Chaudwār plates #1 of Mahābhavagupta Dharmakandarpa year 31

Editor: Amandine Wattelier-Bricout.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSomavamsin00011.

Hand description:

Language: Sanskrit.

Repository: Somavaṁśin (tfb-somavamsin-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-12-17 18:37 (2e440dc), last modified 2024-12-17 18:33 (aa58452).

Edition

Logical
Physical
Full

⟨Page 1r⟩

⟨Page 1v⟩ ⟨1⟩ Om svasti| śrimad-ārāma-samāvāsi¿n?⟨t⟩aḥ śrīmato vijaya-kaṭakāt| parama-bhaṭṭā⟨2⟩raka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-śrī-śivagupta-deva-pādānudhyāta-parama-māheśva⟨3⟩ra-parama-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-soma-kula-tilaka-trikaliṅgādhipati-⟨4⟩mahārājādhirāja-śrī-mahābhavagupta-devaḥ kuśalī| ko¡ś!⟨s⟩ala-deśe povā-vi¡ś!⟨ṣ⟩ayīya⟨5⟩-raṇḍā-grāme| tathā Alāṇḍalā-grāme| ¡v!⟨b⟩rāhmaṇān saṁpūjya tad-vi¡ś!⟨ṣ⟩ayīyān yathākālā⟨6⟩dhyāsinaḥ samāhartṛ-sannidhātṛ-niyuktakādhikār¿ī?⟨i⟩ka-dāṇḍapāśika-cāṭa⟨7⟩-bhaṭ{ṭ}a-piśuna-ve⟨t⟩rikāvarodhajana-rāṇaka-⟨rājaputra⟩-rājavallabhādī¿na?⟨N⟩ sarvvāN sa⟨8⟩mājñāpayati| viditam astu bhavatāṁ yathāsmābhir ayaṁ grāmaḥ ¡ṣ!⟨s⟩anidhiḥ so⟨9⟩panidhis sa-daśāparādhas sarvva¡v!⟨b⟩ādhāvivarjjitas sarvvopari{ka}karādāna-sahitaś catuḥ⟨10⟩-sīmāparyantas sā⟨mra⟩-madhukas sagartoṣa⟨ra⟩s sa-jala-sthala-sahitaḥ pratiniṣiddha-cāṭa-bhaṭ{ṭ}a-pra⟨11⟩veśaḥ| ṭ{ṭ}akārī-vinirggatāya| ko¡ś!⟨s⟩ale turvvunā-vāstavyāya| bharadvāja-gotrāya| ¡v!⟨b⟩ā⟨12⟩rhaspaty-āṅgirasa-pravarāya| vāja¿sena?⟨saneya⟩-śākhadhyāyine bhaṭṭa-śrī-mahattama-sādhāraṇā⟨13⟩ya| bhaṭṭa-śrī-śobhana-sutāya| saliladhārā-purassaram ā-candra-tārakārkka-kṣiti-sama⟨Page 2r⟩⟨14⟩kālopabhogyāya| mātā-pitror ātmanaś ca puṇya-yaśobhivṛddhaye tām{v}ra-śāsanenākarī⟨15⟩kṛtya pratipāditam ity avagatya samucita-bhoga-bhāga-kara-hiraṇyādibhir pratyāyam upanaya⟨16⟩dbhir bhavadhiḥ sukhena prativastavyam iti| bhāvibhiś ca bhūpatibhir ddattir iyam asmadīyā dharmma⟨17⟩-gauravād asmad-anurodhāc ca sva-dattir ivānupalanīyā|| tathā coktan dharmaśāstre|

I. Anuṣṭubh

¡v!⟨b⟩ahubhi⟨18⟩r vvasudhā dattā

rājabhis sagarādibhiḥ|

yasya yasya yadā bhūmis

tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ||

II. Anuṣṭubh

mā bhū⟨19⟩d a-phala-śaṅkā vaḥ

pa{pa}ra-datteti pārthivāḥ|

sva-dānāt ¿m?⟨ph⟩alam ānandyam

para-dānā⟨20⟩nupālane

III. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭhim varṣa-sahasrāṇi

svargge modati bhūmidaḥ|

Ākṣeptā cānuma⟨21⟩ntā ca

dvitayan narakaṁ vrajeT||

IV. Indravajrā

Agner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ

bhūr vvaiṣṇavī ⟨22⟩ sūrya-sutāś ca gāvaḥ|

yaḥ kā¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩canaṁ gā¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩ ca mahī¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩ ca dadyāt

dattās trayas tena bhavanti lok¿e?⟨āḥ⟩

V. Anuṣṭubh

⟨23⟩ Āsphoṭayanti pitaraḥ

pravalganti pitāmahāḥ|

bhūmidātā kule jātaḥ

sa nas trātā bha⟨24⟩viṣyati||

VI. Anuṣṭubh

bhūmiṁ yaḥ pratigr̥hṇāti

yaś ca bhūmiṁ prayacchati|

Ubhau tau puṇya-karmmāṇau

ni⟨25⟩yataṁ svargga-gāminau||

VII. Anuṣṭubh

taḍāgānā⟨ṁ⟩ sahasrāṇi

vājapeya-śatā⟨ni⟩ ca|

gavāṁ koṭi-pra⟨26⟩dānena

bhūmi-harttā na śudhyati||

VIII. Anuṣṭubh

harate hārayed yas tu

manda-¡v!⟨b⟩uddhis tamo-vr̥taḥ|

sa ¡v!⟨b⟩addho ⟨Page 2v⟩ ⟨27⟩ vāruṇaiḥ pāśais

tiryag-yoniṁ ca gacchati||

IX. Anuṣṭubh

suvarṇṇam ekaṁ gām ekāṁ

bhūmer apy arddham aṅgulaṁ|

⟨28⟩ haran narakam āyāti

yāvad—ā-bhūta-saṁplavaṁ||

X. Anuṣṭubh

sva-dattām para-dattām vā

yo hareta vasundha⟨29⟩rāṁ|

sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā

pitr̥bhiḥ saha pacyate||

XI. Anuṣṭubh

Ādityo varuṇo viṣṇur

¡vv!⟨b⟩rahmā ⟨30⟩ somo hutāśanaḥ|

śūlapāṇiś ca bhagavān

abhinandanti bhūmidaM||

XII. Śālinī

sāmānyo ⟨31⟩ ’yaṁ dharmma-setur ¿tr̥?⟨nr̥⟩pāṇāṁ

kāle kāle pālanīyo bhavadbhiḥ|

sarvvān evaṁ bhāvinaḥ pārthi⟨32⟩vendrān

bhūyo bhūyo yācate rāmabhadraḥ||

XIII. Puṣpitāgrā

Iti kamala-dalām¡v!⟨b⟩u-¡v!⟨b⟩indu-lo⟨33⟩lāṁ

śriyam anucintya manuṣya-jīvitaṁ ca|

sakalam idam udāhr̥ta⟨ṁ⟩ ca ¡v!⟨b⟩u¿dvā?⟨ddhvā⟩

⟨34⟩ na hi puruṣaiḥ para-kīrtayo vilopyāḥ||

sakala-bhūpāla-mauli-mālā-vi⟨35⟩lagna-māṇikya-mayūkha-vrātābhira¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩jitāṅ¿gi?⟨ghri⟩-kamala-yugalaḥ pracaṇḍa-dorddaṇḍa-maṇḍa⟨36⟩lāgra-khaṇḍitārāti-matta-mātaṅga-vimukta-muktāphala-prasādhitāśeṣa-raṇa-mahī⟨37⟩-maṇḍala||

