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· <title>Tiruviṭaivācal, Puṇyanāthasvāmin temple, time of Tribhuvanacakravartin Kulōttuṅga Cōḻa, year 31</title>
· <respStmt>
· <resp>author of digital edition</resp>
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15 <forename>Emmanuel</forename>
· <surname>Francis</surname>
· </persName>
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20 <publicationStmt>
· <authority>DHARMA</authority>
· <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>
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25 <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
· <p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported
· Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit
· https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to
· Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,
30 California, 94041, USA.</p>
· <p>Copyright (c) 2019-2025 by Emmanuel Francis & Vincent Tournier.</p>
· </licence>
· </availability>
· <date from="2019" to="2025">2019-2025</date>
35 </publicationStmt>
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· <summary><bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1917-1918"/></bibl>:
· <quote>Damaged. Registers a sale of land to the same temple [that is, the the temple of Tiruviṭaivāyiluṭaiyār in Maṅkalanāṭu, a subdivision of Arumoḻitēvavaḷanāṭu].</quote></summary>
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· <p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)
· under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant
· agreement no 809994).</p>
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· <ab>
·
85 <lb n="1"/><milestone n="1" unit="block" type="gridlike"/>
· <hi rend="grantha"><supplied reason="lost">sva</supplied>sti śrī</hi>
· </ab>
· <lg n="1" met="āciriyappā">
· <l n="1">pukaḻ-mātu <supplied reason="lost">v</supplied>iḷaṅka <hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>ya
90 <milestone n="2" unit="block" break="no" type="gridlike"/>
· <supplied reason="lost">mātu virumpa</supplied></l>
· <l n="2"><supplied reason="lost">nilamakaḷ nilava</supplied>
· <milestone n="3" unit="block" type="gridlike"/>
· <unclear>ma</unclear>lar makaḷ puṇara</l>
95 <l n="3">Uṟimaiyiṟ ciṟanta ma
· <milestone n="4" unit="block" break="no" type="gridlike"/>
· <supplied reason="lost">ṇimuṭi cūṭi</supplied></l>
· <l n="4"><supplied reason="lost">mīṉa</supplied>
· <lb n="2" break="no"/><milestone n="1" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>
100 <supplied reason="lost">var</supplied> nilaikeṭa villavar kulaitara</l>
· <l n="5">Ēṉai ma<choice><orig>nn</orig><reg>ṉṉ</reg></choice>ava
· <milestone n="2" unit="block" break="no" type="gridlike"/>
· <supplied reason="lost">r iriyaluṟ ṟiḻitarat</supplied></l>
· <l n="6"><supplied reason="lost">tikkaṉai</supplied>
105 <milestone n="3" unit="block" break="no" type="gridlike"/>
· -t tum ta<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> cakkara<supplied reason="subaudible">m</supplied> naṭātti</l>
· <l n="7">v<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>ra-<hi rend="grantha">siṃhāsa</hi>nattu</l>
· <l n="8">
· <milestone n="4" unit="block" type="gridlike"/>
110 puvani-muḻut-uṭaiyāl
· <lb n="3" break="no"/><milestone n="1" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>oṭum
· </l>
· <l n="9">
· <unclear>viṟṟiruntaruḷiya</unclear>
115 </l>
· </lg>
·
· <p>
· kō-v-i<hi rend="grantha">rājake</hi><supplied reason="lost"><hi rend="grantha">saripanma</hi></supplied><hi rend="grantha">r</hi>-āna
120 <hi rend="grantha">tribhu</hi>va
· <milestone n="2" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>
· <supplied reason="lost">ṉa-c-cakkaravattikaḷ <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-kulōttu</supplied>
·
· <milestone n="3" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>
125 <unclear>ṅka</unclear>-cōḻa-<hi rend="grantha">de</hi>vaṟku yāṇṭu <num value="31">3 <g type="numeral">10</g> 1</num>-Āvatu
· </p>
·
· <p>
· <milestone n="4" unit="block" type="gridlike"/>
130 Arumoḻitēva
· <lb n="4" break="no"/>
· <milestone n="1" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>
· -<supplied reason="lost">vaḷanā</supplied>ṭṭu maṅ<supplied reason="lost">kala</supplied>-nāṭṭu
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character"/>
135 putukkuṭi
· <milestone n="2" unit="block" type="gridlike"/>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="8" unit="character"/>
· <milestone n="3" unit="block" type="gridlike"/>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>
140 kkuṭaiyā<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> pirāntaka<unclear>ṉ</unclear> kalaṅkari
