Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, Ādhipurīśvara, time of Rājakesarivarman Rājādhirāja Cōḻa, year 9

Editors: Renato Dávalos, Emmanuel Francis.

Identifier: DHARMA_INSSII0501358.

Summary: Land-purchase for donation.

Hand description:

No distinction between e and ē, nor between o and ō.

Languages: Sanskrit, Tamil.

Repository: South Indian Inscriptions (tfa-sii-epigraphy).

Version: 2024-12-18 14:17 (ba872b0), last modified 2024-08-11 23:17 (1e95219).

⟨1⟩ svasti śrī

I. Anuṣṭubh

vyakr(ī)ṇāc chata-viṃśati

kāśais somasya vṛṣalasya

vaṭuka-mah[4+]

[5+] [vā]reśa(ḥ) ⁋

kō-v-irācakecari-paṉmar-āṉa tribhuvaṉa-c-cakkaravart(ti)kaḷ śrī-rājādhirāja-devarkku yāṇṭu Oṉpat-āvatu

jayaṅ-koṇṭacōḻa-maṇṭalattu-p puḻaṟ-kōṭṭattu ⟨2⟩ Uṭaiyār tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-uṭaiyār kōyilil

maṭam-uṭaiya caturāṉaṉa-paṇṭitaṉum
śrīmāhe[10+]ṭāṉum
śrī-kā(ri)yam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭaṉum
cōmacittāntam vakkāṇikkum vāgīśvara-paṇṭitaṉum
kālum piṭāruñ ceyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭala-piṭā(ra)ṉu⟨3⟩n
tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p piccaṉuṅ
kōyil nāyakam paṭampakka-nāyaka-paṭṭaṉum
kōyiṟ-kaṇakku-t tiru[4+]

[tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-u]ṭ[ai]yār tiru-p-paṅk¡ū!⟨u⟩ṉi-y-utt¡i!⟨a⟩rattu Āṟān tirunāḷ-āṉa putaṉ-kiḻamai(yu)m Ēkātaciyum peṟṟa Āyil¡ai!⟨i⟩yatti ṉ(ā)ṉṟu

paṭampakka-nāyaka-tēvar tirumakiḻiṉ kīṭ tiruvōlakkañ ceyt’ eḻuntaru⟨4⟩ḷi y-iruntu Āḷuṭaiya-nampi śrī-purāṇaṅ kēṭṭ’ aruḷā niṟka
Uṭaiyār tēvatāṉam vaṭuka-p perum-pāk=kattu-k= kāṇi [10+] y-eṉṟu viṇṇappañ ceyya
namm-¡u!⟨ū⟩rkaḷil I(ra)ṇaiyūr Amuta(ṅ) kiḻavaṉ periyāṉ cōmaṉuk=ku-t taṇṭ¡i!⟨ī⟩caṉ vilai-y-āka viṟṟu-k kāṇi-y-āka-k koṭukka v-eṉṟu tiruvāymoḻi⟨5⟩ntaruḷa

Iva¡n!⟨ṉ⟩ukkum ivaṉ vaṃśattārkkum viṟṟoṟṟi-pr¿i?⟨a⟩tikrayattukk’ uritt’ āvat’ āka viṟṟu-k koṭuttōm

Ip-paṭikku Ivai ma⟨6⟩ṭam-uṭaiya caturā¡nan!⟨ṉaṉ⟩a-paṇṭitaṉ Eḻuttu ⁋
Ip-paṭikku Ivai tiru-vīti-vēyiṭaṅ-koṇṭāṉ Eḻuttu ⁋
[śrī-kāriyam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭa]ṉ Eḻuttu ⁋
Ip-paṭikku Ivai cōma-cittāntam vakkāṇikkum vāgīśvara-paṇṭitaṉ Eḻuttu ⁋
Ip-paṭikku Ivai kālum piṭārañ ceyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭala-piṭāraṉ Eḻuttu ⁋
Ip-paṭi-k⟨7⟩ku Ivai tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p piccaṉ Eḻuttu ⁋
Ip-paṭikku Ivai kōyil nāyakam paṭampakka-nāyaka-paṭṭaṉ Eḻuttu ⁋
[10+](ṉ U)ṟavākkiṉāṉ Eḻuttu ⁋

Apparatus

⟨1⟩ vyakr(ī)ṇāc ⬦ vyakrīṇāc SII • Probably hidden by cement between blocks. — ⟨1⟩ [vā]reśa(ḥ) ⬦ [3+]raśaḥ SII • The medial e is clear on the photographic documentation. See vāreśaś caturānano in SII 5, no. 1360.