XIV. Śārdūlavikrīḍita

yas sādhāraṇa-nāmni mantri-tilake vinyasya sarvvāgamaṁ

dhairyodanvati tī⟨38⟩vra-tejasi dhuraṁ rājasya viprottame|

mānākhyānaka-vistarāmṛta-rasāsvādād a⟨39⟩manda-sphurat-

santoṣāt sukham anvabhūd avirataṁ pṛthvīśa-cūḍamaṇiḥ||

XV. Sragdharā

jñ¿ā?⟨e⟩yāś⟨eṣā⟩rtha⟨Page 3r⟩⟨40⟩-śāstra-smṛti-vimala-dhiyā veda-vedaṅga-vidyā

-śikṣā-kalpetihāsa-prakaṭa-suragu⟨41⟩ruḥ prāpta-bhūyiṣṭha-dhāmnā|

nāmnā sādhāraṇena dvija-vara-vidhinā mantriṇā yasya rājyaṁ

ni⟨42⟩rvyūdhaṁ so ’yam uccais tri-jagati vidito dharmma-kandarppa-devaḥ||

parama-māheśvara-parama⟨43⟩-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-soma-kula-tilaka-trikaliṅgādhipati-śrī⟨44⟩-mahābhavagupta-deva-pāda-padma-pravarddhamāna-vijaya-rājye eka-triṅśatt¿i?⟨a⟩me s¿ā?⟨a⟩mvatsa⟨45⟩re| mārgga śudi tithau trayodaśyāṁ yatrāṅkenāpi samvat 31 mārgga ⟨46⟩ śudi 13 likhitam idaṁ triphalī-tām{v}ra-śāsana⟨ṁ⟩ mahāsāndhivigra⟨47⟩hī-rāṇaka-malladatta-prati¡v!⟨b⟩addha-kāyastha-śrī-māhūkena priyaṅkarā⟨48⟩ditya-suteneti||

