Kāppalūr, Tirukkāmēśvara, stele, time of Parakesarivarman Rājendra Cōḻa, year 16

Editor: Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSTamilNadu00022.

Summary: Donation of goats for upkeeping a perpetual lamp and of land for a flower garden.

Hand description:

Left-oriented hook at the bottom of the stroke of , r, , .

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: Tamil Nadu (varia) (tfa-tamilnadu-epigraphy).

Version: (b3b3a47), last modified (eecdbd5).

Edition

⟨Column A⟩ ⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

I. āciriyappā

tiru maṇṇi vaḷara Iru-nila-maṭan=taiyum

1

pōr-ceya-p pāvai⟨2⟩yum cīr-t-taṉi-c celviyum

2

taṉ perun= tēviyar āki Iṉpuṟa

3

neṭutiṉil Ūḻiyuḷ ⟨3⟩ Iṭa-tuṟai nāṭum

4

tuṭarvaṉa vēli-p paṭar vaṉa-vāciyum

5

cuḷḷi-c cūḻ-matiṭ koḷḷi⟨4⟩-p-pākkaiyum

6

naṇṇaṟk’ arumuraṇ maṇṇai-k=-kaṭak=kamum

7

poru-kaṭal īḻa⟨t⟩t’ araiyar ta⟨m⟩ muṭiyu⟨5⟩m

8

āṅkavar tēviyar ōṅkeḻil muṭiyu⟨m⟩

9

muṉṉavar pak=kal teṉṉavar vaitta

10

cun⟨6⟩tara-muṭiyum intiraṉ āramun=

11

teṇṭirai Īḻa-maṇṭala⟨m⟩ muḻuvatum

12

eṟi-paṭai-k kēraḷar muṟaimaiyiṟ ⟨7⟩ cūṭuṅ

13

kulataṉam ākiya palarpukaḻ muṭiyum

14

ceṅkatir mālai⟨yu⟩ṅ caṅkatir vēlai-t

15

tol peru⟨8⟩ṅkāvaṟ pal-paḻan= tīvum

16

ceruviṟ ciṉavil irupatt’ oru kāl

17

araicu kaḷaikaṭṭa paracu-rāmaṉ

18

mēvaru⟨9⟩ñ cān=timat tīvaraṇ karuti

19

y-iruttiya cem-poṟ ṟiru-t-taku muṭiyum

20

payaṅkoṭu paḻimika (mu)⟨10⟩yaṅkiyil mutukiṭṭ’

21

oḷittacaya ciṅkaṉ aḷapperum pukaḻoṭum

22

pīṭiyil i¡l!⟨r⟩aṭṭa-pāṭi Ēḻ’ a⟨11⟩rai

23

y-ilak=kamum nava-n¿a?⟨i⟩ti=-kula-p peru-malaikaḷum

24

vik=kirama-v¡i!⟨ī⟩rar cak=kara(k=)-kōṭṭamu⟨m⟩

25

mutirpaṭa va(l)⟨12⟩lai matura-maṇṭalamuṅ

26

kāmiṭai vaḷaiya nāmaṇai-k kōṇa¿y?⟨m⟩um

27

veñciṉ vīrar pañ⟨13⟩ca-p-paḷḷiyum

28

pācaṭai-p paḻaṉa mācuṇi-t-tēcamum

29

ay¿ā?⟨ar⟩vilvaṇ kīrtti yātiñaka ra⟨14⟩v¡a!⟨ai⟩yiṟ

30

can=tiraṉ ṟol-kulatt’ intira rataṉai

31

viḷaiya[ma]r-k= kaḷattu=k= kiḷaiyoṭum piṭi⟨15⟩ttu

32

palataṉa-t toṭuniṟai kula-taṉa-k= kuvaiyuṅ

33

kiṭṭaruñ ceṟimiḷai yoṭṭa viṣai⟨16⟩yamum

34

pūcurar cērnal-k= kōcala-ñāṭun=

35

taṉ(ma)-pālaṉai vemmuṉai y-aḻittu

36

va⟨17⟩ṇṭamar cōlai-t taṇṭa puttiyum

37

iraṇa cūraṉai muṟaṇu¿k?⟨ṟ⟩at tāk=ki-t

38

tik-kaṇai kīrtti ta ⟨18⟩ k=kaṇa lāṭamuṅ

39

kōvin=ta cantaṉ māviḻin (tōṭa)t

40

taṅkāta cāral vaṅkāḷa tēcamun

41

⟨19⟩ toṭukaṭaṟ caṅ⟨ku⟩ koṭṭal mahi-p(āla)ṉai

42

veñcamar vaḷākatt’ añcuviyatt-aruḷi ⌈

43

⟨20⟩ y-oṉtiṟal āṉaiyum peṇṭir pa(ṇ)ṭāramum

44

nittila neṭuṅka(ṭal u)ttira-lāṭa⟨21⟩mum

45

veṟimalar-t tīrttatt’ e(ṟi)puṉaṟ kaṅkaiyum

46

Alaikaṭal naṭuvaṟ palakalañ ⟨22⟩ celutti-c

47

caṅkirāma vijaiyōttuṅka-pa(n)ma

48

ākiya kiṭāratt’ araiyaṉai vā⟨23⟩kayam

49

poru-kaṭal kumpa-k= kariyoṭum aka(ppaṭu)tt’