⟨2⟩ śrīmāhe[10+]ṭāṉum ⬦ SII • The lacuna here can be filled in, at least partially, from tiruvītivēyiṭaṅkoṇṭāṉ (line 6).

⟨3⟩ tiruvoṟṟiyūrp piccaṉuṅ ⬦ tiruvoṟṟiyūr(p) piccaṉuṅ SII. — ⟨3⟩ tiru[4+] [tiruvoṟṟiyūru]ṭ[ai]yār ⬦ tiru[10+]ṭayār SII • The remaining gap might have contained the personal name of the temple accountant, unless the restoration voṟṟiyūru fills up entirely the gap, which seems unlikely since we miss 9 syllables in line 1 to make the anuṣṭubh complete. — ⟨3⟩ ṉ(ā)ṉṟu ⬦ ṉaṉṟu SII. — ⟨3⟩ kīṭ ⬦ kiṭ SII • This is possibly to be emended to kīḻ. — ⟨3⟩ kēṭṭ’ aruḷā ⬦ keṭṭaruḷā SII.

⟨4⟩ kāṇiyākak ⬦ kāṇiyākaka SII.

⟨5⟩ nūṟṟ’ irupatum ⬦ nūṟṟiru(pa)tum SII. — ⟨5⟩ Ivv[iraṇaiyūr amutaṅ ki]ḻavaṉ periyāṉ ⬦ Ivva [10+] ḻavaṉ SII • See I(ra)ṇaiyūr Amuta(ṅ) kiḻavaṉ periyāṉ (line 4). — ⟨5⟩ pr¿i?⟨a⟩tikrayattukk’ uritt’ āvat’ āka ⬦ pritikrayattuk kurittāvatāka SII • See pratikraya in other inscriptions from Tiruvoṟṟiyūr itself.

⟨6⟩ tiruvīti° ⬦ tiruviti° SII. — ⟨6⟩ [śrīkāriyam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭa]ṉ ⬦ [11+]ṉ Eḻuttu SII • The lacuna here can be filled in from śrīkā(ri)yam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭaṉum (line 2).

Translation by Renato Dávalos and Emmanuel Francis

(1) Prosperity! Fortune!

I

The committee chief (vāreśa) […] bought (vyakrīṇāt) for one hundred twenty gold coins (kāśais¹) [a land in] Vaṭukamah[…]² from the student (vṛṣala) Soma.

(1) Ninth year of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious king Rājādhirāja, alias the king Rājakesarivarman.

(1–5) In the temple of the Lord, the Lord of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr (tiruvoṟṟiyūr-uṭaiyār), in the Puḻaṟkōṭṭam within the Jayaṅkoṇṭacōlamaṇṭalam,

Cāturāṉaṉa Paṇḍita, the head of the maṭha (maṭam-uṭaiyār³),
the glorious […] (śrī-māhe…ṭāṉum),
Ariyapirāṉ Paṭṭaṉ, supervisor of temple affairs (śrī-kāryam),
Vāgīśvara Paṇḍita, expounder of (vakkāṇikkum) the cōmacittāntam⁴,
Kālum Piṭārum Ceyaṅkoṇṭacōḻamaṇṭalapiṭāraṉ⁵,
Tiruvoṟṟiyūr Piccaṉ,
Paṭampakkanāyakapaṭṭaṉ⁶, the kōyil nāyakam⁷,
the temple accountant (kōyil kāṇakku) […],

[these people⁸,]

while, at the time (nāṉṟu) of āyiliyam⁹, which coincides with (peṟṟa¹⁰) a Wednesday and the eleventh day (ēkātāci¹¹), that is, the sixth day of the holy festival of Paṅkuṉi of the Lord of [Tiruvoṟṟiyūr] […],holding a glorious assembly (tiruvōlakkañ ceytu) to the east (kīṭ¹²) of the holy makiḻ tree [of the temple?] of Paṭampakkanāyakam¹³, graciously appearing and sitting (eḻuntaruḷi yiruntu), they were graciously keeping listening (kēṭṭu aruḷā niṟka) to [the recitation] of the Śrīpurāṇam of Āḷuṭaiya Nampi¹⁴,
whereas they made a petition (viṇṇappañ ceyya) asking (eṉṟu) that a landed property (kāṇi) in Vaṭukapperumpākkam, a devadāna of this Lord, [should be given],
whereas Amutaṅ Kiḻavaṉ Periyāṉ of Iraṇaiyūr, [one] among our villages, graciously uttered (tiruvāymoḻintaruḷa) thus: “Let it be [thus] given as a landed property (kāṇi) after purchasing it as a price [got from] Taṇṭīcaṉ¹⁵ for Cōmaṉ!”,