Anuṣṭubh

praṇītaṁ ko¡ś!⟨s⟩alendreṇa

prati¡v!⟨b⟩odhya-maṃhattam{a}|

Ādatta puṇḍarīkā⟨49⟩kṣaḥ

śāsanaṁ tāmra-nirmmitam||

Utkirnita mādhavena vāsu¿ṣū?⟨su⟩teneti||

⟨Page 1r⟩ 
⟨Page 1v⟩ 
⟨1⟩ Om svasti| śrimad-ārāma-samāvāsi¿n?⟨t⟩aḥ śrīmato vijaya-kaṭakāt| parama-bhaṭṭā-
⟨2⟩ raka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-śrī-śivagupta-deva-pādānudhyāta-parama-māheśva-
⟨3⟩ ra-parama-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-soma-kula-tilaka-trikaliṅgādhipati--
⟨4⟩ mahārājādhirāja-śrī-mahābhavagupta-devaḥ kuśalī| ko¡ś!⟨s⟩ala-deśe povā-vi¡ś!⟨ṣ⟩ayīya-
⟨5⟩ -raṇḍā-grāme| tathā Alāṇḍalā-grāme| ¡v!⟨b⟩rāhmaṇān saṁpūjya tad-vi¡ś!⟨ṣ⟩ayīyān yathākālā-
⟨6⟩ dhyāsinaḥ samāhartṛ-sannidhātṛ-niyuktakādhikār¿ī?⟨i⟩ka-dāṇḍapāśika-cāṭa-
⟨7⟩ -bhaṭ{ṭ}a-piśuna-ve⟨t⟩rikāvarodhajana-rāṇaka-⟨rājaputra⟩-rājavallabhādī¿na?⟨N⟩ sarvvāN sa-
⟨8⟩ mājñāpayati| viditam astu bhavatāṁ yathāsmābhir ayaṁ grāmaḥ ¡ṣ!⟨s⟩anidhiḥ so-
⟨9⟩ panidhis sa-daśāparādhas sarvva¡v!⟨b⟩ādhāvivarjjitas sarvvopari{ka}karādāna-sahitaś catuḥ-
⟨10⟩ -sīmāparyantas sā⟨mra⟩-madhukas sagartoṣa⟨ra⟩s sa-jala-sthala-sahitaḥ pratiniṣiddha-cāṭa-bhaṭ{ṭ}a-pra-
⟨11⟩ veśaḥ| ṭ{ṭ}akārī-vinirggatāya| ko¡ś!⟨s⟩ale turvvunā-vāstavyāya| bharadvāja-gotrāya| ¡v!⟨b⟩ā-
⟨12⟩ rhaspaty-āṅgirasa-pravarāya| vāja¿sena?⟨saneya⟩-śākhadhyāyine bhaṭṭa-śrī-mahattama-sādhāraṇā-
⟨13⟩ ya| bhaṭṭa-śrī-śobhana-sutāya| saliladhārā-purassaram ā-candra-tārakārkka-kṣiti-sama-
⟨Page 2r⟩ 
⟨14⟩ kālopabhogyāya| mātā-pitror ātmanaś ca puṇya-yaśobhivṛddhaye tām{v}ra-śāsanenākarī-
⟨15⟩ kṛtya pratipāditam ity avagatya samucita-bhoga-bhāga-kara-hiraṇyādibhir pratyāyam upanaya-
⟨16⟩ dbhir bhavadhiḥ sukhena prativastavyam iti| bhāvibhiś ca bhūpatibhir ddattir iyam asmadīyā dharmma-
⟨17⟩ -gauravād asmad-anurodhāc ca sva-dattir ivānupalanīyā|| tathā coktan dharmaśāstre|   ¡v!⟨b⟩ahubhi-
⟨18⟩ r vvasudhā dattā rājabhis sagarādibhiḥ| yasya yasya yadā bhūmis tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ||  mā bhū-
⟨19⟩ d a-phala-śaṅkā vaḥ pa{pa}ra-datteti pārthivāḥ| sva-dānāt ¿m?⟨ph⟩alam ānandyam para-dānā-
⟨20⟩ nupālane   ṣaṣṭhim varṣa-sahasrāṇi svargge modati bhūmidaḥ| Ākṣeptā cānuma-
⟨21⟩ ntā ca dvitayan narakaṁ vrajeT||   Agner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ bhūr vvaiṣṇavī
⟨22⟩ sūrya-sutāś ca gāvaḥ| yaḥ kā¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩canaṁ gā¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩ ca mahī¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩ ca dadyāt dattās trayas tena bhavanti lok¿e?⟨āḥ⟩   
⟨23⟩ Āsphoṭayanti pitaraḥ pravalganti pitāmahāḥ| bhūmidātā kule jātaḥ sa nas trātā bha-
⟨24⟩ viṣyati||   bhūmiṁ yaḥ pratigr̥hṇāti yaś ca bhūmiṁ prayacchati| Ubhau tau puṇya-karmmāṇau ni-
⟨25⟩ yataṁ svargga-gāminau||   taḍāgānā⟨ṁ⟩ sahasrāṇi vājapeya-śatā⟨ni⟩ ca| gavāṁ koṭi-pra-
⟨26⟩ dānena bhūmi-harttā na śudhyati||   harate hārayed yas tu manda-¡v!⟨b⟩uddhis tamo-vr̥taḥ| sa ¡v!⟨b⟩addho 
⟨Page 2v⟩ 
⟨27⟩ vāruṇaiḥ pāśais tiryag-yoniṁ ca gacchati||   suvarṇṇam ekaṁ gām ekāṁ bhūmer apy arddham aṅgulaṁ| 
⟨28⟩ haran narakam āyāti yāvad—ā-bhūta-saṁplavaṁ||   sva-dattām para-dattām vā yo hareta vasundha-
⟨29⟩ rāṁ| sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā pitr̥bhiḥ saha pacyate||   Ādityo varuṇo viṣṇur ¡vv!⟨b⟩rahmā
⟨30⟩ somo hutāśanaḥ| śūlapāṇiś ca bhagavān abhinandanti bhūmidaM||   sāmānyo
⟨31⟩  ’yaṁ dharmma-setur ¿tr̥?⟨nr̥⟩pāṇāṁ kāle kāle pālanīyo bhavadbhiḥ| sarvvān evaṁ bhāvinaḥ pārthi-
⟨32⟩ vendrān bhūyo bhūyo yācate rāmabhadraḥ||   Iti kamala-dalām¡v!⟨b⟩u-¡v!⟨b⟩indu-lo-
⟨33⟩ lāṁ śriyam anucintya manuṣya-jīvitaṁ ca| sakalam idam udāhr̥ta⟨ṁ⟩ ca ¡v!⟨b⟩u¿dvā?⟨ddhvā⟩ 
⟨34⟩ na hi puruṣaiḥ para-kīrtayo vilopyāḥ||  sakala-bhūpāla-mauli-mālā-vi-
⟨35⟩ lagna-māṇikya-mayūkha-vrātābhira¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩jitāṅ¿gi?⟨ghri⟩-kamala-yugalaḥ pracaṇḍa-dorddaṇḍa-maṇḍa-
⟨36⟩ lāgra-khaṇḍitārāti-matta-mātaṅga-vimukta-muktāphala-prasādhitāśeṣa-raṇa-mahī-
⟨37⟩ -maṇḍala||   yas sādhāraṇa-nāmni mantri-tilake vinyasya sarvvāgamaṁ dhairyodanvati tī-
⟨38⟩ vra-tejasi dhuraṁ rājasya viprottame| mānākhyānaka-vistarāmṛta-rasāsvādād a-
⟨39⟩ manda-sphurat- santoṣāt sukham anvabhūd avirataṁ pṛthvīśa-cūḍamaṇiḥ||   jñ¿ā?⟨e⟩yāś⟨eṣā⟩rtha-
⟨Page 3r⟩ 
⟨40⟩ -śāstra-smṛti-vimala-dhiyā veda-vedaṅga-vidyā -śikṣā-kalpetihāsa-prakaṭa-suragu-
⟨41⟩ ruḥ prāpta-bhūyiṣṭha-dhāmnā|  nāmnā sādhāraṇena dvija-vara-vidhinā mantriṇā yasya rājyaṁ ni-
⟨42⟩ rvyūdhaṁ so ’yam uccais tri-jagati vidito dharmma-kandarppa-devaḥ||  parama-māheśvara-parama-
⟨43⟩ -bhaṭṭāraka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-soma-kula-tilaka-trikaliṅgādhipati-śrī-
⟨44⟩ -mahābhavagupta-deva-pāda-padma-pravarddhamāna-vijaya-rājye eka-triṅśatt¿i?⟨a⟩me s¿ā?⟨a⟩mvatsa-
⟨45⟩ re| mārgga śudi tithau trayodaśyāṁ yatrāṅkenāpi samvat 31 mārgga
⟨46⟩ śudi 13 likhitam idaṁ triphalī-tām{v}ra-śāsana⟨ṁ⟩ mahāsāndhivigra-
⟨47⟩ hī-rāṇaka-malladatta-prati¡v!⟨b⟩addha-kāyastha-śrī-māhūkena priyaṅkarā-
⟨48⟩ ditya-suteneti||   praṇītaṁ ko¡ś!⟨s⟩alendreṇa prati¡v!⟨b⟩odhya-maṃhattam{a}| Ādatta puṇḍarīkā-
⟨49⟩ kṣaḥ śāsanaṁ tāmra-nirmmitam||  Utkirnita mādhavena vāsu¿ṣū?⟨su⟩teneti||  

⟨Page 1r⟩

I. Anuṣṭubh

¡v!⟨b⟩ahubhi⟨18⟩r vvasudhā dattā

rājabhis sagarādibhiḥ|

yasya yasya yadā bhūmis

tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ||

II. Anuṣṭubh

mā bhū⟨19⟩d a-phala-śaṅkā vaḥ

pa{pa}ra-datteti pārthivāḥ|

sva-dānāt ¿m?⟨ph⟩alam ānandyam

para-dānā⟨20⟩nupālane

III. Anuṣṭubh

ṣaṣṭhim varṣa-sahasrāṇi

svargge modati bhūmidaḥ|

Ākṣeptā cānuma⟨21⟩ntā ca

dvitayan narakaṁ vrajeT||

IV. Indravajrā

Agner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ

bhūr vvaiṣṇavī ⟨22⟩ sūrya-sutāś ca gāvaḥ|

yaḥ kā¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩canaṁ gā¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩ ca mahī¡ṇ!⟨ñ⟩ ca dadyāt