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>
· <milestone n="4" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>
· ṭ<supplied reason="lost">ai</supplied>yāṉ <hi rend="grantha">rājarāja</hi>
·
145 <lb n="5" break="no"/>
· <milestone n="1" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>
· -<supplied reason="lost">maṅ</supplied>kalanāṭṭu
· <unclear>viḻu</unclear>p<unclear>parai</unclear>yaṉum putukkuṭi <unclear>Uṭaiyā</unclear>
· <milestone n="2" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>
150 ṉ
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/>
· tirucc<supplied reason="lost">iṟ</supplied>
· <milestone n="3" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>
· <unclear>ṟam</unclear>palam-uṭaiyāṉ-āṉa Utta
155 <milestone n="4" unit="block" type="gridlike" break="no"/>ma-cōḻa-maṅka
·
· <lb n="6"/><unclear>la</unclear>nāṭṭu
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="8" unit="character"/>
· nāṭṭu-k-kō
160
· <lb n="7" break="no"/>
· ṉum kēraḷāntaka va
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/>
· ṭṭu
165 <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/>
· āṟṟum
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/>
· nāṭṭu-t tiruviṭaivāyi<supplied reason="omitted">l-u</supplied>
·
170 <lb n="8" break="no"/>
· ṭaiya <hi rend="grantha">ma<unclear>hā</unclear></hi><unclear>tēvar</unclear> Ādi
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/>
· nāṅkaḷ viṟṟu
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="8" unit="character"/>
175 ttil
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="7" unit="character"/>
· ruvi
·
· <lb n="9" break="no"/>
180 ṭaivāy
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/>
· kaḷ kāṇiya
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/>
· vaṭa
185 <gap reason="lost" quantity="6" unit="character"/>
· lukkum
·
· <list>
· <item>kiḻ-<unclear>pāṟk' el</unclear>lai
190 <gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character"/>
·
· <lb n="10" break="no"/>
· ṟōm nilattukku mēṟkum</item>
·
195 <item>te<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>-pāṟk' ellai
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/>
· I<hi rend="grantha">d-de</hi>var tēvatānattukku
· vaṭakku
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="6" unit="character"/></item>
200 <item>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>
· pāṟk' ellai
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="6" unit="character"/>
·
205 <lb n="11" break="no"/>
· ṇṇa kā
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/>
· kum</item>
·
210 <item>vaṭa-pāṟk' ellai tēvartāṉam
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/>
· ṇṇāyakut
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="8" unit="character"/>
· m</item>
215 </list>
·
· Ivv-icai<unclear>n=ta</unclear>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="7" unit="character"/>
· l
220
· <lb n="12" break="no"/>
· laikk' uṭpaṭṭa nilamum mu-k-kāl
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="7" unit="character"/>
· kālukkum I<supplied reason="omitted"><hi rend="grantha">d</hi></supplied>-<hi rend="grantha">dev</hi>arkaṉmikaḷ pakkal viṟṟu-k <unclear>ku</unclear>ṭuttu nāṅkaḷ koṇṭa kācu
225
· <lb n="13"/>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/>
· poṉ mu-k-kaḻañcum In-nilam
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/>
230 ka-k koṇṭa kācu muppatt' e
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character"/>
· poṉ Aṟu kaḻañcum koṇṭu nilam <unclear>viṟ</unclear>
·
· <lb n="14" break="no"/>
235 ṟu-k kuṭuttōm Ivv-ūrōm
· </p>
·
· <p>
· I<choice><orig>ṉ</orig><reg>n</reg></choice>-nila
240 <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/>
· Iṟaiyum
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/>
· vācalil pōnta kuṭimai Eppēṟppa<unclear>ṭṭa</unclear>tum ca
·
245 <lb n="15"/>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/>
· ceyya-k-kaṭavōm āka <hi rend="grantha">sa</hi><supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied>matit<supplied reason="lost">tu</supplied>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/>
· kuṭuttōm It-tēvaṟkku Ivv-ūrom
250 </p>
·
· <p>
· I<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied>-nilattu
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/>
255
· <lb n="16"/>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="5" unit="character"/>
· lam nālu mā
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character"/>
260 nāṭṭu
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character"/>