having taken (koṇṭu) ... (oṭukku) from the temple treasury (paṇṭārattu) one hundred twenty current coins (aṉṟāṭu naṟ-kācu) as the price for the landed property for this village, let it be that this [Amutaṅ Ki]ḻavaṉ Periyāṉ [of Iraṇaiyūr] should pay taxes (iṟai iṟukkavum) in the temple treasury for Cōmaṉ.

(5) We made a donation after purchasing so that there be possession (urittu?) of a sale-deed (pratikrayattukku?), ... (viṟṟoṟṟu), for him and those in his lineage.

(5–7)

In this manner, this is the signature [of] Caturānana Paṇḍita, the head of the maṭha.
In this manner, this is the signature [of] Tiruvītivēyiṭaṅkoṇṭāṉ.
In this manner, this is the signature [of] [Ariyapirāṉ Paṭṭaṉ, supervisor of temple affairs].
In this manner, this is the signature [of] Vāgīśvara Paṇḍita, expounder of the cōmacittāntam.
In this manner, this is the signature [of] Kālum Piṭārum Ceyaṅkoṇṭacōḻamaṇṭalapiṭāraṉ.
In this manner, this is the signature [of] Tiruvoṟṟiyūr Piccaṉ.
In this manner, this is the signature [of] Paṭampakkanāyakapaṭṭaṉ, the kōyil nāyakam.
In this manner, this is the signature [of] ... Uṟuvākkiṉāṉ.

Commentary

This inscription is engraved on the east wall of the second prākāra: its left portion is presently inside the maṇḍapa added later in front of the second prākāra; the next portion is covered by the south wall of the maṇḍapa added later in front of the second prākāra; the right portion is outside on the open air, as this portion of the east wall of the second prākāra is not encompassed in the maṇḍapa added later in front of the second prākāra.

Bibliography

Reported in Hultzsch 1897 (ARIE/1896-1897/A/1896/403).

Edited in Krishna Sastri 1925 (SII 5.1358).

Partially edited online by துரை. சுந்தரம் in கொங்கு கல்வெட்டு ஆய்வு (accessed 2024-02-15).

This revised edition by Renato Davalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024) based on photos (E. Francis, 2019; E. Francis, 2024).

Primary

[SII] Krishna Sastri, H. 1925. South-Indian inscriptions (texts). Volume V: Miscellaneous inscriptions from the Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada countries. South Indian Inscriptions 5. Madras: Government Press. Page 494, item 1358.

Secondary

Hultzsch, Eugen Julius Theodor. 1897. G.O., &c., Nos. 1062, 1063, 10th August 1897. Epigraphy. Reviewing the annual report of the Government Epigraphist for 1896-97 and forwarding copy to the Government of India. Madras: Government of Madras, Public Department. Page 5, appendix A/1896, item 403.

Folk, Michelle L. 2013. “Ascetics, Devotees, Disciples and Lords of the Maṭam: Monasteries in Medieval Tamilnadu.” Ph.D. Thesis, Concordia University. Montreal. [URL].

Veluppillai, Uthaya. 2013. “Cikāḻi : hymnes, héros, histoire. Rayonnement d’un lieu saint shivaïte au Pays Tamoul.” These de doctorat, Paris 3. Paris. [URL].

Notes

1. Sanskrit kāśa is used here as equivalent to Tamil kācu.
2. Obviously the rendering in Sanskrit of the village name Vaṭukapperumpākkam mentioned in the Tamil portion of this inscription.
3. For the various responsibilities that the maṭamuṭaiyār could have had see Folk 2013, p. 74ff..
4. That is, Somasiddhānta, the doctrine of the Kapālikas, which would mean that we are dealing with a transaction made by such group, further supported by the fact that the seller has the initiatory name Cōmaṉ/Soma, one of the markers of the Kapālika communities.
5. The term piṭāraṉ may here mean simply spiritual preceptor.
6. That is, the priest (paṭṭaṉ) of the temple of Paṭampakkanāyakam?
7. That is, temple officer or chief trustee.
8. These eight persons reappear as signatories, in the same order, at the end of the record, which helps restoring the lacunae here above and there below.
9. That is, Sanskrit āśleṣa, the 9th nakṣatra.
10. Literally, "which got".
11. That is, Sanskrit ekādaśī, the 11th tithi (lunar day).
12. That is, kīḻ?
13. This was later named the shrine of god Gaulīśa, which pertains to the Śaiva Atimārga I of Lakulīśa [add reference!].
14. That is, Cuntarar, according to Folk 2013, p. 39, n. 36. Contra, see Veluppillai 2013, p. 164, n. 55.
15. That is, Caṇḍeśa.