dattās trayas tena bhavanti lok¿e?⟨āḥ⟩

V. Anuṣṭubh

⟨23⟩ Āsphoṭayanti pitaraḥ

pravalganti pitāmahāḥ|

bhūmidātā kule jātaḥ

sa nas trātā bha⟨24⟩viṣyati||

VI. Anuṣṭubh

bhūmiṁ yaḥ pratigr̥hṇāti

yaś ca bhūmiṁ prayacchati|

Ubhau tau puṇya-karmmāṇau

ni⟨25⟩yataṁ svargga-gāminau||

VII. Anuṣṭubh

taḍāgānā⟨ṁ⟩ sahasrāṇi

vājapeya-śatā⟨ni⟩ ca|

gavāṁ koṭi-pra⟨26⟩dānena

bhūmi-harttā na śudhyati||

VIII. Anuṣṭubh

harate hārayed yas tu

manda-¡v!⟨b⟩uddhis tamo-vr̥taḥ|

sa ¡v!⟨b⟩addho ⟨Page 2v⟩ ⟨27⟩ vāruṇaiḥ pāśais

tiryag-yoniṁ ca gacchati||

IX. Anuṣṭubh

suvarṇṇam ekaṁ gām ekāṁ

bhūmer apy arddham aṅgulaṁ|

⟨28⟩ haran narakam āyāti

yāvad—ā-bhūta-saṁplavaṁ||

X. Anuṣṭubh

sva-dattām para-dattām vā

yo hareta vasundha⟨29⟩rāṁ|

sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā

pitr̥bhiḥ saha pacyate||

XI. Anuṣṭubh

Ādityo varuṇo viṣṇur

¡vv!⟨b⟩rahmā ⟨30⟩ somo hutāśanaḥ|

śūlapāṇiś ca bhagavān

abhinandanti bhūmidaM||

XII. Śālinī

sāmānyo ⟨31⟩ ’yaṁ dharmma-setur ¿tr̥?⟨nr̥⟩pāṇāṁ

kāle kāle pālanīyo bhavadbhiḥ|

sarvvān evaṁ bhāvinaḥ pārthi⟨32⟩vendrān

bhūyo bhūyo yācate rāmabhadraḥ||

XIII. Puṣpitāgrā

Iti kamala-dalām¡v!⟨b⟩u-¡v!⟨b⟩indu-lo⟨33⟩lāṁ

śriyam anucintya manuṣya-jīvitaṁ ca|

sakalam idam udāhr̥ta⟨ṁ⟩ ca ¡v!⟨b⟩u¿dvā?⟨ddhvā⟩

⟨34⟩ na hi puruṣaiḥ para-kīrtayo vilopyāḥ||

XIV. Śārdūlavikrīḍita

yas sādhāraṇa-nāmni mantri-tilake vinyasya sarvvāgamaṁ

dhairyodanvati tī⟨38⟩vra-tejasi dhuraṁ rājasya viprottame|

mānākhyānaka-vistarāmṛta-rasāsvādād a⟨39⟩manda-sphurat-

santoṣāt sukham anvabhūd avirataṁ pṛthvīśa-cūḍamaṇiḥ||

XV. Sragdharā

jñ¿ā?⟨e⟩yāś⟨eṣā⟩rtha⟨Page 3r⟩⟨40⟩-śāstra-smṛti-vimala-dhiyā veda-vedaṅga-vidyā

-śikṣā-kalpetihāsa-prakaṭa-suragu⟨41⟩ruḥ prāpta-bhūyiṣṭha-dhāmnā|

nāmnā sādhāraṇena dvija-vara-vidhinā mantriṇā yasya rājyaṁ

ni⟨42⟩rvyūdhaṁ so ’yam uccais tri-jagati vidito dharmma-kandarppa-devaḥ||

Anuṣṭubh

praṇītaṁ ko¡ś!⟨s⟩alendreṇa

prati¡v!⟨b⟩odhya-maṃhattam{a}|

Ādatta puṇḍarīkā⟨49⟩kṣaḥ

śāsanaṁ tāmra-nirmmitam||

Utkirnita mādhavena vāsu¿ṣū?⟨su⟩teneti||

Apparatus

⟨9⟩ sarvvopari{ka}karādāna-sahitaś ⬦ sarvvoparikakarādāna-sahitaś S.

Translation

(1–7) Hail ! From his glorious and victorious camp situated at Ārāma, the divine king, the prosperous (kuśalī) lord (śrī) Paramabhaṭṭāraka and Mahārājādhirāja Mahābhavagupta, lord of Trikaliṅga (tr̥kaliṅgādhipati), the forehead ornament of the Soma dynasty (or lunar race), the great lord (parameśvara), a devout worshipper of Maheśvara (paramamāheśvara), blessed by the lord (śrī) Paramabhaṭṭāraka and Mahārājādhirāja Śivaguptadeva, worshipped the Brāhmaṇas in the village Raṇḍā situated in the part of Povā, as well as in the village Alāṇḍalā, (both) in the Kosala region (deśa) and informed all the householders dwelling there [and] seated in due time upon this division beginning with the samāhartr̥ (tax collector), the saṁnidhātr̥ (the receiver of stolen goods), the niyuktaka (subordinate officers), the adhikārika (superintendents), the dāṇḍapāśika (the policemen), the valorous soldiers (cāṭa-bhaṭṭa), the informer (piśuna-vetrika)m the inmates of the royal harem, the subordinates, sons and favorites of the king (rāṇaka-rājaputra-rājavallabhā) as follows:

(7–11) Be it known by you that this village by us has been given (pratipādita, line 15) with its treasures (nidhi) and its deposits (upanidhi), with the power to punish and realise fines for the ten offences (sa-daśāparādha), without any restrictions (sarvabādhāvivarjita), with the seizing of all the minor taxes (sarvvoparikarādāna), with its four boundary-marks (catuḥ-sīmāparyanta), with mango and madhuka trees (sāmra-madhuka), with its pits and barren lands (sagartoṣara), together with land and waters (sa-jala-sthala), preserved from the entrance of soldiers (cāṭa-bhaṭṭa),

(11–16) to the learned lord (bhaṭṭaśrī), the great Sādhāraṇā, after having immigrating from Ṭakārī, residing in Turvunā in Kosala, who belonged to the Bharadvāja gotra with the pravaras of Bārhaspatya and Āṅgirasa, student of the Vājasaneyi śākhā, learned son (bhaṭṭaputra) of Lord Śobhana, after pouring water, [as permanent endowment] to be enjoyed in perpetuity as long as the moon, the sun and the stars [will last], in order to increase the merit and the fame of our two parents as well as our own ones, after having edicted this by a copperplate.

(16–18) After having considered this (iti), thanks to our acquisition, the enjoyments, the parts, the taxes, the gold etc… should easily remain appropriate and the future kings must protect this gift of Us out of the respect of Dharma and out of Our consideration as it was their own gift.

(19–34) Thus it is said in the Dharmaśāstra:

I

Land has been given by several kings beginning with Sagara. Whoever holds land at a given time, to him does the fruit belong.

