SII 3.53: original edition by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch

Alternative title: “No. 53.—ON THE NORTH WALL OF THE MAHAMANDAPA IN THE BILVANATHESVARA TEMPLE.”

Author of digital edition: Emmanuel Francis (emfr).

Summary: This inscription consists of 21 lines and is dated in the 3rd year of the reign of Parakēsarivarman, alias Rājēndra-Chōḷadēva (I.). It records that the inhabitants of Vāṇapuram (ll. 9, 16 and 18), i.e. Tiruvallam,¹ sold 1,000 kuḻi of land to Sōmanātha (ll. 6, 16, 18 and 20), (the son of) Śaṁkaradēva (l. 5 f.), whose name has been already met with in an inscription of Rājarāja I. (No. 51). The same epithets, which precede the name of Śaṁkaradēva’s father Tiruvaiyaṉ in No. 51, are here prefixed to the name of Śaṁkaradēva (ll. 2 to 5), with nearly the same mistakes in spelling.² A further allusion to Sōmanātha’s descent from the Western Gaṅgas is contained in Gaṅgādēvimaṇali (l. 11), the name which he bestwed on the land purchased by him. Besides, Śaṁkaradēva and Sōmanātha claim to be connected with the Vaidumba family³ (l. 5).

I do not consider it worth while to publish the text of the second half of line 17 and of lines 18 to 21, which record that Sōmanātha assigned the land “to the Mahādēva temple of Tiru(vai)ya-Īśvara, which the members of our family have caused to be built on the southern side of the temple of Tiruvallam-uḍaiyār”⁴ (l. 18 f.), i.e. of the Bilvanāthēśvara temple, and that he granted 96 sheep for the maintenance of a lamp in the same temple (l. 20 f.). The temple of Tiruvaiya-Īśvara has been already mentioned in No. 51.

Language: Tamil (tam).

Version: 2025-09-30 18:28 (7b9d724), last modified 2025-09-21 23:36 (47c1dda).

Edition

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī [||] kopparakecaripaṉmarāna śrīrā(j)entra-
⟨2⟩ coḻadevaṟkku yāṇṭu 3(ṟā)vatu k(o)kuṇi-
⟨3⟩ taparamadhanmamah¿a?rājanipu(ṇila)-
⟨4⟩ (pu)ra(pa)rameśvaraśrīnā(ta)śrī(ma)t· śi-
⟨5⟩ (va)ma(h)ārāja(v)aiytumpa(ṉ) caṅka-
⟨6⟩ ratevaṉ comanātaṉeṉ (ja)ya(ṅko)-
⟨7⟩ ṇ(ṭa)coḻamaṇṭa(la)ttuppaṭu(vū)rk-
⟨8⟩ koṭṭattuppe(ru)mpāṇappā(ṭi)kka-
⟨9⟩ raivaḻi vāṇapurattu (Ū)rār pakka(l) yāṉ
⟨10⟩ vi⟨lai⟩ koṇṭu Iṟai Iḻicci yāṉuṭaiya
⟨11⟩ vi(ḷai)pūmi kaṅkātevimaṇalik(ku)kk¿i?ḻ-
⟨12⟩ pā(ṟ)kellai teṟ(ku) nokkippā(y)nta ma-
⟨13⟩ ṇa(li)kkālukku me(ṟ)ku [|] teṉ(p)āṟkke-
⟨14⟩ l(lai ta)ccāṉ (ku)ṇṭilukkuppāyn=ta ka-
⟨15⟩ ṇṇakkālukku vaṭakkum [|] me(l)⟨pāṟkel⟩lai taccar kuṇṭi(li)ṟkoḻukkut(tu)kkukkiḻakkum [|] vaṭapāṟkellai (ti)ruva(l)lamuṭaiyār ś⟨r⟩īpa(li)ppaṭṭikkuppāy(n=ta) vāy(k)kālu⟨kku⟩tteṟkkum [|]
⟨16⟩ (I)ṉnāṟpālellaiyuḷḷakappaṭṭa nilam Uṇ(ṇi)lamo(ḻivi)ṉṟippatiṉaṟucāṇ kolāṟkku(ḻi) Āyira⟨m⟩ Ikku⟨ḻi⟩ Ā(yi)⟨ra⟩ttukkum vāṇapurat(tu Ū)rom soma(n)ātar pakkal (vi)laidra-
⟨17⟩ vyamumiṟaidravyamu(m) Āvaṇakkaḷattey Aṟakkoṇṭu viṟṟu vilaiśrāvaṇai (sa)(r)vvapariyāramākacceytu kuṭuttom [|] [**********]

Apparatus

⟨2⟩ k(o)kuṇi⟨3⟩taparamadhanma° • Read koṃguṇivarmaparamadharma°.