Display Options Word Wrap Line Numbers Comments Processing Instructions

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_Schema.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/erc-dharma/project-documentation/master/schema/latest/DHARMA_SQF.sch" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?>

<?xml-model href="https://epidoc.stoa.org/schema/latest/tei-epidoc.rng" schematypens="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/schematron"?>

<title>Tiruvoṟṟiyūr, Ādhipurīśvara, time of Rājakesarivarman Rājādhirāja Cōḻa, year 9</title>

<resp>EpiDoc encoding</resp>

<forename>Renato</forename>

<surname>Dávalos</surname>

</persName>

<forename>Emmanuel</forename>

<surname>Francis</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

<resp>intellectual authorship of edition</resp>

<forename>Renato</forename>

<surname>Dávalos</surname>

</persName>

<forename>Emmanuel</forename>

<surname>Francis</surname>

</persName>

</respStmt>

</titleStmt>

<authority>DHARMA</authority>

<pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>

<idno type="filename">DHARMA_INSSII0501358</idno>

<p>This work is licenced under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported

Licence. To view a copy of the licence, visit

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ or send a letter to

Creative Commons, 444 Castro Street, Suite 900, Mountain View,

California, 94041, USA.</p>

</licence>

</availability>

</publicationStmt>

<repository>DHARMAbase</repository>

<idno/>

</msIdentifier>

<summary>Land-purchase for donation.</summary>

</msContents>

<p>No distinction between <foreign>e</foreign> and <foreign>ē</foreign>, nor between <foreign>o</foreign> and <foreign>ō</foreign>.</p>

</handDesc>

</physDesc>

</msDesc>

</sourceDesc>

</fileDesc>

<p>The project DHARMA has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)

under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant

agreement no 809994).</p>

</projectDesc>

<p>Public URIs with the prefix bib to point to a Zotero Group Library named

ERC-DHARMA whose data are open to the public.</p>

</prefixDef>

<p>Internal URIs using the part prefix to point to person elements in the

<ref>DHARMA_IdListMembers_v01.xml</ref> file.</p>

</prefixDef>

</listPrefixDef>

</encodingDesc>

<change who="part:reda" when="2024-02-08" status="draft">Creation of the file</change>

</revisionDesc>

</teiHeader>

<body>

<lb n="1"/>svasti śrī

</ab>

<l n="a">vyakr<unclear>ī</unclear>ṇāc chata-viṃśati</l>

<l n="b">kāśais somasya vṛṣalasya</l>

<l n="c">vaṭuka-mah<gap reason="lost" quantity="4" unit="character"/></l>

</lg>

<p>

kō-v-i<hi rend="grantha">rā</hi>cakecari-paṉmar-āṉa <hi rend="grantha">tribhu</hi>vaṉa-c-cakkaravart<unclear>ti</unclear>kaḷ <hi rend="grantha">śrī-rājādhirāja-de</hi>varkku yāṇṭu Oṉpat-āvatu

</p>

<p>

<hi rend="grantha">ja</hi>yaṅ-koṇṭacōḻa-maṇṭalattu-p puḻaṟ-kōṭṭattu

<lb n="2"/>Uṭaiyār tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-uṭaiyār kōyilil

<list>

<item>maṭam-uṭaiya caturāṉaṉa-paṇṭitaṉum</item>

<item><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>mā<hi rend="grantha">he</hi><gap unit="character" quantity="10" reason="lost"/>ṭāṉum</item>

<item><hi rend="grantha">śrī-</hi>kā<unclear>ri</unclear>yam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭaṉum</item>

<item>cōmacittāntam vakkāṇikkum vā<hi rend="grantha">gīśvara</hi>-paṇṭitaṉum</item>

<item>kālum piṭāruñ ceyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭala-piṭā<unclear>ra</unclear>ṉu