· ri Aḻacapākkamuṭiyāṉ ti<supplied reason="omitted">l</supplied>laiyāḷi
· k<choice><sic>u</sic><corr>ū</corr></choice>ttaṉ tiru-non=tā-vi<supplied reason="lost">ḷakkuk</supplied><unclear>ku</unclear>
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/>
265
· <lb n="17" break="no"/>
· ṟam-āka-k koḷḷa I<supplied reason="omitted"><hi rend="grantha">d</hi></supplied>-<hi rend="grantha">de</hi>vakanmikaḷ pakkal
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="6" unit="character"/>
· pān Oṉpati<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice> kaḻañcu
270 </p>
·
· <p>
· Ip-poṉ Oṉpatiṉ kaḻañcukkum I<supplied reason="omitted">n</supplied>-nilaṅ
· <gap reason="lost" quantity="6" unit="character"/>
275 </p>
· </div>
·
· <div type="apparatus">
· <listApp>
280
· <app loc="4">
· <lem><supplied reason="lost">vaḷanā</supplied>ṭṭu</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Swaminathan2024_01"><unclear>nā</unclear>ṭṭu</rdg>
· </app>
285
· <app loc="5">
· <lem><supplied reason="lost">maṅ</supplied>kalanāṭṭu <unclear>viḻu</unclear>p<unclear>parai</unclear>yaṉum</lem>
· <rdg source="bib:Swaminathan2024_01"><gap reason="lost" quantity="2" unit="character"/> kalanāṭṭu <gap reason="lost" quantity="1" unit="character"/> <unclear>viḻu</unclear>p<unclear>parai</unclear>yaṉum</rdg>
· </app>
290
· </listApp>
· </div>
·
·
295
·
·
·
·
300
·
· <div type="commentary">
·
· <p>According to <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1917-1918"/></bibl>, the inscription is on the south wall of the <foreign>maṇḍapa</foreign> in front of the central shrine, which seems to mean the southern wall of the <foreign>mahāmaṇḍapa</foreign>.</p>
305
· <p>In July 2024, we observed that two inscribed blocks bearing portions of the first five lines of this inscription are found disonnected and disordered. The blocks no. 1 and no. 3 were found on the western wall of the <foreign>mahāmaṇḍapa</foreign>, respectively on its southern edge and on its northern edge. Other blocks could not be traced. We presume that there were at least four blocks. The temple indeed has been renovated in 1960. This would account for the fact that these blocks are now found disonnected and disordered.</p>
·
· <p>There are presently (2024) two gaps in the inscription, consisting in two missing inscribed blocks: block no. 2 and block no. 4. The latter could also be missing before block no. 1, in which case, the present block numbering should be revised (no. 4 becoming no. 1 and nos. 1-3 becoming nos. 2-4).</p>
·
310 </div>
·
· <div type="bibliography">
·
· <p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1917-1918"/></bibl> (ARIE/1917-1918/C/1918/13).</p>
315 <p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:Swaminathan2024_01"/></bibl> (SII 44.13).</p>
· <p>This edition by Emmanuel Francis, based on autopsy and photos (2024 by Emmanuel Francis) and on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Swaminathan2024_01"/></bibl> for lines 1-5, on <bibl><ptr target="bib:Swaminathan2024_01"/></bibl> for lines 6-17 presently (2024) missing.</p>
· <p>ASI transcript and estampage(s), if any, yet to be consulted.</p>
·
· <listBibl type="primary">
320 <bibl n="SII">
· <ptr target="bib:Swaminathan2024_01"/>
· <citedRange unit="item">13</citedRange>
· <citedRange unit="page">22-23</citedRange>
· </bibl>
325 </listBibl>
·
· <listBibl type="secondary">
· <bibl>
· <ptr target="bib:ARIE1917-1918"/>
330 <citedRange unit="page">90</citedRange>
· <citedRange unit="item">13</citedRange>
· <citedRange unit="appendix">C/1918/</citedRange>
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335
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Commentary
According to ARIE 1917-18, the inscription is on the south wall of the maṇḍapa in front of the central shrine, which seems to mean the southern wall of the mahāmaṇḍapa.
In July 2024, we observed that two inscribed blocks bearing portions of the first five lines of this inscription are found disonnected and disordered. The blocks no. 1 and no. 3 were found on the western wall of the mahāmaṇḍapa, respectively on its southern edge and on its northern edge. Other blocks could not be traced. We presume that there were at least four blocks. The temple indeed has been renovated in 1960. This would account for the fact that these blocks are now found disonnected and disordered.
There are presently (2024) two gaps in the inscription, consisting in two missing inscribed blocks: block no. 2 and block no. 4. The latter could also be missing before block no. 1, in which case, the present block numbering should be revised (no. 4 becoming no. 1 and nos. 1-3 becoming nos. 2-4).