⟨4⟩ śrīnā(ta)śrī(ma)t· śi⟨5⟩(va) • Read śrīnāthaśrīmacchiva.

Translation by Hultzsch 1899

(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! In the 3rd year (of the reign) of king Parakēsarivarman, alias Śrī-Rājēndra-Śōḻadēva,—I, Sōmanātha, (the son of) Ko[ṅg]uṇi[varman], the very righteous Mahārāja, the supreme lord of Nipuṇilapura,⁵ Śrīnātha, the glorious Śivamahārāja, the Vaidumba Śaṁkaradēva, purchased from the citizens of Vāṇapuram in Karaivaḻi, (a subdivision) of Perumbāṇappāḍi, (a division) of Paḍuvūr-kōṭṭam, (a district) of Jayaṅkoṇḍa-Śōḻa-maṇḍalam, the cultivated land (called) Gaṅgādēvimaṇali, which I possess free of taxes.

(L. 11.) The eastern boundary of (this land is) to the west of the Maṇalikkāl (channel), which flows to the south; the southern boundary (is) to the north of the Kaṇṇakkāl (channel), which flows to the piece (of land) of the carpenter; the western boundary (is) to the east of the Koḻukkuttu (?) in the piece (of land) of the carpenters; and the northern boundary (is) to the south of a channel which flows to the Śrībalipaṭṭi⁶ of (the god) Tiruvallamuḍaiyār.

(L. 16.) We, the citizens of Vāṇapuram, sold and gave by a deed of sale, with all exemptions, the land enclosed within these four boundaries, (which measures), not excluding the cultivated land,⁷ one thousand kuḻi by the rod of sixteen spans, having received from Sōmanātha the whole of the purchase-money and the tax-money, (due) for these one thousand kuḻi, at the very place of the sale . . . . . . . . . .

Bibliography

Digital edition of SII 3.53 by Hultzsch 1899 converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.

Primary

[SII] Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1899. South-Indian inscriptions. Volume III: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil country. Part I: Inscriptions at Ukkal, Melpadi, Karuvur, Manimangalam and Tiruvallam. South Indian Inscriptions 3.1. Madras: Government Press. Pages 107–109, item 53.

Notes

1. See above, p. 104, note 6.
2. Compare ibid. note 7.
3. See p. 106 above.
4. ti(ruval)la(mu)ṭaiy(ār) koyiliṉ teṉpakka(ttu) E(ṅ)kaḷ aṉṉuvayattār Eṭuppi{y}tta tiru(v)¿a?⟨ai⟩yaĪśvarattu mah¿a?⟨ā⟩devarkku.
5. This is a mistake for Kuvaḷālapura; see p. 99 above.
6. See above, p. 106, note 2.
7. See above, p. 104, note 4.

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<title>SII 3.53: original edition by Eugen Julius Theodor Hultzsch</title>

<title type="alt">No. 53.—ON THE NORTH WALL OF THE MAHAMANDAPA IN THE BILVANATHESVARA TEMPLE.</title>

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<p>This inscription consists of 21 lines and is dated in the 3rd year of the reign of <hi rend="bold">Parakēsarivarman</hi>, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Rājēndra-Chōḷadēva</hi> (I.). It records that the inhabitants of <hi rend="bold">Vāṇapuram</hi> (ll. 9, 16 and 18), <hi rend="italic">i.e.</hi> Tiruvallam,<note>See above, p. 104, note 6.</note> sold 1,000 <hi rend="italic">kuḻi</hi> of land to <hi rend="bold">Sōmanātha</hi> (ll. 6, 16, 18 and 20), (the son of) <hi rend="bold">Śaṁkaradēva</hi> (l. 5 f.), whose name has been already met with in an inscription of <hi rend="bold">Rājarāja</hi> I. (No. 51). The same epithets, which precede the name of Śaṁkaradēva's father <hi rend="bold">Tiruvaiyaṉ</hi> in No. 51, are here prefixed to the name of Śaṁkaradēva (ll. 2 to 5), with nearly the same mistakes in spelling.<note>Compare <hi rend="italic">ibid.</hi> note 7.</note> A further allusion to Sōmanātha's descent from the Western <hi rend="bold">Gaṅgas</hi> is contained in <hi rend="bold">Gaṅgādēvimaṇali</hi> (l. 11), the name which he bestwed on the land purchased by him. Besides, Śaṁkaradēva and Sōmanātha claim to be connected with the <hi rend="bold">Vaidumba</hi> family<note>See p. 106 above.</note> (l. 5).</p>