<item>tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p piccaṉuṅ</item>

<item>kōyil nāyakam paṭampakka-nāyaka-paṭṭaṉum</item>

<item>kōyiṟ-kaṇakku-t tiru<gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="4"/></item>

</list>

<supplied reason="lost">tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-u</supplied>ṭ<supplied reason="lost">ai</supplied>yār tiru-p-paṅk<choice><orig>ū</orig><reg>u</reg></choice>ṉi-y-utt<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>a</reg></choice>rattu Āṟān tirunāḷ-āṉa putaṉ-kiḻamai<unclear>yu</unclear>m Ēkātaciyum peṟṟa Āyil<choice><orig>ai</orig><reg>i</reg></choice>yatti ṉ<unclear>ā</unclear>ṉṟu

<list>

<item>paṭampakka-nāyaka-tēvar tirumakiḻiṉ kīṭ tiruvōlakkañ ceyt' eḻuntaru

<lb n="4" break="no"/>ḷi y-iruntu Āḷuṭaiya-nampi <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-purāṇaṅ kēṭṭ’ aruḷā niṟka</item>

<item>Uṭaiyār tēvatāṉam vaṭuka-p perum-pāk=kattu-k= kāṇi <gap quantity="10" unit="character" reason="lost"/> y-eṉṟu viṇṇappañ ceyya</item>

<item>namm-<choice><orig>u</orig><reg>ū</reg></choice>rkaḷil I<unclear>ra</unclear>ṇaiyūr Amuta<unclear>ṅ</unclear> kiḻavaṉ periyāṉ cōmaṉuk=ku-t taṇṭ<choice><orig>i</orig><reg>ī</reg></choice>caṉ vilai-y-āka viṟṟu-k kāṇi-y-āka-k koṭukka v-eṉṟu tiruvāymoḻi

<lb n="5" break="no"/>ntaruḷa</item>

</list>

Ivv-ūrkku-k kāṇi-vilai Aṉṟāṭu naṟ-kācu nūṟṟ’ irupatum <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-paṇṭāratt' oṭukku-k koṇṭu

Ivv-<supplied reason="lost">iraṇaiyūr amutaṅ ki</supplied>ḻavaṉ periyāṉ cōma<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>ukku <hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-paṇṭāratt' iṟai y-iṟukkavum

</p>

<p>

Iva<choice><orig>n</orig><reg>ṉ</reg></choice>ukkum ivaṉ va<hi rend="grantha">ṃśa</hi>ttārkkum viṟṟoṟṟi-<hi rend="grantha">pr<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice></hi>ti<hi rend="grantha">kra</hi>yattukk' uritt’ āvat’ āka viṟṟu-k koṭuttōm

</p>

<p>

<list>

<item>Ip-paṭikku Ivai ma

<lb n="6" break="no"/>ṭam-uṭaiya caturā<choice><orig>nan</orig><reg>ṉaṉ</reg></choice>a-paṇṭitaṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g></item>

<item>Ip-paṭikku Ivai tiru-vīti-vēyiṭaṅ-koṇṭāṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g></item>

<item><supplied reason="lost"><hi rend="grantha">śrī-</hi>kāriyam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭa</supplied>ṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g></item>

<item>Ip-paṭikku Ivai cōma-cittāntam vakkāṇikkum vā<hi rend="grantha">gīśva</hi>ra-paṇṭitaṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g></item>

<item>Ip-paṭikku Ivai kālum piṭārañ ceyaṅ-koṇṭa-cōḻa-maṇṭala-piṭāraṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g></item>

<item>Ip-paṭi-k<lb n="7" break="no"/>ku Ivai tiru-v-oṟṟiyūr-p piccaṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g></item>

<item>Ip-paṭikku Ivai kōyil nāyakam paṭampakka-nāyaka-paṭṭaṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g></item>

<item><gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="10"/><unclear>ṉ U</unclear>ṟavākkiṉāṉ Eḻuttu <g type="gomutraFinal">.</g></item>

</list>

</p>

</div>

<lem>vyakr<unclear>ī</unclear>ṇāc</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">vyakrīṇāc</rdg>

<note>Probably hidden by cement between blocks.</note>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01"><gap reason="lost" quantity="3" unit="character"/>raśaḥ</rdg>

<note>The medial <foreign>e</foreign> is clear on the photographic documentation. See <foreign>vāreśaś caturānano</foreign> in SII 5, no. 1360.</note>

</app>

<lem><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>mā<hi rend="grantha">he</hi><gap unit="character" quantity="10" reason="lost"/>ṭāṉum</lem>