50

urimaiyiṟ ak=kiya peru-niti piṟak=ka⟨24⟩mum

51

ārttavaṉ akan¿e?⟨a⟩ka⟨r⟩p pōrt toḻil vāya[1×]lil

52

viccātira-tōraṇamu⟨m⟩⟨25⟩m¿oy?⟨u⟩ttoḷiṟ

53

puṉai-maṇi-p putavamuṅ kaṉamaṇi-k= katavum

54

niṟai śrī-vijaiyamu⟨26⟩n= tuṟai¡ñ!⟨n⟩īr-p paṇṇaiyum

55

vaṉmalai yūreyiṟ ṟoṉmalai yūrum

56

āḻkaṭal akaḻ⟨27⟩cūḻ māyiru ṭiṅkamuṅ

57

kalaṅkā valviṉai y-ilaṅkācōkamuṅ

58

k¿o?⟨ā⟩ppuṟu niṟai ⟨28⟩ puṉal māppa ¿m?⟨p⟩āḷamuṅ

59

kāvalam puricai mēv(ili)ṉ paṅkamum

60

viḷai⟨29⟩ppan= tūruṭai vaḷaippaṉan= tūruṅ

61

kalaitta-k= kōrpukaḻ-t ta(l)ait tak=kō⟨30⟩lamun=

62

tītamar valviṉai mātam¿a?⟨ā⟩-(li)ṅkamuṅ

63

kaḻāḷurik=kun tiṟal ilāmuritōr

64

⟨Column B⟩ ⟨1=31⟩ tēṉa-k= ka¿vā?⟨la⟩rpoḻil mānak=ka vāramun=

65

toṭukaṭaṟ kāvaṟ kaṭumuraṭ kaṭāramu

66

⟨2=32⟩-p-poru taṇṭāṟ koṇṭa

67

kō-p-parakēcari-panmar-ā¡n!⟨ṉ⟩a Uṭaiyār śrī-rājen¡t!⟨d⟩ra⟨3=33⟩-cōḻa-devark=ku yāṇṭu 10 6 -Āvatu

jayaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭalattu pa⟨4=34⟩ṅkala-nāṭṭu kāma-p-pullūr-āṉa rāja-cūḷāmaṇi-caturvveti-maṅkala⟨5=35⟩ttu Uṭaiyār śrī-kayilāyam uṭaiya tiru-k=-kāmai-nak=kar kōyilil dakṣi⟨6=36⟩ṇā-m¡u!⟨ū⟩rttikaḷuk=ku senāpati-rajaja-brahma-mā-rāyar kūli-c-cēva⟨7=37⟩kaṉ cēn=taṉ kumaraṉ vaiyyapitta tiru-nan=tā-viḷak=ku Oṉṟuk=ku vaitta ⟨8=38⟩ Āṭu toṇṇūṟu

Ivv-āṭu toṇṇūṟuṅ kai-k=-koṇṭu can¡t!⟨d⟩t=tita⟨9=39⟩-(vaṟ) tiru-nan=tā-viḷuk=ku Oṉrum Erippat’ āṉōm Ivv-ūr śiva-brāhmaṇar ⟨10=40⟩ bhāradvāja-nārāyaṇa-p-paṭṭaṇum Ivaṉ ta⟨m⟩pimārum uḷḷiṭṭa śiva-brāhmaṇar-ō⟨11=41⟩m Irāja-cūḷāmaṇi-c-caruppēti-maṅkalattu sabhaiyōm

Eṅkaḷ-ūr ⟨12=42⟩ śrī-kayilāyam uṭai(ya) tiruk=kāmai-nak=kark=ku tiru-nan=ta-vāṉam-āka nilam āvatu