<p>I do not consider it worth while to publish the text of the second half of line 17 and of lines 18 to 21, which record that Sōmanātha assigned the land “to the <hi rend="bold">Mahādēva</hi> temple of <hi rend="bold">Tiru<unclear>vai</unclear>ya-Īśvara</hi>, which the members of our family have caused to be built on the southern side of the temple of <hi rend="bold">Tiruvallam-uḍaiyār</hi>”<note><foreign>ti<unclear>ruval</unclear>la<unclear>mu</unclear>ṭaiy<unclear>ār</unclear> koyiliṉ teṉpakka<unclear>ttu</unclear> E<unclear>ṅ</unclear>kaḷ aṉṉuvayattār Eṭuppi<surplus>y</surplus>tta tiru<unclear>v</unclear><choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ai</corr></choice>ya<hi rend="grantha">Īśva</hi>rattu <hi rend="grantha">mah<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice>de</hi>varkku</foreign>.</note> (l. 18 f.), <hi rend="italic">i.e.</hi> of the Bilvanāthēśvara temple, and that he granted 96 sheep for the maintenance of a lamp in the same temple (l. 20 f.). The temple of Tiruvaiya-Īśvara has been already mentioned in No. <ref target="DHARMA_INSSIIv03p0i0051">51</ref>.</p>

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<lb n="1"/><hi rend="grantha">svasti śrī</hi> <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="ddanda">.</g></supplied> <hi rend="grantha">ko</hi>pparakecaripaṉmarāna <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>rā<unclear>j</unclear>en<hi rend="grantha">tra</hi>

<lb n="2" break="no"/>coḻa<hi rend="grantha">de</hi>vaṟkku yāṇṭu 3<unclear>ṟā</unclear>vatu <hi rend="grantha">k<unclear>o</unclear>ku</hi>ṇi<hi rend="grantha"/>

<lb n="3" break="no"/>ta<hi rend="grantha">paramadhanmama</hi>h<choice><sic>a</sic><corr>ā</corr></choice><hi rend="grantha">rāja</hi>ni<hi rend="grantha">pu<unclear>ṇila</unclear></hi>

<lb n="4" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha"><unclear>pu</unclear>ra<unclear>pa</unclear>rameśvaraśrī</hi>nā<unclear>ta</unclear><hi rend="grantha">śrī<unclear>ma</unclear>t· śi</hi>

<lb n="5" break="no"/><unclear>va</unclear><hi rend="grantha">ma</hi><unclear>h</unclear>ā<hi rend="grantha">rāja</hi><unclear>v</unclear>aiytumpa<unclear>ṉ</unclear> caṅka

<lb n="6" break="no"/>ratevaṉ comanātaṉeṉ <hi rend="grantha"><unclear>ja</unclear></hi>ya<unclear>ṅko</unclear>

<lb n="7" break="no"/>ṇ<unclear>ṭa</unclear>coḻamaṇṭa<unclear>la</unclear>ttuppaṭu<unclear>vū</unclear>rk

<lb n="8" break="no"/>koṭṭattuppe<unclear>ru</unclear>mpāṇappā<unclear>ṭi</unclear>kka

<lb n="9" break="no"/>raivaḻi vāṇapurattu <unclear>Ū</unclear>rār pakka<unclear>l</unclear> yāṉ

<lb n="10"/>vi<supplied reason="omitted">lai</supplied> koṇṭu Iṟai Iḻicci yāṉuṭaiya

<lb n="11"/>vi<unclear>ḷai</unclear>pūmi kaṅkātevimaṇalik<unclear>ku</unclear>kk<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>ī</corr></choice>ḻ

<lb n="12" break="no"/>pā<unclear>ṟ</unclear>kellai teṟ<unclear>ku</unclear> nokkippā<unclear>y</unclear>nta ma

<lb n="13" break="no"/>ṇa<unclear>li</unclear>kkālukku me<unclear>ṟ</unclear>ku <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="danda">.</g></supplied> teṉ<unclear>p</unclear>āṟkke

<lb n="14" break="no"/>l<unclear>lai ta</unclear>ccāṉ <unclear>ku</unclear>ṇṭilukkuppāyn=ta ka

<lb n="15" break="no"/>ṇṇakkālukku vaṭakkum <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="danda">.</g></supplied> me<unclear>l</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">pāṟkel</supplied>lai taccar kuṇṭi<unclear>li</unclear>ṟkoḻukkut<unclear>tu</unclear>kkukkiḻakkum <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="danda">.</g></supplied> vaṭapāṟkellai <unclear>ti</unclear>ruva<unclear>l</unclear>lamuṭaiyār <hi rend="grantha">ś<supplied reason="omitted">r</supplied>ī</hi>pa<unclear>li</unclear>ppaṭṭikkuppāy<unclear>n=ta</unclear> vāy<unclear>k</unclear>kālu<supplied reason="omitted">kku</supplied>tteṟkkum <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="danda">.</g></supplied>