<note>The lacuna here can be filled in, at least partially, from <foreign>tiruvītivēyiṭaṅkoṇṭāṉ</foreign> (line 6).</note>

</app>

<lem>tiruvoṟṟiyūrp piccaṉuṅ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">tiruvoṟṟiyūr<unclear>p</unclear> piccaṉuṅ</rdg>

</app>

<lem>tiru<gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="4"/> <supplied reason="lost">tiruvoṟṟiyūru</supplied>ṭ<supplied reason="lost">ai</supplied>yār</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">tiru<gap reason="lost" unit="character" quantity="10"/>ṭayār</rdg>

<note>The remaining gap might have contained the personal name of the temple accountant, unless the restoration <foreign>voṟṟiyūru</foreign> fills up entirely the gap, which seems unlikely since we miss 9 syllables in line 1 to make the <foreign>anuṣṭubh</foreign> complete.</note>

</app>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">ṉaṉṟu</rdg>

</app>

<note>This is possibly to be emended to <foreign>kīḻ</foreign>.</note>

</app>

<lem>kēṭṭ’ aruḷā</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">keṭṭaruḷā</rdg>

</app>

<lem>kāṇiyākak</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">kāṇiyākaka</rdg>

</app>

<lem>nūṟṟ’ irupatum</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">nūṟṟiru<unclear>pa</unclear>tum</rdg>

</app>

<lem>Ivv<supplied reason="lost">iraṇaiyūr amutaṅ ki</supplied>ḻavaṉ periyāṉ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">Ivva <gap reason="lost" quantity="10" unit="character"/> ḻavaṉ</rdg>

<note>See <foreign>I<unclear>ra</unclear>ṇaiyūr Amuta<unclear>ṅ</unclear> kiḻavaṉ periyāṉ</foreign> (line 4).</note>

</app>

<lem><hi rend="grantha">pr<choice><sic>i</sic><corr>a</corr></choice></hi>ti<hi rend="grantha">kra</hi>yattukk' uritt' āvat' āka</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01"><hi rend="grantha">pri</hi>ti<hi rend="grantha">kra</hi>yattuk kurittāvatāka</rdg>

<note>See <foreign><hi rend="grantha">pra</hi>ti<hi rend="grantha">kra</hi>ya</foreign> in other inscriptions from Tiruvoṟṟiyūr itself.</note>

</app>

<lem>tiruvīti°</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01">tiruviti°</rdg>

</app>

<lem><supplied reason="lost"><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>kāriyam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭa</supplied>ṉ</lem>

<rdg source="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01"><gap reason="lost" quantity="11" unit="character"/>ṉ Eḻuttu</rdg>

<note>The lacuna here can be filled in from <foreign><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>kā<unclear>ri</unclear>yam Ariyapirāṉ paṭṭaṉum</foreign> (line 2).</note>

</app>

</listApp>

</div>

Prosperity! Fortune!

</p>

The committee chief <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vāreśa</foreign></supplied> <gap reason="lost"/> bought <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vyakrīṇāt</foreign></supplied> for one hundred twenty gold coins <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāśais</foreign><note>Sanskrit <foreign>kāśa</foreign> is used here as equivalent to Tamil <foreign>kācu</foreign>.</note></supplied> <supplied reason="lost">a land in</supplied> Vaṭukamah<gap reason="lost"/><note>Obviously the rendering in Sanskrit of the village name Vaṭukapperumpākkam mentioned in the Tamil portion of this inscription.</note> from the student <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vṛṣala</foreign></supplied> Soma.

</p>

Ninth year of the emperor of the three worlds, the glorious king Rājādhirāja, <hi rend="italic">alias</hi> the king Rājakesarivarman.

</p>

In the temple of the Lord, the Lord of Tiruvoṟṟiyūr <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruvoṟṟiyūr-uṭaiyār</foreign></supplied>, in the Puḻaṟkōṭṭam within the Jayaṅkoṇṭacōlamaṇṭalam,

<list>

<item>Cāturāṉaṉa Paṇḍita, the head of the <foreign>maṭha</foreign> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>maṭam-uṭaiyār</foreign><note>For the various responsibilities that the <foreign>maṭamuṭaiyār</foreign> could have had see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Folk2013_01"/><citedRange unit="page">74ff.</citedRange></bibl>.</note></supplied>,</item>

<item>the glorious <gap reason="lost"/> <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-mā<hi rend="grantha">he</hi><gap reason="ellipsis"/>ṭāṉum</foreign></supplied>,</item>