⟨13=43⟩ ṅkaḷ kārampicēṭṭu tiru-viyalūr daśapiriya-paṭṭaṉ brāhmaṇi-kuḷam pirāṭṭi⟨14=44⟩[2×] pak=kalum puḷḷaḷūr tattaya-kiramavittaṉun= tampimāru pak=kalum ⟨15=45⟩ (vi)lai koṇṭu (noykuḷā)-vaṭṭattil nilam śrī-rājen¡t!⟨d⟩ra-cōḻāṉ ⟨16=46⟩ tiru-nan=tavāṉam eṉṟu tiru-nāmañ cārtti-k= kuṭutta kuḻi mu-ṉ-ṉūṟṟu mu-p-pa ⟨17=47⟩ tt-aiñcu-k= kuḻi mu-ṉ-ṉūṟṟu muppatt-aiñcu kuḻiyun= tiru-nan=ta-vāṉam-ā¿k=?⟨ka⟩ kuṭu ⟨18=48⟩ ttōm sa[bhai]yōm

dakṣiṇā-m¡u!⟨ū⟩rttikaḷuk=ku muṉṟu san=tiyum A(r)c(ca)⟨19=49⟩ṉaik=ku U(ṭai) [2+] (y)utu nā-ṉāḻi Ariciyāl tiru-v-amurtuṅ kaṟi-y-amut’ oṉṟu ne⟨20=50⟩[y]-amut’ iru [3+] yun= tayir-amut’ uriyum aṭaik=kāy-amut’ iraṇṭum ilai-y-amutu nālu⟨21=51⟩k=ku vaitta-[k kuṭu]ttō⟨m⟩

mu-k=-kuṉṟattu śrī-rāj(ā)r-vatik=ku mēṟku koṟṟaṉ vā⟨y⟩⟨22=52⟩(k=)kāluk=ku va[ṭa]k=k(u) [2+] kaṇṇāṟṟ’ āṟāñ caturattu cel kā nilaṅkālil kuṭi-p poki ⟨23=52⟩ Iṟai kiṭan=ta nilam [2+] (k=k’ aṭaiya) Iraṇṭu mā nīkki mērk’ aṭaiya muṉṟu māvil (cu)⟨24=53⟩k[k]ēṇi-(t) tēvaṟk=ku vaṭak=k’ aṭaiya Oru mā nī(k=k)i Itaṉ ōṭum aṭaiya nilam Iraṇṭu mā(vi)⟨25=54⟩l kuḻi Āyi(ra)[t]t’ iru-pattu nālum po¡ṉṉ!⟨ṉ⟩ iru-kañlañcum vaittōm sa(bhai)⟨26=55⟩yōm

I¡ṉ-ṉ!⟨n-n⟩(i)lamum ip-poṉṉuṅ koṇṭu I¡ṉ-ṉ!⟨n-n⟩ivan=tam acan¡t!⟨d⟩titta⟨27=56⟩-val sammarta-p-paṭi (ce)lutta-k= kaṭavār Iv(v)-ūr śiva-brahmaṇar bhāradva⟨28=57⟩ja-nārāyaṇa-paṭṭaṉum i(va)ṉ tampi periyāṉum ik=-kuṭi (na)mpiyum uḷḷi⟨29=58⟩ṭṭār

Itu(kku) pan-māheśvara-rakṣai

Translation by Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

(32–33) ... year of the glorious Rājendra Cōḻa, the Lord, alias the king Parakesarivarman,

(2–33) who, ... [meykkīrtti of Rājendra I Cōḻa].

(33–38) [There are] ninety goats that ... gave for one glorious perpetual lamp that ... had given for the honourable Dakṣināmūrti [deity] in the temple of the glorious Lord Kāmainakkar, Lord of the glorious Kailāsa, Lord of the Rājacūḷāmaṇicaturvedimaṅgala, alias Kāmappullūr in the Paṅkalanāṭu, [itself a subdivision] of the Jayaṅkoṇṭacōḻamaṇṭalam.

(38–42) With these ninety goats, we have become those who will burn (erippatu1), as long as the moon and the sun, one glorious perpetual lamp, We the Śivabrāhmaṇas, including the Bhāradvāja Nārāyaṇappaṭṭaṉ, a Śivabrāhmaṇa of this village, and his honourable younger brother, and We, the members of the assembly of Rājacūḷāmaṇicaturvedimaṅgala.

(41–42) There is in our village a land as glorious flower garden for the glorious Kāmainakkar, Lord of the glorious Kailāsa.

(42–48) We, the members of the assembly, We have given as glorious flower garden ...

(48–51) We have given ...

(51–55) We, the members of the assembly, We have given ...

(55–56) With this land and this gold, the Śivabrāhmaṇas of this village, including the Bhāradvāja Nārāyaṇappaṭṭaṉ, a Śivabrāhmaṇa of this village, and his younger brother Periyāṉ, are assigned to have this binding agreement (nivantam2) proceed as long as the moon and the sun.

(56–58) This [is under] the protetion of the Paṉmaheśvaras.

Bibliography

Edited in Īsvaraṉ 2009, pp. 68–70.

Edited and translated here for DHARMA (ERC n° 809994) by Emmanuel Francis (2024), based on autopsy and photos (Emmanuel Francis, 2019).

Primary

[I] Īsvaraṉ, Ka. 2009. Kāppalūr. TNSDA publications 206. No place: Tamiḻnāṭu Aracu Tolliyal Tuṟai.

Notes

  1. 1. Instead of expected erippōm.
  2. 2. Sanskrit nibandha.