II

Have no doubt about the fruit of what is given by another, o sons of Pr̥thu, the fruit is eternal both for him who gives in person and for him who protects what is given by another.¹

III

The giver of land enjoys sixty thousand years in heaven; the one who challenges [a donation] as well as the one who approves [this act] will reside as many [years] in hell.

IV

Gold is Agni’s first born son, Earth Viṣṇu’s wife and cows Sun’s daughters; the one who gives gold, cows and land, the worlds belongs to him by these three kinds of gifts.

V

The Fathers are applauding and the Grand-Fathers are hopping up and down [when they can say] “A giver of land is born within our lineage, sure, he will deliver us!”

VI

The one who receives a land and the one who offers a land, both of them are men with meritorious deeds who are surely going to heaven.

VII

The excellent gift of a cow, the one of hundreds of sacrificial foods and beverages or of thousand tanks can not purify the one who has stolen a land.

VIII

The foolish man who seizes ou makes [a land] seized, will be covered by obscurity and bound by Varuṇa’s noose and be born again in an animal womb.

IX

The one who steals a single cow, one piece of gold or a half aṅgula of land will stay in hells up to the dissolution of the created things.

X

The one who would steal land given by himself or another becomes a worm in excrement and is cooked with his ancestors.

XI

Āditya, Varuṇa, Viṣṇu, Brahmā, Soma, Hutāśana, Śulpāṇis and the Lord rejoice the land-giver.

XII

"This bridge of Dharma which is common to all the kings, you always must protect it!" Rāmabhadra begs repeatedly to all these future kings:

XIII

Having considered that fortune and human life were as transient as a drop of water on a lotus petal, and having thought that the entire world is an illustration, let the glorious acts made by others not be destroyed by men.

(34–36) His pair of lotus-feet adorned by the rays (emanating from) the jewels set in the garland adorning the crowns of all the kings and the circle of the earth is decorated by the pearls falling from the maddened elephants of his enemies, who are struck by his mighty arms.

XIV

The crown-jewel of the kings on earth, after having assigned the entire scripture to the crest-jewel of minister named Sādhāraṇa and the office of minister to the best brahmin in the kingdom, possessing an ocean of knowledge and an intense brilliance, he experienced constantly happiness by the satisfaction constantly growing from the taste of the nectar of the extensive stories of honor;

XV

He is known in the three worlds by the name of Dharmakandarpadeva, who has a kingdom that is well-governed according to the rule of the best brahmins by Sādhāraṇa whose intellect was purified by the study of all the worth-knowing Arthaśāstra and Smṛti texts, who is a the teacher of the gods clearly knowing the Vedas, the Vedaṅgas, the acquisition of knowledge, the Kalpas and the Itihāsas by He is the one who has attained the highest position, and who has attained the highest position.

(42–48) On the thirteenth day of the bright fortnight of the month Mārgaśīrṣa of the thirty-first year of the increasingly victorious reign of the Lord (śrī) Paramabhaṭṭāraka and Mahārājādhirāja Mahābhavagupta, lord of Trikaliṅga (tr̥kaliṅgādhipati), the forehead ornament of the Soma dynasty (or lunar race), the great lord (parameśvara), a devout worshipper of Maheśvara (paramamāheśvara), i.e. Saṁvat 31 month Mārgaśīrṣa day 13, this charter co;prising three plates of copper was written by the clerk (kāyastha) Māhūka, son of Priyaṅkarāditya, who is attached to the mahāsāndhivigraha Rāṇaka Malladatta.

XVI

Having informed the mahattama, Puṇḍarīkākṣa accepted the royal edict promulgated by the king of Kosala and written in copper.

(49) Written by Mādhava, son of Vāsu.

Commentary

Orthographical peculiarities : the use of v for b; the use of the velar nasal ṅ instead of the anusvāra.

Object: grant of two villages to a Brahmin by the reigning king.

Bibliography

It was edited for the first time in 1876, in the Indian Antiquary, by Babu Rangalala Banerjea (see Beames and Banerjea 1876). It was reedited then by Fleet 1894–1895, s.v. B, pp. 347–351. The actual place of preservation is unknown

Primary

[B] Beames, John and Rangalala Banerjea. 1876. “Copper-plate grant from Kapâleśvara, in Orissa.” IA 5, pp. 55–60. [URL].

[F] Fleet, John Faithfull. 1894–1895. “Records of the Somavamsi Kings of Katak.” EI 3, pp. 323–359. Entry B, pages 347–351.

[R] Rajaguru, Satyanarayan. 1966. Inscriptions of Orissa, vol. 4. No place: Sri Sarada Press. [URL]. Item 24, pages 138–144.

[S] Shastri, Ajay Mitra. 1995. Inscriptions of the Śarabhapurīyas, Pāṇḍuvaṁśins and Somavaṁśins, Part II: Inscriptions. New Delhi: Indian Council of Historical Research; Motilal Bandarsidass. Item VIII, pages 206–212.

Secondary

Bhandarkar, Devadatta Ramakrishna. 1927–1936. A list of the inscriptions of northern India in Brahmi and its derivative scripts, from about 200 A. C.: Appendix to Epigraphia Indica and record of the Archaeological Survey of India, volumes XIX to XXIII. Calcutta: Archaeological Survey of India. [URL]. Item 1562.

Tripathy, Snigdha. 2010. Descriptive topographical catalogue of Orissan inscriptions. New Delhi: Manohar Publishers & Distributors. Pages 138–140.

Acharya, Subrata Kumar. 2014. Copper-plate inscriptions of Odisha: a descriptive catalogue (circa fourth century to sixteenth century CE). New Delhi: D. K. Printworld. Page 247.

Notes

1. This verse corresponds to the verse numbered 85 among the Stanzas on Bhūmidāna listed by Sircar (see Sircar 1965, appendix II, pp. 170–200).