<lb n="16"/><unclear>I</unclear>ṉnāṟpālellaiyuḷḷakappaṭṭa nilam Uṇ<unclear>ṇi</unclear>lamo<unclear>ḻivi</unclear>ṉṟippatiṉaṟucāṇ kolāṟkku<unclear>ḻi</unclear> Āyira<supplied reason="omitted">m</supplied> Ikku<supplied reason="omitted">ḻi</supplied> Ā<unclear>yi</unclear><supplied reason="omitted">ra</supplied>ttukkum vāṇapurat<unclear>tu Ū</unclear>rom <hi rend="grantha">soma</hi><unclear>n</unclear>ātar pakkal <unclear>vi</unclear>lai<hi rend="grantha">dra</hi>

<lb n="17" break="no"/><hi rend="grantha">vya</hi>mumiṟai<hi rend="grantha">dravya</hi>mu<unclear>m</unclear> Āvaṇakkaḷattey Aṟakkoṇṭu viṟṟu vilai<hi rend="grantha">śrā</hi>vaṇai <hi rend="grantha"><unclear>sa</unclear><unclear>r</unclear>vvapari</hi>yāramākacceytu kuṭuttom <supplied reason="undefined"><g type="danda">.</g></supplied> <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/>

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<lem><hi rend="grantha">k<unclear>o</unclear>ku</hi>ṇi<hi rend="grantha"/><lb n="3" break="no"/>ta<hi rend="grantha">paramadhanma</hi>°</lem>

<note>Read <foreign><hi rend="grantha">koṃgu</hi>ṇiva<hi rend="grantha">rmaparamadharma</hi>°</foreign>.</note>

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<note>Read <foreign><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>nā<hi rend="grantha">thaśrīmacchi</hi>va</foreign>.</note></app>

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<p>(Line 1.) Hail ! Prosperity ! In the 3rd year (<hi rend="italic">of the reign</hi>) of king <hi rend="bold">Parakēsarivarman</hi>, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> <hi rend="bold">Śrī-Rājēndra-Śōḻadēva</hi>,—I, <hi rend="bold">Sōmanātha</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">the son of</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Ko[ṅg]uṇi[varman]</hi>, the very righteous <hi rend="italic">Mahārāja</hi>, the supreme lord of <hi rend="bold">Nipuṇilapura,<note>This is a mistake for Kuvaḷālapura; see p. 99 above.</note> Śrīnātha</hi>, the glorious <hi rend="bold">Śivamahārāja</hi>, the <hi rend="bold">Vaidumba Śaṁkaradēva</hi>, purchased from the citizens of <hi rend="bold">Vāṇapuram</hi> in <hi rend="bold">Karaivaḻi</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">a subdivision</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Perumbāṇappāḍi</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">a division</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Paḍuvūr-kōṭṭam</hi>, (<hi rend="italic">a district</hi>) of <hi rend="bold">Jayaṅkoṇḍa-Śōḻa-maṇḍalam</hi>, the cultivated land (<hi rend="italic">called</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Gaṅgādēvimaṇali</hi>, which I possess free of taxes.</p>

<p>(L. 11.) The eastern boundary of (<hi rend="italic">this land is</hi>) to the west of the <hi rend="italic">Maṇalikkāl</hi> (channel), which flows to the south; the southern boundary (<hi rend="italic">is</hi>) to the north of the <hi rend="italic">Kaṇṇakkāl</hi> (channel), which flows to the piece (<hi rend="italic">of land</hi>) of the carpenter; the western boundary (<hi rend="italic">is</hi>) to the east of the <hi rend="italic">Koḻukkuttu</hi> (?) in the piece (<hi rend="italic">of land</hi>) of the carpenters; and the northern boundary (<hi rend="italic">is</hi>) to the south of a channel which flows to the <hi rend="italic">Śrībalipaṭṭi</hi><note>See above, p. 106, note 2.</note> of (<hi rend="italic">the god</hi>) <hi rend="bold">Tiruvallamuḍaiyār</hi>.</p>

<p>(L. 16.) We, the citizens of <hi rend="bold">Vāṇapuram</hi>, sold and gave by a deed of sale, with all exemptions, the land enclosed within these four boundaries, (<hi rend="italic">which measures</hi>), not excluding the cultivated land,<note>See above, p. 104, note 4.</note> one thousand <hi rend="italic">kuḻi</hi> by the rod of sixteen spans, having received from <hi rend="bold">Sōmanātha</hi> the whole of the purchase-money and the tax-money, (<hi rend="italic">due</hi>) for these one thousand <hi rend="italic">kuḻi</hi>, at the very place of the sale . . . . . . . . . .</p>

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<p>Digital edition of SII 3.53 by <bibl><ptr target="bib:Hultzsch1899_01"/></bibl> converted to DHARMA conventions by Emmanuel Francis.</p>

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