<item>Ariyapirāṉ Paṭṭaṉ, supervisor of temple affairs <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign><hi rend="grantha">śrī</hi>-kāryam</foreign></supplied>,</item>

<item>Vāgīśvara Paṇḍita, expounder of <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>vakkāṇikkum</foreign></supplied> the <foreign>cōmacittāntam</foreign><note>That is, Somasiddhānta, the doctrine of the Kapālikas, which would mean that we are dealing with a transaction made by such group, further supported by the fact that the seller has the initiatory name Cōmaṉ/Soma, one of the markers of the Kapālika communities.</note>,</item>

<item>Kālum Piṭārum Ceyaṅkoṇṭacōḻamaṇṭalapiṭāraṉ<note>The term <foreign>piṭāraṉ</foreign> may here mean simply spiritual preceptor.</note>,</item>

<item>Tiruvoṟṟiyūr Piccaṉ,</item>

<item>Paṭampakkanāyakapaṭṭaṉ<note>That is, the priest <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṭṭaṉ</foreign></supplied> of the temple of Paṭampakkanāyakam?</note>, the <foreign>kōyil nāyakam</foreign><note>That is, temple officer or chief trustee.</note>,</item>

<item>the temple accountant <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kōyil kāṇakku</foreign></supplied> <gap reason="lost"/>,</item>

</list>

<supplied reason="subaudible">these people<note>These eight persons reappear as signatories, in the same order, at the end of the record, which helps restoring the lacunae here above and there below.</note>,</supplied>

<list>

<item>while, at the time <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>nāṉṟu</foreign></supplied> of <foreign>āyiliyam</foreign><note>That is, Sanskrit <foreign>āśleṣa</foreign>, the 9th <foreign>nakṣatra</foreign>.</note>, which coincides with <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>peṟṟa</foreign><note>Literally, "which got".</note></supplied> a Wednesday and the eleventh day <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>ēkātāci</foreign><note>That is, Sanskrit <foreign>ekādaśī</foreign>, the 11th <foreign>tithi</foreign> (lunar day).</note></supplied>, that is, the sixth day of the holy festival of Paṅkuṉi of the Lord of <supplied reason="lost">Tiruvoṟṟiyūr</supplied> <gap reason="lost"/>,holding a glorious assembly <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruvōlakkañ ceytu</foreign></supplied> to the east <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kīṭ</foreign><note>That is, <foreign>kīḻ</foreign>?</note></supplied> of the holy <foreign>makiḻ</foreign> tree <supplied reason="subaudible">of the temple?</supplied> of Paṭampakkanāyakam<note>This was later named the shrine of god Gaulīśa, which pertains to the Śaiva Atimārga I of Lakulīśa [add reference!].</note>, graciously appearing and sitting <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>eḻuntaruḷi yiruntu</foreign></supplied>, they were graciously keeping listening <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kēṭṭu aruḷā niṟka</foreign></supplied> to <supplied reason="subaudible">the recitation</supplied> of the <foreign>Śrīpurāṇam</foreign> of Āḷuṭaiya Nampi<note>That is, Cuntarar, according to <bibl><ptr target="bib:Folk2013_01"/><citedRange unit="page">39</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">36</citedRange></bibl>. Contra, see <bibl><ptr target="bib:Veluppillai2013_01"/><citedRange unit="page">164</citedRange><citedRange unit="note">55</citedRange></bibl>.</note>,</item>

<item>whereas they made a petition <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṇṇappañ ceyya</foreign></supplied> asking <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>eṉṟu</foreign></supplied> that a landed property <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāṇi</foreign></supplied> in Vaṭukapperumpākkam, a <foreign>devadāna</foreign> of this Lord, <supplied reason="lost">should be given</supplied>,</item>

<item>whereas Amutaṅ Kiḻavaṉ Periyāṉ of Iraṇaiyūr, <supplied reason="subaudible">one</supplied> among our villages, graciously uttered <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruvāymoḻintaruḷa</foreign></supplied> thus: “Let it be <supplied reason="subaudible">thus</supplied> given as a landed property <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>kāṇi</foreign></supplied> after purchasing it as a price <supplied reason="subaudible">got from</supplied> Taṇṭīcaṉ<note>That is, Caṇḍeśa.</note> for Cōmaṉ!”,</item>

</list>

having taken <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>koṇṭu</foreign></supplied> ... <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>oṭukku</foreign></supplied> from the temple treasury <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>paṇṭārattu</foreign></supplied> one hundred twenty current coins <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>aṉṟāṭu naṟ-kācu</foreign></supplied> as the price for the landed property for this village,

let it be that this <supplied reason="lost">Amutaṅ Ki</supplied>ḻavaṉ Periyāṉ <supplied reason="lost">of Iraṇaiyūr</supplied> should pay taxes <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>iṟai iṟukkavum</foreign></supplied> in the temple treasury for Cōmaṉ.