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<lb n="1"/>Om svasti<g type="danda">.</g> śrimad-<placeName>ārāma</placeName>-samāvāsi<choice><sic>n</sic><corr>t</corr></choice>aḥ śrīmato vijaya-kaṭakāt<g type="danda">.</g> parama-bhaṭṭā<lb n="2" break="no"/>raka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-śrī-<persName>śivagupta</persName>-deva-pādānudhyāta-parama-māheśva<lb n="3" break="no"/>ra-parama-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-soma-kula-tilaka-trikaliṅgādhipati-<lb n="4" break="no"/>mahārājādhirāja-śrī-<persName>mahābhavagupta</persName>-devaḥ kuśalī<g type="danda">.</g> <placeName>ko<choice><orig>ś</orig><reg>s</reg></choice>ala</placeName>-deśe <placeName>povā</placeName>-vi<choice><orig>ś</orig><reg>ṣ</reg></choice>ayīya<lb n="5" break="no"/>-<placeName>raṇḍā</placeName>-grāme<g type="danda">.</g> tathā <placeName>Alāṇḍalā</placeName>-grāme<g type="danda">.</g> <choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>rāhmaṇān saṁpūjya tad-vi<choice><orig>ś</orig><reg>ṣ</reg></choice>ayīyān yathākālā<lb n="6" break="no"/>dhyāsinaḥ samāhartṛ-sannidhātṛ-niyuktakādhikār<choice><sic>ī</sic><corr>i</corr></choice>ka-dāṇḍapāśika-cāṭa<lb n="7" break="no"/>-bhaṭ<surplus>ṭ</surplus>a-piśuna-ve<supplied reason="omitted">t</supplied>rikāvarodhajana-rāṇaka-<supplied reason="omitted">rājaputra</supplied>-rājavallabhādī<choice><sic>na</sic><corr>N</corr></choice> sarvvāN sa<lb n="8" break="no"/>mājñāpayati<g type="danda">.</g> viditam astu bhavatāṁ yathāsmābhir ayaṁ grāmaḥ <choice><orig>ṣ</orig><reg>s</reg></choice>anidhiḥ so<lb n="9" break="no"/>panidhis sa-daśāparādhas sarvva<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>ādhāvivarjjitas sarvvopari<surplus>ka</surplus>karādāna-sahitaś catuḥ<lb n="10" break="no"/>-sīmāparyantas sā<supplied reason="omitted">mra</supplied>-madhukas sagartoṣa<supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied>s sa-jala-sthala-sahitaḥ pratiniṣiddha-cāṭa-bhaṭ<surplus>ṭ</surplus>a-pra<lb n="11" break="no"/>veśaḥ<g type="danda">.</g> <placeName>ṭ<surplus>ṭ</surplus>akārī</placeName>-vinirggatāya<g type="danda">.</g> <placeName>ko<choice><orig>ś</orig><reg>s</reg></choice>ale</placeName> <placeName>turvvunā</placeName>-vāstavyāya<g type="danda">.</g> bharadvāja-gotrāya<g type="danda">.</g> <choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>ā<lb n="12" break="no"/>rhaspaty-āṅgirasa-pravarāya<g type="danda">.</g> vāja<choice><sic>sena</sic><corr>saneya</corr></choice>-śākhadhyāyine bhaṭṭa-śrī-mahattama-<persName>sādhāraṇā</persName><lb n="13" break="no"/>ya<g type="danda">.</g> bhaṭṭa-śrī-<persName>śobhana</persName>-sutāya<g type="danda">.</g> saliladhārā-purassaram ā-candra-tārakārkka-kṣiti-sama

<lb n="14" break="no"/>kālopabhogyāya<g type="danda">.</g> mātā-pitror ātmanaś ca puṇya-yaśobhivṛddhaye tām<surplus>v</surplus>ra-śāsanenākarī<lb n="15" break="no"/>kṛtya pratipāditam ity avagatya samucita-bhoga-bhāga-kara-hiraṇyādibhir pratyāyam upanaya<lb n="16" break="no"/>dbhir bhavadhiḥ sukhena prativastavyam iti<g type="danda">.</g> bhāvibhiś ca bhūpatibhir ddattir iyam asmadīyā dharmma<lb n="17" break="no"/>-gauravād asmad-anurodhāc ca sva-dattir ivānupalanīyā<g type="ddanda">.</g> tathā coktan dharmaśāstre<g type="danda">.</g>

<l n="a"><choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>ahubhi<lb n="18" break="no"/>r vvasudhā dattā</l>

<l n="b">rājabhis sagarādibhiḥ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">yasya yasya yadā bhūmis</l>

<l n="d">tasya tasya tadā phalaṁ<g type="ddanda">.</g></l><!--

amwb: Sircar 23

--></lg>

<l n="a">mā bhū<lb n="19" break="no"/>d a-phala-śaṅkā vaḥ</l>

<l n="b">pa<surplus>pa</surplus>ra-datteti pārthivāḥ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">sva-dānāt <choice><sic>m</sic><corr>ph</corr></choice>alam ānandyam</l>

<l n="d">para-dānā<lb n="20" break="no"/>nupālane</l><!--

amwb : Sircar 85

-->

</lg>

<l n="a">ṣaṣṭhim varṣa-sahasrāṇi</l>

<l n="b">svargge modati bhūmidaḥ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">Ākṣeptā cānuma<lb n="21" break="no"/>ntā ca</l>

<l n="d">dvitayan narakaṁ vrajeT<g type="ddanda">.</g></l><!--

amwb : Sircar 123

-->

</lg>

<l n="a">Agner apatyaṁ prathamaṁ suvarṇṇaṁ</l>

<l n="b">bhūr vvaiṣṇavī<lb n="22"/>sūrya-sutāś ca gāvaḥ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">yaḥ kā<choice><orig>ṇ</orig><reg>ñ</reg></choice>canaṁ gā<choice><orig>ṇ</orig><reg>ñ</reg></choice> ca mahī<choice><orig>ṇ</orig><reg>ñ</reg></choice> ca dadyāt</l>

<l n="d">dattās trayas tena bhavanti lok<choice><sic>e</sic><corr>āḥ</corr></choice></l>

</lg>

<l n="a"><lb n="23"/>Āsphoṭayanti pitaraḥ</l>

<l n="b">pravalganti pitāmahāḥ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">bhūmidātā kule jātaḥ</l>

<l n="d">sa nas trātā bha<lb n="24" break="no"/>viṣyati<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">bhūmiṁ yaḥ pratigr̥hṇāti</l>

<l n="b">yaś ca bhūmiṁ prayacchati<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">Ubhau tau puṇya-karmmāṇau</l>

<l n="d">ni<lb n="25" break="no"/>yataṁ svargga-gāminau<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">taḍāgānā<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> sahasrāṇi</l>

<l n="b">vājapeya-śatā<supplied reason="omitted">ni</supplied> ca<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">gavāṁ koṭi-pra<lb n="26" break="no"/>dānena</l>

<l n="d">bhūmi-harttā na śudhyati<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">harate hārayed yas tu</l>

<l n="b">manda-<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>uddhis tamo-vr̥taḥ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">sa <choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>addho

<lb n="27"/>vāruṇaiḥ pāśais</l>

<l n="d">tiryag-yoniṁ ca gacchati<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">suvarṇṇam ekaṁ gām ekāṁ</l>

<l n="b">bhūmer apy arddham aṅgulaṁ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c"><lb n="28"/>haran narakam āyāti</l>

<l n="d">yāvad—ā-bhūta-saṁplavaṁ<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">sva-dattām para-dattām vā</l>

<l n="b">yo hareta vasundha<lb n="29" break="no"/>rāṁ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">sa viṣṭhāyāṁ kr̥mir bhūtvā</l>

