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20 <resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>
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· Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
35 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
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· <p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis & Vincent Tournier.</p>
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85 <p>
· <lb n="1"/>Āḷ-uṭaiya ṉā
· <lb n="2" break="no"/>yakar <g type="gomutraFinal"/></p>
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·<div type="translation" source="bib:Ramachandran1954_01">
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· <p n="1-2">The Nāyakar <supplied reason="explanation">i.e., Lord Buddha</supplied> who was the Lord of people.</p>
105
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·<div type="translation" resp="part:emfr">
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· <p n="1-2">The Lord, Lord of men.</p>
110
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· <p><bibl><ptr target="bib:Ramachandran1954_01"/></bibl> comments thus: <quote>In this votive offering the Buddha is appropriately praised as the Lord of men in the spiritual sense.</quote></p>
115 <p>The terms <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiyāṉ</foreign> / <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiyaṉ</foreign> and <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiya</foreign>, respectively a nominal and a adjectival form, literally mean "who owns/possesses men/servants/devotees". See MTL, s.v. <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiyāṉ</foreign>: <quote>n. 1. One who has accepted a person as servant; 2. Lord, Supreme Being.</quote> In the present case, it is not clear, but not relevant for the meaning, if we have to read <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiyaṉāyakar</foreign> (<foreign>āḷ-uṭaiyaṉ</foreign> + <foreign>nāyakar</foreign>) or <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiya <choice><orig>ṉ</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>āyakar</foreign>.</p>
· <p>Compare <ref target="DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00200.xml">Tamil Nadu 320</ref>.</p>
· <p>The Śaiva saints and poets of the <foreign>Tēvāram</foreign>, Appar, Cuntarar, and Campantar, are respectively known in epigraphical sources as <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiya v-aracu</foreign>, <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiya nampi</foreign>, and <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiya piḷḷaiyār</foreign> / <foreign>āḷ-uṭaiya tēvar</foreign>.</p>
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120<div type="bibliography">
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· <p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Ramachandran1954_01"/></bibl>, with a facsimile.</p>
· <p>Edited and translated here by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Ramachandran1954_01"/></bibl> and the facsimile therein.</p>
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· <citedRange>p. 62</citedRange>
130 <citedRange unit="plate">XXVII, no. 75</citedRange>
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135 <ptr target="bib:Ramachandran2005_01"/>
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Commentary
Ramachandran 1954 comments thus: “In this votive offering the Buddha is appropriately praised as the Lord of men in the spiritual sense.”
The terms āḷ-uṭaiyāṉ / āḷ-uṭaiyaṉ and āḷ-uṭaiya, respectively a nominal and a adjectival form, literally mean "who owns/possesses men/servants/devotees". See MTL, s.v. āḷ-uṭaiyāṉ: “n. 1. One who has accepted a person as servant; 2. Lord, Supreme Being.” In the present case, it is not clear, but not relevant for the meaning, if we have to read āḷ-uṭaiyaṉāyakar (āḷ-uṭaiyaṉ + nāyakar) or āḷ-uṭaiya ¡ṉ!⟨n⟩āyakar.
Compare Tamil Nadu 320.
The Śaiva saints and poets of the Tēvāram, Appar, Cuntarar, and Campantar, are respectively known in epigraphical sources as āḷ-uṭaiya v-aracu, āḷ-uṭaiya nampi, and āḷ-uṭaiya piḷḷaiyār / āḷ-uṭaiya tēvar.