</p>

We made a donation after purchasing so that there be possession <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>urittu</foreign>?</supplied> of a sale-deed <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign><hi rend="grantha">pra</hi>ti<hi rend="grantha">kra</hi>yattukku</foreign>?</supplied>, ... <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>viṟṟoṟṟu</foreign></supplied>, for him and those in his lineage.

</p>

<list>

<item>In this manner, this is the signature <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Caturānana Paṇḍita, the head of the <foreign>maṭha</foreign>.</item>

<item>In this manner, this is the signature <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Tiruvītivēyiṭaṅkoṇṭāṉ.</item>

<item>In this manner, this is the signature <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> <supplied reason="lost">Ariyapirāṉ Paṭṭaṉ, supervisor of temple affairs</supplied>.</item>

<item>In this manner, this is the signature <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Vāgīśvara Paṇḍita, expounder of the <foreign>cōmacittāntam</foreign>.</item>

<item>In this manner, this is the signature <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Kālum Piṭārum Ceyaṅkoṇṭacōḻamaṇṭalapiṭāraṉ.</item>

<item>In this manner, this is the signature <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Tiruvoṟṟiyūr Piccaṉ.</item>

<item>In this manner, this is the signature <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> Paṭampakkanāyakapaṭṭaṉ, the <foreign>kōyil nāyakam</foreign>.</item>

<item>In this manner, this is the signature <supplied reason="subaudible">of</supplied> ... Uṟuvākkiṉāṉ.</item>

</list>

</p>

</div>

<p>This inscription is engraved on the east wall of the second <foreign>prākāra</foreign>: its left portion is presently inside the <foreign>maṇḍapa</foreign> added later in front of the second <foreign>prākāra</foreign>; the next portion is covered by the south wall of the <foreign>maṇḍapa</foreign> added later in front of the second <foreign>prākāra</foreign>; the right portion is outside on the open air, as this portion of the east wall of the second <foreign>prākāra</foreign> is not encompassed in the <foreign>maṇḍapa</foreign> added later in front of the second <foreign>prākāra</foreign>.</p>

</div>

<p>Reported in <bibl><ptr target="bib:ARIE1896-1897"/></bibl> (ARIE/1896-1897/A/1896/403).</p>

<p>Edited in <bibl><ptr target="bib:KrishnaSastri1925_01"/></bibl> (SII 5.1358).</p>

<p>Partially edited online by துரை. சுந்தரம் in <ref target="https://kongukalvettuaayvu.blogspot.com/2020/04/2020.html">கொங்கு கல்வெட்டு ஆய்வு</ref> (accessed 2024-02-15).</p>

<p>This revised edition by Renato Davalos and Emmanuel Francis (2024) based on photos (E. Francis, 2019; E. Francis, 2024).</p>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

<bibl>

</bibl>

</listBibl>

</div>

</body>

</text>

</TEI>

<!--

METADATA:

On the east wall of the second prākāra of the same temple, left of entrance <note>Another common term to refer to the Kāpālikas, followers of Atimārga III</note>.

-->

<!--

next to the holy Makiḻ tree <supplied reason="subaudible">of the shrine?</supplied> of god Paṭampakka-nāyaka<note>This was later named the shrine of god Gauliśa, which pertains to the Śaiva Atimārga I of Lakulīśa.</note>.

After despositing at the temple treasury <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>śrīpaṇṭāra</foreign></supplied> 120 current coins <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>aṉṟāṭu naṟkācu</foreign></supplied>

-->

<!--

<note><foreign>piṭāraṉ</foreign> = temple official or musician? SII.65 indicates that the <foreign>piṭārar</foreign> are entrusted with the singing of the holy hymns <supplied reason="explanation"><foreign>tiruppatiyam</foreign></supplied>. According to Karashima (Ancient to Medieval, p. 120), they were in fact “temple supervising officers”, which seems to be also in line with Pondicherry Inscription 8, so one of their important tasks for which they got lands and tax exemptions was the singing of hymns</note>

-->