<l n="d">pitr̥bhiḥ saha pacyate<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">Ādityo varuṇo viṣṇur</l>

<l n="b"><choice><orig>vv</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>rahmā<lb n="30"/>somo hutāśanaḥ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">śūlapāṇiś ca bhagavān</l>

<l n="d">abhinandanti bhūmidaM<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">sāmānyo<lb n="31"/> 'yaṁ dharmma-setur <choice><sic>tr̥</sic><corr>nr̥</corr></choice>pāṇāṁ</l>

<l n="b">kāle kāle pālanīyo bhavadbhiḥ<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">sarvvān evaṁ bhāvinaḥ pārthi<lb n="32" break="no"/>vendrān</l>

<l n="d">bhūyo bhūyo yācate rāmabhadraḥ<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">Iti kamala-dalām<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>u-<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>indu-lo<lb n="33" break="no"/>lāṁ</l>

<l n="b">śriyam anucintya manuṣya-jīvitaṁ ca<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">sakalam idam udāhr̥ta<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> ca <choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>u<choice><sic>dvā</sic><corr>ddhvā</corr></choice></l>

<l n="d"><lb n="34"/>na hi puruṣaiḥ para-kīrtayo vilopyāḥ<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

sakala-bhūpāla-mauli-mālā-vi<lb n="35" break="no"/>lagna-māṇikya-mayūkha-vrātābhira<choice><orig>ṇ</orig><reg>ñ</reg></choice>jitāṅ<choice><sic>gi</sic><corr>ghri</corr></choice>-kamala-yugalaḥ pracaṇḍa-dorddaṇḍa-maṇḍa<lb n="36" break="no"/>lāgra-khaṇḍitārāti-matta-mātaṅga-vimukta-muktāphala-prasādhitāśeṣa-raṇa-mahī<lb n="37" break="no"/>-maṇḍala<g type="ddanda">.</g>

<l n="a">yas <persName>sādhāraṇa</persName>-nāmni mantri-tilake vinyasya sarvvāgamaṁ</l>

<l n="b">dhairyodanvati tī<lb n="38" break="no"/>vra-tejasi dhuraṁ rājasya viprottame<g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">mānākhyānaka-vistarāmṛta-rasāsvādād a<lb n="39" break="no"/>manda-sphurat-</l>

<l n="d">santoṣāt sukham anvabhūd avirataṁ pṛthvīśa-cūḍamaṇiḥ<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

<l n="a">jñ<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>e</corr></choice>yāś<supplied reason="omitted">eṣā</supplied>rtha

<pb n="3r" break="no"/><lb n="40" break="no"/>-śāstra-smṛti-vimala-dhiyā veda-vedaṅga-vidyā</l>

<l n="b">-śikṣā-kalpetihāsa-prakaṭa-suragu<lb n="41" break="no"/>ruḥ prāpta-bhūyiṣṭha-dhāmnā<g type="danda">.</g> </l>

<l n="c">nāmnā <persName>sādhāraṇena</persName> dvija-vara-vidhinā mantriṇā yasya rājyaṁ</l>

<l n="d">ni<lb n="42" break="no"/>rvyūdhaṁ so 'yam uccais tri-jagati vidito <persName>dharmma-kandarppa</persName>-devaḥ<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

parama-māheśvara-parama<lb n="43" break="no"/>-bhaṭṭāraka-mahārājādhirāja-parameśvara-soma-kula-tilaka-trikaliṅgādhipati-śrī<lb n="44" break="no"/>-<persName>mahābhavagupta</persName>-deva-pāda-padma-pravarddhamāna-vijaya-rājye eka-triṅśatt<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>me s<choice><sic>ā</sic><corr>a</corr></choice>mvatsa<lb n="45" break="no"/>re<g type="danda">.</g> mārgga <abbr>śudi</abbr> tithau trayodaśyāṁ yatrāṅkenāpi samvat <num value="31">31</num> mārgga<lb n="46"/>śudi <num value="13">13</num> likhitam idaṁ triphalī-tām<surplus>v</surplus>ra-śāsana<supplied reason="omitted">ṁ</supplied> mahāsāndhivigra<lb n="47" break="no"/>hī-rāṇaka-<persName>malladatta</persName>-prati<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>addha-kāyastha-śrī-<persName>māhūkena</persName> <persName>priyaṅkarā<lb n="48" break="no"/>ditya</persName>-suteneti<g type="ddanda">.</g>

<l n="a">praṇītaṁ ko<choice><orig>ś</orig><reg>s</reg></choice>alendreṇa</l>

<l n="b">prati<choice><orig>v</orig><reg>b</reg></choice>odhya-maṃhattam<surplus>a</surplus><g type="danda">.</g></l>

<l n="c">Ādatta <persName>puṇḍarīkā<lb n="49" break="no"/>kṣaḥ</persName></l>

<l n="d">śāsanaṁ tāmra-nirmmitam<g type="ddanda">.</g></l>

</lg>

Utkirnita <persName>mādhavena</persName> <persName>vāsu</persName><choice><sic>ṣū</sic><corr>su</corr></choice>teneti<g type="ddanda">.</g>

</div>

<listApp>

<lem>sarvvopari<surplus>ka</surplus>karādāna-sahitaś </lem>

<rdg source="bib:Shastri1995_02">sarvvoparikakarādāna-sahitaś </rdg>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

Hail ! From his glorious and victorious camp situated at Ārāma, the divine king, the prosperous (<foreign>kuśalī</foreign>) lord (<foreign>śrī</foreign>) Paramabhaṭṭāraka and Mahārājādhirāja Mahābhavagupta, lord of Trikaliṅga (<foreign>tr̥kaliṅgādhipati</foreign>), the forehead ornament of the Soma dynasty (or lunar race), the great lord (<foreign>parameśvara</foreign>), a devout worshipper of Maheśvara (<foreign>paramamāheśvara</foreign>), blessed by the lord (<foreign>śrī</foreign>) Paramabhaṭṭāraka and Mahārājādhirāja Śivaguptadeva, worshipped the Brāhmaṇas in the village Raṇḍā situated in the part of Povā, as well as in the village Alāṇḍalā, (both) in the Kosala region (<foreign>deśa</foreign>) and informed all the householders dwelling there [and] seated in due time upon this division beginning with the <foreign>samāhartr̥</foreign> (tax collector), the <foreign>saṁnidhātr̥</foreign> (the receiver of stolen goods), the <foreign>niyuktaka</foreign> (subordinate officers), the <foreign>adhikārika</foreign> (superintendents), the <foreign>dāṇḍapāśika</foreign> (the policemen), the valorous soldiers (<foreign>cāṭa-bhaṭṭa</foreign>), the informer (<foreign>piśuna-vetrika</foreign>)m the inmates of the royal harem, the subordinates, sons and favorites of the king (<foreign>rāṇaka-rājaputra-rājavallabhā</foreign>) as follows:

Be it known by you that this village by us has been given (<foreign>pratipādita</foreign>, line 15) with its treasures (<foreign>nidhi</foreign>) and its deposits (<foreign>upanidhi</foreign>), with the power to punish and realise fines for the ten offences (<foreign>sa-daśāparādha</foreign>), without any restrictions (<foreign>sarvabādhāvivarjita</foreign>), with the seizing of all the minor taxes (<foreign>sarvvoparikarādāna</foreign>), with its four boundary-marks (<foreign>catuḥ-sīmāparyanta</foreign>), with mango and madhuka trees (<foreign>sāmra-madhuka</foreign>), with its pits and barren lands (<foreign>sagartoṣara</foreign>), together with land and waters (<foreign>sa-jala-sthala</foreign>), preserved from the entrance of soldiers (<foreign>cāṭa-bhaṭṭa</foreign>),

to the learned lord (bhaṭṭaśrī), the great Sādhāraṇā, after having immigrating from Ṭakārī, residing in Turvunā in Kosala, who belonged to the Bharadvāja gotra with the pravaras of Bārhaspatya and Āṅgirasa, student of the Vājasaneyi śākhā, learned son <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>bhaṭṭaputra</foreign></supplied> of Lord Śobhana, after pouring water, <supplied reason="subaudible">as permanent endowment</supplied> to be enjoyed in perpetuity as long as the moon, the sun and the stars <supplied reason="subaudible">will last</supplied>, in order to increase the merit and the fame of our two parents as well as our own ones, after having edicted this by a copperplate.

After having considered this <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iti</foreign></supplied>, thanks to our acquisition, the enjoyments, the parts, the taxes, the gold etc… should easily remain appropriate and the future kings must protect this gift of Us out of the respect of Dharma and out of Our consideration as it was their own gift.

Thus it is said in the <title>Dharmaśāstra</title>:

Land has been given by several kings beginning with Sagara. Whoever holds land at a given time, to him does the fruit belong.

Have no doubt about the fruit of what is given by another, o sons of Pr̥thu, the fruit is eternal both for him who gives in person and for him who protects what is given by another.<note>

This verse corresponds to the verse numbered 85 among the Stanzas on Bhūmidāna listed by Sircar <supplied reason="explanation">see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Sircar1965_03"/><citedRange unit="appendix">II</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">170-200</citedRange></bibl></supplied>.

</note>

The giver of land enjoys sixty thousand years in heaven; the one who challenges <supplied reason="subaudible">a donation</supplied> as well as the one who approves <supplied reason="subaudible">this act</supplied> will reside as many <supplied reason="subaudible">years</supplied> in hell.

Gold is Agni's first born son, Earth Viṣṇu's wife and cows Sun's daughters; the one who gives gold, cows and land, the worlds belongs to him by these three kinds of gifts.

The Fathers are applauding and the Grand-Fathers are hopping up and down <supplied reason="subaudible">when they can say</supplied> <q>A giver of land is born within our lineage, sure, he will deliver us!</q>

The one who receives a land and the one who offers a land, both of them are men with meritorious deeds who are surely going to heaven.

The excellent gift of a cow, the one of hundreds of sacrificial foods and beverages or of thousand tanks can not purify the one who has stolen a land.

The foolish man who seizes ou makes <supplied reason="subaudible">a land</supplied> seized, will be covered by obscurity and bound by Varuṇa’s noose and be born again in an animal womb.

The one who steals a single cow, one piece of gold or a half <foreign>aṅgula</foreign> of land will stay in hells up to the dissolution of the created things.

The one who would steal land given by himself or another becomes a worm in excrement and is cooked with his ancestors.

Āditya, Varuṇa, Viṣṇu, Brahmā, Soma, Hutāśana, Śulpāṇis and the Lord rejoice the land-giver.

"This bridge of Dharma which is common to all the kings, you always must protect it!" Rāmabhadra begs repeatedly to all these future kings:

His pair of lotus-feet adorned by the rays (emanating from) the jewels set in the garland adorning the crowns of all the kings and the circle of the earth is decorated by the pearls falling from the maddened elephants of his enemies, who are struck by his mighty arms.

The crown-jewel of the kings on earth, after having assigned the entire scripture to the crest-jewel of minister named Sādhāraṇa and the office of minister to the best brahmin in the kingdom, possessing an ocean of knowledge and an intense brilliance, he experienced constantly happiness by the satisfaction constantly growing from the taste of the nectar of the extensive stories of honor;

He is known in the three worlds by the name of Dharmakandarpadeva, who has a kingdom that is well-governed according to the rule of the best brahmins by Sādhāraṇa whose intellect was purified by the study of all the worth-knowing Arthaśāstra and Smṛti texts, who is a the teacher of the gods clearly knowing the Vedas, the Vedaṅgas, the acquisition of knowledge, the Kalpas and the Itihāsas by He is the one who has attained the highest position, and who has attained the highest position.

On the thirteenth day of the bright fortnight of the month Mārgaśīrṣa of the thirty-first year of the increasingly victorious reign of the Lord <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>śrī</foreign></supplied> Paramabhaṭṭāraka and Mahārājādhirāja Mahābhavagupta, lord of Trikaliṅga (<foreign>tr̥kaliṅgādhipati</foreign>), the forehead ornament of the Soma dynasty (or lunar race), the great lord (<foreign>parameśvara</foreign>), a devout worshipper of Maheśvara (<foreign>paramamāheśvara</foreign>), i.e. Saṁvat 31 month Mārgaśīrṣa day 13, this charter co;prising three plates of copper was written by the clerk <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāyastha</foreign></supplied> Māhūka, son of Priyaṅkarāditya, who is attached to the <foreign>mahāsāndhivigraha</foreign> Rāṇaka Malladatta.

Having informed the <foreign>mahattama</foreign>, Puṇḍarīkākṣa accepted the royal edict promulgated by the king of Kosala and written in copper.

Written by Mādhava, son of Vāsu.

</div>

Orthographical peculiarities : the use of v for b; the use of the velar nasal ṅ instead of the anusvāra.

Object: grant of two villages to a Brahmin by the reigning king.

</div>

It was edited for the first time in 1876, in the <title>Indian Antiquary</title>, by Babu Rangalala Banerjea (see <bibl n="B"><ptr target="bib:Beames+Banerjea1876_01"/></bibl>). It was reedited then by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Fleet1894-1895_03"/><citedRange unit="entry">B</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">347-351</citedRange></bibl>. The actual place of preservation is unknown

<bibl n="S"><ptr target="bib:Shastri1995_02"/><citedRange unit="item">VIII</citedRange><citedRange unit="page">206-212</citedRange></bibl>

</listBibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>